CN108760114B - Method and device for measuring rail force of railway track wheel - Google Patents

Abstract

The application provides a method and a device for measuring rail force of a railway track wheel, wherein the method for measuring the rail force of the railway track wheel comprises the following steps: acquiring first wheel track measurement data, second wheel track measurement data and third wheel track measurement data respectively acquired by a first fiber bragg grating sensor, a second fiber bragg grating sensor and a third fiber bragg grating sensor when a train passes through a railway track to be tested; acquiring a first wheel track correction strain and a second wheel track correction strain according to the first, second and third wheel track measurement data; and calculating the transverse force and the longitudinal force of the wheel track applied to the railway track to be tested when the train passes through the railway track to be tested according to the first and second wheel track correction strains and the relation between the first and second correction strains and the transverse force and the longitudinal force respectively acquired in advance. The method and the device can improve the accuracy and stability of monitoring the rail force of the rail wheel, and break through the bottleneck that the conventional testing means cannot realize long-term dynamic monitoring of the rail force of the rail wheel.

Description

A method and device for measuring wheel-rail force on railway tracks

Technical field

The present application relates to the technical field of railway engineering monitoring methods, and in particular to a method and device for measuring railway track wheel-rail force.

Background technique

As the operating speed of high-speed railways continues to increase, the interaction between vehicles and tracks becomes more and more intense, posing huge challenges to the safety of train operations. Therefore, long-term monitoring of wheel-rail interaction is of great significance to ensure the safety of railway operations and improve the long-term service performance of the track system. The safety monitoring of wheel-rail interaction is ultimately the real-time capture of wheel-rail vertical and lateral forces.

The applicant found in the research that in the existing technology, the test of wheel-rail force is divided into vehicle-mounted testing and ground testing. On-board testing is usually completed based on a special force-measuring wheel pair, which can achieve high measurement accuracy. However, its testing cost is high, and it can only be used to detect the periodic track wheel-rail interaction relationship, which is difficult to meet the requirements of all-weather safe service status monitoring of high-speed railways. needs. Ground testing generally involves pasting resistive strain gauges on the rails and using strain bridges to calculate dynamic wheel-rail forces. This method can still ensure high accuracy in short-term testing, but due to the limitations of waterproof, anti-electromagnetic interference, and Insufficient performance in terms of high temperature resistance and corrosion resistance will inevitably produce coarse noise and baseline drift during long-term operation, seriously affecting the stability and reliability of long-term monitoring.

Contents of the invention

In view of this, the purpose of this application is to provide a method and device for measuring the wheel-rail force of a railway track to improve the accuracy and stability of track wheel-rail force monitoring, realize dynamic monitoring of the wheel-rail force, and contribute to the safety and stability of trains. Provide reliable operation.

In a first aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a railway track wheel-rail force measurement method, which method is applied to a railway track wheel-rail force measurement device including a first fiber grating sensor, a second fiber grating sensor, and a third fiber grating sensor. , wherein the first fiber Bragg grating sensor is used to be installed on the rail waist of the railway track to be measured; the second fiber Bragg grating sensor is used to be installed on the upper corner of the rail bottom of the railway track to be measured; and the third fiber Bragg grating sensor is used to install At the center of the rail base of the railway track to be tested, the method includes:

Obtaining the first round of track measurement data, the second round of track measurement data and the third round of track measurement respectively obtained by the first fiber grating sensor, the second fiber grating sensor and the third fiber grating sensor when the train passes the railway track to be measured. data;

According to the first round of track measurement data, the second round of track measurement data and the third round of track measurement data, obtain the first round of track correction strain and the second round of track correction strain;

According to the first-round track correction strain, the second-round track correction strain, and the relationship between the pre-obtained first correction strain, the second correction strain and the transverse force and the longitudinal force respectively, the train is calculated when passing The wheel track transverse force and the wheel track longitudinal force applied to the railway track to be tested are the wheel track transverse force and the wheel track longitudinal force.

Combined with the first aspect, the embodiment of the present application provides a first possible implementation of the first aspect, wherein: the linear relationship between the first corrected strain, the second corrected strain and the transverse force and the longitudinal force respectively is obtained by the following method. relation:

Acquire multiple sets of target measurement data obtained by the first fiber grating sensor, the second fiber grating sensor, and the third fiber grating sensor when they respectively apply different sizes of target transverse forces and different sizes of target longitudinal forces to the railway track to be measured; each group The target measurement data includes; first target measurement data, second target measurement data and third target measurement data;

For each group of the target measurement data, obtain the first target correction strain according to the first target measurement data and the second target measurement data; and obtain according to the first target measurement data and the third target measurement data. Second target correction strain;

According to the first target corrected strain, the second target corrected strain corresponding to all target measurement data, and the corresponding relationship between the target transverse force size and the target longitudinal force size, the first corrected strain, The second modified strain is linearly related to the transverse force and the longitudinal force respectively.

In conjunction with the first possible implementation of the first aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a second possible implementation of the first aspect, wherein: the first target correction strain corresponding to all target measurement data, The second target corrected strain, and the corresponding relationship between the target transverse force and the target longitudinal force, obtain the linear relationship between the first corrected strain, the second corrected strain and the transverse force and the longitudinal force respectively. Relationships, specifically including:

According to the pre-established linear relationship formulas between the first correction strain, the second correction strain and the transverse force and the longitudinal force respectively, for the first target correction strain and the second target correction strain corresponding to all target measurement data, And the corresponding target transverse force and the target longitudinal force are linearly fitted to obtain the linear relationship between the first corrected strain, the second corrected strain and the transverse force and the longitudinal force respectively.

In combination with the second possible implementation of the first aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a third possible implementation of the first aspect, wherein: the first correction strain and the second correction strain are respectively related to the transverse force and the longitudinal force. The linear relationship formula between forces satisfies the following formula (1):

(1)

Among them: ε′ ₂ represents the first modified strain; ε′ ₃ represents the second modified strain; F _v represents the longitudinal force; F _l represents the transverse force; A, B, and C are all fitting parameters.

In conjunction with the first possible implementation of the first aspect, the embodiment of the present application provides a fourth possible implementation of the first aspect, wherein: the acquisition of the first fiber grating sensor, the second fiber grating sensor and the third Multiple sets of target measurement data obtained by the fiber Bragg grating sensor when applying different sizes of target lateral force and different sizes of target longitudinal force to the railway track to be measured, specifically including:

Applying target lateral forces or target longitudinal forces of different sizes to the railway track to be tested;

Each time a target lateral force or a target longitudinal force is applied to the railway track to be measured, the first fiber grating sensor performs sampling according to the preset first sampling frequency to obtain the first data under sampling, and the sampled The mean value of the first data below is used as the first target measurement data;

And the second fiber Bragg grating sensor and the third fiber Bragg grating sensor perform synchronous sampling according to a preset second sampling frequency to obtain the second data and the third data under multiple sampling;

Obtain the mean value of the second data under multiple samplings, and use the mean value of the second data under multiple samplings as the second target measurement data;

and obtaining the mean value of the third data under multiple samplings, and using the mean value of the third data under multiple samplings as the third target measurement data.

