CN108762113A - A kind of method for building up of retarder torque characteristics computation model - Google Patents
A kind of method for building up of retarder torque characteristics computation model Download PDFInfo
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- CN108762113A CN108762113A CN201810645790.7A CN201810645790A CN108762113A CN 108762113 A CN108762113 A CN 108762113A CN 201810645790 A CN201810645790 A CN 201810645790A CN 108762113 A CN108762113 A CN 108762113A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B17/00—Systems involving the use of models or simulators of said systems
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method for building up of retarder torque characteristics computation model.By obtaining the control parameters such as Retarder air pressure, rotating speed of transmission shaft and torque, parameter is analysed in depth using MATLAB/Simulink as tool, studies the optimal fitting algorithm of different type retarder torque characteristic curve.By retarder torque characteristics data application in RCU (Retarder Control Unit) Controlling model, retarder torque characteristics computation model is built, the reliable calculating of torque is realized, achievees the effect that accurately control and feed back.Based on retarder torque characteristics computation model, build universal class type retarder gear computation model, meets the needs of vehicle braking system linkage retarder control mode data, effectively promote the braking ability of retarder matching vehicle, and then realize the upgrading optimization of retarder product, on the one hand the research and development for contributing to other types Retarder product in the future, are on the other hand conducive to Win Clients public's praise, the brand image of company and the market share are made constantly to be promoted.
Description
【Technical field】
The invention belongs to vehicle brake technology fields, and in particular to a kind of foundation side of retarder torque characteristics computation model
Method.
【Background technology】
The more other auxiliary brakings of Retarder (engine braking, current vortex retarder) have braking moment big, braking
Steadily, the advantages that noise is small, long lifespan can effectively reduce the pressure of main brake, it can be achieved that constant speed and graded brake function.Mesh
Before, external Retarder technology relative maturity, but cost is higher, therefore domestic host manufacturer fails to carry out large-scale
Match.
Further to promote the performance of Retarder product, meet vehicle braking system linkage retarder control mode number
According to demand, needing will be in retarder torque characteristics data application to Controlling model.Torque characteristic curve is also known as external characteristic curve,
Refer to air pressure-rotating speed-torque relationship curve, it can reflect some performances and feature of retarder from certain level.It is logical
Working condition of the Retarder on automobile can be measured by crossing platform experiment, and obtain some important parameters of control system,
Such as air pressure, rotating speed, torque, are extracted and analyzing these control parameters can make the result of torque arithmetic and calculation of pressure more may be used
It leans on, to accurately realize braking force control and feedback, and then effectively promotes the whole braking ability of retarder matching.
But since platform experiment data are complex, inconvenient use, it is therefore desirable to be based on advanced data algorithm and emulation
Tool studies the optimal fitting algorithm of different type retarder torque characteristic curve, and then builds the calculating of retarder torque characteristics
Model realizes the reliable calculating of torque, to realize coordinated signals.
【Invention content】
It is an object of the invention to overcome the above-mentioned prior art, a kind of retarder torque characteristics computation model is provided
And its method for building up and application.The present invention is input to MATLAB/ by the way that platform experiment is measured air pressure, rotating speed and torque data value
In Simulink, retarder torque characteristics computation model is established, and further build universal class type retarder gear computation model.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention is achieved by the following scheme:
A kind of method for building up of retarder torque characteristics computation model, includes the following steps:
(1) gathered data signal:Pass through experiment acquisition air pressure, the data-signal of rotating speed and torque;Each air pressure acquisition N
The data-signal of group rotating speed and torque acquires the data-signal of the rotating speed and torque under M air pressure altogether;M and N is more than 1
Integer;
(2) Signal Pretreatment:Step (1) collected data-signal is filtered out into impulsive noise, is reduced in vibration signal
High-frequency random noises obtain M filtered data group;Each data group includes setting the N group tachometer values measured under atmospheric pressure value
And its corresponding torque value;
(3) curve matching:Characteristic point is extracted from filtering data, feature based point is fitted under different air pressures, and each turns
The relation curve of speed and torque, same air pressure correspond to N group curves;It chooses and to record the corresponding fitting degree of each air pressure best
Torque characteristic curve, record the best torque characteristic curves of M altogether;
(4) numerical computations:According to the M best torque characteristic curve that step (3) records, target air pressure range and mesh are calculated
The torque value in the range of speeds is marked, result is recorded in tables of data;
(5) model foundation:The tables of data that step (4) records is directed into MATLAB/Simulink, is made by three-dimensional
Table, establishes retarder torque characteristics computation model, and retarder torque characteristics computation model is also set with interpolation table lookup function.
