CN108758790B - Tracking energy-saving heating system and method - Google Patents
Tracking energy-saving heating system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108758790B CN108758790B CN201810825536.5A CN201810825536A CN108758790B CN 108758790 B CN108758790 B CN 108758790B CN 201810825536 A CN201810825536 A CN 201810825536A CN 108758790 B CN108758790 B CN 108758790B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
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Abstract
The invention discloses a tracking energy-saving heating system and a method, comprising a positioning device, a temperature measuring device, a coordination control system and a heating device, wherein the positioning device is used for positioning a human body and sending positioning information to the coordination control system; the temperature measuring device measures the ambient temperature of the human body and transmits temperature information to the coordination control system; the coordination control system receives the position information and the temperature information of the person, and controls one or more heating devices needing to work to move to a specified position according to the position information of the person; the temperature measuring device measures the ambient temperature of a person in real time, the temperature information is sent to the coordination control system, and the coordination control system adjusts the working power of the heating device according to the current temperature; the invention can position the personnel in the area and measure the ambient temperature around the personnel, the heating device moves to the vicinity of the personnel to directly heat the area around the personnel, and the function of automatic tracking heating is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of heating, in particular to a tracking energy-saving heating system and a tracking energy-saving heating method.
Background
The heating system refers to a process of adjusting and controlling the temperature of air in the environment of a building or structure by manual means, and along with the progress of society and the development of technology, the heating system is widely applied to most large-scale occasions, such as schools, factories or office buildings.
With the increasing prominence of energy problems, energy conservation and use are particularly necessary, but the existing heating system such as an air conditioning system heats the whole area, for example, an air conditioner in a factory or an air conditioner in a large mall, and the heating or cooling is the heating or cooling of the whole factory area or the mall area, and the heating process is slow, long in heating time and high in energy consumption, even if a small number of people in the area can heat the whole area, even if no people exist, the heating system can be completely closed for a long time, and a great amount of waste of resources is easily caused.
The existing heating system does not have the function of performing targeted local temperature control on a single body or a small number of targets in a large area, so the research on the direction can greatly reduce the energy consumption of the heating system in the large area, and has very important significance on the continuous development of energy.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of low heating speed, long heating time and overhigh energy consumption caused by heating the whole area of the existing heating system such as an air conditioning system, and provides a tracking energy-saving heating system and a method.
The invention realizes the purpose through the following technical scheme: a tracking energy-saving heating system comprises a positioning device, a temperature measuring device, a coordination control system and a heating device, wherein the positioning device is used for positioning personnel in an area and sending positioning information to the coordination control system; the temperature measuring device measures the ambient temperature around the personnel in the area and transmits the temperature information to the coordination control system; the coordination control system receives position information of personnel in the area and ambient temperature information around the personnel in the area, and controls one or more heating devices needing to work to move to a specified position according to the position information of the personnel in the area; the coordination control system adjusts the working power of the heating device according to the ambient temperature information around the personnel in the area; in the working process of the heating device, the temperature measuring device measures the ambient temperature information around the personnel in the area in real time, and sends the ambient temperature information to the coordination control system to realize the feedback regulation of the ambient temperature;
the positioning device positions people in an area by adopting an ultra-wideband technology, namely the UWB technology, and transmits data by sending and receiving extremely narrow pulses with nanosecond or nanosecond level or below; the positioning device comprises a label, an anchor point and a positioning server, wherein the label and the anchor point have the functions of sending and receiving extremely narrow pulses with nanosecond or below, the label is a to-be-positioned object which is carried by personnel in a mobile area with unknown coordinates, the anchor point is a node with known absolute coordinates and comprises a plurality of slave anchor points and a master anchor point, the slave anchor points directly communicate with the label to complete a distance measurement process, the master anchor point is responsible for collecting the distance measurement result of the slave anchor points, filtering invalid results, sending the invalid result to the positioning server for positioning calculation after preliminary data arrangement, and sending a time calibration packet to the slave anchor points for synchronization; the positioning server receives ranging information sent by the main anchor point and calculates a positioning result;
the temperature measuring device measures the target environment temperature by adopting a contact type measuring method, the temperature measuring device comprises a work clothes and temperature sensors arranged on the work clothes, the temperature sensors are respectively arranged on the front part, the rear part and two sleeves of the work clothes, a person in an area needs to wear the work clothes, when the environment temperature around the person in the area needs to be detected, the four temperature sensors on the work clothes simultaneously work to detect the surrounding environment temperature, and the obtained environment temperature is averaged to obtain the surrounding environment temperature information;
the heating device is a plurality of fixed infrared lamps or hot air ports, the heating devices are distributed in an array mode, all the heating devices are completely the same, and the distance between every two adjacent heating devices in the transverse and longitudinal directions is equal.