In a second aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a railway track wheel-rail force measuring device, which is applied to a railway track wheel-rail force measuring device including a first fiber grating sensor, a second fiber grating sensor, and a third fiber grating sensor, Among them, the first fiber grating sensor is used to be installed on the rail waist of the railway track to be measured; the second fiber grating sensor is used to be installed on the upper corner of the rail bottom of the railway track to be measured; and the third fiber Bragg grating sensor is used to be installed on the track waist of the railway track to be measured. To measure the center of the rail bottom of railway tracks, the device includes:

An acquisition module for acquiring the first round of track measurement data, the second round of track measurement data respectively acquired by the first fiber grating sensor, the second fiber grating sensor and the third fiber grating sensor when the train passes through the railway track to be measured. Third round of track measurement data;

The first calculation module is used to obtain the first round of track correction strain and the second round of track correction strain based on the first round of track measurement data, the second round of track measurement data and the third round of track measurement data;

The second calculation module is used to calculate the first wheel track correction strain, the second wheel track correction strain, and the relationship between the pre-acquired first correction strain, the second correction strain and the transverse force and the longitudinal force respectively. , calculate the wheel track transverse force and wheel track longitudinal force exerted on the railway track to be measured when the train passes through the railway track to be measured.

Combined with the second aspect, the embodiment of the present application provides a first possible implementation manner of the second aspect. The device further includes: a linear relationship acquisition module;

The linear relationship acquisition module is used to obtain the linear relationship between the first corrected strain, the second corrected strain and the transverse force and the longitudinal force respectively through the following method:

Acquire multiple sets of target measurement data obtained by the first fiber grating sensor, the second fiber grating sensor, and the third fiber grating sensor when they respectively apply different sizes of target transverse forces and different sizes of target longitudinal forces to the railway track to be measured; each group The target measurement data includes; first target measurement data, second target measurement data and third target measurement data;

For each group of the target measurement data, obtain the first target correction strain according to the first target measurement data and the second target measurement data; and obtain according to the first target measurement data and the third target measurement data. Second target correction strain;

According to the first target corrected strain, the second target corrected strain corresponding to all target measurement data, and the corresponding relationship between the target transverse force size and the target longitudinal force size, the first corrected strain, The second modified strain is linearly related to the transverse force and the longitudinal force respectively.

In combination with the first possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the embodiment of the present application provides the second possible implementation manner of the second aspect, wherein: the linear relationship acquisition module is specifically configured to perform the following steps according to all objectives: The first target corrected strain, the second target corrected strain corresponding to the measurement data, and the corresponding relationship between the target transverse force and the target longitudinal force are obtained to obtain the first corrected strain and the second corrected strain. The linear relationship between strain and transverse force and longitudinal force respectively:

According to the pre-established linear relationship formulas between the first correction strain, the second correction strain and the transverse force and the longitudinal force respectively, for the first target correction strain and the second target correction strain corresponding to all target measurement data, And the corresponding target transverse force and the target longitudinal force are linearly fitted to obtain the linear relationship between the first corrected strain, the second corrected strain and the transverse force and the longitudinal force respectively.

In combination with the second possible implementation of the second aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a third possible implementation of the second aspect, wherein: the first correction strain and the second correction strain are respectively related to the transverse force and the longitudinal force. The linear relationship formula between forces satisfies the following formula (1):

(1)

Among them: ε′ ₂ represents the first modified strain; ε′ ₃ represents the second modified strain; F _v represents the longitudinal force; F _l represents the transverse force; A, B, and C are all fitting parameters.

In conjunction with the second aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a fourth possible implementation of the second aspect, wherein: the linear relationship acquisition module is specifically configured to acquire the first fiber grating sensor, the second fiber grating through the following steps Multiple sets of target measurement data obtained by the sensor and the third fiber grating sensor when applying different sizes of target lateral force and different sizes of target longitudinal force to the railway track to be measured:

When applying target lateral forces or target longitudinal forces of different sizes to the railway track to be measured, the first fiber grating sensor performs sampling according to the preset first sampling frequency to obtain the first data under sampling, and then The mean value of the first data under the sampling is used as the first target measurement data;

And the second fiber Bragg grating sensor and the third fiber Bragg grating sensor perform synchronous sampling according to a preset second sampling frequency to obtain the second data and the third data under multiple sampling;

Obtain the mean value of the second data under multiple samplings, and use the mean value of the second data under multiple samplings as the second target measurement data;

and obtaining the mean value of the third data under multiple samplings, and using the mean value of the third data under multiple samplings as the third target measurement data.

The method and device for measuring railway track wheel-rail force provided in the embodiments of this application use fiber grating sensors as the main components of measurement; fiber grating sensors have the advantages of high detection sensitivity, high precision, long life, long-term stability, etc., and respectively The first fiber Bragg grating sensor is used to be installed on the rail waist of the railway track to be measured; the second fiber Bragg grating sensor is used to be installed on the upper corner of the rail bottom of the railway track to be measured; and the third fiber Bragg grating sensor is used to be installed on the railway track to be measured. The center of the rail base. When performing measurements, the first round of track measurement data and the second round of track measurement data respectively obtained by the first fiber grating sensor, the second fiber grating sensor and the third fiber grating sensor when the train passes through the railway track to be measured must be obtained. and the third round of track measurement data; and then obtain the first round of track correction strain and the second round of track correction strain based on the first, second, and third round of track measurement data; based on the first and second round of track correction strain, and The relationship between the pre-obtained first and second corrected strains and the lateral force and longitudinal force respectively is used to calculate the lateral force and longitudinal force of the wheel track exerted on the railway track to be tested when the train passes through the railway track to be tested. Using this railway track wheel-rail force measurement method can improve the accuracy and stability of track wheel-rail force monitoring and achieve long-term dynamic monitoring of wheel-rail force.

In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and understandable, preferred embodiments are given below and described in detail with reference to the attached drawings.

Description of the drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present application and therefore do not It should be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without exerting creative efforts.

Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of the installation of the first fiber grating sensor, the second fiber grating sensor and the third fiber grating sensor in the railway track wheel-rail force measurement device provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;

Figure 2 shows a schematic connection diagram of the railway track wheel-rail force measuring device provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;

Figure 3 shows a schematic diagram of a railway track wheel-rail force measurement system provided by an embodiment of the present application;

Figure 4 shows a schematic structural diagram of a protective shell provided outside the first fiber Bragg grating sensor, the second fiber Bragg grating sensor and the third fiber Bragg grating sensor according to the embodiment of the present application;

Figure 5 shows a flow chart of a railway track wheel-rail force measurement method provided in Embodiment 2 of the present application;

Figure 6 shows a flow chart of a specific method for obtaining the relationship between the first correction strain, the second correction strain and the transverse force and the longitudinal force respectively according to the embodiment of the present application;

Figure 7 shows the first target corrected strain, the second target corrected strain corresponding to all target measurement data provided in Embodiment 3 of the present application, and the relationship between the target lateral force size and the target longitudinal direction. The corresponding relationship between the force magnitudes, and the flow chart of the specific method of obtaining the linear relationship between the first corrected strain, the second corrected strain and the transverse force and the longitudinal force respectively;

Figure 8 shows a schematic diagram of the composition of a railway track wheel-rail force measuring device provided in Embodiment 4 of the present application;

Figure 9 shows a schematic structural diagram of a computer device provided in Embodiment 5 of the present application.

