CN108756874B - Logging instrument and coring sampling method - Google Patents
Logging instrument and coring sampling method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108756874B CN108756874B CN201810596415.8A CN201810596415A CN108756874B CN 108756874 B CN108756874 B CN 108756874B CN 201810596415 A CN201810596415 A CN 201810596415A CN 108756874 B CN108756874 B CN 108756874B
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- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 125
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 18
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000009530 blood pressure measurement Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
- E21B49/08—Obtaining fluid samples or testing fluids, in boreholes or wells
- E21B49/081—Obtaining fluid samples or testing fluids, in boreholes or wells with down-hole means for trapping a fluid sample
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B25/00—Apparatus for obtaining or removing undisturbed cores, e.g. core barrels or core extractors
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- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a logging instrument and a sampling and coring method. The sampling mechanism comprises a probe and a first leaning arm which are telescopically arranged on two opposite sides of the main body; the coring mechanism comprises a coring bit and a second leaning arm which are telescopically arranged on two opposite sides of the main body; the electric control device is used for controlling the main body, the sampling mechanism and the coring mechanism to carry out sampling and coring operation; the second pushing arm can be used as a reverse pushing arm of the sampling mechanism, and the first pushing arm can be used as a reverse pushing arm of the coring mechanism. The logging instrument and the sampling and coring method provided by the invention realize the logging instrument which can complete coring and sampling operations simultaneously when going down a well once, and the first leaning arm and the second leaning arm can be respectively used for executing reverse leaning actions, so that the self-unfreezing operation in the coring and sampling processes is respectively realized, the operation is simple and convenient, the logging efficiency is effectively improved, and the cost is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of well logging, in particular to a well logging instrument and a coring sampling method.
Background
In the field of petroleum exploration and development, a stratum testing instrument is used for deep underground measurement of stratum pressure, identification and sampling analysis of stratum fluid, core collection and the like, and the method is of great importance for accurately evaluating the quality of an oil-gas layer and predicting the effective thickness and the productivity of the oil-gas layer. At present, with the continuous improvement and deepening of the domestic oil exploration technology, the development of an integrated and high-efficiency stratum testing instrument becomes a development demand for improving the oil exploitation efficiency and the oil gas quality.
Due to complex underground geological conditions and severe environment, the configuration of an electric control device, a power device and an execution assembly required by long-distance underground operation is relatively complex. In actual operation, the sampling test instrument and the coring test instrument are respectively lowered to a target reservoir stratum, and respectively sample and withdraw the stratum, or sample and measure pressure, or core and withdraw. In the actual operation process, the working mode is complex and time-consuming, and the logging efficiency is relatively low and the energy consumption is high. Meanwhile, in order to solve the problem of sticking when the instrument is withdrawn, a reverse thrust arm set is generally required to be additionally arranged on the formation tester to realize unfreezing, so that the structural components of the instrument are increased, the weight and the energy consumption burden of the instrument are further increased, and the operation efficiency of the whole logging process is difficult to improve.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, embodiments of the present invention provide a logging instrument capable of simultaneously performing coring and sampling while lowering a well once, and the coring backup arm and the sampling backup arm may be used to perform a reverse backup action, thereby respectively implementing self-stuck release operations in the coring and sampling processes, effectively improving logging efficiency, and reducing cost.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the embodiment of the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an embodiment of the present invention provides a logging instrument, including:
a main body;
the sampling mechanism comprises a probe and a first leaning arm which are telescopically arranged on two opposite sides of the main body;
the coring mechanism comprises a coring bit and a second leaning arm which are telescopically arranged on two opposite sides of the main body;
the electric control device is used for controlling the main body, the sampling mechanism and the coring mechanism to carry out sampling and coring operation;
wherein the second backup arm can be used as a reverse backup arm of the sampling mechanism, and the first backup arm can be used as a reverse backup arm of the coring mechanism.
