CN108761045A - A kind of model and method for measuring side slope subsurface runoff magnitude relation - Google Patents
A kind of model and method for measuring side slope subsurface runoff magnitude relation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of models and method for measuring side slope subsurface runoff magnitude relation, the model includes rainfall system, including water delivery device, rainer and holder, and rainer is arranged on holder, holder can adjust rainer position, and rainer is connected to water delivery device；One end of slope system, including side slope model, side slope model is equipped with angular adjustment component, and angular adjustment component is slidably coupled to holder, and the bottom plate of side slope model is equipped with several through-holes, and other end height is compared in the one end for connecting the side slope model of angle regulating member；Runoff monitoring system, component is observed including run-off collecting part and run-off, run-off collecting part connects run-off and observes component, run-off observation component is connected to the lower one end of side slope model, run-off observation component is for observing real-time run-off size, and run-off collecting part is for collecting and observing run-off total amount.The model structure is simple, and experimental efficiency is high, and observation is convenient.
Description
Technical field
It is the present invention relates to slope project test equipment technical field, more particularly to a kind of for measuring side slope subsurface runoff amount pass
The model and method of system.
Background technology
Slope instability is destroyed as one of global Major Natural Disasters, drastically influences the security of the lives and property of our people
With the development of social economy.Slope instability damage study is always the research emphasis in disaster field, and rain infiltration is to cause side
One of instable principal element in slope carries out slope deforming under side slope subsurface runoff magnitude relation, failure mechanism and stability
There is model investigation highly important theory significance and Practical Project to be worth.
Side slope surface layer discharge relation research at present is less, and experimental method and equipment more lack, and side slope moisture content lacks
Effect relation at any time, and without in analysis rainfall slope surface surface layer diameter seepage flow to pass between relationship and water content
System lacks the Conjoint Analysis to multi-parameters such as quantum of rainfall, time, diameter seepage flow and change of moisture content, and experimental implementation is complicated, obtains
Take data speed slow.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention to overcome the current side slope surface layer discharge relation research in the presence of the prior art less,
Experimental method and equipment more lack, and side slope moisture content lacks effect relation at any time, and without analysis rainfall mesoslope
Giving with the relationship between relationship and water content for face surface layer diameter seepage flow, lacks to quantum of rainfall, time, diameter seepage flow and water content
The Conjoint Analysis of the multi-parameters such as variation, experimental implementation is complicated, the slow above-mentioned deficiency of acquisition data speed, provides a kind of for measuring
The model and method of side slope subsurface runoff magnitude relation.
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides following technical schemes：
A kind of model for measuring side slope subsurface runoff magnitude relation, including：
Rainfall system, including water delivery device, rainer and holder, the rainer are arranged on the bracket, institute
The rainer position can be adjusted by stating holder, and the rainer is connected to the water delivery device；
One end of slope system, including side slope model, the side slope model is equipped with angular adjustment component, the angular adjustment
Component is used to adjust the angle of the side slope model, and the angular adjustment component is slidably coupled to the holder, the side slope
The bottom plate of model is equipped with several through-holes, and the other end is compared in the one end for connecting the side slope model of the angular adjustment component
It is high；
Runoff monitoring system, including run-off collecting part and run-off observe component, and the run-off collecting part connects
The run-off observation component is connect, the run-off observation component is connected to described lower one end of side slope model, the runoff
Discharge observation component is for observing real-time run-off size, and the run-off collecting part is for collecting and observing run-off total amount.
Using a kind of model for measuring side slope subsurface runoff magnitude relation of the present invention, rainer is adjusted along side
The high settings such as slope model, rainfall intensity is uneven caused by solving height unevenness, and real-time runoff is observed using run-off observation component
Size is measured, run-off total amount is collected and observed to run-off collecting part, can according to the spray total Water and run-off of rainer
Directly to calculate the relationship of experiment diameter seepage discharge, the time effect and side slope water content observed in conjunction with run-off observation component
Situation of change probes into the changing rule of diameter seepage flow relationship and slopes water content of the side slope under condition of raining, and then can be side
The dynamic analysis and side slope protection of slope stability provide relevant parameter, so as to be carried to the variation of condition of raining descending body water content
For the dynamic design foundation of science, the model structure is simple, and experimental efficiency is high, and observation is convenient.
