CN108756876A - Novel broken rock arm, broken rock machine and its rock breaking method - Google Patents
Novel broken rock arm, broken rock machine and its rock breaking method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108756876A CN108756876A CN201810811177.8A CN201810811177A CN108756876A CN 108756876 A CN108756876 A CN 108756876A CN 201810811177 A CN201810811177 A CN 201810811177A CN 108756876 A CN108756876 A CN 108756876A
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000000245 forearm Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 23
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 abstract 5
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010285 flame spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008642 heat stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C27/00—Machines which completely free the mineral from the seam
- E21C27/20—Mineral freed by means not involving slitting
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C31/00—Driving means incorporated in machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam
- E21C31/02—Driving means incorporated in machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam for cutting or breaking-down devices
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
Novel broken rock arm, broken rock machine and its rock breaking method, including forearm, top are equipped with the destroyer of the first and second articulated sections, the first articulated section and forearm lower hinge, and the second articulated section is connect by broken oil cylinder with forearm top；Forearm lower end is equipped with the first inclusion cavity, and the first and second articulated section is respectively arranged on that the first inclusion cavity is inside and outside, and broken the second articulated section of hydraulic oil cylinder driving is rotated centered on the hinge joint of the first articulated section；Broken oil cylinder contraction promotes the second articulated section that can resist forearm and forming face contact, and destroyer and forearm are integrated state；Broken oil cylinder is stretched out, and the second articulated section is away from each other with forearm, and destroyer and forearm are discrete state.The present invention saves Swing Arm and cap ned, and structure simplifies, and improves efficiency of assembling, reduces processing cost；The adjustable angle of destroyer increases whole flexibility；Destroyer resists forearm when broken oil cylinder is shunk to a certain extent, is integral with, and improves digging force, while having certain protective role to broken oil cylinder.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of excavating equipment, and particularly relates to a novel rock breaking arm and a rock breaking machine.
Background
Rock breaking is a process for breaking part of rock mass away from a matrix and breaking the rock mass into rock blocks in mining operation, and the prior art mainly comprises four types of explosive breaking, mechanical breaking, water jet breaking, thermal breaking and the like.
Wherein, explosion and fragmentation: the rock is crushed by using huge energy instantaneously released by explosives or other explosives, and the application is the most extensive and effective at present.
Mechanical crushing: the method comprises four modes of cutting, punching, rolling and grinding. When breaking rock, the rock breaking tool enters the rock, and compact nuclei appear in the rock body in front of the tool in moving. Larger pieces of crumble are produced around the dense core. The main reason why mechanical crushing is not widely used in hard rock is that the tools wear heavily. The extent of wear depends primarily on the content and particle size of the hard minerals (primarily quartz) in the rock.
Water jet crushing: the device is divided into a low-pressure large flow and a high-pressure small flow. The pressure of the former is not more than 2 x 107Pa, and the former is mainly used for hydraulic mining or coal mining (hydraulic coal mining method, sand open-pit hydraulic mining); the latter pressure can reach more than several hundred million pascals (Pa) and is used for cutting rocks. In addition, pulsed jet technology has been developed to effectively break up strong rock without the need for significant power. The highest instantaneous pressure at present reaches 5.6 GPa. The high-pressure water jet has high energy consumption for breaking rock and complicated mechanical structure, and is used as an auxiliary means for breaking rock for a heading machine and an open-air roller-cone drilling machine.
Thermal crushing: high temperature gradient is formed in the rock body, and heat stress is formed by utilizing different thermal expansion coefficients of various components of the rock body, so that the rock body is peeled off or crushed. The method has better effect when the rock containing more quartz is used. Modern heating methods include thermite, flame spray, plasma flame, microwave, infrared radiation, high energy electron beam, strong breakdown current, laser, etc. However, except for the flame spraying method (flame drill), the others were in the test stage.
In the four processes, mechanical crushing is widely used because of its advantages of high safety and good crushing effect. At present, the mechanical crushing is mainly carried out by carrying a rock breaking machine (a hydraulic breaking hammer, a high-frequency breaking hammer, a scarifier, a rock arm and the like), a stone cracking device, a bulldozer and the like by a common excavator to carry out rock breaking operation.
