CN108758998B - Control method of air conditioner - Google Patents

Control method of air conditioner Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108758998B
CN108758998B CN201810277330.3A CN201810277330A CN108758998B CN 108758998 B CN108758998 B CN 108758998B CN 201810277330 A CN201810277330 A CN 201810277330A CN 108758998 B CN108758998 B CN 108758998B
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frequency
speed
compressor
air conditioner
temperature difference
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CN108758998A (en
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辛涛
罗荣邦
许文明
崔文娟
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Qingdao Haier Air Conditioner Gen Corp Ltd
Haier Smart Home Co Ltd
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Qingdao Haier Air Conditioner Gen Corp Ltd
Haier Smart Home Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
    • F24F11/63—Electronic processing
    • F24F11/64—Electronic processing using pre-stored data
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/80—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air
    • F24F11/83—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers
    • F24F11/84—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers using valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/80—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air
    • F24F11/86—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling compressors within refrigeration or heat pump circuits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/80—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air
    • F24F11/87—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling absorption or discharge of heat in outdoor units
    • F24F11/871—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling absorption or discharge of heat in outdoor units by controlling outdoor fans

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of air conditioners, in particular to a control method of an air conditioner. The invention aims to solve the problems of poor universality and poor user experience of the existing air conditioner control method. To this end, the control method of the present invention includes: calculating the temperature difference between the indoor environment temperature and the set temperature; calculating the closing speed of the expansion valve according to a first fitting formula; calculating the acceleration of the outer fan according to a second fitting formula; calculating the frequency increasing speed of the compressor in the frequency increasing stage according to a third fitting formula; controlling the expansion valve to close the valve to a target opening degree according to the valve closing speed; controlling the outer fan to increase the speed to a target rotating speed according to the acceleration; preferably, when the expansion valve is closed to the target opening degree and the external fan is accelerated to the target rotating speed, the compressor is controlled to perform frequency increasing according to the frequency increasing speed. Through the control mode, the control method of the air conditioner can improve the universality of the air conditioner and improve the use experience of users.

Description

Control method of air conditioner
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of air conditioners, in particular to a control method of an air conditioner.
Background
With the increasing living standard, the requirements of people on the quality of life are higher and higher, and the requirements are particularly obvious on household appliances. Taking an air conditioner as an example, in order to meet the requirement of a user for rapid cooling/heating and bring comfortable use experience to the user, when the conventional air conditioner is just started, the compressor is generally rapidly increased to a higher frequency (for example, the compressor is increased to the maximum working frequency). In the process of rapidly raising the frequency of the compressor to a high frequency, in order to ensure normal oil return, the compressor is usually forced to operate for a period of time at a certain or certain fixed frequency (oil return frequency), and the frequency is continuously raised after the oil return is stable. However, the arrangement mode of forcing the compressor to continuously operate for a period of time at the oil return frequency enables the frequency rising time of the compressor to be too long in the process of starting the air conditioner for rapid cooling/heating, and the speed of the compressor reaching the maximum working frequency is slowed down, so that the rapid cooling/heating effect of the air conditioner is influenced.
In order to solve the above problems of the air conditioner, the patent application with publication number CN107576016A discloses a method and a system for controlling an air conditioner. Specifically, the control method mainly comprises the following steps: starting a compressor of an air conditioner; continuously increasing the frequency of the compressor in stages according to a plurality of set speeds; after the frequency is continuously increased in stages, judging whether the frequency of the compressor reaches a first target frequency; and stopping the frequency increasing of the compressor when the frequency of the compressor reaches the first target frequency. The application mainly shortens the frequency increasing time of the compressor and achieves the purpose of rapid refrigeration/heating by canceling the continuous operation stage on the oil return frequency in the frequency increasing process of the compressor and then enabling the compressor to continuously increase the frequency in stages at different frequency increasing speeds after the compressor is started. Although the above control method solves the problem of poor rapid cooling/heating effect in the prior art to a certain extent, the following defects are also unavoidable: first, not all users need to perform rapid cooling/heating after the air conditioner is turned on, nor are all users suitable for rapid cooling/heating under all environmental conditions, so the control method has a problem of poor universality in actual use. Secondly, the rapid frequency rise of the air conditioner can correspondingly cause the noise to be increased, and for some special users or occasions (such as insomnia users or libraries), the use experience of the users is greatly influenced by the generation of the noise.