Further improvement of the present invention is:
Preferably, using platform experiment acquisition air pressure, the data value of rotating speed and torque in step (1).
Preferably, medium filtering is selected to filter out impulsive noise in step (2);Select 5 points three times filtering and MATLAB in
Smooth smothing filterings reduce the high-frequency random noises being mixed into vibration signal.
Preferably, the moving methods of moving average are selected to carry out smooth smothing filterings in step (2), filter window length is
15。
Preferably, the Curve Fitting Toolbox of MATLAB is selected to be fitted each under different air pressures in step (3)
Rotating speed and torque relationship curve;It passes sequentially through visual inspection, verification and returns evaluation index and evaluate three steps selections most preferably
Torque characteristic curve.
Preferably, in step (3) when Curve Fitting Toolbox tool fitted torsion characteristic curves, evaluation is returned
Index includes R squares, error sum of squares, root-mean-square error and degree of freedom;When record, each optimum fit curve is corresponding with one
The cfit amounts of a 1*1, at the same it is corresponding there are one self-defined title, and total M cfit amounts are maintained in mat files.
Preferably, the computational methods of torque value are in step (4):User Defined input shaft rotating speed and air pressure, if
Air pressure is less than barometric minimum value in step (1) experiment, utilizes linear ratio relation's calculated torque value;If air pressure is more than step (1)
Highest atmospheric pressure value in experiment calculates the corresponding torque value of highest air pressure by boundary method;If atmospheric pressure value is in the air pressure model of experiment
In enclosing, corresponding torque value is calculated by the best torque characteristic curve that step (3) obtains;Calculating process is executed by M files.
Preferably, target air pressure is ranging from step (4):0-300KPa, rotating speed of target is ranging from:0-1800rpm.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
The invention discloses a kind of method for building up of retarder torque characteristics computation model, by that will test the gas measured
After the data-signal of pressure, rotating speed and torque filters out noise, carry out curve fitting the best torque characteristic obtained under each air pressure
Curve, while calculated torque value being recorded in tables of data, obtained tables of data is passed through in MATLAB/Simulink three
Dimension tabulation and interpolation are tabled look-up, and retarder torque characteristics computation model is established.The present invention is directed to extract and analyze air pressure, rotating speed and torsion
These control parameters of square, keep the result of torque arithmetic relatively reliable, to accurately realize braking force control and feedback, effectively
Promote the braking ability of Retarder matching vehicle.The present invention furthers investigate retarder using MATLAB/Simulink as tool
The fitting algorithm of torque characteristic curve establishes retarder torque characteristics computation model, based on passing through the essence to retarder torque
Really control improves the reliability and stability of product with calculating, and then realizes the upgrading optimization of retarder product, on the one hand has
Help the research and development of other types Retarder product in the future, is on the other hand conducive to Win Clients public's praise, makes company
Brand image and the market share are constantly promoted.
Further, filtering of the invention is divided into two stages, and the first stage selects medium filtering to filter out pulse and makes an uproar
Sound, second stage selects at 5 points, and filtering or smooth smothing filterings reduce high-frequency random noises three times.Collected data-signal
Untreated preceding burr is larger, and medium filtering has good filtration result, especially while filtering out noise, energy to impulsive noise
The edge of enough protection signals, is allowed to not be blurred.5 points three times filtering can remove small burr and not change curvilinear motion rule,
After using 5 points of filtering removal noises three times, there are still subtle burrs for curve, and smooth smothing filterings is selected further to remove
Burr is filtered curve.
Further, the present invention is fitted rotating speed and torque under different air pressures by Curve Fitting Toolbox tools
Relation curve;After fitting N rotating speed and the torque relationship curve under each air pressure, the song fitted is visually inspected first
Line overlaps situation with data point, filters out that registration is good, recycles R squares, the square-error returned in evaluation index
With equal statistical appraisals parameter, the best curve of degree of fitting is selected as best torque characteristic curve;The each elected
There are one cfit amounts for optimum fit curve correspondence, are stored in the mat files of MATLAB, and cfit amounts include that each is most preferably quasi-
Close the fit equation and its coefficient of curve.