In the embodiment of the invention, the sampling mechanism comprises a probe and a first leaning arm which are arranged on two opposite sides of the main body, and the probe and the first leaning arm can extend out of the main body to perform sampling operation; the coring mechanism comprises a coring bit and a second leaning arm which are arranged on two opposite sides of the main body, and can extend out of the main body to carry out coring operation; the electric control device adopts a modular structure design, adopts a unified interface and a unified bus form for connection, can flexibly connect each instrument string according to the actual operation process, is used for controlling the main body, the sampling mechanism and the coring mechanism to carry out an independent operation process, and can also be matched with each other to carry out a coring-sampling continuous operation process so as to reduce the downhole times, thereby reducing the wellhead occupation time of the logging device and the equipment energy consumption in the process of logging in and out, improving the operation efficiency of a continuous logging mode, and reducing the cost of underground exploration and development.
In addition, in the embodiment of the invention, the second pushing arm can be used as a reverse pushing arm of the sampling mechanism, the first pushing arm can be used as a reverse pushing arm of the coring mechanism, and the reverse pushing action is executed through the first pushing arm and the second pushing arm, so that the self-unfreezing operation during sampling pressure measurement operation and the self-unfreezing operation during coring operation are realized, and the problem that the instrument cannot be centered in the logging process or stays and clings to a well wall for a long time, and the instrument is tightly adhered to the stratum under the action of stratum pressure to cause instrument sticking is solved. Compared with the prior art in which the anti-pushing component is arranged to realize the unfreezing, the logging instrument has the advantages that the structural integration level is high, the unfreezing anti-pushing component does not need to be additionally arranged, the structural cost and the equipment energy consumption are reduced, the instrument damage is reduced, the logging operation is smoother, and the practicability of the logging instrument is improved.
Specifically, when sampling operation is carried out, the first pushing arm extends out of the main body and pushes the main body towards the opposite side, and meanwhile, the probe extends out of the main body and contacts with a well wall to form setting; then, pumping fluid by using the probe, and finishing fluid sample collection; and then the first pushing arm and the probe are retracted, if the logging instrument (such as a main body) is stuck when retracted, the second pushing arm extends out to execute reverse pushing action to release the stuck logging instrument, and the sampling operation is finished. When the coring operation is carried out, the second pushing wall extends out of the main body, the main body is pushed towards the opposite side to be attached to the well wall, then a coring bit is used for extending out to drill a coring core, and core collection is completed; then, the second pushing arm and the coring bit are retracted; if the logging instrument (such as a main body) is stuck when being retracted, the first pushing arm extends out to reversely push the logging instrument to release the stuck logging instrument, and the coring operation is completed.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a sampling and coring method, which comprises a sampling process and a coring process which are carried out by using the logging instrument,
wherein the sampling process comprises:
the first pushing arm extends out of the main body to push against the well wall, and meanwhile, the probe extends out of the main body to be in contact with the well wall and be set;
the probe aspirates and collects fluid;
after the fluid sample is collected, the first pushing arm and the probe are retracted;
if the logging instrument is not stuck, the sampling operation is finished; if the logging instrument is stuck, the second pushing arm extends out to execute reverse pushing action to release the stuck logging instrument, and sampling operation is finished;
wherein the coring process comprises:
the second pushing wall extends to push against the main body to abut against the well wall;
extending the coring bit out of the core and collecting;
after the collection is finished, the second pushing arm and the coring bit are retracted;
if the logging instrument is not stuck, the coring operation is finished; and if the logging instrument is stuck, the first pushing arm extends out to execute reverse pushing action to release the stuck logging instrument, and the coring operation is completed.
The application provides a logging instrument adopts the structural design that integrates, not only can realize the operation requirement of coring, the independent operation of sample, also can accomplish the continuity of operation process of coring-sample equally, fully reduces the number of times of going into the well for continuity of logging operation progress improves logging efficiency, has also reduced the equipment energy consumption and the cost of operation process simultaneously. The operation flow when the first pushing arm executes the reverse pushing action is the same as the operation flow when the first pushing arm actually performs sampling operation, and the operation flow when the second pushing arm executes the reverse pushing action is the same as the operation flow when the second pushing arm actually performs coring operation, so that the operation in the reverse pushing and jam releasing process is simple and convenient by using the first pushing arm and the second pushing arm, no additional program or component is required to be arranged, and the practicability of the logging instrument is fully improved. In addition, after the second pushing arm stretches out to execute the reverse pushing action, the next coring operation step can be continuously performed on the basis of the stretched second pushing arm, or after the first pushing arm stretches out to execute the reverse pushing action, the next sampling operation step can be continuously performed on the basis of the stretched first pushing arm, so that the operation efficiency of the coring-sampling continuous logging mode can be further improved, and the cost is reduced.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the example serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a logging tool in a sampling mode according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the logging tool of FIG. 1 in a coring configuration;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged partial schematic view of the pumping mechanism of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a sampling operation of the logging tool of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of a coring operation of the logging instrument of FIG. 2.