As shown in figures 2 and 3, the rock arm in the prior art comprises a large arm, a small arm and a breaker, wherein the breaker is connected with a breaking oil cylinder through a swing arm and an I-shaped frame, and has the problems of complex structure, complex installation, short service life and the like; the rock arm in fig. 3 is a physical integrated rock arm, the small arm and the breaker are integrally formed, the service life is prolonged, the excavating force is high, but the problems that the angle of the breaker cannot be adjusted and the breaking object is single and cannot be adjusted exist; therefore, how to design a rock arm which has a simple structure, an adjustable angle of the breaker, high installation efficiency, low processing cost and flexible switching and realizes breaking of objects with different hardness becomes a problem to be solved in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to solve the problems of complex structure and complex installation of the existing rock arm, and provides a novel rock breaking arm which is simple in structure, adjustable in angle of a breaker, high in installation efficiency, low in processing cost, flexible in switching and capable of breaking objects with different hardness.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a novel rock breaking arm comprises
The small arm is in a strip shape, and is wide at the upper part and narrow at the lower part;
the top of the crusher is provided with a first hinge part and a second hinge part, and the first hinge part is hinged with the lower part of the small arm;
the crushing oil cylinder is arranged between the small arm and the crusher, and the second hinged part is connected with the upper part of the small arm through the crushing oil cylinder;
the lower end of the small arm is provided with a first containing cavity, the first hinged part is arranged in the first containing cavity, the second hinged part is arranged outside the first containing cavity, and the crushing oil cylinder drives the second hinged part and rotates by taking a hinged point of the first hinged part as a center; when the crushing oil cylinder contracts to enable the second hinge part to prop against the small arm and form surface contact, the crusher and the small arm are in an integrated state; when the crushing oil cylinder extends, the second hinge part deviates from the contact surface of the small arm, and the crusher and the small arm are in a separated state.
Furthermore, first package holds chamber includes a pair of parallel arrangement's fourth otic placode, the front end of fourth otic placode is inferior arc, the rear end of fourth otic placode is the similar arc that the multisection line formed, two connect the shutoff through the similar arc that a multisection board formed between the rear end of fourth otic placode and form first package holds the chamber.
Further, the first hinge part at the top of the crusher is an arc-shaped convex block, the second hinge part is a connecting block similar to a shape like a Chinese character 'tu', and the top of the connecting block in the shape like the Chinese character 'tu' is arc-shaped;
one side of the arc-shaped part at the top of the convex connecting block, which is close to the first hinge part, is connected with a first inclined plane which extends downwards and is smoothly connected with the first hinge part, the first inclined plane is arranged at the edge of the second hinge part, the upper edge of the first containing cavity is provided with a second inclined plane, and the first inclined plane and the second inclined plane are contact surfaces when the second hinge part and the small arm are propped against each other;
or one side of the arc at the top of the convex connecting block, which is close to the first hinge part, is connected with an L-shaped step surface which extends downwards and is smoothly connected with the first hinge part, the L-shaped step surface is arranged at the edge of the second hinge part, the upper edge of the first containing cavity is provided with an L-shaped groove surface, and the L-shaped step surface and the L-shaped groove surface are contact surfaces when the second hinge part and the small arm are propped against.
Further, an arc-shaped dividing line is arranged below the first hinge part, and the crusher is gradually narrowed from the arc-shaped dividing line downwards.
Furthermore, the narrowest part of the crusher is integrally welded or integrated with a sharp-pointed crushing head, and the outer part of the crushing head is detachably provided with a protective sleeve or a reinforcing sleeve.
The utility model provides a rock breaking machine, includes foretell novel rock arm, still includes automobile body, big arm hydro-cylinder and forearm hydro-cylinder, big arm is articulated with the forearm middle part, rear portion in the big arm with it has the forearm hydro-cylinder to articulate between the rear portion of forearm, broken hydro-cylinder with the forearm hydro-cylinder is located the both sides of forearm respectively, the rear end of big arm articulates on the frame, the frame with it has the big arm hydro-cylinder to articulate between the front end in the big arm.