Illustration: processor 10, fiber grating regulator 20, railway track to be measured 30, waterproof layer 40, protective shell 50;

The first fiber Bragg grating sensor FBG1, the second fiber Bragg grating sensor FBG2, and the third fiber Bragg grating sensor FBG3.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only These are part of the embodiments of this application, but not all of them. The components of the embodiments of the present application generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a variety of different configurations. Accordingly, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the application provided in the appended drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but rather to represent selected embodiments of the application. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative work shall fall within the scope of protection of this application.

Currently, wheel-rail force testing is divided into vehicle-mounted testing and ground testing. On-board testing is usually completed based on a special force-measuring wheel pair, which can achieve high measurement accuracy. However, its testing cost is high, and it can only be used to detect the periodic track wheel-rail interaction relationship, which is difficult to meet the requirements of all-weather safe service status monitoring of high-speed railways. needs. Ground testing generally involves pasting resistive strain gauges on the rails and using strain bridges to calculate dynamic wheel-rail forces. This method can still ensure high accuracy in short-term testing, but due to the limitations of waterproof, anti-electromagnetic interference, and Insufficient performance in terms of high temperature resistance and corrosion resistance will inevitably produce coarse noise and baseline drift under long-term operation, which seriously affects the stability and reliability of long-term monitoring. Based on this, a railway track wheel provided by this application The rail force measurement method and device can realize the measurement of railway track wheel and rail force by using fiber Bragg grating sensors, which can improve the accuracy and stability of track wheel and rail force monitoring, realize the dynamic monitoring of wheel and rail force, and contribute to the safety and security of trains. Provide reliable guarantee for smooth operation.

In order to facilitate understanding of this embodiment, first a detailed introduction to a railway track wheel-rail force measuring device disclosed in the embodiment of the present application is given. This railway track wheel-rail force measuring device has two specific functions:

(1) is used to establish the corresponding relationship between railway track strain and railway track wheel-rail force; here, since the railway track wheel-rail force can usually be decomposed into a horizontal transverse force and a vertical downward longitudinal force, therefore, in order to pass the railway The relationship between track strain, transverse force, and longitudinal force represents the corresponding relationship between railway track strain and railway track wheel-rail force.

Here, the corresponding relationship between the railway track strain and the railway track wheel-rail force is established by applying different lateral forces and longitudinal forces of different sizes to the railway track respectively, and based on the applied longitudinal force and lateral force, and in Corresponding to the strain of the railway track when applying force, the corresponding relationship between the railway track strain and the railway track wheel-rail force is obtained by calibrating; the calibration process can be carried out in a simulation scenario, that is, for the railway to be tested installed on the simulated site The track can be calibrated; it can also be calibrated on site, that is, it can be calibrated directly on the railway track that has been installed on the railway and is actually going to be put into operation or has been put into operation.

When the calibration process is carried out in a simulation scenario, the specifications, materials, and processes of the railway track to be measured are consistent with the specifications, materials, and processes of the railway track to be measured. At the same time, the wheel-rail force of the railway track used for calibration is The measuring device is also consistent with the measuring device used to measure the wheel-rail force of railway tracks.

When the calibration process is carried out on site, after the corresponding relationship between the railway track strain and the railway track wheel and rail force is established, the railway track wheel and rail force measuring device used in the calibration process does not need to be replaced after the calibration is completed. It was disassembled and used directly to measure the wheel-rail force of the railway track to be tested during actual operation.

(2) It is used to install in the railway track to be tested that is actually put into operation to measure the wheel-rail force of the railway track to be tested.

Referring to Figures 1 and 2, the railway track wheel-rail force measurement device provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application includes a first fiber Bragg grating sensor FBG1, a second fiber Bragg grating sensor FBG2, a third fiber Bragg grating sensor FBG3, and a processor 10.

The first fiber grating sensor FBG1, the second fiber grating sensor FBG2, and the third fiber grating sensor FBG3 are all connected to the processor connection 10;

Wherein, the first fiber grating sensor is used to be installed on the rail waist of the railway track to be measured; the second fiber grating sensor is used to be installed on the upper corner of the rail bottom of the railway track to be measured; and the third fiber grating sensor is used to be installed At the center of the rail base of the railway track to be measured.

The processor is configured to obtain measurements based on the first fiber Bragg grating sensor, the second fiber Bragg grating sensor, and the third fiber Bragg grating sensor when they respectively apply target transverse forces of different sizes and target longitudinal forces of different sizes to the railway track to be measured. data to establish the relationship between the first corrected strain, the second corrected strain and the transverse force and longitudinal force respectively, or

According to the measurement data obtained by the first fiber Bragg grating sensor, the second fiber Bragg grating sensor and the third fiber Bragg grating sensor when the train passes through the railway track to be measured, and the established first corrected strain and second corrected strain respectively correspond to the lateral force The relationship between the longitudinal force and the wheel-rail force of the railway track to be measured is calculated.

In addition, as shown in Figure 2, in the railway track wheel-rail force measurement device provided by the embodiment of the present application, the processor 10 and the first fiber grating sensor FBG1, the second fiber grating sensor FBG2, the third fiber A fiber grating regulator 20 is respectively connected between the grating sensors FBG3;

The fiber grating modulator is used to respectively convert the measurement data transmitted by the first fiber grating sensor, the second fiber grating sensor, and the third fiber grating sensor from optical signals into electrical signals, and convert the electrical signals into electrical signals. The signal is sent to the processor.

The embodiment of this application uses a fiber Bragg grating sensor as the main component for measuring wheel-rail force; the fiber Bragg grating sensor has the advantages of high detection sensitivity, high precision, long life, long-term stability, etc., and the first fiber Bragg grating sensor is used to be installed on the railway to be measured The track rail waist; the second fiber optic grating sensor is used to be installed at the upper corner of the rail bottom of the railway track to be measured; and the third fiber optic grating sensor is used to be installed at the center of the rail bottom of the railway track to be measured. When measuring, the processor can calculate the time when the train passes through the railway track to be measured based on the measurement data respectively obtained by the first fiber grating sensor, the second fiber grating sensor and the third fiber grating sensor when the train passes through the railway track to be measured. The wheel track transverse and longitudinal forces exerted on the railway track to be tested. Using this railway track wheel-rail force measurement device can improve the accuracy and stability of track wheel-rail force monitoring and achieve long-term dynamic monitoring of wheel-rail force.

In addition, as shown in Figures 1 to 3, embodiments of the present application also provide a railway track wheel-rail force measurement system, which includes: the railway track wheel-rail force measurement device as in the above embodiment, and further includes: a railway track to be measured 30;

Among them, the first fiber Bragg grating sensor FBG1 is installed on the rail waist of the railway track 30 to be measured; the second fiber Bragg grating sensor FBG2 is installed on the upper corner of the rail bottom of the railway track 30 to be measured; and the third fiber Bragg grating sensor FBG3 is installed on the railway track 30 to be measured. The center of the rail bottom of the railway track 30 to be tested.