Accordingly, there is a need in the art for a new method for controlling the start-up of an air conditioner to solve the above-mentioned problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems in the prior art, that is, to solve the problems of poor universality and poor user experience existing in the conventional start-up control method for the air conditioner, the present invention provides a start-up control method for an air conditioner, wherein the air conditioner comprises a compressor, an expansion valve and an external fan, and the control method comprises:
calculating the temperature difference between the indoor environment temperature and the set temperature;
calculating the valve closing speed of the expansion valve according to a first fitting formula;
calculating the acceleration of the outer fan according to a second fitting formula;
calculating the frequency increasing speed of the compressor in the frequency increasing stage according to a third fitting formula;
controlling the expansion valve to close the valve to a target opening degree according to the valve closing speed;
controlling the outer fan to increase to a target rotating speed according to the acceleration while, before or after the expansion valve closes to the target opening according to the valve closing speed;
when the expansion valve and/or the outer fan reach set conditions, controlling the compressor to perform frequency boosting according to the frequency boosting speed;
the first fitting formula is determined according to the corresponding relation between the temperature difference and the valve closing speed of the expansion valve; the second fitting formula is determined according to the corresponding relation between the temperature difference and the acceleration of the outer fan; the third fitting formula is determined according to a corresponding relationship between the temperature difference and the frequency increasing speed of the compressor.
In a preferred technical solution of the startup control method of the air conditioner, the control method further includes:
judging whether the frequency of the compressor reaches a stable working frequency or not;
stopping the frequency increasing of the compressor when the frequency of the compressor reaches the stable working frequency;
and the stable working frequency is determined according to the corresponding relation between the outdoor environment temperature and the stable working frequency.
In a preferred embodiment of the above startup control method of an air conditioner, after the step of "calculating a temperature difference between an indoor ambient temperature and a set temperature", the control method further includes:
judging whether the temperature difference is in a preset temperature difference interval or not;
and when the temperature difference is in the temperature difference interval, calculating the frequency increasing speed of the compressor in the frequency increasing stage according to the third fitting formula.
In a preferred technical solution of the startup control method of the air conditioner, the control method further includes:
when the temperature difference is smaller than the minimum value of the temperature difference interval, calculating the frequency increasing speed of the compressor in the frequency increasing stage according to the minimum value of the temperature difference interval and the third fitting formula; or
And when the temperature difference is larger than the maximum value of the temperature difference interval, calculating the frequency increasing speed of the compressor in the frequency increasing stage according to the maximum value of the temperature difference interval according to the third fitting formula.
In a preferred embodiment of the start-up control method of the air conditioner, the step of controlling the compressor to perform frequency boosting according to the frequency boosting speed when the expansion valve and/or the outer fan reach a set condition further includes:
and when the opening degree of the expansion valve reaches the reference opening degree and/or when the external fan reaches the maximum rotating speed, controlling the compressor to perform frequency boosting according to the frequency boosting speed.
In a preferred embodiment of the above startup control method of an air conditioner, after the step of "controlling the expansion valve to close to the target opening degree according to the valve closing speed", the control method further includes:
and adjusting the opening degree of the expansion valve according to the target exhaust temperature of the compressor.
In a preferred embodiment of the method for controlling starting of an air conditioner, after the step of "controlling the external fan to increase to the target rotation speed according to the acceleration", the method further includes:
and adjusting the rotating speed of the outer fan according to the corresponding relation between the outdoor environment temperature and/or the frequency of the compressor and the rotating speed of the outer fan.
In a preferred technical solution of the above starting control method of an air conditioner, the frequency increasing stage includes a plurality of frequency increasing sub-stages, the third fitting formula correspondingly includes a plurality of third fitting sub-formulas, and calculating the frequency increasing speed of the compressor in the frequency increasing stage according to the third fitting formula further includes:
and respectively calculating the frequency increasing speed of each frequency increasing sub-stage of the compressor according to each third fitting sub-formula.
In a preferred embodiment of the method for controlling starting of an air conditioner, the step of controlling the compressor to perform frequency increase according to the frequency increasing speed further includes:
and controlling the compressor to continuously increase the frequency according to the frequency increasing speed of each frequency increasing sub-stage.
In the preferable technical scheme of the starting-up control method of the air conditioner, the temperature difference is in direct proportion to the valve closing speed of the expansion valve; and/or the temperature difference is in direct proportion to the acceleration of the outer fan; and/or the temperature difference is in direct proportion to the raising frequency speed of the compressor; and/or the up-conversion speed is any value of 0.5Hz/s-30 Hz/s.
