CN108760414B - Medium flow virtual cyclone sampler and use method thereof - Google Patents
Medium flow virtual cyclone sampler and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108760414B CN108760414B CN201810873080.XA CN201810873080A CN108760414B CN 108760414 B CN108760414 B CN 108760414B CN 201810873080 A CN201810873080 A CN 201810873080A CN 108760414 B CN108760414 B CN 108760414B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- LVZWSLJZHVFIQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclopropane Chemical compound C1CC1 LVZWSLJZHVFIQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013024 dilution buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/22—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
- G01N1/2202—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state involving separation of sample components during sampling
- G01N1/2211—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state involving separation of sample components during sampling with cyclones
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/22—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
- G01N1/24—Suction devices
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/22—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
- G01N1/2202—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state involving separation of sample components during sampling
- G01N2001/222—Other features
- G01N2001/2223—Other features aerosol sampling devices
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a medium-flow virtual cyclone sampler and a use method thereof, which can be used for sampling atmospheric particulate matters. The middle flow virtual cyclone sampler comprises a steady flow cover consisting of a top cover and a flow guide column, an upper sampler body provided with a virtual cyclone cavity, a catcher positioned in the upper sampler body and a lower sampler body provided with an air outlet cavity, wherein the steady flow cover, the upper sampler body, the catcher and the lower sampler body are sequentially stacked and detachably connected. The middle-flow virtual cyclone sampler has reasonable structure and easy manufacturing and processing, and can effectively avoid the deposition, impact and re-suspension of particulate matters during sampling.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of atmospheric particulate sampling, and particularly relates to a middle-flow virtual cyclone sampler and a use method thereof.
Background
Most of the existing atmospheric particulate samplers sold at home and abroad use traditional inertial classification samplers such as impact samplers or cyclone samplers. Since particulate matters collide with the wall surface, the two samplers have the following defects that (1) the excessive deposition of large particles on the trapping plate (or the wall surface) can influence the trapping effect of the samplers; (2) In the process of collision of the particles and the wall surface, the physicochemical property, the surface structure and the structural integrity of the particles can be changed due to the rupture, agglomeration and chemical reaction of the particles, so that the next analysis and detection are adversely affected; (3) The rebound and re-suspension of the particles on the inertial impactor trapping plate can cause the retention of part of the particles which are needed to be separated, and the larger particle size and larger mass of the part of the particles can cause larger error in the collection of the target particles with relatively smaller particle size; (4) The pressure drop of the sampler is large, so that the volume of the equipment is increased, and the development of the sampler is limited.
To improve the above-mentioned problems of the existing samplers, a scholars proposed the concept of a virtual cyclone type sampler: the particles with larger particle size are guided into centrifugal vortex flow from main air inlet flow by non-impact principle, so as to avoid collision between the particles and the wall surface of the sampler, and realize graded sampling of the particles. However, the development and application of the virtual cyclone sampler are limited due to the inconvenience of manufacturing and processing.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a novel middle-flow virtual cyclone sampler which is reasonable in structure and easy to manufacture and process, and can effectively avoid the deposition, impact and re-suspension of particulate matters during sampling.
The biological aerosol sampler based on the virtual cyclone principle comprises a steady flow cover, a sampler upper body, a catcher and a sampler lower body, wherein the steady flow cover consists of a top cover and a flow guide column, the sampler upper body is provided with a virtual cyclone cavity, the catcher is positioned in the sampler upper body, and the sampler lower body is provided with an air outlet cavity, and the steady flow cover, the sampler upper body, the catcher and the sampler lower body are sequentially stacked and detachably connected;
the sampler upper body is also provided with a cylindrical air inlet cavity for inserting the flow guide column, the flow guide column is matched with the cylindrical air inlet cavity to form a circular air inlet channel, the upper end of the cylindrical air inlet cavity extends to the periphery to form an outer edge, and a plurality of supporting columns for supporting the top cover are arranged on the outer edge.
The air flow containing particles enters the sampler from the annular air inlet channel, when passing through the virtual cyclone cavity, particles with larger particle size are collected on the catcher, and the rest air flow is discharged from the cylindrical air outlet cavity.