For accurate measurement, the first fiber Bragg grating sensor FBG1, the second fiber Bragg grating sensor FBG2, and the third fiber Bragg grating sensor FBG3 are all installed in the middle of a railway track 30 to be measured, and the first fiber Bragg grating sensor FBG1 The plane where the midpoints of the second fiber Bragg grating sensor FBG2 and the third fiber Bragg grating sensor FBG3 are located is parallel to the longitudinal section of the railway track 30 to be measured that is perpendicular to the axis of the railway track 30 to be measured.

When installing the first fiber grating sensor FBG1, the second fiber grating sensor FBG2, and the third fiber grating sensor FBG3 on the railway track to be measured, the location of the railway track to be measured to be installed for each sensor must first be selected and Polish the surface of the railway track to be measured, and paste the sensor on the polished part of the railway track to be measured, so that the first fiber grating sensor FBG1, the second fiber grating sensor FBG2, the third fiber Bragg grating sensor FBG3 and the surface of the railway track to be measured are The whole is glued and fixed.

Optionally, since after the sensor is pasted on the railway track to be measured and polished, the glue used ages with external natural conditions and loses its viscosity. Therefore, in order to realize the first fiber grating sensor FBG1 and the second To firmly stick the fiber Bragg grating sensor FBG2 and the third fiber grating sensor FBG3, both ends of the first fiber grating sensor, the second fiber grating sensor and the third fiber grating sensor must be connected to the Surface welding of railway tracks to be tested.

In addition, since the welding points of the first fiber Bragg grating sensor, the second fiber Bragg grating sensor and the third fiber Bragg grating sensor and the railway track to be measured are easily oxidized by external rain and air, as shown in Figure 3, it is also possible to A waterproof layer 40 is also provided outside the portion where both ends of the first fiber Bragg grating sensor, the second fiber Bragg grating sensor and the third fiber Bragg grating sensor are welded to the surface of the railway track to be measured.

In this application, as shown in Figure 1, the first fiber grating sensor FBG1 is used to be installed on the rail waist of the railway track to be measured; the second fiber grating sensor FBG2 is used to be installed on the upper corner of the rail bottom of the railway track to be measured; The third fiber grating sensor FBG3 is used to be installed at the center of the rail bottom of the railway track to be measured.

During installation, the extension direction of the axis of the fiber core of the first fiber Bragg grating sensor FBG1, the second fiber Bragg grating sensor FBG2, and the third fiber Bragg grating sensor FBG3 is consistent with the extension direction of the axis of the installed railway track to be measured. consistent.

Specifically, since there will be a certain error in the installation position during the actual installation process, the rail waist of the railway track to be tested is generally regarded as the rail waist of the railway track to be tested within a certain range; the center of the rail bottom of the railway track to be tested is certain. The range is regarded as the rail bottom of the railway track to be measured, and the upper corner of the rail bottom of the railway track to be measured is regarded as the upper corner of the rail bottom of the railway track to be measured within a certain range.

In another embodiment of the present application, in order to protect the first fiber Bragg grating sensor FBG1, the second fiber Bragg grating sensor FBG2, and the third fiber Bragg grating sensor FBG3, and avoid various losses caused during long-term use Or it may cause damage to the sensor. As shown in FIG. 4 , a protective housing 50 may also be provided outside the first fiber Bragg grating sensor, the second fiber Bragg grating sensor and the third fiber Bragg grating sensor.

In addition, in order to establish the corresponding relationship between the railway track strain and the railway track wheel and rail force, in the embodiment of the present application, it also includes: a jack (not shown in the figure);

The jack is used to apply target lateral forces of different sizes and target longitudinal forces of different sizes to the railway track to be tested; the target lateral force F _l and the target longitudinal force F _v in Figures 1 and 3 .

The first fiber Bragg grating sensor FBG1, the second fiber Bragg grating sensor FBG2, and the third fiber Bragg grating sensor FBG3 are also used to apply different sizes of target lateral forces and different sizes on the jack to the railway track to be measured. When the target longitudinal force is reached, the measurement data is obtained;

The processor 30 is also configured to apply different sizes to the railway track to be measured on the jack according to the first fiber Bragg grating sensor FBG1, the second fiber Bragg grating sensor FBG2, and the third fiber Bragg grating sensor FBG3. The measurement data are obtained when the target transverse force and the target longitudinal force are of different sizes, and the relationship between the first corrected strain, the second corrected strain and the transverse force and the longitudinal force are established respectively.

In addition, in order to obtain the target lateral force and target longitudinal force exerted by the jack, the road wheel-rail force system provided by the embodiment of the present application also includes: a pressure sensor (not shown in the figure);

The pressure sensor is arranged between the jack and the railway track to be measured, and is used to obtain the applied pressure when the jack applies target lateral forces of different sizes and target longitudinal forces of different sizes to the railway track to be measured. The magnitude of the target lateral force and the target longitudinal force.

The pressure sensor is also connected to a dynamic acquisition instrument (not shown in the figure);

The dynamic acquisition instrument is used to automatically read the magnitude of lateral force and longitudinal force from the pressure sensor.

Then the processor 30 can establish the first fiber grating sensor based on the lateral force and longitudinal force read by the dynamic acquisition instrument and the measurement data measured by the first fiber grating sensor, the second fiber grating sensor, and the third fiber grating sensor. The relationship between the corrected strain, the second corrected strain and the transverse force and longitudinal force respectively.

After establishing the relationship between the first corrected strain, the second corrected strain and the transverse force and the longitudinal force respectively, it is possible to determine where the train is passing based on the first fiber Bragg grating sensor, the second fiber Bragg grating sensor, and the third fiber Bragg grating sensor. The measurement data obtained when the railway track to be tested is described, and the established relationships between the first corrected strain, the second corrected strain and the lateral force and longitudinal force respectively are used to calculate the wheel-rail force of the railway track to be measured.

Referring to Figure 5, Embodiment 2 of the present application also provides a railway track wheel-rail force measurement method. The method uses the railway track wheel-rail force measurement device provided by the embodiment of the present application, and specifically includes:

S501: Obtain the first round of track measurement data, the second round of track measurement data and the third round of track measurement respectively obtained by the first fiber grating sensor, the second fiber grating sensor and the third fiber grating sensor when the train passes through the railway track to be measured. data.

Here, the first fiber Bragg grating sensor is used to be installed on the rail waist of the railway track to be measured; the second fiber Bragg grating sensor is used to be installed on the upper corner of the rail bottom of the railway track to be measured; and the third fiber Bragg grating sensor is used to be installed on the railway track to be measured. center of the rail bottom.

As shown in Figure 1, a specific installation example of a first fiber Bragg grating sensor, a second fiber Bragg grating sensor and a third fiber Bragg grating sensor is provided:

The coordinates are established by taking the center of the mid-span section of the railway track to be measured as the origin O, the direction of application of the transverse force as the x-axis, the direction of application of the longitudinal force as the longitudinal axis, and the extension direction of the railway track to be measured as the z-axis. system; the distance from the origin O to the rail bottom is c, and the distance from the origin O to the rail head is h.