The position of the heating device is kept unchanged for the infrared lamp or the hot air port, the n heating devices are arranged at a certain height as required, and the heating device needing to work executes a heating strategy.
Further, the temperature sensor is a thermal resistance temperature sensor or a thermocouple temperature sensor.
Furthermore, the whole area is divided into a plurality of sub-areas, the plurality of heating devices are responsible for heating one sub-area, and when the number of people in the sub-area is more than that of the heating devices, the system control system calculates the positions of the heating devices according to the principle that the heat quantity obtained by all people is equal and the total energy is maximum; when the number of people in the subarea is less than or equal to the number of heating devices, one or more heating devices are configured for each person, and the heating devices move along with the position movement of the person.
A tracking energy-saving heating method comprises the following steps: the positioning device positions the target in real time and sends the position information to the coordination control system; the coordination control system controls one or more heating devices needing to work to move to a specified position according to the position information of the target; the temperature measuring device measures the ambient temperature of the target in real time and sends temperature information to the coordination control system; the coordination control system adjusts the working power of the heating device according to the current temperature;
the positioning device adopts an ultra-wideband technology, namely the UWB technology to position, and transmits data by sending and receiving extremely narrow pulses with nanosecond or below nanosecond level; the positioning device comprises a label, an anchor point and a positioning server, wherein the label is a moving target with unknown coordinates and to be positioned, the anchor point is a node with known position or absolute coordinates and comprises a plurality of slave anchor points and a master anchor point, the slave anchor points directly communicate with the label to complete a distance measurement process, the master anchor point is responsible for collecting distance measurement results of the slave anchor points, filtering invalid results, sending the invalid results to the positioning server for positioning calculation after preliminary data arrangement, and sending a time calibration packet to the slave anchor points for synchronization; the positioning server calculates a positioning result through the ranging information sent by the main anchor point;
the temperature measuring device measures the ambient temperature of a target by adopting a contact type measuring method, a thermal resistance temperature sensor or a thermocouple sensor is arranged on a work clothes, the ambient temperature of the periphery of the target can be measured only by wearing the work clothes, the thermal resistance temperature sensor or the thermocouple sensor is respectively arranged at the front part, the rear part and two sleeves of the work clothes, when the ambient temperature of the periphery of the target needs to be detected, 4 sensors on the work clothes work at the same time to detect the ambient temperature, and the obtained results are averaged to be the ambient temperature;
the heating devices are infrared lamps or hot air ports, the positions of the heating devices are kept unchanged, the n heating devices are arranged at a certain height as required, and the heating devices needing to work execute a heating strategy;
when the heating device is an infrared lamp, the radiation illumination value q of the infrared lamp received at a certain point is related to the distance r from the point to the axis of the infrared lamp and the heating current I, and the radiation illumination value q of the infrared lamp received at a certain point is as follows:
q＝f(r,I)；
when the heating device is a hot air port, the unit area heating power P received by a certain point is related to the distance l from the point to the hot air port, the air outlet speed v and the air outlet temperature t, and the unit area heating power received by a certain point is as follows:
p＝f(l,v,t)；