As can be understood by those skilled in the art, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a method for controlling the start-up of an air conditioner includes: calculating the temperature difference between the indoor environment temperature and the set temperature; calculating the closing speed of the expansion valve according to a first fitting formula; calculating the acceleration of the outer fan according to a second fitting formula; calculating the frequency increasing speed of the compressor in the frequency increasing stage according to a third fitting formula; controlling the expansion valve to close the valve to a target opening degree according to the valve closing speed; controlling the outer fan to increase to the target rotating speed according to the acceleration while, before or after the expansion valve closes to the target opening according to the valve closing speed; preferably, when the expansion valve is closed to the target opening degree and the outer fan is accelerated to the target rotating speed, the compressor is controlled to perform frequency increasing according to the frequency increasing speed; the first fitting formula is determined according to the corresponding relation between the temperature difference and the valve closing speed of the expansion valve; the second fitting formula is determined according to the corresponding relation between the temperature difference and the acceleration of the outer fan; the third fitting formula is determined according to the corresponding relation between the temperature difference and the frequency increasing speed of the compressor. The method comprises the steps of determining a first fitting formula, a second fitting formula and a third fitting formula in advance, calculating the valve closing speed of an expansion valve, the acceleration of an outer fan and the frequency increasing speed of a compressor in a frequency increasing stage according to the first fitting formula, the second fitting formula and the third fitting formula, further controlling the expansion valve to close the valve to a target opening according to the valve closing speed, controlling the outer fan to increase the speed to a target rotating speed according to the acceleration, and controlling the compressor to increase the frequency according to the frequency increasing speed while the valve is closed to the target opening and the speed is increased to the target rotating speed.
Specifically, the temperature difference between the indoor ambient temperature and the set temperature is in direct proportion to the closing speed of the expansion valve, the acceleration of the external fan, and the up-conversion speed of the compressor, respectively. When the temperature difference is small, the indoor environment temperature is close to the set temperature, the desire of a user for controlling the air conditioner to perform quick refrigeration/heating is not strong, at the moment, the valve closing speed of the expansion valve, the acceleration of the outer fan and the frequency raising speed of the compressor which are calculated according to the first fitting formula, the second fitting formula and the third fitting formula are relatively low, the expansion valve is closed to the target opening degree according to the valve closing speed, and the outer fan is raised to the target rotating speed according to the acceleration, the compressor is raised according to the frequency raising speed, the refrigeration/heating effect of the air conditioner can be guaranteed, and meanwhile, the operation stability and the operation noise of the expansion valve, the outer fan and the compressor are improved; when the temperature difference is large, it is indicated that the indoor environment temperature is far away from the set temperature, a user urgently needs the air conditioner to perform rapid cooling/heating at the moment, the valve closing speed of the expansion valve, the acceleration of the outer fan and the frequency rising speed of the compressor which are calculated according to the first fitting formula, the second fitting formula and the third fitting formula are relatively high, when the expansion valve is quickly closed to the target opening degree according to the valve closing speed and the outer fan is quickly raised to the target rotating speed according to the acceleration, the compressor is quickly raised according to the frequency rising speed, so that the rapid cooling/heating of the air conditioner can be realized, the cooling/heating time is greatly shortened, and good use experience is brought to the user. And through repeated tests, observation, analysis and comparison of the inventor, under the condition of adopting the technical scheme of the invention to carry out quick refrigeration/heating, the frequency increasing speed of the air conditioner can be increased by times or even tens of times compared with the prior art, and the frequency jump of the air conditioner is realized. In addition, the opening degree of the expansion valve is reduced to the target opening degree before the compressor is started, the opening degree of the expansion valve can be matched with the compressor when the compressor is started, the situation that the opening degree of the expansion valve is not matched with the compressor due to the fact that the expansion valve is started together with the compressor is avoided, and the refrigerating/heating effect after the compressor is started is further improved. The outer fan is controlled to be accelerated to the target rotating speed before the compressor is started, namely, the air is driven to flow at the high rotating speed in advance to dissipate heat of the compressor and the outdoor unit, so that the compressor has good heat dissipation conditions when being started, the situation that the heat dissipation effect of the compressor is poor due to the fact that the outer fan is started along with the compressor is avoided, and the refrigerating/heating effect of the compressor after being started is further improved.
Drawings
The power-on control method of the air conditioner according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with a cooling mode of the air conditioner. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a method for controlling a start-up of an air conditioner according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the closing speed of an expansion valve in the start-up control method of the air conditioner according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a graph showing an acceleration curve of an external fan in the start-up control method of the air conditioner according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a graph illustrating an increasing frequency speed of a compressor in the method for controlling a start-up of an air conditioner according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are only for explaining the technical principle of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. For example, although the present invention is described with reference to the operation of an air conditioner in a cooling mode, such an application scenario is not always the same, and those skilled in the art may also apply the method of the present invention to other application scenarios, such as a heating mode or a dehumidifying mode of an air conditioner, without departing from the principle of the present invention.