The first fiber Bragg grating sensor FBG1 is installed at the rail waist of the railway track to be measured. The axis of its fiber core is parallel to the z-axis, and the x-axis passes through the axis of its fiber core. The second fiber Bragg grating sensor FBG2 is installed at the upper corner of the rail bottom. The distance between it and the x-axis is a, and the distance between it and the y-axis is b; the third fiber grating sensor FBG3 is installed at the bottom of the rail, and the distance between it and the x-axis is c.

When the train passes the railway track to be tested, the wheel-rail force applied to the railway track can be decomposed into the wheel-rail transverse force and the wheel-rail longitudinal force. Among them, the direction of the wheel track lateral force is the side where the train is located and is applied toward the other side, which is equivalent to the lateral force F _l in Figure 1 .

In the specific implementation, each fiber Bragg grating sensor is connected in series with a fiber Bragg grating regulator. When the train passes through the railway track to be measured, the force exerted on the track will cause the track to strain. At this time, the three fiber Bragg grating sensors attached to the track will The strain of the railway track to be measured will be detected, and the first round of track measurement data, the second round of track measurement data obtained by the first fiber grating sensor, the second fiber grating sensor and the third fiber grating sensor respectively when the train passes through the railway track to be measured are obtained. measurement data as well as third-round track measurement data.

Here, the first round of track measurement data, the second round of track measurement data and the third round of track measurement data are the first fiber grating sensor, the second fiber grating sensor and the third fiber grating sensor in the first embodiment. Measurement data obtained when target lateral forces of different sizes and target longitudinal forces of different sizes are applied to the railway track to be tested.

S502: Obtain the first round of track correction strain and the second round of track correction strain based on the first round of track measurement data, the second round of track measurement data and the third round of track measurement data;

In specific implementation, the first fiber grating sensor is installed on the rail waist of the railway track to be measured, and the extension direction of its fiber core is consistent with the extension direction of the track to be measured. At this time, the transverse force and the longitudinal force cause the first fiber grating sensor to generate The strain is very small, and the first round of track measurement data measured reflects the impact of thermal expansion and contraction of the track to be measured caused by changes in temperature on the strain of the railway track to be measured.

The second fiber grating sensor is set at the upper corner of the rail track of the railway track to be measured. In addition to the influence of temperature changes on the second track measurement data measured by it, the wheel track transverse force and the wheel track longitudinal force will also affect it. Influence.

The third fiber grating sensor is installed at the bottom of the railway track to be measured. In addition to the influence of temperature changes on the third track measurement data measured by it, only the longitudinal force of the wheel track will affect it, and the transverse force of the wheel track will affect it. The impact on it is negligible.

Therefore, after excluding the influence of temperature on the strain of the railway track in the second-round track measurement data and the third-round track measurement data, the remaining part is the part affected by both the wheel track lateral force and the wheel track longitudinal force.

Therefore, based on the first round of track measurement data, the second round of track measurement data and the third round of track measurement data, when the first round of track correction strain and the second round of track correction strain are obtained, the first round of track correction strain is actually the The second round of track measurement data is the strain after excluding the influence of temperature on the strain of the railway track. The second round of track correction strain is actually the strain after excluding the influence of temperature on the strain of the railway track in the second round of track measurement data. strain.

Specifically, the first round track correction strain can be obtained by finding the difference between the second round of track measurement data and the first round of track measurement data; by finding the difference between the third round of track measurement data and the first round of track measurement data. , to obtain the second round of orbit correction strain.

S503: Based on the first round of track correction strain, the second round of track correction strain, and the relationship between the pre-obtained first correction strain, the second correction strain and the lateral force and longitudinal force respectively, calculate the train's speed when passing through the railway track to be tested. The wheel track transverse force and wheel track longitudinal force exerted on the railway track to be measured.

For specific implementation, it is first necessary to obtain the relationship between the first correction strain, the second correction strain and the transverse force and longitudinal force respectively, and then based on this correspondence and the obtained first round orbit correction strain, second round orbit correction strain , calculate the wheel track transverse force and wheel track longitudinal force exerted on the railway track to be measured when the train passes through the railway track to be measured.

Here, fiber Bragg grating sensors are made using the photosensitivity of optical fibers. When the strain, temperature or other physical quantities of the environment in which the fiber grating is located change, the period of the grating or the refractive index of the fiber core will change, thereby causing the wavelength of the reflected light to change. By measuring the change in the wavelength of the reflected light before and after the physical quantity changes, we can The changes of the physical quantity to be measured can be obtained.

The first fiber grating sensor FBG1, the second fiber grating sensor FBG2, and the third fiber grating sensor FBG3 will cause the fiber grating sensor to deform under loads such as external force and temperature applied to the railway track to be measured, thereby reflecting the railway track to be measured. strain changes. The external force load applied to the railway track to be measured during the calibration process is the lateral force and longitudinal force applied to the railway track to be measured.

Referring to FIG. 6 , embodiments of the present application also provide a specific method for obtaining the relationship between the first correction strain, the second correction strain, and the transverse force and the longitudinal force respectively. The method includes:

S601: Acquire multiple sets of target measurement data obtained by the first fiber Bragg grating sensor, the second fiber Bragg grating sensor, and the third fiber Bragg grating sensor when they respectively apply target transverse forces of different sizes and target longitudinal forces of different sizes to the railway track to be measured; Each set of target measurement data includes: first target measurement data, second target measurement data and third target measurement data;

S602: For each set of target measurement data, obtain the first target correction strain based on the first target measurement data and the second target measurement data; and obtain the second target correction strain based on the first target measurement data and the third target measurement data;

In specific implementation, when the train acts on the mid-span position of the railway track to be tested, the stress situation of the railway track to be measured is shown in Figure 7. The center of the mid-span section of the railway track to be measured is used as the origin O, and the horizontal direction The direction of force application is used as the x-axis, the direction of longitudinal force application is used as the vertical axis, and the extension direction of the railway track to be measured is used as the z-axis to establish a coordinate system; the distance from the origin O to the bottom of the rail is c, and the distance from the origin O to the rail bottom is c. The distance between the rail heads is h.

The normal stress along the axial direction of the railway track to be measured at any point (x, y) on the mid-span section is the bending stress generated by the bending moments M _x and M _y in the x and y directions. and/> The torsional normal stress produced by the torque T _Z of the railway track to be tested under the eccentric load condition (the force point of the rail head of the railway track to be tested is not in the middle of the rail head) and additional stress under changes in rail temperature/> Combined, the expression is (2):

(2)

Since FBG1 is near the center of the railway track section to be measured, regardless of the pasting error, assuming that the normal stress under the action of bending moment and torque is 0, the normal stress at the position of FBG1 is (3):

(3)

In the formula, F _T is the temperature force of the railway track to be measured, and A is the cross-sectional area of the railway track to be measured. It can be seen from the above formula that FBG1 can accurately test the axial additional temperature stress of the railway track to be tested under temperature changes.