the coordination control system is used for receiving the position information and the temperature information and formulating a control strategy to control the corresponding heating device to supply heat to the target; when one or more targets are in a heating area, the radiant illumination value or the heating power per unit area of each target needs to reach a certain value; when m targets exist in an area, in order to meet the heat supply requirement, the coordination control system makes a control strategy and transmits the control strategy to a heating device needing to work; the control strategy includes controlling which heating devices are operated and at what power the heating devices are heating;
the specific control strategy is as follows:
when a plurality of heating devices exist, the decision method of the heat supply quantity of the specific heating device and the heat supply quantity of each heating device is as follows: suppose there are n heating devices, the number is: 1, L, n; power per heating device is OiIn which O isi>0: the total m positions needing heat supply are numbered as follows: the heat quantity needed to be provided by the 1, L, m, j heating source in unit time is QjTo maintain or reach its desired temperature tjWherein j is 1, L, m and Qj>0, the heating device i can provide heat P in unit time for the heating source jij；
Step 1: for each heating device i
According to
Rearrange the corresponding decision variable x from small to large values ofiWherein the content of the first and second substances,
x having the smallest value ofiBecomes x1X with the largest valueiBecomes xnThe decision scheme uses a binary number X ═ X (X)1x2L xn)2Is shown, e.g., X ═ 00L 01)2Indicating that the nth heating device after rearrangement is turned on and the rest is turned off;
step 2: let Y be ═ infinity,
the currently adopted scheme is X ═ X (X)1x2L xn)2＝(00L 1)2(ii) a According to QjIs ordered from large to small, i.e. Q, for its constraintjOf greatest valueSet to the first constraint, the second largest to the second constraint, …, the smallest to the last constraint;
step 3: calculating an objective function value for the current solution
If the objective function value is smaller than Y, setting the first constraint as the current constraint, otherwise, turning to Step 6;
step 4: according to the current scheme X ═ X1x2L xn)2Judging whether the current constraint condition is met, if so, turning to Step5, otherwise, turning to Step 6;
step 5: judging whether constraints exist or not, if so, taking down one constraint as the current constraint, and turning to Step 4; otherwise, updating the optimal decision scheme
For the current scheme X, let Y be the objective function value of the current decision scheme X, go to Step 6;
step 6: judging X + 1. ltoreq (11L 1)2If yes, taking the next scheme, namely taking X +1 as the current scheme, and turning to Step 3; otherwise go to Step 7;
step 7: after the algorithm is finished, outputting an optimal decision scheme
And a corresponding optimum value Y, if Y ═ infinity,
it indicates that the problem has no feasible solution;
wherein x isiIs a decision variable, 0 in 0or 1 means that the ith heating device is turned off, and the opening 1 means that the ith heating device is turned on;
j is 1, L, m and xi0or 1 as a constraint condition, wherein
The total energy consumption is minimized, j is 1, and m represents that the heat source provided by each heating source to the heat source is more than or equal to the required quantity of the heating source; and xi0or 1 represents the value range of the decision variable.
Furthermore, the positioning device uses the time difference of arrival positioning algorithm, i.e. TDOA positioning algorithm, as a core algorithm, the TDOA positioning algorithm is established and solved through a mathematical model, which mainly utilizes the characteristics of hyperbolas in mathematics, when two fixed points exist, the other moving point is on the hyperbola taking the two fixed points as focuses, and when two or more groups of data structures exist simultaneously, the intersection point of the hyperbolas is the required position of the target object.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention can position and measure the ambient temperature of people in the area, adjust the position and direction of the heating device, the heating temperature, the working quantity of the heating device and the like according to the position and the ambient temperature of the people in the area, the heating device moves to the vicinity of the people to directly heat the area around the people, and the position and the direction of the heating device move along with the people, thereby realizing the function of automatically tracking and heating.