Furthermore, a second containing cavity is arranged in the middle of the small arm, and the front end of the large arm is arranged in the second containing cavity and hinged with the small arm.
Further, the second containing cavity comprises a pair of third ear plates arranged in parallel, the bottom of each third ear plate is in a shape of an inferior arc, the top of each third ear plate is in a shape of a superior arc, and the bottoms of the third ear plates are connected and blocked through a inferior arc-shaped plate to form the second containing cavity.
A rock breaking method using the rock breaking machine comprises the following steps:
s1: entering a region to be broken and starting the rock breaking machine;
s2: entering a surface layer breaking link, starting a breaking oil cylinder to extend out to enable the second hinge part to be opposite to the contact surface of the small arm, rotating the breaker around the hinge point of the first hinge part, and realizing large-range breaking by the breaking head;
s3: entering a hard layer breaking link, retracting the breaking oil cylinder, enabling the second hinged part to be in surface contact with the small arm, enabling the breaker to tightly abut against the small arm, enabling the breaker and the small arm to be in an integrated state, operating the small arm oil cylinder to stretch, and enabling the breaker and the small arm to break a deep layer or a hard layer under the combined action of self gravity and thrust of the small arm oil cylinder by the breaking head;
s4: according to the actual situation of a breaking area, a breaking oil cylinder is controlled, the integrated and separated state of a breaker and a small arm is switched, and the rapid switching of breaking of a deep layer or a hard layer and a surface layer or a soft layer is realized;
s5: and entering the next rock area to be broken.
Further, after step S2, the method further includes the following steps:
s21, selecting to start the extension and retraction of the large arm oil cylinder, or starting the rotation arrangement of the large arm and the vehicle body, so as to realize the surface layer or soft layer breaking in a larger area range;
or,
the following steps are also included after step S3:
and S31, adjusting the crushing oil cylinder to enable the crusher and the small arm to be in an integrated state, enabling the crushing head to be perpendicular to the crushing object, starting the large arm oil cylinder, enabling the crushing head to go deep into the crushing object, and realizing the crushing of the deep layer or the hard layer.
Compared with the prior art, the novel rock breaking arm has the following advantages:
due to the adoption of the technical scheme:
1. according to the invention, the structure of the small arm and the breaker is improved, namely the front end of the small arm is provided with the first containing cavity, the top of the breaker is provided with the first hinge part and the second hinge part, the first hinge part is hinged in the first containing cavity, and the second hinge part is hinged with the breaking oil cylinder, so that the swinging arm and the I-shaped frame are omitted, the structure is simplified, the assembly efficiency is improved, the processing cost is reduced, the swinging arm is omitted, a force transmission link is reduced, and the transmission efficiency of breaking force is improved.
2. The crushing oil cylinder contracts and expands to enable the crusher and the small arm to be in an integrated or separated state, namely the crusher can abut against the small arm when the crushing oil cylinder contracts (such as when the crushing oil cylinder reaches the bottom) and is integrated with the small arm, so that the crushing force is improved, and the crushing oil cylinder is favorable for playing a role in a hard layer or a deep layer; when the crushing oil cylinder stretches, the crusher and the small arm are in a separated state, the moving range of the crusher is enlarged, and the crushing oil cylinder is beneficial to crushing a surface layer and a soft layer.
In addition, when the breaker and the small arm are integrated, the breaking oil cylinder can be protected to a certain extent, and the service life of the breaking oil cylinder can be prolonged.
3. According to the invention, the first containing cavity is formed by plugging the pair of fourth ear plates which are arranged in parallel and the similar arc-shaped plate formed by the multiple sections of plates between the rear ends of the fourth ear plates and the rear ends of the fourth ear plates, so that a containing space for containing the first hinge part is formed, and the stability control performance of the crusher is improved.