Preferably, the length of the guide post is about the sum of the lengths of the top cover support post and the cylindrical air inlet cavity, and the lower end of the guide post and the lower end of the cylindrical air inlet cavity are positioned on the same horizontal line after installation.
In the embodiment of the invention, the virtual cyclone cavity consists of a first arc-shaped inner wall, a horizontal inner wall and a second arc-shaped inner wall which are sequentially connected; the upper end of the first arc-shaped inner wall is connected with the lower end of the cylindrical air inlet cavity, the first arc-shaped inner wall protrudes towards the catcher, and the protruding direction of the second arc-shaped inner wall is opposite to that of the first arc-shaped inner wall.
When the airflow containing the particles passes through the first arc-shaped inner wall, the original flow direction is changed along with the change of the first arc-shaped inner wall, part of the airflow change flow enters the lower body of the sampler through the horizontal inner wall and the second arc-shaped inner wall and is discharged from the air outlet, and the rest part forms a boundary circulation in the cavity below the first arc-shaped inner wall. When the newly entered air flow meets the boundary circulation, the original flow direction is changed, and larger particles in the air flow are separated from the main air flow due to inertia effect and enter the boundary circulation to be finally collected by the catcher.
The second arc inner wall can generate a buffer effect on the air flow which will enter the lower body of the sampler so as to stabilize the air pressure in the virtual cyclone cavity.
Further, the bending angles of the first arc-shaped inner wall and the second arc-shaped inner wall are 90 degrees.
Further, a first round corner is arranged at the inlet of the cylindrical air inlet cavity.
The setting of first chamfer has reduced the deposit of particulate matter at this place when the dusty air current flows through, and the setting of chamfer has reduced the processing degree of difficulty simultaneously.
In the embodiment of the invention, a first through hole is arranged at the lower end of the outer edge corresponding to the supporting column, a second through hole is arranged at the upper end of the top cover corresponding to the supporting column, and a third through hole is arranged on the supporting column; the top cover is fixed on the support column through bolts and nuts, and the bolts penetrate through the first through holes, the third through holes and the second through holes.
Further, the first through holes are combined with first counter bores with upward openings, and the lower ends of the support columns are located in the first counter bores.
In order to reduce the processing difficulty, the upper body of the sampler and the supporting column can be processed respectively, and then the lower end of the supporting column is fixed in the first counter bore by using an adhesive.
Furthermore, the second through holes are combined with second counter bores with downward openings, and the upper ends of the support columns are positioned in the second counter bores.
For convenient assembly, the cover plate can be placed on the support column firstly, the upper end of the support column is embedded into the second counter bore, and after the support column is stable, the support column is fixed by screws and nuts in sequence.
In the embodiment of the invention, the lower part of the upper body of the sampler is also provided with an assembling cavity, and the assembling cavity comprises an assembling first cavity for assembling with the catcher and an assembling second cavity for assembling with the lower body of the sampler; the upper wall of the first assembling cavity is formed by extending the lower end of the virtual cyclone cavity to the periphery, the lower end of the peripheral wall of the first assembling cavity is connected with the upper end of the peripheral wall of the second assembling cavity, and the inner side of the peripheral wall of the second assembling cavity is provided with internal threads.
In the embodiment of the invention, the top end surface of the lower body of the sampler is provided with the catcher saddle, the periphery of the upper part of the lower body of the sampler is provided with the assembly groove, and the peripheral wall of the assembly groove is provided with the external thread for screwing with the internal thread.
For convenient equipment, the upper body of the sampler and the lower body of the sampler are rotating parts, and the upper body of the sampler and the lower body of the sampler are assembled together through the engagement of internal threads and external threads. Typically, the outer part of the sampler upper body and the sampler lower body is in a flat cylindrical structure after being spliced.
In the embodiment of the invention, the lower body of the sampler is also provided with a buffer cavity, and the buffer cavity comprises a buffer first cavity with a cylindrical structure and a buffer second cavity with a truncated cone structure; the lower end of the buffer two cavities is connected with the upper end of the air outlet cavity.
In order to stabilize air flow and reduce microbial aerosol breakage, the middle-flow virtual cyclone sampler is provided with a buffer cavity, the inner diameter of an air flow channel is slowly reduced, and pressure loss caused by abrupt change of air flow is reduced.