First, it should be noted that, in general, air conditioners each include an indoor unit and an outdoor unit, where the indoor unit is provided with an indoor heat exchanger, an internal fan, and the like, and the outdoor unit is provided with a compressor, an electronic expansion valve (hereinafter, referred to as an expansion valve), an external fan, an outdoor heat exchanger, and the like. The indoor unit is also usually provided with a control system for controlling the operation of the air conditioner, and the control system comprises a control module, a judgment module, a calculation module, an acquisition module and the like. The physical forms of the control module, the judgment module, the calculation module and the acquisition module may be independent from each other, and certainly, the control module, the judgment module, the calculation module and the acquisition module may also be functional units integrated on one physical module. The control system of the air conditioner comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program which is stored in the memory and can run on the processor, wherein the computer program can complete the functions of the control module, the judgment module and the acquisition module. The physical arrangement of the air conditioners is the conventional arrangement mode of the air conditioners in the prior art, and should not be considered as the limitation of the control method of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a method for controlling a start-up of an air conditioner according to the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, in order to solve the problems of poor universality and poor user experience of the conventional start-up control method for the air conditioner, the invention provides a start-up control method for the air conditioner, which mainly comprises the following steps:
s100, calculating the temperature difference between the indoor environment temperature and the set temperature; if the indoor environment temperature is obtained by arranging a temperature sensor in the indoor unit, the set temperature of the user is acquired by receiving the instruction of the user through the air conditioner, and then the control system obtains the temperature difference between the indoor environment temperature and the set temperature by calculating the difference between the indoor environment temperature and the set temperature;
s200, calculating the closing speed of the electronic expansion valve according to a first fitting formula, wherein if the first fitting formula is determined according to the corresponding relation between the temperature difference and the closing speed of the electronic expansion valve, and the temperature difference is in direct proportion to the closing speed of the electronic expansion valve, namely the larger the temperature difference is, the faster the closing speed of the electronic expansion valve is, and the control system of the air conditioner calculates the closing speed of the electronic expansion valve in the closing stage according to the first fitting formula;
s300, calculating the acceleration of the outer fan according to a second fitting formula, wherein if the second fitting formula is determined according to the corresponding relation between the temperature difference and the acceleration of the outer fan, the temperature difference and the acceleration of the outer fan are in a direct proportion relation, namely the temperature difference is larger, the acceleration of the outer fan is faster, and the control system of the air conditioner calculates the acceleration of the outer fan in the acceleration stage according to the second fitting formula;
s400, calculating the frequency rising speed of the compressor in the frequency rising stage according to a third fitting formula, wherein if the third fitting formula is determined according to the corresponding relation between the temperature difference and the frequency rising speed of the compressor, and the temperature difference is in direct proportion to the frequency rising speed of the compressor, the larger the temperature difference is, the faster the frequency rising speed of the compressor is, and the control system of the air conditioner calculates the frequency rising speed of the compressor in the frequency rising stage according to the third fitting formula;
s500, controlling the electronic expansion valve to close to a target opening according to a valve closing speed, preferably, controlling the target opening to be a reference opening of the electronic expansion valve, and after calculating the valve closing speed of the electronic expansion valve, controlling the expansion valve to close to the reference opening according to the valve closing speed by the control system of the air conditioner;
s600, controlling the outer fan to increase to a target rotating speed according to the acceleration while, before or after the electronic expansion valve is closed to a target opening degree, preferably, controlling the target rotating speed to be the maximum rotating speed of the outer fan, and controlling the outer fan to increase to the maximum rotating speed according to the acceleration while the electronic expansion valve starts to be closed by a control system of the air conditioner;
s700, when the expansion valve and/or the outer fan reach set conditions, controlling the compressor to perform frequency raising according to the frequency raising speed, preferably, when the opening degree of the expansion valve reaches a reference opening degree and the rotating speed of the outer fan reaches the maximum rotating speed, controlling the compressor to perform continuous frequency raising according to the frequency raising speed or perform continuous frequency raising in stages by the control system of the air conditioner;
s800, judging whether the frequency of the compressor reaches a stable working frequency, for example, a control system of the air conditioner acquires the current frequency of the compressor in real time and compares the current frequency with the stable working frequency;
and S900, when the frequency of the compressor reaches the stable working frequency, stopping the frequency increasing of the compressor, and if the current frequency reaches the stable working frequency, controlling the compressor to keep the stable working frequency to continuously work by the control system.
The method comprises the steps of determining a first fitting formula, a second fitting formula and a third fitting formula in advance, calculating the valve closing speed of the electronic expansion valve, the acceleration of the outer fan and the frequency increasing speed of the compressor in the frequency increasing stage according to the first fitting formula, the second fitting formula and the third fitting formula, further controlling the electronic expansion valve to close the valve to a target opening according to the valve closing speed, controlling the outer fan to increase to a target rotating speed according to the acceleration, and controlling the compressor to increase the frequency according to the frequency increasing speed while the electronic expansion valve is closed to the target opening and the outer fan increases to the target rotating speed. In other words, the method and the device solve the problems of poor universality and poor user experience of the conventional air conditioner starting control method, improve the comfort of the air conditioner and improve the user experience.
The principles of the present invention are further explained with reference to fig. 2, 3 and 4. Fig. 2 is a graph showing a valve closing speed of an expansion valve in the start-up control method of the air conditioner of the present invention, and fig. 3 is a graph showing an acceleration of an external fan in the start-up control method of the air conditioner of the present invention; fig. 4 is a graph illustrating an increasing frequency speed of a compressor in the method for controlling a start-up of an air conditioner according to the present invention.