2. The invention can position the personnel in the area in real time, and the heating device can move along with the position of the personnel, thereby realizing the function of tracking and heating.
3. The invention does not need to heat the whole environment, only heats the surrounding area of personnel, and has the advantages of high temperature rising speed, short heating time and low energy consumption.
4. When the number of people in the area is small, the heating devices corresponding to the people work, and the rest heating devices can be in a standby state; when no person is in the area, the heating system stops working, the defects of the existing heating system are effectively overcome, and energy consumption is reduced.
5. The invention adopts UWB technology to position, the target carries a label, high-precision positioning of the target in the room can be realized, and the accuracy of the heating position is improved; the UWB technology has the advantages of strong penetrating power, low power consumption, good multipath resistance effect, high safety, low system complexity, high positioning precision and the like, and has a very good effect for positioning tracking or navigation of indoor moving objects.
6. According to the invention, the thermal resistance temperature sensor or the thermocouple sensor is arranged on the working clothes, so that the ambient temperature around the target can be accurately measured; thermal resistance is a resistance that is relatively sensitive to temperature, and the resistance of a conductor is related to its temperature, since the motion of free electrons and atomic lattice vibrations is also related to temperature; the basic principle of thermocouple temperature measurement is that two conductors made of different materials form a closed loop, when temperature gradients exist at two ends, current can pass through the loop, the environment temperature can be measured by the two methods to obtain accurate results, and the environment temperature around personnel in a reaction area can be better measured by combining the results obtained by averaging four temperature sensors.
7. The heating device provided by the invention adopts the infrared lamp or the hot air port, the heating main body serving as a core does not need to move, the whole mechanical structure is simple, the whole cost is reduced, the heating device can rotate, the direction of the heating device can change along with the change of a target position, the function of tracking heating is realized, the heating effect is improved, and the energy consumption is reduced.
8. The invention adjusts the heating power according to the temperature around the target, and improves the comfort level of the surrounding environment of the target.
9. When the number of targets in the sub-area is small, the heating devices corresponding to the targets work, and the rest heating devices can be in a standby state; when no target exists in the area, the heating system stops working, the defects of the existing heating system are effectively overcome, and energy consumption is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the basic structure of the trace energy saving heating system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the positioning device of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of the tracking energy-saving heating method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
as shown in fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 3, a tracking energy-saving heating system includes a positioning device, a temperature measuring device, a coordination control system and a heating device, wherein the positioning device is used for positioning a human body and sending positioning information to the coordination control system; the temperature measuring device measures the ambient temperature of the human body and transmits temperature information to the coordination control system; the coordination control system receives the position information and the temperature information of the person, and controls one or more heating devices needing to work to move to a specified position according to the position information of the person; the temperature measuring device measures the ambient temperature of a person in real time, the temperature information is sent to the coordination control system, and the coordination control system adjusts the working power of the heating device according to the current temperature;
the positioning device adopts an ultra-wideband technology, namely the UWB technology to position, and transmits data by sending and receiving extremely narrow pulses with nanosecond or below nanosecond level; the positioning device comprises a label, an anchor point and a positioning server, wherein the label is an object to be positioned with unknown coordinates, the anchor point is a node with a known position or known absolute coordinates, the anchor point comprises a plurality of slave anchor points and master anchor points, the slave anchor points directly communicate with the label to complete a distance measurement process, the master anchor points are responsible for collecting distance measurement results of the slave anchor points, invalid results are filtered, and the master anchor points send the positioning server to perform positioning calculation after preliminary data arrangement and send time calibration packets to the slave anchor points for synchronization. The positioning server calculates a positioning result through the ranging information sent by the main anchor point;
the temperature measuring device measures the ambient temperature of a target by adopting a contact type measuring method, a thermal resistance temperature sensor or a thermocouple sensor is arranged on a work clothes, the ambient temperature of the periphery of the target can be measured only by wearing the work clothes, the thermal resistance temperature sensor or the thermocouple sensor is respectively arranged at the front part, the rear part and two sleeves of the work clothes, when the ambient temperature of the periphery of the target needs to be detected, 4 sensors on the work clothes work at the same time to detect the ambient temperature, and the obtained results are averaged to be the ambient temperature;
the heating devices are infrared lamps or hot air ports, the positions of the heating devices are kept unchanged, the n heating devices are arranged at a certain height as required, and the heating devices needing to work execute a heating strategy.