Further, when establishing retarder torque characteristics computation model, the best fit fitted through the above steps is bent
Line computation goes out air pressure range in 0-300Kpa, torque of the range of speeds between 0-1800rpm;Specific algorithm is with input air pressure
The tachometer value of input and atmospheric pressure value are obtained torque value by line of demarcation by different algorithms;Air pressure input by user and rotating speed are small
When scope of experiment, pass through linear ratio relation's calculated torque value;When air pressure input by user and rotating speed are more than scope of experiment, lead to
It crosses and takes the direct maximum output torque value of the method for boundary value;While accurately calculating torque value, ensure the peak torque of output
The nominal maximum torque of retarder is not exceeded;In actual use, user only needs input air pressure and tachometer value, model to pass through interpolation
The mode tabled look-up can be accurately obtained the torque value of retarder, and calculating speed is fast, and can reach the effect for accurately controlling and feeding back
Fruit.
【Description of the drawings】
Fig. 1 is the torque characteristics computation model figure of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the torque characteristics computing module figure of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the universal class type retarder gear computation model figure of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the universal class type retarder torque characteristics computing module figure of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the torque percentage conversion module figure of the present invention.
【Specific implementation mode】
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
The method for building up of retarder torque characteristics computation model disclosed by the invention, includes the following steps:
(1) signal is acquired:Each retarder has certain operating air pressure range, the range of speeds and torque range;Pass through
When platform experiment gathered data, M common operating air pressure values are set first, and it is corresponding to measure N groups for each atmospheric pressure value
Rotating speed and torque acquire all data values measured and are input in MATLAB programs, that is, be converted into data-signal;M and N is big
In 1 integer, it is specifically chosen according to actual experiment needs;Such as:Retarder operating air pressure is 0-300KPa, then the selection of air pressure can
To be spacing with 10, M takes 30;It is spacing with 5, M takes 60;N can need the group number measured to determine according to experiment.
(2) Signal Pretreatment:The step is divided into two stages, and the first stage is to the collected data-signal of platform experiment
Medium filtering is carried out, it can effective filter out impulsive noise as a kind of nonlinear smoothing technology, especially filter out noise
It is capable of the edge of protection signal simultaneously.Second stage is to do at 5 points to filter three times, effect of this processing method to time-domain signal
The high-frequency random noises for reducing and being mixed into vibration signal are essentially consisted in, it is bent to obtain more smooth air pressure-rotating speed-torque relationship
Line.In view of partial data signal is there are still more tiny waveform shake, subsequent treatment effect can be influenced, for this feelings
Condition takes smooth smothing filterings;
The processing method that smooth smothing filterings include has six kinds:'moving','lowess','loess','
Sgolay', ' rlowess', ' rloess', obtain the effect of the moving methods of moving average in this six kinds of methods most by verification
It is good, therefore this method is selected to carry out smothing filtering, filter window length is set as 15.
The step obtains M filtered data group;Each data group includes setting the N group tachometer values measured under atmospheric pressure value
And its corresponding torque value.
(3) curve matching:Filtering data in step (2) extracts several characteristic points, because the curve fitted is mostly
Same changing rule, according to the changing rule of curve, each curve can be divided into several stages, and characteristic point is i.e. at each
Choose a point in stage, which can represent point that the slope of curve remains unchanged in the stage or what slope mutated turns
Point;Based on these characteristic point datas using the CurveFitting Toolbox tools of MATLAB to each under different air pressures
Rotating speed and torque relationship curve are fitted.The torque characteristic curve of each type retarder is fitted to a data set, then
The curve that visual inspection and verification fit overlaps situation with data point, filters out the good matched curve of registration, and synthesis is examined
Measure a series of recurrence evaluation indexes that MATLAB tools provide, including R squares, error sum of squares, root-mean-square error and degree of freedom
The grade index evaluations goodness of fit integrates the size of such evaluation index to choose the best torque characteristic curve of fitting degree;Often
One optimum fit curve corresponds to the cfit amounts there are one 1*1, this amount includes the equation of curve matching and its institute of coefficient
There is information, while there are one self-defined titles for correspondence, total M cfit amounts are maintained in mat files, in the M files of MATLAB
In directly invoke the cfit variables of self-defined title and can be obtained the value at any point on the torque characteristic curve of fitting.