4. The first hinge part of the knapper is a minor arc-shaped convex block, the second hinge part is a similar convex connecting block, the top of the convex connecting block is arc-shaped (or semicircular) and is convenient to hinge and move with a breaking oil cylinder, the left side of the arc-shaped (or semicircular) at the top of the convex connecting block is connected with a first inclined plane which extends downwards and is smoothly connected with the first hinge part, and a second inclined plane which is formed by the last section of the similar superior arc-shaped plate of the first containing cavity close to one side of the second hinge part (the last section of the similar superior arc-shaped plate formed by a plurality of sections of plates close to one side of the second hinge part is a second inclined plane), namely the second inclined plane at the right edge of the first containing cavity and the first inclined plane at the left edge of the top of the knapper are used as contact surfaces when the second hinge part and the small arm support, thereby ensuring the movement, the small arm can be ensured to be in good contact with the knapper, and the stable strength of the small arm and the knapper when the small arm and the knapper become an integrated arm is improved; the L-shaped groove surface and the L-shaped step surface reduce the load of the hinging shaft (pin) of the first hinging part and the small arm, and simultaneously enhance the stability when the small arm is directly connected with the crusher.
5. The crusher starts to narrow downwards from the arc boundary, and a sharp crushing head is arranged at the narrowest position, so that the pressure value at the crushing head is favorably increased, the crushing is favorably realized, and the entering depth of the crushing head can be increased due to small volume; the cracker outside is provided with protective sheath or reinforcement sleeve, can have the guard action to the cracker, changes the reinforcement sleeve into high rigidity in addition when needing, is favorable to the completion of breaking the task, can dismantle simultaneously and connect convenient the change.
6. In the breaking method, the breaking machine equipment is fully utilized, and two working modes are realized: the state of the breaker separated from the small arm can realize the breaking of a large-scale surface layer or soft layer, and the state of the breaker integrated with the small arm can realize the breaking of a deep layer or hard layer; meanwhile, the two modes can be flexibly switched according to the working requirement.
7. In the breaking method, the expansion of the large arm oil cylinder increases the breaking length in the horizontal displacement direction, or the large arm and the vehicle body rotate to form the breaking of an annular area with the center of the vehicle body as the center of a circle and the large arm as the radius, so that the surface layer in a larger area range is broken; the small arm oil cylinder is adjusted, so that the crusher and the small arm are generally in a vertical state, the gravity centers of the crusher and the small arm move downwards, the integral gravity action of the crusher and the small arm is effectively utilized, and the increase of the excavation depth is realized.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate an embodiment of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of one state of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a prior art configuration;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of another prior art configuration;
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the fragmenter;
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the upper arm, lower arm and shredder attachment structure;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of another aspect of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of an exploded structure of the upper arm, the lower arm and the fragmenter;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of a forearm and disruptor;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the split configuration of FIG. 8;
fig. 10 is a rock breaking flow chart.
Description of reference numerals:
1. the crushing mechanism comprises a swing arm, 2. an I-shaped frame, 3. a small arm, 4. a small arm oil cylinder, 5. a crusher, 6. a large arm, 7. a protective sleeve, 8. a crushing oil cylinder, 9. a large arm oil cylinder, 10. a pin, 31. a second inclined plane, 32. a first lug plate, 33. a second lug plate, 34. a third lug plate, 35. a fourth lug plate, 36. a first containing cavity, 37. an L-shaped groove surface, 51. a fifth lug plate, 52. a first hinge hole, 53. an arc-shaped boundary line, 54. a first hinge part, 55. a crushing head, 511. a first inclined plane, 512. a second hinge hole, 513. an arc-shaped or semicircular shape, 514. an L-shaped step surface, 61. a sixth lug plate, 62. a hollow shaft and 63. a reinforcing rib.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
As shown in fig. 1-10, the novel rock breaking arm comprises a small arm 3 which is in a strip shape, wide at the upper part and narrow at the lower part; the upper back part of the telescopic rod is provided with a pair of first lug plates 32 which are arranged in parallel, the first lug plates 32 are vertical to the back plate of the small arm 3, and the first lug plates 32 are used for being hinged with the telescopic rod of the oil cylinder 4 of the small arm 3.