On this basis, through FBG2 and FBG3, the strain of the railway track to be measured can be detected. Referring to the pasting positions of each fiber Bragg grating sensor shown in Figure 1, it is easy to obtain from the mechanics of materials that the normal stresses at FBG2 and FBG3 are (4):

(4)

In the formula, I _x and I _y are the moments of inertia of the railway track section to be measured on the x-axis and y-axis respectively, and/> are the torsional normal stress caused by the eccentric force at the upper corner of the rail bottom and the center of the rail bottom respectively. When vertical and transverse forces occur to varying degrees of eccentricity, the normal stress at the rail bottom is less affected by torsion, and only a small torsional normal stress is generated, so it does not need to be considered. Based on the above, ignore the influence of torsional normal stress, and subtract σ ₁ from equation (4), respectively, to obtain the modified stress σ′ ₂ and σ′ ₃ as shown in equation (5):

(5)

By dividing equation (5) by the Young's modulus E of the railway track to be measured at the same time, the first target corrected strain and the second target corrected strain can be obtained, as shown in equation (6):

(6)

Among them, ε ₁ , ε ₂ , and ε ₃ are the strain values directly monitored by sensors FBG1, FBG2, and FBG3 respectively, that is, the first target measurement data, the second target measurement data, and the third target measurement data. According to the calculation formula for the bending moment of a simply supported beam, the bending moment at the mid-span position of the single-span railway track is equation (7):

(7)

Put the above formula (7) into formula (6) to get formula (8)

(8)

Equation (8) is the calculation formula for the first target corrected strain and the second target corrected strain.

S603: According to the first target corrected strain and the second target corrected strain corresponding to all target measurement data, and the corresponding relationship between the target transverse force and the target longitudinal force, obtain the first corrected strain and the second corrected strain respectively. Linear relationship between transverse and longitudinal forces.

During the specific implementation, by sorting out Equation (8), the linear relationship formulas between the first corrected strain, the second corrected strain and the transverse force and longitudinal force can be obtained, such as Equation (9).

(9)

That is: formula (1)

Among them: ε ₂ ′ represents the first modified strain; ε ₃ ′ represents the second modified strain; F _v represents the longitudinal force; F _l represents the transverse force; A, B, and C are all fitting parameters.

According to the linear relationship formula (1), linear fitting is performed on the first target correction strain and the second target correction strain corresponding to all target measurement data, as well as the corresponding target transverse force and target longitudinal force, to obtain the first correction strain, the second target correction strain, and the corresponding target transverse force and target longitudinal force. Two corrected strains are linearly related to the transverse force and the longitudinal force respectively.

Here, linear fitting is performed on the first target corrected strain and the second target corrected strain corresponding to all target measurement data, as well as the corresponding target transverse force and target longitudinal force, and the first corrected strain, the second corrected strain and the transverse force are obtained respectively. The process of linear relationship between force and longitudinal force is the process of solving the above A, B, C fitting parameters.

As shown in Figure 7, Embodiment 3 of the present application also provides a method based on the first target correction strain, the second target correction strain corresponding to all target measurement data, and the relationship between the target lateral force size and the target The corresponding relationship between the magnitude of the longitudinal force, and the specific method of obtaining the linear relationship between the first corrected strain, the second corrected strain and the transverse force and the longitudinal force respectively:

S701: Apply target lateral force or target longitudinal force of different sizes to the railway track to be tested;

For example: Use a special wire rope fixed jack to apply multiple sets of target lateral forces or target longitudinal forces to the rail head; set up multi-level steps for loading vertical and lateral forces, for example, set up five steps for loading vertical and lateral forces (vertical and lateral forces). The direction is 28.5kN, 46.8kN, 63.0kN, 84.8kN, 95.9kN; the transverse direction is 12.0kN, 25.3kN, 37.9kN, 50.7kN, 61.4kN). A pressure sensor is placed between the jack and the rail head to measure the amount of pressure applied.

S702: Each time the target lateral force or target longitudinal force is applied to the railway track to be measured, the first fiber grating sensor is used to sample according to the preset first sampling frequency, obtain the first data under sampling, and average the first data As the first target measurement data;

During specific implementation, because there is a certain difference between the temperature when the sensor is pasted and the temperature during actual calibration, in order to eliminate the influence of temperature force on the calibration results, and the temperature changes slowly, the first sampling frequency can be set relatively small, for example, The first sampling frequency of FBG1 is set to sampling every 10 minutes, the first data under sampling is obtained, and the mean value of the first data is used as the first target measurement data.

S703: The second fiber Bragg grating sensor and the third fiber Bragg grating sensor perform synchronous sampling according to the preset second sampling frequency to obtain the second data and the third data under multiple sampling;

During specific implementation, in order to ensure the highest possible accuracy, the second sampling frequency should be set relatively large. For example, the second sampling frequency of FBG2 and FBG3 should be set to 1kHz to obtain the second data and the second data under multiple samples. Three data.

S704: Obtain the mean value of the second data under multiple samplings, and use the mean value of the second data under multiple samplings as the second target measurement data;

S705: Obtain the mean value of the third data under multiple samplings, and use the mean value of the third data under multiple samplings as the third target measurement data.

The embodiment of the present application uses a fiber Bragg grating sensor as the main component of measurement; the fiber Bragg grating sensor has the advantages of high detection sensitivity, high precision, long life, long-term stability, etc., and the first fiber Bragg grating sensor is installed on the railway track to be measured. Rail waist; the second fiber grating sensor is used to be installed at the upper corner of the rail bottom of the railway track to be measured; the third fiber grating sensor is used to be installed at the center of the rail bottom of the railway track to be measured. When performing measurements, the first round of track measurement data and the second round of track measurement data respectively obtained by the first fiber grating sensor, the second fiber grating sensor and the third fiber grating sensor when the train passes through the railway track to be measured must be obtained. and the third round of track measurement data; and then obtain the first round of track correction strain and the second round of track correction strain based on the first, second, and third round of track measurement data; based on the first and second round of track correction strain, and The relationship between the pre-obtained first and second corrected strains and the lateral force and longitudinal force respectively is used to calculate the lateral force and longitudinal force of the wheel track exerted on the railway track to be tested when the train passes through the railway track to be tested. Using this railway track wheel-rail force measurement method can improve the accuracy and stability of track wheel-rail force monitoring and achieve long-term dynamic monitoring of wheel-rail force.

Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiments of the present application also provide a railway track wheel-rail force measurement device corresponding to the railway track wheel-rail force measurement method. Since the principle of the device in the embodiments of the present application to solve the problem is the same as that of the railway track wheel-rail force measurement method described in the embodiments of the present application, The measurement method of track wheel-rail force is similar, so the implementation of the device can be referred to the implementation of the method, and the repeated parts will not be repeated.

As shown in Figure 8, a railway track wheel-rail force measurement device provided in Embodiment 4 of the present application includes:

Applied to a railway track wheel-rail force measurement device including a first fiber Bragg grating sensor, a second fiber Bragg grating sensor, and a third fiber Bragg grating sensor, wherein the first fiber Bragg grating sensor is used to be installed on the rail waist of the railway track to be measured; The second fiber grating sensor is used to be installed at the upper corner of the rail bottom of the railway track to be measured; the third fiber grating sensor is used to be installed at the center of the rail bottom of the railway track to be measured. The device includes:

The acquisition module 81 is used to acquire the first round of track measurement data and the second round of track measurement data respectively obtained by the first fiber grating sensor, the second fiber grating sensor and the third fiber grating sensor when the train passes through the railway track to be measured. and a third round of track measurement data;

The first calculation module 82 is used to obtain the first round of track correction strain and the second round of track correction strain according to the first round of track measurement data, the second round of track measurement data and the third round of track measurement data;

The second calculation module 83 is configured to use the first wheel track correction strain, the second wheel track correction strain, and the relationship between the pre-acquired first correction strain, the second correction strain and the transverse force and the longitudinal force respectively. relationship, calculate the wheel track transverse force and wheel track longitudinal force exerted on the railway track to be measured when the train passes through the railway track to be measured.