Wherein, the relationship between the reference numbers and the component names in fig. 1-3 is:
the device comprises a well wall 1, an electric control device 2, a long cable 3, a bridle 4, a tension measuring assembly 5, a communication control device 6, a probe 7, a first pushing arm 8, a pumping mechanism 9, a first piston 901, a second piston 902, an upper sealed cavity 903, a lower sealed cavity 904, a first valve 905, a second valve 906, a third valve 907, a fourth valve 908, a fifth valve 909, a sixth valve 910, a sampling barrel 11, a coring bit 12, a second pushing arm 13 and a core barrel 14.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a logging instrument, including: a main body; a sampling mechanism comprising a probe 7 and a first backup arm 8 telescopically disposed on opposite sides of the main body; a coring mechanism comprising a coring bit 12 and a second backup arm 13 telescopically disposed on opposite sides of the main body; the electric control device 2 is used for controlling the main body, the sampling mechanism and the coring mechanism to carry out sampling and coring operation; wherein the second arm 13 can be used as a counter arm for the sampling mechanism and the first arm 8 can be used as a counter arm for the coring mechanism.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the logging instrument provided in this embodiment includes a main body, a sampling mechanism, a coring mechanism, and an electronic control device 2. The sampling mechanism comprises a probe 7 and a first leaning arm 8 which are arranged on two opposite sides of the main body, and the probe 7 and the first leaning arm 8 can extend out of the main body to perform sampling operation; the coring mechanism comprises a coring bit 12 and a second pushing arm 13 which are arranged on two opposite sides of the main body, and the coring bit 12 and the second pushing arm 13 can extend out of the main body to carry out coring operation; the electric control device 2 adopts a modular structure design, adopts a unified interface and a unified bus form for connection, can flexibly connect each instrument string according to the actual operation process, is used for controlling the independent or continuous operation process of mutually matching the main body, the sampling mechanism and the coring mechanism for coring and sampling, is favorable for reducing the downhole times, thereby reducing the wellhead occupation time of the logging device and the energy consumption of equipment, improving the operation efficiency of a logging mode, and reducing the exploration and development cost.
In addition, in this embodiment, the second pushing arm 13 can be used as a reverse pushing arm of the sampling mechanism, the first pushing arm 8 can be used as a reverse pushing arm of the coring mechanism, and the reverse pushing action is executed through the first pushing arm 8 and the second pushing arm 13, so that the self-releasing operation during sampling pressure measurement operation and the self-releasing operation during coring operation are realized, the problem that an instrument cannot be centered in a logging process, or the instrument stays for a long time and is tightly attached to the well wall 1, and the instrument is tightly attached to a stratum under the action of stratum pressure to cause instrument sticking is solved, the smoothness of the logging operation is fully ensured, and the occurrence of instrument damage caused by forcibly withdrawing the instrument is avoided. Compared with the prior art in which the reverse pushing component is independently arranged to realize the unfreezing, the logging instrument has higher structural integration, does not need to additionally add the unfreezing reverse pushing component, is beneficial to reducing the structural cost and the energy consumption of equipment, reduces the damage of the instrument, enables the logging operation to be smoother, and improves the practicability of the logging instrument.
Specifically, when sampling is performed, as shown in fig. 1 and 4, the first leaning arm 8 extends out of the main body to push the main body towards the opposite side, and meanwhile, the probe 7 extends out of the main body to contact with the well wall 1 and form setting; then, the probe 7 is used for sucking the fluid, and the fluid sample collection is completed; then the first pushing arm 8 and the probe 7 are retracted, if the logging instrument (such as a main body) is stuck when retracted, the second pushing arm 13 can be extended to perform a reverse pushing action to release the stuck logging instrument, and the sampling operation is completed. When the coring operation is performed, as shown in fig. 2 and 5, the second pushing wall 13 extends out of the main body, the main body is pushed towards the opposite side to be attached to the well wall 1, then the coring bit 12 extends out to drill a core, and core collection is completed; then, the first coring bit 12 and the second backup arm 13 are retracted; if the logging instrument (such as a main body) is withdrawn and stuck, the first pushing arm 8 can be extended out to reversely push the logging instrument to release the stuck state, and the coring operation is completed.