Dividing the whole area into a plurality of sub-areas, wherein the plurality of heating devices are responsible for heating one sub-area, and when the number of people in the sub-area is more than that of the heating devices, the system control system calculates the positions of the heating devices according to the principle that the heat quantity obtained by each person is equal and the total energy is maximum; when the number of people in the subarea is less than or equal to the number of heating devices, one or more heating devices are configured for each person, and the heating devices move along with the position movement of the person.
A tracking energy-saving heating method comprises the following steps: the positioning device positions the target in real time and sends the position information to the coordination control system; the coordination control system controls one or more heating devices needing to work to move to a specified position according to the position information of the target; the temperature measuring device measures the ambient temperature of the target in real time and sends temperature information to the coordination control system; the coordination control system adjusts the working power of the heating device according to the current temperature;
the positioning device adopts an ultra-wideband technology, namely the UWB technology to position, and transmits data by sending and receiving extremely narrow pulses with nanosecond or below nanosecond level; the positioning device comprises a label, an anchor point and a positioning server, wherein the label is a moving target with unknown coordinates and to be positioned, the anchor point is a node with known position or absolute coordinates and comprises a plurality of slave anchor points and a master anchor point, the slave anchor points directly communicate with the label to complete a distance measurement process, the master anchor point is responsible for collecting distance measurement results of the slave anchor points, filtering invalid results, sending the invalid results to the positioning server for positioning calculation after preliminary data arrangement, and sending a time calibration packet to the slave anchor points for synchronization; the positioning server calculates a positioning result through the ranging information sent by the main anchor point;
the temperature measuring device measures the ambient temperature of a target by adopting a contact type measuring method, a thermal resistance temperature sensor or a thermocouple sensor is arranged on a work clothes, the ambient temperature of the periphery of the target can be measured only by wearing the work clothes, the thermal resistance temperature sensor or the thermocouple sensor is respectively arranged at the front part, the rear part and two sleeves of the work clothes, when the ambient temperature of the periphery of the target needs to be detected, 4 sensors on the work clothes work at the same time to detect the ambient temperature, and the obtained results are averaged to be the ambient temperature;
the heating devices are infrared lamps or hot air ports, the positions of the heating devices are kept unchanged, the n heating devices are arranged at a certain height as required, and the heating devices needing to work execute a heating strategy;
when the heating device is an infrared lamp, the radiation illumination value q of the infrared lamp received at a certain point is related to the distance r from the point to the axis of the infrared lamp and the heating current I, and the radiation illumination value q of the infrared lamp received at a certain point is as follows:
q＝f(r,I)；
when the heating device is a hot air port, the unit area heating power P received by a certain point is related to the distance l from the point to the hot air port, the air outlet speed v and the air outlet temperature t, and the unit area heating power received by a certain point is as follows:
p＝f(l,v,t)；
the coordination control system is used for receiving the position information and the temperature information and formulating a control strategy to control the corresponding heating device to supply heat to the target; when one or more targets are in a heating area, the radiant illumination value or the heating power per unit area of each target needs to reach a certain value; when m targets exist in an area, in order to meet the heat supply requirement, the coordination control system makes a control strategy and transmits the control strategy to a heating device needing to work; the control strategy includes controlling which heating devices are operated and at what power the heating devices are heating;
the specific control strategy is as follows:
when a plurality of heating devices exist, the decision method of the heat supply quantity of the specific heating device and the heat supply quantity of each heating device is as follows: suppose there are n heating devices, the number is: 1, L, n; each heating device has a power ofOiIn which O isi>0: the total m positions needing heat supply are numbered as follows: the heat quantity needed to be provided by the 1, L, m, j heating source in unit time is QjTo maintain or reach its desired temperature tjWherein j is 1, L, m and Qj>0, the heating device i can provide heat P in unit time for the heating source jij；
Step 1: for each heating device i
According to
Rearrange the corresponding decision variable x from small to large values ofiWherein the content of the first and second substances,
x having the smallest value ofiBecomes x1X with the largest valueiBecomes xnThe decision scheme uses a binary number X ═ X (X)1x2L xn)2Is shown, e.g., X ═ 00L 01)2Indicating that the nth heating device after rearrangement is turned on and the rest is turned off;
step 2: let Y be ═ infinity,
the currently adopted scheme is X ═ X (X)1x2L xn)2＝(00L 1)2(ii) a According to QjIs ordered from large to small, i.e. Q, for its constraintjThe largest value is set as the first constraint, the next largest is set as the second constraint, …, and the smallest is set as the last constraint;
step 3: calculating an objective function value for the current solution
If the objective function value is smaller than Y, setting the first constraint as the current constraint, otherwise, turning to Step 6;
step 4: according to the current scheme X ═ X1x2L xn)2Judging whether the current constraint condition is met, if so, turning to Step5, otherwise, turning to Step 6;
step 5: judging whether constraints exist or not, if so, taking down one constraint as the current constraint, and turning to Step 4; otherwise, updating the optimal decision scheme
For the current scheme X, let Y be the objective function value of the current decision scheme X, go to Step 6;
step 6: judging X + 1. ltoreq (11L 1)2If yes, taking the next scheme, namely taking X +1 as the current scheme, and turning to Step 3; otherwise go to Step 7;
step 7: after the algorithm is finished, outputting an optimal decision scheme
And a corresponding optimum value Y, if Y ═ infinity,
it indicates that the problem has no feasible solution;
wherein x isiIs a decision variable, 0 in 0or 1 means that the ith heating device is turned off, and the opening 1 means that the ith heating device is turned on;
j is 1, L, m and xi0or 1 as a constraint condition, wherein
The total energy consumption is minimized, j is 1, and m represents that the heat source provided by each heating source to the heat source is more than or equal to the required quantity of the heating source; and xi0or 1 represents the value range of the decision variable.
The positioning device uses a time difference of arrival positioning algorithm, namely a TDOA positioning algorithm, as a core algorithm of the whole positioning device, the TDOA positioning algorithm is established and solved through a mathematical model, the TDOA positioning algorithm mainly utilizes the characteristic of hyperbolas in mathematics, when two fixed points exist, the other moving point is on the hyperbola taking the two fixed points as focuses, and when two or more groups of data structures exist simultaneously, the intersection point of the hyperbolas is the required position of the target object.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the technical solutions of the present invention, so long as the technical solutions can be realized on the basis of the above embodiments without creative efforts, which should be considered to fall within the protection scope of the patent of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A tracking energy-saving heating system, characterized in that: the device comprises a positioning device, a temperature measuring device, a coordination control system and a heating device, wherein the positioning device is used for positioning a human body and sending positioning information to the coordination control system; the temperature measuring device measures the ambient temperature of the human body and transmits temperature information to the coordination control system; the coordination control system receives the position information and the temperature information of the person, and controls one or more heating devices needing to work to move to a specified position according to the position information of the person; the temperature measuring device measures the ambient temperature of a person in real time, the temperature information is sent to the coordination control system, and the coordination control system adjusts the working power of the heating device according to the current temperature;