Optionally, it also includes: a linear relationship acquisition module 84;

The linear relationship acquisition module 84 is used to obtain the linear relationship between the first correction strain, the second correction strain and the transverse force and the longitudinal force respectively through the following method:

Acquire multiple sets of target measurement data obtained by the first fiber grating sensor, the second fiber grating sensor, and the third fiber grating sensor when they respectively apply different sizes of target transverse forces and different sizes of target longitudinal forces to the railway track to be measured; each group The target measurement data includes; first target measurement data, second target measurement data and third target measurement data;

For each group of the target measurement data, obtain the first target correction strain according to the first target measurement data and the second target measurement data; and obtain according to the first target measurement data and the third target measurement data. Second target correction strain;

According to the first target corrected strain, the second target corrected strain corresponding to all target measurement data, and the corresponding relationship between the target transverse force size and the target longitudinal force size, the first corrected strain, The second modified strain is linearly related to the transverse force and the longitudinal force respectively.

Optionally, the linear relationship acquisition module 84 is specifically configured to perform the following steps according to the first target corrected strain, the second target corrected strain corresponding to all target measurement data, and the target lateral force magnitude. and the corresponding relationship between the target longitudinal force size, and obtain the linear relationship between the first corrected strain, the second corrected strain and the transverse force and the longitudinal force respectively:

According to the pre-established linear relationship formulas between the first correction strain, the second correction strain and the transverse force and the longitudinal force respectively, for the first target correction strain and the second target correction strain corresponding to all target measurement data, And the corresponding target transverse force and the target longitudinal force are linearly fitted to obtain the linear relationship between the first corrected strain, the second corrected strain and the transverse force and the longitudinal force respectively.

Optionally, the linear relationship formulas between the first correction strain, the second correction strain and the transverse force and the longitudinal force respectively satisfy the following formula (1):

(1)

Among them: ε′ ₂ represents the first modified strain; ε′ ₃ represents the second modified strain; F _v represents the longitudinal force; F _l represents the transverse force; A, B, and C are all fitting parameters.

Optionally, the linear relationship acquisition module 84 is specifically configured to obtain, through the following steps, the first fiber grating sensor, the second fiber grating sensor, and the third fiber grating sensor respectively applying targets of different sizes to the railway track to be measured. Multiple sets of target measurement data obtained with lateral force and target longitudinal force of different sizes:

When applying target lateral forces or target longitudinal forces of different sizes to the railway track to be measured, the first fiber grating sensor performs sampling according to the preset first sampling frequency to obtain the first data under sampling, and then The mean value of the first data under the sampling is used as the first target measurement data;

And the second fiber Bragg grating sensor and the third fiber Bragg grating sensor perform synchronous sampling according to a preset second sampling frequency to obtain the second data and the third data under multiple sampling;

Obtain the mean value of the second data under multiple samplings, and use the mean value of the second data under multiple samplings as the second target measurement data;

and obtaining the mean value of the third data under multiple samplings, and using the mean value of the third data under multiple samplings as the third target measurement data.

Corresponding to the railway track wheel-rail force measurement method in Figure 5, Embodiment 5 of the present application also provides a computer device, as shown in Figure 9. The device includes a memory 1000, a processor 2000 and a computer device stored on the memory 1000. A computer program that can be run on the processor 2000, wherein when the processor 2000 executes the computer program, the steps of the railway track wheel-rail force measurement method are implemented.

Specifically, the above-mentioned memory 1000 and processor 2000 can be general-purpose memories and processors, which are not specifically limited here. When the processor 2000 runs the computer program stored in the memory 1000, it can execute the above-mentioned railway track wheel-rail force measurement method, thereby It solves the problems of high cost caused by the use of on-board testing methods in the existing wheel-rail force measurement technology and poor stability and reliability caused by the use of resistance sensor methods, thereby improving the accuracy and stability of track wheel-rail force monitoring and realizing wheel-rail force measurement. Long-term dynamic monitoring of force.

Embodiments of the present application provide a non-volatile computer storage medium that stores computer-executable instructions. The computer-executable instructions can execute the railway track wheel-rail force measurement method in any of the above method embodiments.

Specifically, the storage medium can be a general storage medium, such as a removable disk, a hard disk, etc. When the computer program on the storage medium is run, it can execute the above railway track wheel and rail force measurement method, thereby solving the existing problem of wheel and rail force measurement. In technology, the use of on-board testing methods leads to higher costs and the use of resistance sensor methods leads to poor stability and reliability. This can improve the accuracy and stability of track wheel-rail force monitoring and achieve long-term dynamic monitoring of wheel-rail forces.

The computer program product of the railway track wheel-rail force measurement method and device provided by the embodiments of the present application includes a computer-readable storage medium storing program codes. The instructions included in the program codes can be used to execute the methods in the previous method embodiments. Specifically, For implementation, please refer to the method embodiments and will not be described again here.

Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that for the convenience and simplicity of description, the specific working processes of the systems and devices described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be described again here.

In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative.

In all examples shown and described herein, any specific values are to be construed as illustrative only and not as limiting, and therefore other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values.

In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application can be integrated into one processing unit, each unit can exist physically alone, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

If the functions are implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium that is executable by a processor. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application is essentially or the part that contributes to the existing technology or the part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including Several instructions are used to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage media include: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM), random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), magnetic disk or optical disk and other media that can store program codes.

Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only specific implementation modes of the present application, and are used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, but not to limit them. The protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Although refer to the foregoing The embodiments describe the present application in detail. Those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that any person familiar with the technical field can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments within the technical scope disclosed in the present application. It is possible to easily think of changes, or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features; and these modifications, changes or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and they should all be covered by this application. within the scope of protection. Therefore, the protection scope of this application should be determined by the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (8)