In one possible embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the temperature difference in the first fitting equation is proportional to the closing speed of the expansion valve, and preferably, the target opening degree is a reference opening degree of the expansion valve. For example, the first fit equation for the closing valve velocity may be: v. ofpK ". DELTA.T + b", where vpDenotes a valve closing speed of the expansion valve (P/s, where P is an opening unit "step" of the expansion valve), Δ T represents a temperature difference (° c) between an indoor ambient temperature and a set temperature, k "is a proportionality coefficient, and b" is a constant. The proportionality coefficient k "and the constant b" of the first fitting equation may be determined as follows: assuming that the temperature difference Δ T is in the range of 0 to 10 ℃, the valve closing speed v is set to 0pminAt 30P/s and 10 deg.C, the valve closing speed vpmaxAt 80P/s, k ″, b ″, 30 are determined, so that v is equal to 5 and v is equal to 30p5 Δ T + 30. After the first fitting formula is calculated, the first fitting formula is preset in a control system of the air conditioner, so that when a user selects a mode and adjusts the set temperature each time the air conditioner is started, the control system can determine the valve closing speed of the expansion valve and control the valve closing operation of the expansion valve according to the valve closing speed.
In one possible embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the temperature difference in the second fitting formula is proportional to the acceleration of the outer fan, and preferably, the target rotation speed is the maximum rotation speed of the outer fan. For example, the second fitting equation for acceleration may be: a iswK 'Δ T + b', where awIndicating the acceleration (r/s) of the outer fan2) And delta T represents the temperature difference (DEG C) between the indoor environment temperature and the set temperature, k 'is a proportionality coefficient, and b' is a constant. The proportionality coefficient k 'and the constant b' of the second fitting equation may be determined as follows: the acceleration a is set to 0 by assuming that the temperature difference Δ T is in the range of 0 to 10 ℃wmin＝10r/s2At 10 ℃ delta T, acceleration awmax＝30r/s2Since k 'is 2 and b' is 10, a is obtainedw2 Δ T + 10. After the second fitting formula is calculated, the second fitting formula is preset in a control system of the air conditioner, so that the control system can determine the acceleration of the outer fan and control the outer fan to work at the accelerated speed according to the acceleration after a user selects a mode and adjusts the set temperature each time the user starts the air conditioner.
In one possible embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the compressor has only one up-conversion stage, and the first of the up-conversion stageThe temperature difference in the three fitting formulas is in a direct proportion relation with the frequency increasing speed of the compressor, and preferably, the frequency increasing speed is any value in the range of 0.5Hz/s-30 Hz/s. For example, the third fitting equation for the up-conversion speed may be: v. ofyK Δ T + b, where vyExpressing the frequency raising speed (Hz/s) of the compressor, wherein delta T represents the temperature difference (DEG C) between the indoor environment temperature and the set temperature, k is a proportionality coefficient, and b is a constant. The proportionality coefficient k and the constant b of the third fitting equation may be determined as follows: assuming that the temperature difference Δ T is in the range of 0 to 10 ℃, the frequency-raising speed v is set to 0ymin0.5Hz/s, 10 deg.C, and a raising frequency speed vymaxWhen k is 2.95 and b is 0.5, v is determined to be 30Hz/sy2.95 Δ T + 0.5. After the third fitting formula is calculated, the third fitting formula is preset in a control system of the air conditioner, so that when a user selects a mode and adjusts the set temperature each time the air conditioner is started, the control system can determine the frequency increasing speed of the compressor and control the frequency increasing operation of the compressor according to the frequency increasing speed.
Furthermore, the value range of the temperature difference delta T can be divided into one or more temperature difference intervals, and when the temperature difference delta T falls into one of the temperature difference intervals, a third fitting formula is adopted to calculate the corresponding frequency increasing speed. For example, the value range of the temperature difference Δ T is divided into (— infinity, 5), [5, 10%]And (10, + ∞) in the calculated temperature difference DeltaT of [5, 10%]In this interval, a third fitting formula v is adoptedyThe up-conversion rate is calculated as k Δ T + b, and when the temperature difference Δ T is in the (— infinity, 5) or (10, + ∞) interval, the temperature difference is made equal to 5 and 10 (i.e., the temperature difference interval [5, 10 +∞ ]), respectively]Minimum and maximum values of) as the frequency increasing speed of the compressor at the temperature difference. Thus, damage to the compressor due to an excessively high or excessively low frequency-increasing speed of the compressor can be prevented.
Referring now to table 1, in one possible embodiment, the stable operating frequency may be determined based on a correspondence between the outdoor ambient temperature and the stable operating frequency.