Preferably, the rainer includes regulation component and several nozzles, and all nozzles are connected to the pressure regulation
Component, the regulation component are connected to the water delivery device.
Using this structure setting, the permanent hydraulic pressure needed can be set up with regulation component, convenient for calculating rainer spray
Total Water, using several nozzles can Distributed Precipitation, keep the precipitation that side slope model receives uniform.
Preferably, all nozzles are uniformly arranged on the bracket.
Preferably, the water delivery device includes hydraulic pipeline and return line, and the hydraulic pipeline connects the pressure regulation group
One end of part, the return line is connected on the hydraulic pipeline.
Preferably, the holder includes montant and cross bar, and the cross bar is rotationally connected with the montant, all nozzles
On the cross bar, the angular adjustment component is slidably coupled to the montant for setting.
Preferably, the run-off collecting part includes cuboid header tank, and four walls of the header tank are transparent configuration
Part, the box outer wall that catchments are equipped with graduated scale.
Preferably, four walls of the header tank are glass structure part or acrylic structural member.
Preferably, the run-off observation component includes triangular-notch weir weir plate, and triangle is equipped at the top of the triangular-notch weir weir plate
The cross section of groove, the triangular groove is isosceles right triangle, and the bevel edge level of the isosceles right triangle is set
It sets.
Utilize Q=0.01343H2.47Formula, the height H that need to only observe water level in triangular groove can show that flow is total
Amount, convenient for the variation of monitoring run-off in real time.
Preferably, the run-off observation component further includes sensor, and the sensor is for monitoring the triangular-notch weir weir
The height of water level of run-off in plate.
The present invention also provides a kind of methods for measuring side slope subsurface runoff magnitude relation, using as described in any of the above item
For measuring the model of side slope subsurface runoff magnitude relation, which includes the following steps：
A, adjusting bracket makes the slope surface of the parallel side slope model of the spray face of rainer；
B, start water delivery device, to the rainer discharge pressure water；
C, pressure water is sprayed by the rainer, when rainfall intensity is more than the side slope model slope surface infiltration rate, institute
It states side slope model slope surface and generates run-off, flow to one end of the side slope model；
D, run-off water observes component by run-off, the real-time traffic size of run-off is calculated, then by run-off
Collecting part is collected, and obtains runoff volume.
Using a kind of method for measuring side slope subsurface runoff magnitude relation of the present invention, rainer is adjusted along side
The high settings such as slope model, rainfall intensity is uneven caused by solving height unevenness, and real-time runoff is observed using run-off observation component
Size is measured, run-off total amount is collected and observed to run-off collecting part, can according to the spray total Water and run-off of rainer
Directly to calculate the relationship of experiment diameter seepage discharge, the time effect and side slope water content observed in conjunction with run-off observation component
Situation of change probes into the changing rule of diameter seepage flow relationship and slopes water content of the side slope under condition of raining, and then can be side
The dynamic analysis and side slope protection of slope stability provide relevant parameter, so as to be carried to the variation of condition of raining descending body water content
For the dynamic design foundation of science, this method step is simple, and experimental efficiency is high, and observation is convenient.
Preferably, before executing the step A, the angular adjustment component of side slope model one end is adjusted on the bracket
Position and the angular adjustment component itself pitch angle so that the slope surface angular adjustment of the side slope model to experiment
The angle position needed.