(4) numerical computations:Loading includes the mat texts of the cfit amounts of torque characteristic curve fit equation and its coefficient information
Part, operation execute the M files of torque arithmetic function, calculate the range of speeds in batches in 0-1800rpm, air pressure range in 0-
Several torque values of 300KPa, numerical result is recorded in Excel tables;The algorithm of torque arithmetic is:User makes by oneself
Adopted input shaft rotating speed and air pressure, if air pressure is less than the barometric minimum value that platform experiment measures, torque point is fallen less than this
In the range of barometric minimum, torque value is calculated with linear ratio relation, circular is:Assuming that platform experiment is minimum
Air pressure X1, rotating speed Y1In the case of corresponding torque value be Z1;It needs to calculate air pressure to be X2(X2<X1), rotating speed Y1Torque
Value Z2, then Z2=(X2/X1)×Z1, the torque value within the scope of this is calculated by the method relationship;If air pressure is surveyed more than platform experiment
Highest atmospheric pressure value, then torque point fall in the range of more than the highest air pressure, output torque value is directly set to the highest gas
Torque value when pressure, as boundary method;If air pressure between highest atmospheric pressure value, first finds air pressure and falls into range pair between minimum
The torque range answered finds out exact torque value further according to linear relationship.
(5) model foundation:Using retarder torque characteristic curve as foundation, braking is obtained by rotating speed of transmission shaft and air pressure and is turned round
Square, specific method are to carry out three-dimensional in MATLAB/Simulink environment according to the relationship between air pressure, rotating speed and torque three
Tabulation, establishes retarder torque characteristics computation model, tables look-up in conjunction with interpolation, and can be obtained carload in office by the model is driven
Corresponding retarder braking torque under rotating speed and any air pressure.The interpolation table look-up for, three-dimensional tabulation in preserved air pressure,
Rotating speed and torque data are limited, and rest part air pressure and the corresponding torque of rotating speed are calculated by the method for linear interpolation
Going out, concrete principle is that model first finds two nearest atmospheric pressure values of distance input air pressure and rotating speed and two tachometer values respectively, then
The two air pressures and the corresponding torque value of rotating speed are found, output torque is then calculated according to linear ratio relation.
Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, retarder torque characteristics computation model includes the rotating speed of transmission shaft inputted, air pressure, torque characteristics
The torque value of computing module and output;In torque characteristics computing module, with Fa Shite series connection Retarder FH400B be according to
According to development platform experiment obtains accurate air pressure-rotating speed-torque relationship curve, carried out in MATLAB/Simulink environment
Simultaneously interpolation is tabled look-up for three-dimensional tabulation, can convert rotating speed of transmission shaft and air pressure to retarder braking torque.
The model of foundation is applied in universal class type retarder gear computation model, that is, is directed to different types of retarder,
Platform experiment is carried out respectively, establishes retarder torque characteristics computation model alone;The torque characteristics of multiple retarders is calculated
Models coupling is together, you can obtains universal class type retarder gear computation model.
Referring to Fig. 3, the retarder torque characteristics computation model established out is applied and calculates mould in universal class type retarder gear
In type, universal class type retarder gear computation model includes:
Input module:For inputting retarder type and target air pressure value;
Universal class type retarder torque characteristics computing module:According to the different type of retarder, by rotating speed of transmission shaft and target
Air pressure is converted into retarder target torque, and obtains retarder peak torque, and the peak torque of each retarder is rated value.
Torque percentage conversion module:For converting retarder peak torque and target torque to torque percentage, i.e.,
Gear.
Ratio conversion module:According to ERC1 (Electronic Retarder Controller 1) message numerical value and torque
Percentages are 2.5 times of relationships, convert torque percentage to ERC1 messages.
Referring to Fig. 4, in universal class type retarder torque characteristics computing module, with retarder one, (Fa Shite FHB360 parallel connections are slow
Fast device), retarder two (Fa Shite FHB320B parallel connections retarder) and retarder three (Fa Shite FH400B connect retarder) be according to
According to, each retarder does a large amount of platform experiments, obtains air pressure-rotating speed-torque relationship curve of these three type retarders,
Three-dimensional tabulation is carried out in MATLAB/Simulink environment and interpolation is tabled look-up, and can will be driven according to the different type of retarder
Rotating speed and target air pressure are converted into target torque, and maximum output torque.
Referring to Fig. 5, in torque percentage conversion module, consider directly according to peak torque and the calculated torsion of target torque
Square percentage result contains decimal, rather than integer, therefore needs through floor module, complementation module and If-Else conditions
Judgment module converts torque percentage result of calculation to integer type by non-integer type, and the torque percentage of the integer type is shelves
Position.