TABLE 1 stable working frequency comparison table
Figure GDA0002606349330000091
Wherein, TaoRepresenting the outdoor ambient temperature, fwRepresenting the stable operating frequency of the compressor, feRepresenting the nominal operating frequency of the compressor.
In a possible embodiment, in order to better improve the user experience of using the air conditioner, improve the refrigeration effect, improve the working stability and the service life of the compressor, after the step of controlling the electronic expansion valve to close the valve to the target opening according to the valve closing speed, the control method further comprises:
and adjusting the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve according to the target exhaust temperature of the compressor.
Referring to table 2 below, in a possible implementation manner, in order to better improve the experience of the user in using the air conditioner, improve the refrigeration effect, and improve the working stability and the service life of the compressor, after the step of controlling the outer fan to increase the speed to the target speed according to the acceleration, the control method further includes:
and adjusting the rotating speed of the outer fan according to the corresponding relation between the outdoor environment temperature and the rotating speed of the outer fan.
TABLE 2 outer fan speed control table (1)
Tao(℃) ≤22 22-29 ≥29
rw(r/min) 400 800 1200
Wherein, TaoRepresents the outdoor ambient temperature, rwRepresenting the rotational speed of the outer fan.
Through the control mode, the starting control method of the air conditioner has the advantages that: the method comprises the steps of determining a first fitting formula, a second fitting formula and a third fitting formula in advance, calculating the valve closing speed of an expansion valve in a valve closing stage according to the first fitting formula, calculating the acceleration of an outer fan in an acceleration stage according to the second fitting formula, calculating the frequency increasing speed of a compressor in a frequency increasing stage according to the third fitting formula, further controlling the expansion valve to close the valve to a reference opening degree according to the valve closing speed, increasing the speed of the outer fan to a maximum rotating speed according to the acceleration, and controlling the compressor to increase the frequency according to the frequency increasing speed when the electronic expansion valve is closed to the reference opening degree and the speed of the outer fan is increased to the maximum rotating speed.
Specifically, the temperature difference between the indoor ambient temperature and the set temperature is in direct proportion to the closing speed of the expansion valve, the acceleration of the external fan, and the up-conversion speed of the compressor, respectively. When the temperature difference is small, the indoor environment temperature is close to the set temperature, the desire of a user for controlling the air conditioner to perform rapid refrigeration is not strong, at the moment, the valve closing speed of the expansion valve, the acceleration of the external fan and the frequency raising speed of the compressor which are calculated according to the first fitting formula, the second fitting formula and the third fitting formula are relatively low, the expansion valve is closed to the reference opening degree according to the valve closing speed, and the external fan is raised to the maximum rotating speed according to the acceleration, the compressor is raised according to the frequency raising speed, the refrigeration effect of the air conditioner can be guaranteed, and meanwhile, the operation stability and the operation noise of the expansion valve, the external fan and the compressor are improved; when the temperature difference is large, the indoor environment temperature is far away from the set temperature, the user urgently needs the air conditioner to perform quick refrigeration at the moment, the valve closing speed of the expansion valve calculated according to the first fitting formula, the second fitting formula and the third fitting formula, the acceleration of the outer fan and the frequency raising speed of the compressor are relatively high, the expansion valve is quickly closed to the reference opening degree according to the valve closing speed, and the outer fan is quickly raised to the maximum rotating speed according to the acceleration, the compressor is quickly raised according to the frequency raising speed, so that the quick refrigeration of the air conditioner can be realized, the refrigeration time is greatly shortened, and good use experience is brought to the user.
The opening degree of the expansion valve is reduced to the reference opening degree before the compressor is started, the opening degree of the expansion valve can be matched with the compressor when the compressor is started, the situation that the opening degree of the expansion valve is not well matched with the compressor due to the fact that the expansion valve is started together with the compressor is avoided, and the refrigerating effect after the compressor is started is further improved. The outer fan is controlled to be accelerated to the target rotating speed before the compressor is started, namely, the air is driven to flow at a high rotating speed in advance to be used for heat dissipation of the compressor and the outdoor unit, so that the compressor has a good heat dissipation condition when being started, the situation that the heat dissipation effect of the compressor is poor due to the fact that the outer fan is started along with the compressor is avoided, and the refrigeration effect after the compressor is started is further improved. The control method of the air conditioner comprises the steps of determining the stable working frequency of the compressor through the outdoor environment temperature, determining the opening of the electronic expansion valve according to the target exhaust temperature of the compressor after the electronic expansion valve is closed to the reference opening, and adjusting the rotating speed of the external fan according to the outdoor environment temperature and the working frequency of the compressor after the external fan is accelerated to the maximum rotating speed.