In the embodiment of the invention, the air outlet cavity comprises an air outlet first cavity and an air outlet second cavity which are both in cylindrical structures; the inner diameter of the first air outlet cavity is smaller than that of the second air outlet cavity, and a plurality of first sealing rings for clamping the fixed filter membrane are vertically arranged in the second air outlet cavity.
The design of the air outlet cavity can directly connect the sampler with the external air extractor, and an adapter is not needed, so that the air outlet cavity is convenient to use.
Preferably, the first sealing rings are all silica gel sealing rings.
In an embodiment of the invention, the catcher comprises a supporting ring, a catcher dish positioned in the supporting ring and a plurality of supporting sheets with two ends respectively connected with the supporting ring and the catcher dish; the support ring is fixed between the upper wall of the assembly cavity and the upper wall of the buffer cavity, and the peripheral wall of the trapping vessel extends into the virtual cyclone cavity and is positioned below the horizontal inner wall.
In order to be firmly fixed and ensure air tightness, a second sealing ring is further arranged between the supporting ring and the peripheral wall of the assembled cavity. Preferably, the thickness of the second sealing ring is equal to the thickness of the supporting ring and the supporting sheet.
Further, a second round corner is arranged at the upper end of the outer side of the peripheral wall of the trapping vessel.
The second rounded corners are also provided to reduce the deposition of particulates therein during the flow of the dusty gas stream, while reducing the difficulty of processing.
In order to collect the atmospheric particulates with different particle diameters, the steady flow cover in the middle-flow virtual cyclone sampler can be designed into a series of products, the diameters of the guide columns in the series of products are different, and after the steady flow covers with different specifications are fixed on the upper body of the sampler, circular air inlet channels with different sizes can be formed.
In one embodiment of the invention, when the flow rate is 27.5L/min and the cutting particle size of the sampler is 2.5 mu m, the diameter difference between the flow guide column and the cylindrical air inlet cavity is 1mm.
Based on the middle flow virtual cyclone sampler, the invention also provides a use method of the sampler, which comprises the following steps,
(S1) sequentially stacking and installing a steady flow cover, an upper body of a sampler, a catcher and a lower body of the sampler;
(S2) inserting a filter membrane clip into and connecting the filter membrane clip to the air outlet chamber;
and (S3) connecting an air inlet pipe of the air extractor with an air outlet of the filter membrane clamp.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the medium-flow virtual cyclone sampler provided by the invention can be used for sampling atmospheric particulate matters. The sampler has reasonable structure, low probability of collision between the particles and the wall surface, and can reduce or even avoid the separation and crushing of the particles, thereby reducing the influence on the physical properties of the particles and facilitating the subsequent analysis and detection. Because the weak stream containing large particles forms a vortex in the trap, these particles are difficult to entrain by the main stream out of the trap chamber, potentially overcoming particle re-suspension problems; in addition, the design of annular inlet channel and the whole cylindrical design reduce the processing degree of difficulty, are favorable to the application and the popularization of this sample thief, and cylindrical air-out chamber then can directly communicate with the pipeline of follow-up equipment, need not use the adapter.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a middle-flow virtual cyclone sampler according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a mid-flow virtual cyclone sampler according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a front view of the flow stabilizing cap of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a front view of the upper body of the sampler according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the invention at A in FIG. 5;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of the invention at B in FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a front view of the trap of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a top view of the trap of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a front cross-sectional view of the upper body of the sampler of the present invention with a support post and catcher mounted thereon;
FIG. 10 is an enlarged view of FIG. 9C in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a front view of a lower body of the sampler of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a performance test experiment flow of the middle-flow virtual cyclone sampler according to the present invention;
fig. 13 is a collection efficiency curve of example 1 when the inlet flow rate q=27.5L/min;
fig. 14 is a graph showing the trend of change in the removal efficiency of 2.5 μm for the continuous operation of example 1 for 4 hours at an inlet flow rate q=27.5L/min;
in the figure: a steady flow cover 1; a top cover 1.1; a second through hole 1.1.1; a second counter bore 1.1.2; a diversion column 1.2; a sampler upper body 2; a virtual cyclone chamber 2.1; a first arcuate inner wall 2.1.1; a horizontal inner wall 2.1.2; a second arcuate inner wall 2.1.3; 2.2 parts of cylindrical air inlet cavity; a first rounded corner 2.2.1; the outer edge is 2.3; a first through hole 2.3.1; a first counter bore 2.3.2; assembling a cavity 2.4; assembling a cavity 2.4.1; assembling a second cavity 2.4.2; 2.4.3 of internal thread; a catcher 3; a support ring 3.1; a trap 3.2; a second rounded corner 3.2.1; 3.3 parts of supporting sheets; a sampler lower body 4; the air outlet cavity is 4.1; a first outlet cavity 4.1.1; 4.1.2 parts of a second air outlet cavity; a catcher mounting table 4.2; an assembly groove 4.3; 4.3.1 external threads; a buffer chamber 4.4; buffering a chamber 4.4.1; buffer two cavities 4.4.2; a support column 5; a third through hole 5.1; a first seal ring 6; a second sealing ring 7.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the invention is, therefore, not to be taken in a limiting sense, but is made merely by way of example. While the invention will be described in further detail by means of specific examples.