A crusher 5, the top of which is provided with a first hinge part 54 and a second hinge part, wherein the first hinge part 54 is hinged with the lower part of the small arm 3, and the second hinge part is connected with the upper part of the small arm 3 through a crushing oil cylinder 8;
a crushing cylinder 8 arranged between the small arm 3 and the crusher 5;
the lower end of the small arm 3 is provided with a first containing cavity 36, the first hinge part 54 is arranged in the first containing cavity 36, the second hinge part is arranged outside the first containing cavity 36, and the crushing oil cylinder 8 drives the second hinge part to rotate by taking a hinge point of the first hinge part 54 as a center; when the crushing oil cylinder 8 contracts to enable the second hinge part to prop against the small arm and form surface contact, the crusher and the small arm are in an integrated state; when the crushing oil cylinder extends, the second hinge part deviates from the contact surface of the small arm, and the crusher and the small arm are in a separated state. According to the invention, the structure of the small arm and the breaker is improved, namely the front end of the small arm is provided with the first containing cavity, the top of the breaker is provided with the first hinge part and the second hinge part, the first hinge part is hinged in the first containing cavity, and the second hinge part is hinged with the breaking oil cylinder, so that the swinging arm and the I-shaped frame are omitted, the structure is simplified, the assembly efficiency is improved, the processing cost is reduced, the swinging arm is omitted, a force transmission link is reduced, and the transmission efficiency of breaking force is improved.
The crushing oil cylinder contracts and expands to enable the crusher and the small arm to be in an integrated or separated state, namely the crusher can abut against the small arm when the crushing oil cylinder contracts (such as when the crushing oil cylinder reaches the bottom) and is integrated with the small arm, so that the crushing force is improved, and the crushing oil cylinder is favorable for playing a role in a hard layer or a deep layer; when the crushing oil cylinder stretches, the crusher and the small arm are in a separated state, the moving range of the crusher is enlarged, and the crushing oil cylinder is beneficial to crushing a surface layer and a soft layer.
In addition, when the breaker and the small arm are integrated, the breaking oil cylinder can be protected to a certain extent, and the service life of the breaking oil cylinder can be prolonged.
First package holds chamber 36 includes a pair of parallel arrangement's fourth otic placode 35, the front end of fourth otic placode 35 is for splitting the arc, the rear end of fourth otic placode 35 is the similar major arc shape that the multisection line formed, two connect the shutoff through the similar major arc shape that a multisection board formed between the rear end of fourth otic placode 35 and form first package holds chamber 36. The first containing cavity is formed by a pair of fourth ear plates arranged in parallel and a similar arc-shaped plate formed by a plurality of sections of plates between the rear ends of the fourth ear plates and the rear ends of the fourth ear plates, and the first containing cavity is simple in structure and low in cost.
The first hinge part 54 at the top of the crusher 5 is a minor arc-shaped convex block, the minor arc-shaped convex block is provided with a first hinge hole 52 hinged with the front end of the small arm 3, the second hinge part is a pair of fifth lug plates 51 arranged in parallel, the fifth lug plates 51 are perpendicular to the top surface of the crusher 5 and are similar to a convex connecting block, the top of the convex connecting block is an arc-shaped or semi-circular shape 513, a second hinge hole 512 used for inserting the pin 10 and further connecting the crusher 5 and the crushing oil cylinder 8 is arranged below the arc-shaped or semi-circular shape 513, the left side of the arc-shaped or semi-circular shape 513 at the top of the convex connecting block is connected with a first inclined surface 511 extending downwards and smoothly connected with the first hinge part 54, the right side of the arc-shaped or semi-circular shape 513 at the top of the convex connecting block is connected with an arc-shaped surface extending downwards and smoothly connected with the side of the crusher 5 far away, the last section of the similar-arc-shaped plate formed by the multiple sections of wires close to the second hinge part is a second inclined surface 31, and the first inclined surface 511 and the second inclined surface 31 are contact surfaces when the second hinge part and the small arm 3 are propped against. The first hinge part of the knapper is a minor arc-shaped convex block, the second hinge part is a similar convex connecting block, the top of the convex connecting block is arc-shaped or semicircular and is convenient to hinge and move with a breaking oil cylinder, the left side of the arc-shaped or semicircular top of the convex connecting block is connected with a first inclined plane which extends downwards and is smoothly connected with the first hinge part, and a second inclined plane which is formed by the last section of the similar excellent arc-shaped plate of the first containing cavity close to one side of the second hinge part (namely the right side edge) is a second inclined plane which is formed by the last section of the similar excellent arc-shaped plate of a plurality of sections of plates close to one side of the second hinge part), namely the second inclined plane which is positioned at the right side edge of the first containing cavity and the first inclined plane at the left side edge of the top of the knapper are used as contact surfaces when the second hinge, but also can ensure the small arm to be in good contact with the knapper, and improve the strength of the small arm and the knapper when the small arm and the knapper become an integrated arm.