In conclusion by adopting the above-described technical solution, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1, with a kind of model for measuring side slope subsurface runoff magnitude relation of the present invention, rainer edge is adjusted
The high settings such as side slope model, rainfall intensity is uneven caused by solving height unevenness, and real-time diameter is observed using run-off observation component
Run-off total amount is collected and observed to uninterrupted, run-off collecting part, according to the spray total Water and run-off of rainer
The relationship that experiment diameter seepage discharge can directly be calculated, the time effect and side slope water content observed in conjunction with run-off observation component
Situation of change, probe into the changing rule of diameter seepage flow relationship and slopes water content of the side slope under condition of raining, and then can be
The dynamic analysis and side slope protection of slope stability provide relevant parameter, so as to change to condition of raining descending body water content
The dynamic design foundation of offer science, the model structure is simple, and experimental efficiency is high, and observation is convenient；
2, with a kind of model for measuring side slope subsurface runoff magnitude relation of the present invention, the rainer includes
Regulation component and several nozzles, all nozzles are connected to the regulation component, and the regulation component is connected to the water delivery dress
It sets, using this structure setting, the permanent hydraulic pressure needed can be set up with regulation component, convenient for calculating total water of rainer spray
Amount, using several nozzles can Distributed Precipitation, keep the precipitation that side slope model receives uniform；
3, with a kind of method for measuring side slope subsurface runoff magnitude relation of the present invention, rainer edge is adjusted
The high settings such as side slope model, rainfall intensity is uneven caused by solving height unevenness, and real-time diameter is observed using run-off observation component
Run-off total amount is collected and observed to uninterrupted, run-off collecting part, according to the spray total Water and run-off of rainer
The relationship that experiment diameter seepage discharge can directly be calculated, the time effect and side slope water content observed in conjunction with run-off observation component
Situation of change, probe into the changing rule of diameter seepage flow relationship and slopes water content of the side slope under condition of raining, and then can be
The dynamic analysis and side slope protection of slope stability provide relevant parameter, so as to change to condition of raining descending body water content
The dynamic design foundation of offer science, this method step is simple, and experimental efficiency is high, and observation is convenient.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the model for measuring side slope subsurface runoff magnitude relation described in embodiment 1；
Fig. 2 is the overlooking structure diagram of side slope model described in embodiment 1；
Fig. 3 is the cross-sectional view that run-off observes component described in embodiment 1.
It is marked in figure：1- rainfall systems, 11- water delivery devices, 12- rainers, 13- holders, 14- regulation components, 15- sprays
Head, 16- montants, 17- cross bars, 18- hydraulic pipelines, 19- return lines, 2- slope systems, 21- side slope models, 22- angular adjustments
Component, 3- runoff monitoring systems, 31- run-off collecting parts, 32- run-offs observe component.
Specific implementation mode
With reference to test example and specific implementation mode, the present invention is described in further detail.But this should not be understood
It is only limitted to embodiment below for the range of the above-mentioned theme of the present invention, it is all that this is belonged to based on the technology that the content of present invention is realized
The range of invention.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figs. 1-3, a kind of model for measuring side slope subsurface runoff magnitude relation of the present invention, including：
Rainfall system 1, including water delivery device 11, rainer 12 and holder 13, the rainer 12 include pressure regulation group
Part 14 and several nozzles 15, all nozzles 15 are connected to the regulation component 14, and the water delivery device 11 includes water-supply-pipe
Road 18 and return line 19, the hydraulic pipeline 18 connect the regulation component 14, and one end of the return line 19 is connected to
On the hydraulic pipeline 18, the holder 13 includes montant 16 and cross bar 17, and the cross bar 17 is rotationally connected with the montant 16,
All nozzles 15 are uniformly arranged on the cross bar 17；
One end of slope system 2, including side slope model 21, the side slope model 21 is equipped with angular adjustment component 22, described
Angular adjustment component 22 is used to adjust the angle of the side slope model 21, and the angular adjustment component 22 is slidably coupled to described
The bottom plate of holder 13, the side slope model 21 is equipped with several through-holes, connects the side slope of the angular adjustment component 22
Other end height is compared in one end of model 21, and the angular adjustment component 22 is slidably coupled to the montant 16；
Runoff monitoring system 3, including run-off collecting part 31 and run-off observe component 32, the run-off collection portion
Part 31 connects the run-off observation component 32, and the run-off observation component 32 is connected to the side slope model 21 lower one
End, for the run-off observation component 32 for observing real-time run-off size, the run-off observation component 32 includes triangular-notch weir
Weir plate and sensor, the triangular-notch weir weir plate top are equipped with triangular groove, and the cross section of the triangular groove is that isosceles are straight
Angle triangle, and the bevel edge of the isosceles right triangle is horizontally disposed, the sensor is for monitoring the triangular-notch weir weir plate
The height of water level of middle run-off, the run-off collecting part 31 are received for collecting and observing run-off total amount, the run-off
It includes cuboid header tank to collect component 31, and four walls of the header tank are glass structure part, and the box outer wall that catchments is equipped with scale
Ruler.