Alternatively, the angle between the second abutment arm 13 and the direction of extension of the probe 7 ranges from 0 ° to 90 ° (including 0 ° and 90 °); alternatively, the angle between the second backup arm 13 and the extending direction of the first backup arm 8 is greater than 0 ° and equal to or less than 90 °.
In this embodiment, the angle between the second reclining arm 13 and the extending direction of the first reclining arm 8 is equal to 90 °. Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the probe 7 and the first abutment arm 8 are respectively installed on two opposite sides of the main body and are distributed at 180 °, the coring bit 12 and the second abutment arm 13 are respectively installed on two opposite sides of the main body and are distributed at 180 °, and the installation positions of the first abutment arm 8 and the second abutment arm 13 on the main body are arranged in a 90 ° cross manner, that is, the first abutment arm 8, the probe 7, the second abutment arm 13 and the coring bit 12 are respectively arranged in four different directions of the main body and are arranged in a 90 ° cross manner.
During sampling operation, even after the first pushing arm 8 and the probe 7 are retracted, the main body can still cling to the well wall 1, so that the sticking of the instrument is caused, at the moment, as shown in fig. 1, the direction in which the main body is attached to the well wall 1 is the extending side of the first pushing arm 8 or the extending side of the probe 7, the second pushing arm 13 can extend out and is arranged in a 90-degree crossed manner with the extending direction of the first pushing arm 8, and the main body can be peeled off from the well wall 1 under the reverse pushing action of the second pushing arm, so that the purpose of releasing the instrument is achieved. During coring operation, even after the coring bit 12 and the second pushing arm 13 are retracted, the main body may still be tightly attached to the well wall 1 under the action of formation pressure, as shown in fig. 2, when the sticking of the main body is caused by the retraction of the main body due to the fact that the attaching surface of the main body is the opposite side surface of the extending side of the second pushing arm 13, the first pushing arm 8 and/or the probe 7 may be used as the reverse pushing arm of the coring mechanism, at this time, the first pushing arm 8 may be extended (or the probe 7 may be extended, or both the first pushing arm 8 and the probe 7 may be extended simultaneously) and arranged to intersect the extending direction of the second pushing arm 13 at 90 °, and the main body is peeled off from the well wall 1 under the reverse pushing action of the first pushing arm 8 and/or the probe 7, so that the main body moves to the middle position of the well, thereby achieving the purpose of releasing the instrument.
In another embodiment, the angle between the second abutting arm 13 and the extending direction of the probe 7 is in a range of 0 ° or more and less than 90 °, and the second abutting arm 13 can be used for releasing the sticking when the sticking occurs on the probe 7 side. Specifically, during sampling operation, when the main body or the probe 7 is retracted and the main body is stuck, the second pushing arm 13 can be extended and pushed against the well wall 1, so that the main body is peeled off from the well wall 1 under the reverse pushing action of the second pushing arm 13, and the purpose of releasing the stuck instrument is achieved. During coring operation, when the main body is retracted and stuck, the first pushing arm 8 can be extended (or the probe 7 can be extended, or the first pushing arm 8 and the probe 7 can be extended simultaneously) to push against the well wall 1, and under the reverse pushing action of the first pushing arm 8 and/or the probe 7, the main body is peeled off the well wall 1, so that the main body is moved to the middle position of the well, and the purpose of releasing the stuck instrument is achieved.
In still another embodiment, the angle between the second abutting arm 13 and the extending direction of the first abutting arm 8 is greater than 0 ° and less than 90 °, and the second abutting arm 13 can be used for releasing the stuck state when the sticking occurs on the first abutting arm 8 side. Specifically, during sampling operation, when the main body is stuck, the second pushing arm 13 can be extended and pushed against the well wall 1, so that the main body is peeled off from the well wall 1 under the reverse pushing action of the second pushing arm 13, and the purpose of releasing the stuck instrument is achieved. During coring operation, when the main body is retracted and stuck, the first pushing arm 8 can be extended (or the probe 7 can be extended, or the first pushing arm 8 and the probe 7 can be extended simultaneously) to push against the well wall 1, and under the reverse pushing action of the first pushing arm 8 and/or the probe 7, the main body is peeled off the well wall 1, so that the main body is moved to the position in the middle of the well, and the purpose of releasing the stuck instrument is achieved.