Flow virtual cyclone sampler in example 1
The middle flow virtual cyclone sampler shown in fig. 1 and 2 comprises a steady flow cover 1, a sampler upper body 2 provided with a virtual cyclone cavity 2.1 and a cylindrical air inlet cavity 2.2, a catcher 3 and a sampler lower body 4. The sampler is of an integral cylindrical design, the steady flow cover 1 is fixed on the upper sampler body 2 through four support columns 5, a catcher 3 is arranged in the upper sampler body 2, and the lower sampler body 4 is connected with the upper sampler body 2 in a screwing mode.
As shown in fig. 1-3, the steady flow cover 1 consists of a round top cover 1.1 and a flow guiding column 1.2 positioned in the middle of the top cover 1.1. Four second through holes 1.1.1 are uniformly formed in the top cover 1.1, the center points of the four through holes 1.1.1 are located on the same circumference, and the four through holes 1.1.1 are combined with a second counter bore 1.1.2 for being clamped into the upper end of the support column 5. The guide post 1.2 is a cylinder with the diameter of 9mm, a rounded corner is arranged at the joint of the guide post 1.2 and the top cover 1.1, and the guide post 1.2 is inserted into the upper body 1 of the sampler but is not contacted with the inner wall of the upper body 1 of the sampler during assembly.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the upper body 2 of the sampler is provided with a cylindrical air inlet cavity 2.2 with the diameter of 10mm, the upper end of the cylindrical air inlet cavity 2.2 extends to the outer periphery to form an outer edge 2.3, and the joint of the outer edge 2.3 cylindrical air inlet cavity 2.2 (i.e. the inlet of the cylindrical air inlet cavity 2.2) is provided with a first rounding corner 2.2.1. Four first through holes 2.3.1 are uniformly formed in the outer edge 2.3, the center points of the four first through holes 2.3.1 are located on the same circumference, and the four first through holes 2.3.1 are combined with a first counter bore 2.3.2 for being clamped with the lower end of the support column 5.
As shown in fig. 2 and 9, the support column 5 is provided with a third through hole 5.1 in order to cooperate with the assembly of the steady flow cap 1 and the upper body 2 of the sampler. During assembly, the lower end of the support column 5 is bonded into the first counter bore 2.3.2 by using cyclopropane resin, then the upper end of the support column 5 is embedded into the second counter bore 1.1.2, and finally a bolt sequentially passes through the first through hole 2.3.1, the third through hole 5.1 and the second through hole 1.1.1 or sequentially passes through the second through hole 1.1.1, the third through hole 5.1 and the first through hole 2.3.1 and is screwed and fixed by using a nut. After the steady flow cover 1 and the sampler upper body 2 are assembled, the flow guide column 1.2 is positioned in the cylindrical air inlet cavity 1.2 and forms an annular air inlet channel with the cylindrical air inlet cavity 1.2. The lower end of the flow guide column 1.2 is flush with the lower end of the cylindrical air inlet cavity 1.2.