With a kind of model for measuring side slope subsurface runoff magnitude relation of the present invention, 12 edge of rainer is adjusted
The high settings such as side slope model 21, rainfall intensity is uneven caused by solving height unevenness, regulation component 14 can be used to set up the perseverance needed
Hydraulic pressure, convenient for calculate rainer 12 spray total Water, using several nozzles 15 can Distributed Precipitation, make side slope model 21
The precipitation received is uniform, observes real-time run-off size using run-off observation component 32, run-off collecting part 31 is collected
And run-off total amount is observed, experiment diameter seepage discharge can directly be calculated according to the spray total Water and run-off of rainer 12
Relationship, in conjunction with run-off observation component 32 observe time effect and side slope water content situation of change, probe into side slope and dropping
The changing rule of diameter seepage flow relationship and slopes water content under the conditions of rain, and then can be dynamic analysis and the side of slope stability
Slope protection provides relevant parameter, so as to change the dynamic design foundation of offer science to condition of raining descending body water content,
The model structure is simple, and experimental efficiency is high, and observation is convenient.
Embodiment 2
A kind of method for measuring side slope subsurface runoff magnitude relation of the present invention is used using as described in Example 1
In the model for measuring side slope subsurface runoff magnitude relation, which includes the following steps：
A, position and the angular adjustment of the angular adjustment component 22 of 21 one end of side slope model on montant 16 are adjusted
The pitch angle of of component 22 so that the angle position that the slope surface angular adjustment of the side slope model 21 is needed to experiment itself；
B, it adjusts cross bar 17 to rotate relative to the montant 16, the parallel side slope model of the spray face where making all nozzles 15 21
Slope surface；
C, start water delivery device 11, adjust regulation component 14, constant pressure water is conveyed to the rainer 12；
D, pressure water is sprayed by all nozzles 15, and rainfall intensity is more than 21 slope surface infiltration rate of the side slope model
When, 21 slope surface of side slope model generates run-off, flows to one end of the side slope model 21；
E, run-off water is calculated the real-time traffic size of run-off, is then catchmented by cuboid by triangular-notch weir weir plate
Case is collected, and obtains runoff volume；
F, the runoff volume collected according to the spray total Water and run-off collecting part 31 of rainer 12 calculates reality
Test the relationship of diameter seepage discharge.
With a kind of method for measuring side slope subsurface runoff magnitude relation of the present invention, 12 edge of rainer is adjusted
The high settings such as side slope model 21, rainfall intensity is uneven caused by solving height unevenness, and reality is observed using run-off observation component 32
When run-off size, run-off collecting part 31 collect simultaneously observe run-off total amount, according to the spray total Water of rainer 12
With run-off can directly calculate experiment diameter seepage discharge relationship, in conjunction with run-off observation component 32 observe time effect and
The situation of change of side slope water content probes into the changing rule of diameter seepage flow relationship and slopes water content of the side slope under condition of raining,
And then relevant parameter can be provided for the dynamic analysis and side slope protection of slope stability, so as to slopes under condition of raining
Change of moisture content provides the dynamic design foundation of science, and this method step is simple, and experimental efficiency is high, and observation is convenient.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention
All any modification, equivalent and improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention made by within refreshing and principle.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of model for measuring side slope subsurface runoff magnitude relation, which is characterized in that including：
Rainfall system (1), including water delivery device (11), rainer (12) and holder (13), rainer (12) setting
On the holder (13), the holder (13) can adjust the rainer (12) position, and the rainer (12) is even
Lead to the water delivery device (11)；
One end of slope system (2), including side slope model (21), the side slope model (21) is equipped with angular adjustment component (22),
The angular adjustment component (22) is used to adjust the angle of the side slope model (21), and the angular adjustment component (22) is slidably
It is connected to the holder (13), the bottom plate of the side slope model (21) is equipped with several through-holes, connects the angle adjustment
Compare other end height in one end of the side slope model (21) of part (22)；
Runoff monitoring system (3), including run-off collecting part (31) and run-off observation component (32), the run-off are collected
Component (31) connects the run-off observation component (32), and the run-off observation component (32) is connected to the side slope model
(21) lower one end, the run-off observation component (32) is for observing real-time run-off size, the run-off collection portion
Part (31) is for collecting and observing run-off total amount.