In the above embodiment, the first backup arm 8 and the second backup arm 13 are used to perform a reverse backup action, so that the problem that the main body cannot be centered under the action of the first backup arm 8 and the probe 7 in the sampling operation process, or the main body stays in the well for a long time and is subjected to the action of formation pressure, so that the main body is tightly attached to the formation and the sticking card is recovered is effectively solved; and the operation flow when the first pushing arm carries out the reverse pushing action is the same as the operation flow when the first pushing arm carries out the actual sampling operation, and the operation flow when the second pushing arm carries out the reverse pushing action is the same as the operation flow when the second pushing arm carries out the actual coring operation, so that the operation is simple and convenient in the reverse pushing and jam releasing process by utilizing the first pushing arm and the second pushing arm, the smooth operation of the logging tool is effectively guaranteed, the logging efficiency of the logging tool is favorably improved, and the damage of the logging tool is reduced.
Optionally, there are at least two first abutment arms 8 and the probe 7 is located between the first abutment arms 8. In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the first backup arms 8 are two (located on the same side of the main body), and are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the axis of the probe 7, so that the first backup arms 8 can stably backup the main body against the borehole wall 1 to be detected, and the probe 7 can be ensured to stably abut against the borehole wall 1 along the direction perpendicular to the borehole wall 1 and form a good setting. Of course, the first rest arms 8 may also be three, four or more, with the probes 7 located between the first rest arms 8.
Optionally, there are at least two second abutment arms 13 and the coring bit 12 is located on the opposite side of the second abutment arms 13. Of course, the number of the second abutment arms 13 may be only 1 and be arranged on both sides of the body opposite the coring bit 12.
In this embodiment, the logging instrument further includes a communication device and a communication control device 6, the electric control device 2 is connected to the communication control device 6 through the communication device, and the communication control device 6 controls the main body, the sampling mechanism and the coring mechanism to perform sampling and coring operations.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the logging instrument further includes a communication device and a communication control device 6, a downhole portion of the logging instrument is connected to the uphole electronic control device 2 through the communication device (including the bridle 4, the cable 3, and the like), and the communication control device 6 is disposed in the main body and includes a downhole communication portion and a downhole data acquisition and control portion. During operation, the electric control device 2 on the well demodulates, stores and displays data information uploaded by the underground instrument, and sends an instruction to the communication control device 6, the communication control device 6 receives the instruction and then controls the underground instrument (such as a main body shell, a motor, a hydraulic mechanism, a pumping mechanism 9, various electromagnetic valves, a sampling mechanism, a coring mechanism and the like) to perform posture action so as to perform sampling and coring actions in a mutually matched manner, and the logging instrument has a high integration level of a structure and a control module, can ensure that coring and sampling operations do not interfere with each other, and is efficient and reliable in work.
In this embodiment, the logging instrument further includes a tension measuring assembly 5, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the tension measuring assembly 5 is disposed on the main body and is configured to measure a magnitude of a tension applied to the logging instrument during the operation of the downhole instrument, and the electric control device 2 determines a condition that the logging instrument is stuck according to a detection result of the tension measuring assembly 5, that is, when the instrument main body is lifted, the tension applied to the logging instrument is too large (exceeding a set value), the logging instrument is determined to be stuck, and the reverse pushing arm (i.e., the first pushing arm 8 or the second pushing arm 13 or the probe 7) is activated to perform the reverse pushing operation, so as to achieve the function of releasing the stuck. In the embodiment, the tension measuring component 5 is used for detecting in time to judge that the logging instrument meets the situation of blocking when meeting a card, so that the problem of damage caused by forced drawing or direct movement of the instrument is avoided, and the safety and stability of the logging instrument in the process of downhole operation are improved.