As shown in fig. 4 and 6, the upper body 2 of the sampler is further provided with a virtual cyclone chamber 2.1 with the upper end connected with the lower end of the cylindrical air inlet chamber 2.2, and an assembly chamber 2.4 with the upper end connected with the lower end of the virtual cyclone chamber 2.1. The virtual cyclone cavity 2.1 is composed of a first arc-shaped inner wall 2.1.1, a horizontal inner wall 2.1.2 and a second arc-shaped inner wall 2.1.3 which are sequentially connected, the diameters of the first arc-shaped inner wall 2.1.1 and the second arc-shaped inner wall 2.1.3 are 5mm, the bending angles are 90 degrees, the first arc-shaped inner wall 2.1.1 protrudes downwards left and faces the catcher 3, and the second arc-shaped inner wall 2.1.3 protrudes upwards right. The assembling cavity 2.4 can be divided into an assembling first cavity 2.4.1 for assembling with the catcher 3 and an assembling second cavity 2.4.2 for assembling with the lower body 4 of the sampler; the upper wall of the first assembling cavity 2.4.1 is formed by extending the lower end of the virtual cyclone cavity 2.1 to the periphery, the lower end of the peripheral wall of the first assembling cavity 2.4.1 is connected with the upper end of the peripheral wall of the second assembling cavity 2.4.2, and the peripheral wall of the second assembling cavity 2.4.2 is provided with an internal thread 2.4.3.
As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the catcher 3 includes a supporting ring 3.1, a catcher 3.2 with a second rounded corner 3.2.1 at the upper end outside the peripheral wall, the catcher 3.2 is located in the middle of the supporting ring 3.1, the catcher 3.2 is connected with the supporting ring 3.1 through three supporting pieces 3.3, the three supporting pieces 3.3 are in a biconcave structure and are uniformly distributed, and a hollow structure is formed between every two supporting pieces 3.3 for air flow. In this embodiment, the thickness of the three support plates 3.3 is the same as the thickness of the support ring 3.1.
As shown in fig. 9 and 10, the assembled trap 3 is located in the upper body 2 of the sampler, wherein the support ring 3.1 and the support sheet 3.3 are located in the assembled chamber 2.4.1, the peripheral wall of the trap 3.2 extends into the virtual cyclone chamber 2.1 and is located below the horizontal inner wall 2.1.2, and the second rounded corner 3.2.1 is opposite to the second curved inner wall 2.1.3. In order to ensure air tightness, the outer side of the supporting ring 3.1 is fixed by a second sealing ring 7, and the thickness of the second sealing ring 7 is equal to that of the supporting ring 3.1.
For limiting the catcher 3 from below the catcher 3, the lower body 4 of the sampler as shown in fig. 11 is provided with a catcher supporting table 4.2, and the supporting ring 3.1 and the second sealing ring 7 are both positioned in a cavity formed by the catcher supporting table 4.2 and the upper wall of the assembling cavity 2.4.1. In order to cooperate with the installation of the sampler upper body 2, the sampler lower body 4 is also provided with an assembly groove 4.3, the assembly groove 4.3 is arranged on the periphery of the upper part of the sampler lower body 4, and the peripheral wall of the assembly groove 4.3 is provided with an external thread 4.3.1 for screwing with the internal thread 2.4.3.
As shown in fig. 11, the interior of the lower sampler body 4 is composed of a buffer cavity 4.4 and an air outlet cavity 4.1. The buffer cavity 4.4 comprises a buffer cavity 4.4.1 and a buffer cavity 4.4.2, the buffer cavity 4.4.1 is of a cylindrical structure, the buffer cavity 4.4.2 is of a truncated cone-shaped structure with a big upper part and a small lower part, the upper end of the buffer cavity is connected with the upper end of the buffer cavity 4.4.1, and the lower end of the buffer cavity is connected with the air outlet cavity 4.1. The air outlet cavity 4.1 comprises an air outlet cavity 4.1.1 and an air outlet cavity 4.1.2 which are both in cylindrical structures, the inner diameter of the air outlet cavity 4.1.1 is slightly smaller than that of the air outlet cavity 4.1.2, and two first sealing rings 6 are vertically arranged in the air outlet cavity 4.1.2.