the positioning device adopts an ultra-wideband technology, namely the UWB technology to position, and transmits data by sending and receiving extremely narrow pulses with nanosecond or below nanosecond level; the positioning device comprises a label, an anchor point and a positioning server, wherein the label is a mobile object to be positioned with unknown coordinates, the anchor point is a node with a known position or known absolute coordinates and comprises a plurality of slave anchor points and a master anchor point, the slave anchor points directly communicate with the label to complete a distance measurement process, the master anchor point is responsible for collecting distance measurement results of the slave anchor points, filtering invalid results, sending the invalid results to the positioning server for positioning calculation after preliminary data arrangement, and sending a time calibration packet to the slave anchor points for synchronization; the positioning server calculates a positioning result through the ranging information sent by the main anchor point;
the temperature measuring device measures the ambient temperature of a target by adopting a contact type measuring method, a thermal resistance temperature sensor or a thermocouple sensor is arranged on a work clothes, the ambient temperature of the periphery of the target can be measured only by wearing the work clothes, the thermal resistance temperature sensor or the thermocouple sensor is respectively arranged at the front part, the rear part and two sleeves of the work clothes, when the ambient temperature of the periphery of the target needs to be detected, 4 sensors on the work clothes work at the same time to detect the ambient temperature, and the obtained results are averaged to be the ambient temperature;
the heating devices are infrared lamps or hot air ports, the positions of the heating devices are kept unchanged, the n heating devices are arranged at a certain height as required, and the heating devices needing to work execute a heating strategy.
2. The tracking energy saving heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that: dividing the whole area into a plurality of sub-areas, wherein the plurality of heating devices are responsible for heating one sub-area, and when the number of people in the sub-area is more than that of the heating devices, the system control system calculates the positions of the heating devices according to the principle that the heat quantity obtained by each person is equal and the total energy is maximum; when the number of people in the subarea is less than or equal to the number of heating devices, one or more heating devices are configured for each person, and the heating devices move along with the position movement of the person.
3. A tracking energy-saving heating method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps: the positioning device positions the target in real time and sends the position information to the coordination control system; the coordination control system controls one or more heating devices needing to work to move to a specified position according to the position information of the target; the temperature measuring device measures the ambient temperature of the target in real time and sends temperature information to the coordination control system; the coordination control system adjusts the working power of the heating device according to the current temperature;
the positioning device adopts an ultra-wideband technology, namely the UWB technology to position, and transmits data by sending and receiving extremely narrow pulses with nanosecond or below nanosecond level; the positioning device comprises a label, an anchor point and a positioning server, wherein the label is a moving target with unknown coordinates and to be positioned, the anchor point is a node with known position or absolute coordinates and comprises a plurality of slave anchor points and a master anchor point, the slave anchor points directly communicate with the label to complete a distance measurement process, the master anchor point is responsible for collecting distance measurement results of the slave anchor points, filtering invalid results, sending the invalid results to the positioning server for positioning calculation after preliminary data arrangement, and sending a time calibration packet to the slave anchor points for synchronization; the positioning server calculates a positioning result through the ranging information sent by the main anchor point;
the temperature measuring device measures the ambient temperature of a target by adopting a contact type measuring method, a thermal resistance temperature sensor or a thermocouple sensor is arranged on a work clothes, the ambient temperature of the periphery of the target can be measured only by wearing the work clothes, the thermal resistance temperature sensor or the thermocouple sensor is respectively arranged at the front part, the rear part and two sleeves of the work clothes, when the ambient temperature of the periphery of the target needs to be detected, 4 sensors on the work clothes work at the same time to detect the ambient temperature, and the obtained results are averaged to be the ambient temperature;
the heating devices are infrared lamps or hot air ports, the positions of the heating devices are kept unchanged, the n heating devices are arranged at a certain height as required, and the heating devices needing to work execute a heating strategy;