Further, repeated experiments, observation, analysis and comparison of the inventor show that the frequency raising speed of the compressor can be stably controlled to be 0.5-30Hz/s on the premise of ensuring the stable operation of the compressor by accurately controlling the oil output of the compressor, the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve, the rotating speed of the outer fan, the oil-liquid separator and the like, and particularly the maximum frequency raising speed can reach astonishing 30 Hz/s. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the prior art compressors typically have a frequency up-conversion rate of 0.5 to 1Hz/s, and that few compressors achieve the frequency up-conversion rate of the present invention while maintaining stable operation. Therefore, when the air conditioner performs quick refrigeration, the frequency increasing speed of the air conditioner can be increased by multiple times or even tens of times compared with the prior art, so that the frequency jump of the air conditioner is realized, and the use experience of a user is greatly improved.
Of course, the above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the inventionThe protection scope is that under the condition of not deviating from the principle of the invention, the technical personnel in the field can also adjust the parameters in any form, as long as the adjusted technical scheme can improve the frequency raising speed on the premise of ensuring the normal oil return of the compressor. For example, the forms of the first fitting formula, the second fitting formula and the third fitting formula and the parameters of the air conditioner may be adjusted based on different application scenarios, for example, the third fitting formula may also be vy＝k△T2+ b, etc. For another example, the number and end point values of the temperature difference intervals are not constant, and those skilled in the art can adjust the temperature difference intervals based on actual application scenarios. For another example, the target opening degree may be another opening degree of the electronic expansion valve or an opening degree value near the reference opening degree, and correspondingly, when the target opening degree is smaller than the reference opening degree, the compressor may start the frequency increase after the electronic expansion valve reaches the target opening degree, and when the target opening degree value is larger than the reference opening degree, the compressor may start the frequency increase before the electronic expansion valve reaches the target opening degree. For another example, the target rotation speed may also be another rotation speed of the external fan or an opening value near the maximum rotation speed, and correspondingly, when the target rotation speed is less than the maximum rotation speed, the compressor may start up frequency boost after the external fan reaches the target rotation speed, and when the target rotation speed is greater than the maximum rotation speed, the compressor may start up frequency boost before the external fan reaches the target rotation speed. For another example, after the electronic expansion valve reaches the reference opening degree, the electronic expansion valve may be adjusted according to the outdoor environment temperature and/or the corresponding relationship between the frequency of the compressor and the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve, and the rotation speed of the external fan may be adjusted according to the corresponding relationship between the outdoor environment temperature and the frequency of the compressor and the rotation speed of the external fan (see table 3 below).
TABLE 3 outer fan speed control table (2)
Figure GDA0002606349330000121
Wherein, TaoRepresenting the outdoor ambient temperature, f representing the operating frequency of the compressor, rwRepresenting the rotational speed of the outer fan.
In addition, to further improve the refrigeration efficiency of the air conditionerIf so, the frequency raising stage of the compressor may be further subdivided into a plurality of frequency raising sub-stages, and correspondingly, each frequency raising sub-stage includes a third fitting sub-formula, and the third fitting sub-formulas may be different from each other only in coefficient or formula. For example, the frequency increasing stage of the compressor may include three frequency increasing sub-stages, and each frequency increasing sub-stage corresponds to a third fitting sub-formula of vy1＝k1△T+b1、vy2＝k2△ T+b2、vy3＝k3△T+b3. After the set temperature is adjusted by a user, the control system respectively calculates the frequency increasing speed of each frequency increasing sub-stage of the corresponding compressor according to each third fitting sub-formula, and then controls the compressor to sequentially increase the frequency according to the frequency increasing speed of each frequency increasing sub-stage. If the relationship of the frequency raising speeds of the three frequency raising sub-stages is calculated as vy1>vy2>vy3(of course, the relationship may be other such as vy1<vy2<vy3Etc.), then through controlling the compressor with the mode that the speed of rising frequency reduces gradually, when realizing the quick refrigeration of air conditioner, guarantee that the compressor oil return is normal, reduce the process noise gradually, increase of service life.
The following briefly describes the operation flow of an air conditioner to which the control method of the present invention is applied, with reference to fig. 1 to 4. The working process of the air conditioner can be as follows:
air conditioner start → selection of refrigeration mode and adjustment of set temperature → calculation of temperature difference between indoor ambient temperature and set temperature to 10 ℃ → calculation of valve closing speed v of expansion valve according to first fitting formulapCalculating the acceleration a of the outer fan according to a second fitting formulawCalculating the raising frequency speed v of the compressor according to a third fitting formulayWhile determining a stable operating frequency f from Table 1w→ the electronic expansion valve closes according to the valve closing speed vpWhen the valve is closed quickly, the external fan is driven according to the acceleration awFast speed raising → electronic expansion valve closing to standard opening and outer fan raising speed to maximum speed, compressor raising speed v according to raising frequency speedyPerforming fast frequency raising → after a period of time the compressor reaches stable working frequency fwThen the frequency is maintained, the opening degree B of the electronic expansion valve is adjusted according to the target exhaust temperature of the compressor, and the rotating speed r of the external fanwAdjusted according to table 3.