When the flow stabilizing cover is used, the flow stabilizing cover 1, the upper sampler body 2, the catcher 3 and the lower sampler body 4 are sequentially stacked, and the flow stabilizing cover 1 and the upper sampler body 2 are supported through the supporting columns 5. A commercially available filter membrane clip is inserted into the two air outlet cavities 4.1.2 of the air outlet cavity 4.1. After the air inlet pipe of the air extractor is connected with the air outlet of the filter membrane clamp, the air extractor starts to work, and gas enters the sampler through an annular air inlet channel formed by the guide column 1.2 and the cylindrical air inlet cavity 2.1. After entering the virtual cyclone cavity 2.1, particles with larger particle sizes keep the original movement direction due to the inertia effect and are trapped in the trapping vessel 3.2; particles with smaller particle sizes pass through the buffer cavity 4.4 along with the change of the airflow direction and are finally collected on the filter membrane of the filter membrane clamp, so that graded sampling is realized.
Example 2 sampler Performance test experiment：
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a performance test experimental procedure of the present invention. In the experiment, clean (99.999%) high-purity nitrogen is taken as a carrier gas source, the nitrogen is sprayed out through an aerosol generator at a certain pressure and flow, an isopropanol solution containing standard PSL particles with single particle size is oscillated and broken into a plurality of tiny liquid drops, and then isopropanol and moisture in air flow carrying aerosol particles are removed through a heating and drying pipe, so that monodisperse aerosol particles are formed. The dried standard particles are fully diluted and evenly mixed in a dilution buffer bottle (the dilution gas is clean air filtered by a Pall-12144 type HEPA filter), and then the gas carrying the particles enters a sampling test box. When the efficiency test of the sampler is carried out, the aerosol particle size spectrometer is used for respectively measuring the concentration of the particles at the upper and the lower stream of the sampler, and then the two values are divided to obtain the penetration rate of the particles of the sampler. The entire system is powered by a vacuum pump.
Fig. 13 is a collection efficiency curve of example 1 when the inlet flow rate q=27.5L/min. From this efficiency curve, it can be inferred that the cut particle diameter of the medium flow virtual cyclone sampler described in example 1 was 2.5 μm at an inlet flow rate q=27.5L/min.
Fig. 14 is a graph showing the trend of the inlet flow rate q=27.5L/min, and the continuous operation of example 1 for 4 hours, with respect to the particulate matter removal efficiency of 2.5 μm. From the figure, it can be seen that the middle-flow virtual cyclone sampler described in embodiment 1 has stable working efficiency and can perform long-time sampling.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a virtual whirlwind sample thief of middle flow which characterized in that: the novel flow stabilizing device comprises a flow stabilizing cover (1) composed of a top cover (1.1) and a flow guiding column (1.2), a sampler upper body (2) provided with a virtual cyclone cavity (2.1), a catcher (3) positioned in the sampler upper body (2) and a sampler lower body (4) provided with an air outlet cavity (4.1), wherein the flow stabilizing cover (1), the sampler upper body (2), the catcher (3) and the sampler lower body (4) are sequentially stacked and detachably connected;
the sampler upper body (2) is also provided with a cylindrical air inlet cavity (2.2) for inserting a guide post (1.2), the guide post (1.2) is matched with the cylindrical air inlet cavity (2.2) to form a circular air inlet channel, the upper end of the cylindrical air inlet cavity (2.2) extends to the periphery to form an outer edge (2.3), and a plurality of support columns (5) for supporting the top cover (1.1) are arranged on the outer edge (2.3);
the lower part of the sampler upper body (2) is also provided with an assembling cavity (2.4), and the assembling cavity (2.4) comprises an assembling first cavity (2.4.1) for being assembled with the catcher (3) and an assembling second cavity (2.4.2) for being assembled with the sampler lower body (4); the upper wall of the first assembling cavity (2.4.1) is formed by extending the lower end of the virtual cyclone cavity (2.1) to the periphery, the lower end of the peripheral wall of the first assembling cavity (2.4.1) is connected with the upper end of the peripheral wall of the second assembling cavity (2.4.2), and the peripheral wall of the second assembling cavity (2.4.2) is provided with internal threads (2.4.3);