2. the model according to claim 1 for measuring side slope subsurface runoff magnitude relation, which is characterized in that the rainfall dress
It includes regulation component (14) and several nozzles (15) to set (12), and all nozzles (15) are connected to the regulation component (14),
The regulation component (14) is connected to the water delivery device (11).
3. the model according to claim 2 for measuring side slope subsurface runoff magnitude relation, which is characterized in that all sprays
Head (15) is uniformly arranged on the holder (13).
4. the model according to claim 2 for measuring side slope subsurface runoff magnitude relation, which is characterized in that the water delivery dress
It includes hydraulic pipeline (18) and return line (19) to set (11), and the hydraulic pipeline (18) connects the regulation component (14), institute
The one end for stating return line (19) is connected on the hydraulic pipeline (18).
5. the model according to claim 2 for measuring side slope subsurface runoff magnitude relation, which is characterized in that the holder
(13) include montant (16) and cross bar (17), the cross bar (17) is rotationally connected with the montant (16), all nozzles
(15) it is arranged on the cross bar (17), the angular adjustment component (22) is slidably coupled to the montant (16).
6. the model according to claim 1 for measuring side slope subsurface runoff magnitude relation, which is characterized in that the run-off
Collecting part (31) includes cuboid header tank, and four walls of the header tank are transparent configuration part, and the box outer wall that catchments is equipped with
Graduated scale.
7. the model according to claim 6 for measuring side slope subsurface runoff magnitude relation, which is characterized in that the header tank
Four walls be glass structure part or acrylic structural member.
8. being used to measure the model of side slope subsurface runoff magnitude relation according to claim 1-7 any one of them, which is characterized in that institute
It includes triangular-notch weir weir plate to state run-off observation component (32), and triangular groove, the triangle are equipped at the top of the triangular-notch weir weir plate
The cross section of connected in star is isosceles right triangle, and the bevel edge of the isosceles right triangle is horizontally disposed.
9. a kind of method for measuring side slope subsurface runoff magnitude relation, which is characterized in that application is such as any one of claim 1-8 institutes
The model for measuring side slope subsurface runoff magnitude relation stated, the assay method include the following steps：
A, adjusting bracket (13) makes the slope surface of the parallel side slope model (21) of the spray face of rainer (12)；
B, start water delivery device (11), to the rainer (12) discharge pressure water；
C, pressure water is sprayed by the rainer (12), and rainfall intensity is more than side slope model (21) the slope surface infiltration rate
When, side slope model (21) slope surface generates run-off, flows to one end of the side slope model (21)；
D, run-off water observes component (32) by run-off, the real-time traffic size of run-off is calculated, then by run-off
Collecting part (31) is collected, and obtains runoff volume.
10. the method according to claim 9 for measuring side slope subsurface runoff magnitude relation, which is characterized in that described in execution
Before step A, adjust position of the angular adjustment component (22) of described side slope model (21) one end on the holder (13) and
Angular adjustment component (22) pitch angle of itself so that the slope surface angular adjustment of the side slope model (21) is needed to experiment
The angle position wanted.
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| CN111551691A (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2020-08-18 | 广西大学 | Multifunctional side slope model test device |
| CN118518175A (en) * | 2024-07-19 | 2024-08-20 | 生态环境部华南环境科学研究所(生态环境部生态环境应急研究所) | Split farmland surface runoff flow monitoring device and detection system |
| CN118518175B (en) * | 2024-07-19 | 2024-10-11 | 生态环境部华南环境科学研究所(生态环境部生态环境应急研究所) | Split farmland surface runoff flow monitoring device and detection system |
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