In this embodiment, the sampling mechanism further comprises a sampling barrel 11 installed in the main body and a pumping mechanism 9 having a sampling channel therein, and in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the pumping mechanism 9 further comprises a first piston 901 and a second piston 902, and the first piston 901 is located above the second piston 902, so as to form an upper sealed cavity 903 located at an upper part of the first piston 901 and a lower sealed cavity 904 located at a lower part of the second piston 902. The pumping mechanism 9 further comprises a first valve 905, a second valve 906, a third valve 907, a fourth valve 908, a fifth valve 909 and a sixth valve 910.
In this embodiment, the sampling mechanism further comprises a fluid identification component located on a connection channel between the fluid sample channel and the sampling channel; the electronic control device 2 discharges the fluid sample into the sampling barrel 11 according to the detection result of the fluid identification component, or discharges the fluid sample to a well bore or the outside.
Specifically, in the sampling operation, as shown in fig. 3, when the first and second pistons 901 and 902 move downward simultaneously, the first and fourth valves 905 and 908 are opened, the second and third valves 906 (i.e., the second valve 906 is located on the first bypass flow passage on the left side of the pumping mechanism 9 in fig. 3) and 907 (i.e., the third valve 907 is located on the second bypass flow passage on the left and right sides of the pumping mechanism 9 in fig. 3) are closed, the formation fluid output through the fluid sample passage in the middle of the probe 7 can be firstly identified by the fluid identification component on the connecting passage, and when the fluid identification component identifies that the pumped fluid is not the real formation fluid, the fifth valve 909 is opened to discharge the fluid in the lower sealed chamber 904 below the second piston 902 to the wellbore or the outside; if the pumped formation fluid is identified as a real formation fluid sample, the sixth valve 910 is opened to discharge the fluid into the sampling barrel 11, it should be noted that before the pumping mechanism 9 performs the first pumping action, the upper sealed chamber 903 and the lower sealed chamber 904 are filled with water, and when the first piston 901 and the second piston 902 move downwards, the fifth valve 909 is opened to discharge the water in the lower sealed chamber 904 into the wellbore.
After the first and second pistons 901, 902 move to the lowest part, if the shaft formation fluid needs to be pumped and discharged into the wellbore, the first and second pistons 901, 902 are controlled to perform reversal, i.e. upward movement, at this time, the second and third valves 906, 907 are opened, the first, fourth and sixth valves 905, 908, 910 are closed, 909 is opened, the fluid in the upper sealed cavity 903 is discharged into the wellbore through the second and fifth valves 907, 909, and meanwhile, the formation fluid is sucked into the lower sealed cavity 904 through the second valve 906. If sampling is required, the first and second pistons 901, 902 are controlled to perform reversal, i.e. upward movement, at this time, the second and third valves 906, 907 are opened, the first, fourth and fifth valves 905, 908, 909 are closed, the fluid sample is sucked into the lower sealed chamber 904 through the second valve 906, and at the same time, the sixth valve 910 is opened, and the fluid in the upper sealed chamber 903 is discharged into the sampling barrel 11 through the sixth valve 910.
Or when the first piston 901 and the second piston 902 move to the upper extreme positions, the two pistons are reversed, i.e. move downwards, and the process is repeated until the fluid sampling barrel 11 is filled, and finally, the pumping mechanism 9 is stopped, and the sixth valve 910 is closed, so as to complete the sampling operation in one depth. The operation flow of the pumping mechanism 9 is repeated to perform the sampling operation of the next depth.
It should be noted that, during the sampling operation, the initial movement direction of the first and second pistons 901, 902 is not limited to downward movement, and may be determined according to the initial state, when the first and second pistons 901, 902 move downward simultaneously, the first and fourth valves 905, 908 are opened, the second and third valves 906, 907 are closed, so that the fluid in the fluid sample passage of the probe 7 can enter the upper sealed cavity 903 in the upper part of the sampling passage through the first valve 905, and/or, when the first and second pistons 901, 902 move upward simultaneously, the second and third valves 906, 907 are opened, the first and fourth valves 905, 908 are closed, so that the fluid in the fluid sample passage of the probe 7 enters the lower sealed cavity 904 in the lower part of the sampling passage through the second valve 906.