Finally, although the embodiment is described by taking a cooling mode as an example, it is obvious that such an application scenario is not constant, and those skilled in the art may also apply the control method of the present invention to other modes of an air conditioner, such as a heating mode or a dehumidification mode of an air conditioner, without departing from the principle of the present invention.
So far, the technical solutions of the present invention have been described in connection with the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings, but it is easily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Equivalent changes or substitutions of related technical features can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, and the technical scheme after the changes or substitutions can fall into the protection scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A starting control method of an air conditioner, the air conditioner comprises a compressor, an expansion valve and an external fan, and is characterized in that the control method comprises the following steps:
after the air conditioner is started and receives the operation mode and the set temperature, calculating the temperature difference between the indoor environment temperature and the set temperature;
calculating the valve closing speed of the expansion valve according to a first fitting formula;
calculating the acceleration of the outer fan according to a second fitting formula;
calculating the frequency increasing speed of the compressor in the frequency increasing stage according to a third fitting formula;
controlling the expansion valve to close the valve to a target opening degree according to the valve closing speed;
controlling the outer fan to increase to a target rotating speed according to the acceleration while, before or after the expansion valve closes to the target opening according to the valve closing speed;
when the expansion valve and/or the outer fan reach set conditions, controlling the compressor to perform frequency boosting according to the frequency boosting speed;
the first fitting formula is determined according to the corresponding relation between the temperature difference and the valve closing speed of the expansion valve; the second fitting formula is determined according to the corresponding relation between the temperature difference and the acceleration of the outer fan; the third fitting formula is determined according to a corresponding relationship between the temperature difference and the frequency increasing speed of the compressor.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
judging whether the frequency of the compressor reaches a stable working frequency or not;
stopping the frequency increasing of the compressor when the frequency of the compressor reaches the stable working frequency;
and the stable working frequency is determined according to the corresponding relation between the outdoor environment temperature and the stable working frequency.
3. The startup control method of an air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein after the step of "calculating the temperature difference between the indoor ambient temperature and the set temperature", the control method further comprises:
judging whether the temperature difference is in a preset temperature difference interval or not;
and when the temperature difference is in the temperature difference interval, calculating the frequency increasing speed of the compressor in the frequency increasing stage according to the third fitting formula.
4. The startup control method of an air conditioner according to claim 3, characterized by further comprising:
when the temperature difference is smaller than the minimum value of the temperature difference interval, calculating the frequency increasing speed of the compressor in the frequency increasing stage according to the minimum value of the temperature difference interval and the third fitting formula; or
And when the temperature difference is larger than the maximum value of the temperature difference interval, calculating the frequency increasing speed of the compressor in the frequency increasing stage according to the maximum value of the temperature difference interval according to the third fitting formula.
5. The method for controlling the start-up of an air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein the target opening degree is a reference opening degree of the expansion valve, the target rotation speed is a maximum rotation speed of the external fan, and the step of controlling the compressor to perform the frequency up according to the frequency up speed when the expansion valve and/or the external fan reach a set condition further comprises:
and when the opening degree of the expansion valve reaches the reference opening degree and/or when the external fan reaches the maximum rotating speed, controlling the compressor to perform frequency boosting according to the frequency boosting speed.
6. The startup control method of an air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein after the step of controlling the expansion valve to close the valve to a target opening degree at the valve closing speed, the control method further comprises:
and adjusting the opening degree of the expansion valve according to the target exhaust temperature of the compressor.
7. The startup control method of an air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein after the step of "controlling the outer fan to increase in speed to a target rotation speed in accordance with the acceleration", the control method further comprises:
and adjusting the rotating speed of the outer fan according to the corresponding relation between the outdoor environment temperature and/or the frequency of the compressor and the rotating speed of the outer fan.
8. A start-up control method of an air conditioner according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein the frequency-up stage comprises a plurality of frequency-up sub-stages, the third fitting formula correspondingly comprises a plurality of third fitting sub-formulas, and calculating the frequency-up speed of the compressor in the frequency-up stage according to the third fitting formula further comprises:
and respectively calculating the frequency increasing speed of each frequency increasing sub-stage of the compressor according to each third fitting sub-formula.
9. The method for controlling the start-up of an air conditioner according to claim 8, wherein the step of controlling the compressor to perform the frequency up-conversion in accordance with the frequency up-conversion speed further comprises:
and controlling the compressor to continuously increase the frequency according to the frequency increasing speed of each frequency increasing sub-stage.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein the temperature difference is proportional to a closing speed of the expansion valve; and/or the temperature difference is in direct proportion to the acceleration of the outer fan; and/or the temperature difference is in direct proportion to the raising frequency speed of the compressor; and/or the up-conversion speed is any value of 0.5Hz/s-30 Hz/s.
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