when the heating device is an infrared lamp, the radiation illumination value q of the infrared lamp received at a certain point is related to the distance r from the point to the axis of the infrared lamp and the heating current I, and the radiation illumination value q of the infrared lamp received at a certain point is as follows:
q＝f(r,I)；
when the heating device is a hot air port, the unit area heating power P received by a certain point is related to the distance l from the point to the hot air port, the air outlet speed v and the air outlet temperature t, and the unit area heating power received by a certain point is as follows:
p＝f(l,v,t)；
the coordination control system is used for receiving the position information and the temperature information and formulating a control strategy to control the corresponding heating device to supply heat to the target; when one or more targets are in a heating area, the radiant illumination value or the heating power per unit area of each target needs to reach a certain value; when m targets exist in an area, in order to meet the heat supply requirement, the coordination control system makes a control strategy and transmits the control strategy to a heating device needing to work; the control strategy includes controlling which heating devices are operated and at what power the heating devices are heating;
the specific control strategy is as follows:
when a plurality of heating devices exist, the decision method of the heat supply quantity of the specific heating device and the heat supply quantity of each heating device is as follows: suppose there are n heating devices, the number is: 1, …, n; power per heating device is OiIn which O isiIs more than 0: the total m positions needing heat supply are numbered as follows: 1, …, m, j, the heat source needs to provide Q in unit timejTo maintain or reach its desired temperature tjWherein j is 1, …, m and QjThe heat quantity provided by the heating device i to the heating source j in unit time is P when the temperature is more than 0ij；
Step 1: for each heating device i
According to
Rearrange the corresponding decision variable x from small to large values ofiWherein the content of the first and second substances,
x having the smallest value ofiBecomes x1X with the largest valueiBecomes xnThe decision scheme uses a binary number X ═ X (X)1 x2 … xn)2Is shown, e.g., X ═ 00 … 01 (01)2Indicating that the nth heating device after rearrangement is turned on and the rest is turned off;
step 2: let Y be ═ infinity,
the currently adopted scheme is X ═ X (X)1 x2 … xn)2＝(0 0 … 1)2(ii) a According to QjIs ordered from large to small, i.e. Q, for its constraintjThe largest value is set as the first constraint, the next largest is set as the second constraint, …, and the smallest is set as the last constraint;
step 3: calculating an objective function value for the current solution
If the objective function value is smaller than Y, setting the first constraint as the current constraint, otherwise, turning to Step 6;
step 4: according to the current scheme X ═ X1 x2 … xn)2Judging whether the current constraint condition is met, if so, turning to Step5, otherwise, turning to Step 6;
step 5: judging whether constraints exist or not, if so, taking down one constraint as the current constraint, and turning to Step 4; otherwise, updating the optimal decision scheme
For the current scheme X, let Y be the objective function value of the current decision scheme X, go to Step 6;
step 6: judging X +1 ≦ (11 … 1)2If yes, taking the next scheme, namely taking X +1 as the current scheme, and turning to Step 3; otherwise go to Step 7;
step 7: after the algorithm is finished, outputting an optimal decision scheme
And a corresponding optimum value Y, if Y ═ infinity,
it indicates that the problem has no feasible solution;
wherein x isiIs a decision variable, 0 in 0or 1 means that the ith heating device is turned off, and the opening 1 means that the ith heating device is turned on;
j is 1, …, m and xi0or 1 as a constraint condition, wherein
An objective function, namely, minimizing the total energy consumption, wherein j is 1, …, and m represents that each heating source supplies a heat source which is equal to or more than the required amount of the heating source; and xi0or 1 represents the value range of the decision variable.
4. The trace energy saving heating method according to claim 3, wherein: the positioning device uses a time difference of arrival positioning algorithm, namely a TDOA positioning algorithm, as a core algorithm of the whole positioning device, the TDOA positioning algorithm is established and solved through a mathematical model, the TDOA positioning algorithm mainly utilizes the characteristic of hyperbolas in mathematics, when two fixed points exist, the other moving point is on the hyperbola taking the two fixed points as focuses, and when two or more groups of data structures exist simultaneously, the intersection point of the hyperbolas is the required position of the target object.
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