Or, one side of the arc at the top of the convex connecting block, which is close to the first hinge part 54, is connected with an L-shaped step surface 514 which extends downwards and is smoothly connected with the first hinge part 54, the L-shaped step surface 514 is arranged at the edge of the second hinge part, an L-shaped groove surface 37 is arranged at the upper edge of the first accommodating cavity 36, and the L-shaped step surface 514 and the L-shaped groove surface 37 are contact surfaces when the second hinge part and the small arm 3 are propped against each other. The L-shaped groove surface and the L-shaped step surface reduce the load of the hinging shaft (pin) of the first hinging part and the small arm, and simultaneously enhance the stability when the small arm is directly connected with the crusher.
An arc-shaped dividing line 53 is arranged below the first hinge part 54, and the crusher 5 gradually narrows from the arc-shaped dividing line 53 to the upper part of the crushing head 55. The depth of the fracture can be moderately increased.
A sheath (reinforcing sleeve) 7 is arranged outside the crushing head 55. The knapper sheath 7 is a protective sleeve with a protective effect on the knapper or a reinforcing sleeve aiming at a hard working condition, and can be detached and replaced conveniently.
The utility model provides a rock breaking machine, includes foretell novel rock arm, still includes automobile body, big arm 6, 6 hydro-cylinders 9 of big arm and forearm 3 hydro-cylinder 4, big arm 6 is articulated with 3 middle parts of forearm, in big arm 6 the rear portion with it has 3 hydro-cylinders 4 of forearm to articulate between the rear portion of forearm 3, the bottom plate at 3 rear portions of forearm broken hydro-cylinder 8 with 3 hydro-cylinders 4 of forearm are located the both sides of forearm 3 respectively, the rear end of big arm 6 articulates on the frame, the frame with it has 6 hydro-cylinders 9 of big arm to articulate between the front end in the big arm 6. The rear panel at the middle rear part of the large arm 6 is provided with two sixth ear plates 61 which are arranged in parallel, the sixth ear plates 61 are perpendicular to the rear panel at the middle rear part of the large arm 6, the sixth ear plates 61 are used for fixing the small arm 3 oil cylinder 4, and the telescopic rod of the small arm 3 oil cylinder 4 is hinged between the two second ear plates 33 which are arranged in parallel on the bottom panel at the rear part of the small arm 3.
The middle part of the small arm 3 is provided with a second containing cavity, the front end of the large arm 6 is provided with a hollow shaft 62, and the hollow shaft 62 at the front end of the large arm 6 is arranged in the second containing cavity and hinged with the small arm 3 through a pin 10.
The second containing cavity comprises a pair of third ear plates 34 which are arranged in parallel, the bottoms of the third ear plates 34 are in a minor arc shape, the tops of the third ear plates are in a major arc shape, and the bottoms of the third ear plates 34 are connected through a minor arc plate to be blocked to form the second containing cavity. Simple structure and low cost.
The middle front part of the large arm 6 is provided with a reinforcing rib 63.
Each ear plate is provided with a hinge hole, and each hinge is connected through a pin 10. The hinged parts are connected through pins, so that the installation is convenient and the assembly efficiency is high.