In this embodiment, the logging instrument further comprises a pressure measuring assembly provided with a quartz pressure gauge therein, and the quartz pressure gauge is arranged on the sampling passage and used for measuring the pressure of the fluid sample obtained by the sampling mechanism. Specifically, the pressure measurement process is usually performed by stopping the movement of the pistons 901 and 902 after the pumping mechanism 9 pumps a certain volume of fluid into the sampling channel, and detecting the recovery of the formation pressure by using a quartz pressure gauge, and waiting for the detection pressure to stabilize, that is, detecting the formation pressure. According to the volume of the formation fluid pumped by the sampling channel, the time for the formation fluid to permeate into the sampling channel from the formation and reach the pressure stability and the formation pressure change detected by the quartz pressure gauge, the permeability of the formation can be calculated, so that the aim of testing the formation pressure is fulfilled.
The present embodiment also provides a sampling and coring method, including a sampling process and a coring process performed by the logging instrument, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, wherein the sampling process includes:
the first pushing arm 8 extends out of the main body to push the main body to the opposite side, and meanwhile, the probe 7 extends out of the main body to be in contact with the well wall 1 and form setting;
the probe 7 sucks fluid, so that the fluid enters the sampling channel and is further discharged into the sampling barrel 11 or is discharged to the outside;
after the fluid sample is collected, the first pushing arm 8 and the probe 7 are retracted to complete the sampling operation of one depth, and the main body is retracted to prepare for the sampling operation of the next depth;
if the logging instrument is not stuck, the sampling operation is finished; if the logging instrument is stuck when being retracted, the second pushing arm 13 extends out to execute reverse pushing action to release the stuck logging instrument, and the sampling operation is finished;
wherein, the coring process comprises:
the second pushing wall extends out to push the main body to the opposite side to be close to the well wall 1;
the coring bit 12 extends out of the core, and completes the actions of breaking the core, pushing the core, identifying the length of the core, coring and withdrawing the core barrel 14 and the like;
after the collection is finished, the second pushing arm 13 and the coring bit 12 are retracted to finish the coring operation at one depth; if the logging instrument is not stuck, the coring operation is finished; if the logging instrument is stuck when being retracted, the first pushing arm 8 extends out to execute reverse pushing action to release the stuck logging instrument, and the coring operation is completed.
Alternatively, during sampling operation of the logging tool, pressure measurement and/or fluid identification may be performed simultaneously while the probe 7 is pumping fluid into the sampling channel.
In this embodiment, the logging instrument can be used to not only realize the independent operation processes of coring, sampling and pressure measurement, but also complete the continuous operation processes of coring, sampling, pressure measurement, coring, sampling and pressure measurement, thereby fully reducing the number of times of logging into the well and accelerating the progress of continuous logging operation, so as to reduce the energy consumption and cost of equipment in the continuous operation process and improve the logging efficiency. The operation flow when the first pushing arm executes the reverse pushing action is the same as the operation flow when the first pushing arm actually performs sampling operation, and the operation flow when the second pushing arm executes the reverse pushing action is the same as the operation flow when the second pushing arm actually performs coring operation, so that the reverse pushing and jam releasing process of the first pushing arm and the second pushing arm is simple and convenient to operate, and the practicability of the logging instrument is fully improved. In addition, after the second backup arm 13 extends out to execute the reverse backup action, the next coring operation step can be continuously performed on the basis of the extended second backup arm 13, or after the first backup arm 8 extends out to execute the reverse backup action, the next sampling operation step can be continuously performed on the basis of the extended first backup arm 8, so that the operation efficiency of the coring-sampling continuous logging mode can be further improved, and the cost is reduced.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention can realize the independent operation processes of coring, sampling and pressure measuring, and can also adopt the continuous operation processes of coring-sampling, coring-pressure measuring, sampling-pressure measuring, coring-sampling-pressure measuring, thereby improving the utilization rate of equipment and reducing the downhole times, thereby reducing the time of occupying a wellhead, improving the operation efficiency of a continuous logging mode and reducing the cost;
2. the first pushing arm and the second pushing arm execute reverse pushing action, so that self-stuck releasing operation during sampling and pressure measuring operation and self-stuck releasing operation during coring operation are realized, the stuck releasing operation is simple and convenient, the integral integration degree of the instrument is higher, a stuck releasing reverse pushing assembly does not need to be additionally arranged, the structural cost and the energy consumption of equipment are reduced, the damage of the instrument is reduced, and the logging operation is smoother;
3. the electric control device adopts a modular structure design, adopts a unified interface and a unified bus form for connection, and can flexibly connect all instrument strings according to the actual operation process, so that the sampling, coring and pressure measuring processes are not interfered with each other, and can work in coordination, thereby improving the operation reliability.