1. A railway track wheel-rail force measurement method, characterized in that it is applied to a railway track wheel-rail force measurement device including a first fiber grating sensor, a second fiber grating sensor, and a third fiber grating sensor, wherein the first The fiber Bragg grating sensor is used to be installed on the waist of the railway track to be measured; the second fiber Bragg grating sensor is used to be installed on the upper corner of the rail bottom of the railway track to be measured; the third fiber Bragg grating sensor is used to be installed on the rail track of the railway track to be measured. Rail bottom center, the method includes: Obtaining the first round of track measurement data, the second round of track measurement data and the third round of track measurement respectively obtained by the first fiber grating sensor, the second fiber grating sensor and the third fiber grating sensor when the train passes the railway track to be measured. data; According to the first round of track measurement data, the second round of track measurement data and the third round of track measurement data, obtain the first round of track correction strain and the second round of track correction strain; According to the linear relationship between the first round track correction strain, the second round track correction strain, and the pre-obtained first correction strain, the second correction strain and the lateral force and longitudinal force respectively, the train is calculated The wheel track transverse force and the wheel track longitudinal force exerted on the railway track to be tested when passing through the railway track to be tested; The linear relationship between the first modified strain, the second modified strain and the transverse force and the longitudinal force respectively is obtained by the following method: Acquire multiple sets of target measurement data obtained by the first fiber grating sensor, the second fiber grating sensor, and the third fiber grating sensor when they respectively apply different sizes of target transverse forces and different sizes of target longitudinal forces to the railway track to be measured; each group The target measurement data includes; first target measurement data, second target measurement data and third target measurement data; For each group of the target measurement data, obtain the first target correction strain according to the first target measurement data and the second target measurement data; and obtain according to the first target measurement data and the third target measurement data. Second target correction strain; According to the first target corrected strain, the second target corrected strain corresponding to all target measurement data, and the corresponding relationship between the target transverse force size and the target longitudinal force size, the first corrected strain, The second modified strain is linearly related to the transverse force and the longitudinal force respectively. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the first target corrected strain, the second target corrected strain corresponding to all target measurement data, and the sum of the target transverse force and the Describe the corresponding relationship between the target longitudinal force and obtain the linear relationship between the first corrected strain, the second corrected strain and the transverse force and the longitudinal force respectively, including: According to the pre-established linear relationship formulas between the first correction strain, the second correction strain and the transverse force and the longitudinal force respectively, for the first target correction strain and the second target correction strain corresponding to all target measurement data, And the corresponding target transverse force and the target longitudinal force are linearly fitted to obtain the linear relationship between the first corrected strain, the second corrected strain and the transverse force and the longitudinal force respectively. 3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the linear relationship formulas between the first correction strain, the second correction strain and the transverse force and the longitudinal force respectively satisfy the following formula (1): Among them: ε ₂ ′ represents the first modified strain; ε ₃ ′ represents the second modified strain; F _v represents the longitudinal force; F _l represents the transverse force; A, B, and C are all fitting parameters. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the acquiring first fiber grating sensor, the second fiber grating sensor and the third fiber grating sensor respectively apply different sizes of target lateral forces to the railway track to be measured. Multiple sets of target measurement data obtained when using target longitudinal forces of different sizes, including: Applying target lateral forces or target longitudinal forces of different sizes to the railway track to be tested; Each time a target lateral force or a target longitudinal force is applied to the railway track to be measured, the first fiber grating sensor performs sampling according to the preset first sampling frequency to obtain the first data under sampling, and the sampled The mean value of the first data below is used as the first target measurement data; And the second fiber Bragg grating sensor and the third fiber Bragg grating sensor perform synchronous sampling according to a preset second sampling frequency to obtain the second data and the third data under multiple sampling; Obtain the mean value of the second data under multiple samplings, and use the mean value of the second data under multiple samplings as the second target measurement data; and obtaining the mean value of the third data under multiple samplings, and using the mean value of the third data under multiple samplings as the third target measurement data. 5. A railway track wheel-rail force measuring device, characterized in that it is applied to a railway track wheel-rail force measuring device including a first fiber grating sensor, a second fiber grating sensor, and a third fiber grating sensor, wherein the first The fiber Bragg grating sensor is used to be installed on the waist of the railway track to be measured; the second fiber Bragg grating sensor is used to be installed on the upper corner of the rail bottom of the railway track to be measured; the third fiber Bragg grating sensor is used to be installed on the rail track of the railway track to be measured. Rail bottom center, the device includes: An acquisition module for acquiring the first round of track measurement data, the second round of track measurement data respectively acquired by the first fiber grating sensor, the second fiber grating sensor and the third fiber grating sensor when the train passes through the railway track to be measured. Third round of track measurement data; The first calculation module is used to obtain the first round of track correction strain and the second round of track correction strain based on the first round of track measurement data, the second round of track measurement data and the third round of track measurement data; The second calculation module is used to calculate the first wheel track correction strain, the second wheel track correction strain, and the relationship between the pre-acquired first correction strain, the second correction strain and the transverse force and the longitudinal force respectively. , calculate the wheel track transverse force and wheel track longitudinal force exerted on the railway track to be measured when the train passes through the railway track to be measured; Also includes: linear relationship acquisition module; The linear relationship acquisition module is used to obtain the linear relationship between the first corrected strain, the second corrected strain and the transverse force and the longitudinal force respectively through the following method: Acquire multiple sets of target measurement data obtained by the first fiber grating sensor, the second fiber grating sensor, and the third fiber grating sensor when they respectively apply different sizes of target transverse forces and different sizes of target longitudinal forces to the railway track to be measured; each group The target measurement data includes; first target measurement data, second target measurement data and third target measurement data; For each group of the target measurement data, obtain the first target correction strain according to the first target measurement data and the second target measurement data; and obtain according to the first target measurement data and the third target measurement data. Second target correction strain; According to the first target corrected strain, the second target corrected strain corresponding to all target measurement data, and the corresponding relationship between the target transverse force size and the target longitudinal force size, the first corrected strain, The second modified strain is linearly related to the transverse force and the longitudinal force respectively. 6. The device according to claim 5, wherein the linear relationship acquisition module is specifically configured to correct strain according to the first target and the second target corresponding to all target measurement data through the following steps: strain, and the corresponding relationship between the target transverse force size and the target longitudinal force size, and obtain the linear relationship between the first corrected strain, the second corrected strain and the transverse force and the longitudinal force respectively: According to the pre-established linear relationship formulas between the first correction strain, the second correction strain and the transverse force and the longitudinal force respectively, for the first target correction strain and the second target correction strain corresponding to all target measurement data, And the corresponding target transverse force and the target longitudinal force are linearly fitted to obtain the linear relationship between the first corrected strain, the second corrected strain and the transverse force and the longitudinal force respectively. 7. The device according to claim 6, wherein the linear relationship formulas between the first correction strain, the second correction strain and the transverse force and the longitudinal force respectively satisfy the following formula (1): (1) Among them: ε ₂ ′ represents the first modified strain; ε ₃ ′ represents the second modified strain; F _v represents the longitudinal force; F _l represents the transverse force; A, B, and C are all fitting parameters. 8. The device according to claim 5, wherein the linear relationship acquisition module is specifically configured to acquire the direction of the first fiber grating sensor, the second fiber grating sensor and the third fiber grating sensor through the following steps. Multiple sets of target measurement data obtained when different sizes of target lateral forces and different sizes of target longitudinal forces are applied when measuring railway tracks: When applying target lateral forces or target longitudinal forces of different sizes to the railway track to be measured, the first fiber grating sensor performs sampling according to the preset first sampling frequency to obtain the first data under sampling, and then The mean value of the first data under the sampling is used as the first target measurement data; And the second fiber Bragg grating sensor and the third fiber Bragg grating sensor perform synchronous sampling according to a preset second sampling frequency to obtain the second data and the third data under multiple sampling; Obtain the mean value of the second data under multiple samplings, and use the mean value of the second data under multiple samplings as the second target measurement data; and obtaining the mean value of the third data under multiple samplings, and using the mean value of the third data under multiple samplings as the third target measurement data.