As shown in fig. 10, a rock breaking method using the rock breaker includes the following steps:
s1: entering a region to be broken and starting the rock breaking machine;
s2: entering a surface layer or soft layer breaking link, starting a breaking oil cylinder to extend out, enabling the second hinged part to be opposite to the contact surface of the small arm, rotating the breaker around the hinged point of the first hinged part, and realizing breaking of a breaking head in a large range;
s3: entering a deep layer or hard layer breaking link, retracting the breaking oil cylinder, enabling the second hinged part to form surface contact with the small arm, enabling the breaker to tightly abut against the small arm, enabling the breaker and the small arm to be in an integrated state, operating the expansion and contraction of the small arm oil cylinder, and enabling the breaker and the small arm to break the hard layer through the breaking head under the combined action of self gravity and thrust of the small arm oil cylinder;
s4: according to the actual situation of a breaking area, a breaking oil cylinder is controlled, the integrated and separated states of a breaker and a small arm are switched, and the rapid switching of the breaking of a hard layer or a surface layer is realized;
s5: and entering the next rock area to be broken.
In the breaking method, the breaking equipment is fully utilized, and the breaking oil cylinder is operated and controlled to realize two working modes: the surface layer or soft layer is broken in a large range, the deep layer or hard layer is broken, and meanwhile, two modes can be flexibly switched according to working requirements, so that the breaking efficiency and the breaking effect are optimized.
Further, after step S2, the method further includes the following steps:
s21: the stretching and retracting of the large arm oil cylinder are selected to be started, or the rotation arrangement of the large arm and the vehicle body is started, so that the surface layer of a larger area range is broken;
or,
the following steps are also included after step S3:
s31: the crushing oil cylinder is adjusted, so that the crusher and the small arm are generally in a vertical state, the crushing head is perpendicular to the crushing object, the large arm oil cylinder is started, the crushing head goes deep into the crushing object, and the deep layer or the hard layer is crushed.
In the front breaking method, the expansion of the large arm oil cylinder increases the breaking length in the horizontal displacement direction, or the large arm and the vehicle body rotate to form the breaking of an annular area with the center of the vehicle body as the center of a circle and the large arm as the radius, so that the surface layer in a larger area range is broken;
the crushing oil cylinder is adjusted to enable the crusher and the small arm to be in an integrated state generally, the gravity centers of the crusher and the small arm move downwards, the integrated gravity action of the crusher and the small arm is effectively utilized, and the excavation depth is increased by the aid of the telescopic force of the large arm oil cylinder.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. Novel broken rock arm, its characterized in that: comprises that
The small arm is in a strip shape, and is wide at the upper part and narrow at the lower part;
the top of the crusher is provided with a first hinge part and a second hinge part, and the first hinge part is hinged with the lower part of the small arm;
the crushing oil cylinder is arranged between the small arm and the crusher, and the second hinged part is connected with the upper part of the small arm through the crushing oil cylinder;
the lower end of the small arm is provided with a first containing cavity, the first hinged part is arranged in the first containing cavity, the second hinged part is arranged outside the first containing cavity, and the crushing oil cylinder drives the second hinged part and rotates by taking a hinged point of the first hinged part as a center; when the crushing oil cylinder contracts to enable the second hinge part to prop against the small arm and form surface contact, the crusher and the small arm are in an integrated state; when the crushing oil cylinder extends, the second hinge part deviates from the contact surface of the small arm, and the crusher and the small arm are in a separated state.
2. A novel rock breaking arm as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: first package holds chamber includes a pair of parallel arrangement's fourth otic placode, the front end of fourth otic placode is inferior arc, the rear end of fourth otic placode is the similar arc that the multisection line formed, two connect the shutoff through the similar arc that a multisection board formed between the rear end of fourth otic placode and form first package holds the chamber.
3. A novel rock breaking arm as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: the first hinge part at the top of the breaker is an arc-shaped convex block, the second hinge part is a connecting block shaped like a Chinese character 'tu', and the top of the connecting block shaped like a Chinese character 'tu' is arc-shaped;
one side of the arc-shaped part at the top of the convex connecting block, which is close to the first hinge part, is connected with a first inclined plane which extends downwards and is smoothly connected with the first hinge part, the first inclined plane is arranged at the edge of the second hinge part, the upper edge of the first containing cavity is provided with a second inclined plane, and the first inclined plane and the second inclined plane are contact surfaces when the second hinge part and the small arm are propped against each other;
or one side of the arc at the top of the convex connecting block, which is close to the first hinge part, is connected with an L-shaped step surface which extends downwards and is smoothly connected with the first hinge part, the L-shaped step surface is arranged at the edge of the second hinge part, the upper edge of the first containing cavity is provided with an L-shaped groove surface, and the L-shaped step surface and the L-shaped groove surface are contact surfaces when the second hinge part and the small arm are propped against.