The present invention is by obtaining the control parameters such as Retarder air pressure, rotating speed of transmission shaft and braking torque, with MATLAB/
Simulink is that tool analyses in depth parameter, and the optimal fitting of research different type retarder torque characteristic curve is calculated
Method, finally obtain including under multiple air pressures rotating speed and with the best curve of torque;In actual use, user only needs input air pressure
And tachometer value, model can be accurately obtained the torque of retarder by way of tabling look-up, by retarder torque characteristics data application
In RCU (Retarder Control Unit) retarder Controlling model, retarder torque characteristics computation model is built, is realized
The reliable calculating of torque/gear, achievees the effect that accurately control and feed back.Based on retarder torque characteristics computation model, build
Universal class type retarder gear computation model meets the needs of vehicle braking system linkage retarder control mode data, effectively carries
Rise the braking ability of retarder matching vehicle.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention
With within principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention god.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of method for building up of retarder torque characteristics computation model, which is characterized in that include the following steps:
(1) gathered data signal:Pass through experiment acquisition air pressure, the data-signal of rotating speed and torque;Each air pressure acquisition N groups turn
The data-signal of speed and torque acquires the data-signal of the rotating speed and torque under M air pressure altogether;M and N is the integer more than 1;
(2) Signal Pretreatment:Step (1) collected data-signal is filtered out into impulsive noise, reduces the high frequency in vibration signal
Random noise obtains M filtered data group;Each data group include set under atmospheric pressure value the N groups tachometer value that measures and its
Corresponding torque value;
(3) curve matching:Extract characteristic point from filtering data, feature based point is fitted under different air pressures, each rotating speed and
The relation curve of torque, same air pressure correspond to N group curves;It chooses and records the best torsion of the corresponding fitting degree of each air pressure
Square characteristic curve records M best torque characteristic curves altogether;
(4) numerical computations:According to the M best torque characteristic curve that step (3) records, calculates target air pressure range and target turns
Torque value in fast range, result is recorded in tables of data;
(5) model foundation:The tables of data that step (4) records is directed into MATLAB/Simulink, is tabulated, is built by three-dimensional
Vertical retarder torque characteristics computation model, retarder torque characteristics computation model are also set with interpolation table lookup function.
2. a kind of method for building up of retarder torque characteristics computation model according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step
(1) using platform experiment acquisition air pressure, the data value of rotating speed and torque in.
3. a kind of method for building up of retarder torque characteristics computation model according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step
(2) medium filtering is selected to filter out impulsive noise in;Selecting at 5 points, filtering and the smooth smothing filterings in MATLAB are reduced three times
The high-frequency random noises being mixed into vibration signal.
4. a kind of method for building up of retarder torque characteristics computation model according to claim 3, which is characterized in that step
(2) the moving methods of moving average are selected to carry out smooth smothing filterings in, filter window length is 15.
5. a kind of method for building up of retarder torque characteristics computation model according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step
(3) the Curve Fitting Toolbox of MATLAB are selected to be fitted the rotating speed of each and torque relationship under different air pressures in bent
Line;It passes sequentially through visual inspection, verification and returns three steps of evaluation index evaluation and choose best torque characteristic curve.
6. a kind of method for building up of retarder torque characteristics computation model according to claim 5, which is characterized in that step
(3) in when Curve Fitting Toolbox tool fitted torsion characteristic curves, return evaluation index include R squares, error it is flat
Fang He, root-mean-square error and degree of freedom;When record, each optimum fit curve corresponds to the cfit amounts there are one 1*1, while right
Should be there are one self-defined title, total M cfit amounts are maintained in mat files.
7. a kind of method for building up of retarder torque characteristics computation model according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step
(4) computational methods of torque value are in:User Defined input shaft rotating speed and air pressure, if air pressure is tested less than step (1)
Middle barometric minimum value utilizes linear ratio relation's calculated torque value;If air pressure is more than highest atmospheric pressure value in step (1) experiment, lead to
It crosses boundary method and calculates the corresponding torque value of highest air pressure;If atmospheric pressure value in the air pressure range of experiment, is obtained by step (3)
Best torque characteristic curve calculate corresponding torque value;Calculating process is executed by M files.
8. a kind of method for building up of retarder torque characteristics computation model according to claim 1-7 any one, special
Sign is, target air pressure is ranging from step (4):0-300KPa, rotating speed of target is ranging from:0-1800rpm.
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