the top end surface of the sampler lower body (4) is provided with a catcher supporting table (4.2), the periphery of the upper part of the sampler lower body (4) is provided with an assembling groove (4.3), and the peripheral wall of the assembling groove (4.3) is provided with an external thread (4.3.1) for screwing with the internal thread (2.4.3);
the lower body (4) of the sampler is also provided with a buffer cavity (4.4), and the buffer cavity (4.4) comprises a buffer first cavity (4.4.1) with a cylindrical structure and a buffer second cavity (4.4.2) with a circular truncated cone structure; the lower end of the buffer two cavities (4.4.2) is connected with the upper end of the air outlet cavity (4.1);
the air outlet cavity (4.1) comprises an air outlet first cavity (4.1.1) and an air outlet second cavity (4.1.2) which are both in a cylindrical structure; the inner diameter of the first air outlet cavity (4.1.1) is smaller than that of the second air outlet cavity (4.1.2), and a plurality of first sealing rings (6) for clamping a fixed filter membrane are vertically arranged in the second air outlet cavity (4.1.2);
the catcher (3) comprises a supporting ring (3.1), a catcher dish (3.2) positioned in the supporting ring (3.1) and a plurality of supporting sheets (3.3) with two ends respectively connected with the supporting ring (3.1) and the catcher dish (3.2); the support ring (3.1) is positioned in a cavity formed by the trap bracket (4.2) and the upper wall of the assembly cavity (2.4.1), and the peripheral wall of the trap (3.2) extends into the virtual cyclone cavity (2.1) and is positioned below the horizontal inner wall (2.1.2);
a second sealing ring (6) is arranged between the supporting ring (3.1) and the peripheral wall of the assembly cavity (2.4.1).
2. The medium flow virtual cyclone sampler of claim 1, wherein: the virtual cyclone cavity (2.1) consists of a first arc-shaped inner wall (2.1.1), a horizontal inner wall (2.1.2) and a second arc-shaped inner wall (2.1.3) which are connected in sequence; the upper end of the first arc-shaped inner wall (2.1.1) is connected with the lower end of the cylindrical air inlet cavity (2.2), the first arc-shaped inner wall (2.1.1) protrudes towards the catcher (3), and the protruding direction of the second arc-shaped inner wall (2.1.3) is opposite to that of the first arc-shaped inner wall (2.1.1).
3. The medium flow virtual cyclone sampler of claim 2, wherein: the bending angles of the first arc-shaped inner wall (2.1.1) and the second arc-shaped inner wall (2.1.3) are 90 degrees.
4. A medium flow virtual cyclone sampler as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the inlet of the cylindrical air inlet cavity (2.2) is provided with a first round corner (2.2.1).
5. The medium flow virtual cyclone sampler as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the outer edge (2.3) is provided with a first through hole (2.3.1) corresponding to the lower end of the support column (5), the top cover (1.1) is provided with a second through hole (1.1.1) corresponding to the upper end of the support column (5), and the support column (5) is provided with a third through hole (5.1); the top cover (1.1) is fixed on the support column (5) through bolts and nuts, and the bolts penetrate through the first through holes (2.3.1), the third through holes (5.1) and the second through holes (1.1.1).
6. The medium flow virtual cyclone sampler as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the first through holes (2.3.1) are combined with first counter bores (2.3.2) with upward openings, and the lower ends of the support columns (5) are located in the first counter bores (2.3.2).
7. The medium flow virtual cyclone sampler as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the second through holes (1.1.1) are combined with second counter bores (1.1.2) with downward openings, and the upper ends of the support columns (5) are located in the second counter bores (1.1.2).
8. The medium flow virtual cyclone sampler of claim 1, wherein: the upper end of the outer side of the peripheral wall of the trapping vessel (3.2) is provided with a second round corner (3.2.1).
9. The medium flow virtual cyclone sampler as claimed in claim 8, wherein: when the flow is 27.5L/min and the cutting particle size of the sampler is 2.5 mu m, the diameter difference between the flow guide column (1.2) and the cylindrical air inlet cavity (2.2) is 1mm.
10. The method for using the medium flow virtual cyclone sampler as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein: comprises the following procedures of the method,
(S1) sequentially stacking and installing a steady flow cover (1), a sampler upper body (2), a catcher (3) and a sampler lower body (4);
(S2) inserting and connecting the filter membrane clamp into the air outlet cavity (4.1);
and (S3) connecting an air inlet pipe of the air extractor with an air outlet of the filter membrane clamp.
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