4. A novel rock breaking arm as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: an arc-shaped boundary line is arranged below the first hinge part, and the crusher gradually narrows from the arc-shaped boundary line to the bottom.
5. A novel rock breaking arm as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: the most narrow department of knapper welds or an organic whole system has a sharp-pointed form crushing head, outer detachably of crushing head is provided with protective sheath or reinforcement cover.
6. A rock breaking machine comprising a novel rock arm as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that: the crushing machine is characterized by further comprising a vehicle body, a large arm oil cylinder and a small arm oil cylinder, wherein the large arm is hinged to the middle of the small arm, the small arm oil cylinder is hinged to the middle rear portion of the large arm and the rear portion of the small arm, the crushing oil cylinder and the small arm oil cylinder are respectively located on two sides of the small arm, the rear end of the large arm is hinged to the vehicle frame, and the large arm oil cylinder is hinged to the vehicle frame and the large arm between the front end of the large arm.
7. A rock breaking machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: the middle part of the small arm is provided with a second containing cavity, and the front end of the large arm is arranged in the second containing cavity and hinged with the small arm.
8. A rock breaking machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: the second containing cavity comprises a pair of third lug plates which are arranged in parallel, the bottom of each third lug plate is in an inferior arc shape, the top of each third lug plate is in a superior arc shape, and the bottoms of the third lug plates are connected and blocked through inferior arc-shaped plates to form the second containing cavity.
9. A rock breaking method using the rock breaking machine according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: entering a region to be broken and starting the rock breaking machine;
s2: entering a surface layer breaking link, starting a breaking oil cylinder to extend out to enable the second hinge part to be opposite to the contact surface of the small arm, rotating the breaker around the hinge point of the first hinge part, and realizing large-range breaking by the breaking head;
s3: entering a hard layer breaking link, retracting the breaking oil cylinder, enabling the second hinged part to be in surface contact with the small arm, enabling the breaker to tightly abut against the small arm, enabling the breaker and the small arm to be in an integrated state, operating the small arm oil cylinder to stretch, and enabling the breaker and the small arm to break a deep layer or a hard layer under the combined action of self gravity and thrust of the small arm oil cylinder by the breaking head;
s4: according to the actual situation of a breaking area, a breaking oil cylinder is controlled, the integrated and separated state of a breaker and a small arm is switched, and the rapid switching of breaking of a deep layer or a hard layer and a surface layer or a soft layer is realized;
s5: and entering the next rock area to be broken.
10. A rock breaking method according to claim 9, characterized in that:
the following steps are also included after step S2:
s21, selecting to start the extension and retraction of the large arm oil cylinder, or starting the rotation arrangement of the large arm and the vehicle body, so as to realize the surface layer or soft layer breaking in a larger area range;
or,
the following steps are also included after step S3:
and S31, adjusting the crushing oil cylinder to enable the crusher and the small arm to be in an integrated state, enabling the crushing head to be perpendicular to the crushing object, starting the large arm oil cylinder, enabling the crushing head to go deep into the crushing object, and realizing the crushing of the deep layer or the hard layer.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810811177.8A CN108756876A (en) | 2018-07-23 | 2018-07-23 | Novel broken rock arm, broken rock machine and its rock breaking method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810811177.8A CN108756876A (en) | 2018-07-23 | 2018-07-23 | Novel broken rock arm, broken rock machine and its rock breaking method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN108756876A true CN108756876A (en) | 2018-11-06 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201810811177.8A Pending CN108756876A (en) | 2018-07-23 | 2018-07-23 | Novel broken rock arm, broken rock machine and its rock breaking method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110512684A (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2019-11-29 | 成都市猎石者破岩科技有限责任公司 | A kind of broken rock device and broken rock machine |
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