In the description of the present embodiment, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "opposite", "one side", "both sides", "opposite side", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the structures referred to have specific orientations, are constructed and operated in specific orientations, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A logging instrument, comprising:
a main body;
the sampling mechanism comprises a probe and a first leaning arm which are telescopically arranged on the main body, and the probe and the first leaning arm are respectively arranged on one side relative to the main body;
the coring mechanism comprises a coring bit and a second pushing arm which are telescopically arranged on the main body, and the coring bit and the second pushing arm are respectively arranged on one side relative to the main body;
the electric control device is used for controlling the main body, the sampling mechanism and the coring mechanism to carry out sampling and coring operation;
wherein the second backup arm can be used as a reverse backup arm of the sampling mechanism, and the first backup arm can be used as a reverse backup arm of the coring mechanism.
2. The logging instrument of claim 1, wherein:
the included angle between the second leaning arm and the extending direction of the probe is 0-90 degrees; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
the included angle between the extending directions of the second leaning arm and the first leaning arm is larger than 0 degree and smaller than or equal to 90 degrees.
3. The logging instrument of claim 1, wherein:
the number of the first leaning arms is at least two, and the probe is located between the first leaning arms.
4. The logging instrument of claim 1, wherein:
the number of the second pushing arms is at least two, and the coring bit is positioned between the second pushing arms.
5. A logging instrument as claimed in any one of claims 1-4, wherein:
the logging instrument further comprises a communication device and a communication control device, the electric control device is connected with the communication control device through the communication device, and the communication control device controls the main body, the sampling mechanism and the coring mechanism to perform sampling and coring operations according to instructions of the electric control device.
6. A logging instrument as claimed in any one of claims 1-4, wherein:
the logging instrument further comprises a tension measuring assembly arranged on the main body, and the electric control device controls the reverse pushing arm to execute reverse pushing action according to a detection result of the tension measuring assembly.
7. A logging instrument as claimed in any one of claims 1-4, wherein:
the sampling mechanism further comprises a sampling barrel and a sampling channel, the fluid sample channel of the probe is connected with the sampling channel, and the sampling channel is connected with the sampling barrel;
the sampling mechanism further comprises a fluid identification component located between the fluid sample channel and the sampling channel;
and the electric control device discharges the fluid sample into the sampling barrel according to the detection result of the fluid identification assembly, or discharges the fluid sample to the outside.
8. A logging instrument as claimed in any one of claims 1-4, wherein:
the sampling mechanism also includes a load cell assembly for measuring the pressure of the fluid sample taken by the sampling mechanism.
9. A method of coring a sample, comprising a sampling process and a coring process performed using the logging instrument of any one of claims 1-8,
wherein the sampling process comprises:
the first pushing arm extends out of the main body to push against the well wall, and meanwhile, the probe extends out of the main body to be in contact with the well wall and be set;
the probe aspirates and collects fluid;
after the fluid sample is collected, the first pushing arm and the probe are retracted;
if the logging instrument is not stuck, the sampling operation is finished; if the logging instrument is stuck, the second pushing arm extends out to execute reverse pushing action to release the stuck logging instrument, and sampling operation is finished;
wherein the coring process comprises:
the second pushing wall extends to push against the main body to abut against the well wall;
extending the coring bit out of the core and collecting;
after the collection is finished, the second pushing arm and the coring bit are retracted;
if the logging instrument is not stuck, the coring operation is finished; and if the logging instrument is stuck, the first pushing arm extends out to execute reverse pushing action to release the stuck logging instrument, and the coring operation is completed.
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| CN111624043B (en) * | 2020-06-17 | 2024-02-06 | 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 | Fluid sampling instrument outlet control module |
| CN113279744A (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2021-08-20 | 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 | Logging system and logging control method thereof |
| CN113494257B (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2023-09-15 | 中海油田服务股份有限公司 | Coring and sampling integrated nipple and downhole instrument |
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