CN108755712B - Treatment method and application of slope landslide of cut slope in phyllite region - Google Patents
Treatment method and application of slope landslide of cut slope in phyllite region Download PDFInfo
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for treating slope landslide in a phyllite region, which comprises the following steps: a. surveying and mapping the slope length L, the slope alpha and the upper side area A of the landslide body in the field surveyuAnd the slope beta of the upper side surface of the sliding mass; b. calculating the risk of slope landslide of the artificial slope cutting in the phyllite region; c. classifying the risk level; d. setting the critical value Tcr of the treated terrain factor to be 2.10, and if the treated terrain factor T' is less than or equal to 2.10, then the treatment is qualified; if L is more than or equal to 3m and is T'>2.10, continuing comprehensive treatment. The invention comprehensively considers the topographic influence factors of the side slope landslide, takes the reduction of the catchment area at the upper part of the landslide body as a preferred treatment measure, reduces the area of the catchment area at the upper side of the landslide body, and reduces catchment and water inflow infiltration; and the slope of the landslide body is reduced in a matched manner, and the landslide power is reduced, so that the requirement for treating the landslide can be met, and the landslide control effect is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of artificial slope cutting landslide control, in particular to a method for treating slope cutting landslide in phyllite areas and application.
Background
The new side slopes formed by artificial slope cutting are widely distributed in low mountains and hilly areas, particularly in the low mountains and hilly areas of the east of China.
As the income of people increases, the living area of people is also increased continuously, the original house can not meet the increasing living demand of local residents, and a new building needs to be covered. However, the cultivated land of China is less, the cultivated land needs to be protected, and if a new house needs to be covered, a new method is only needed. The method for forming a new residential home by slope cutting on a low mountain side is the only conceivable method. In order to reduce the construction cost, the slope of the slope is increased as a common choice for residents, but the large slope brings potential safety hazards: the manual slope cutting originally brings instability, the slope is more unstable due to the large slope cutting slope, and landslide is often formed under the induction of heavy rainfall. Therefore, the method is very important and significant in making correct treatment measures for slope landslides of the artificial slope cutting.
The occurrence of slope landslide of artificial cutting in phyllite areas often requires two conditions: firstly, the terrain condition of shallow soil landslide is facilitated; secondly, abundant rainfall infiltrates into the soil body and finally induces the occurrence of landslide. These conditions affect and determine the stability of the slope soil in general. Wherein, the influence factor of topography condition to the slope landslide of artifical slope cutting includes: slope gradient of the potential landslide body and gentle slope terrain on the upper side of the landslide body. The two sides of the potential landslide body are generally planes, and the landslide is not influenced; the lower side of the potential landslide body is not provided with an empty surface generally, but the landslide body can still be cut out to form a landslide.
At present, scholars at home and abroad do not have enough research on the slope landslide of the manual slope cutting. The research on The topographic conditions of shallow landslide formation mainly focuses on The research of slope slopes, is simple data statistics of The development and distribution rules of The slope slopes, and does not deeply research The intrinsic mechanisms (engineering geology report 2013,21:607 + 612; hydroelectric power science 2014,32:119 + 122; mountains report 2015,33:108 + 115; geotechnical mechanics 2006,27:1393 + 1397; geotechnical mechanics 2007,28: 2046 + 2010; geological disaster and environmental protection 2000,11:145 + 146; geological information in evaluation natural hazards 1995,135 + 175; Toro nto 1984,307 + 323 + 331; Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 1993,18:579 + 591 + 1995, Net 93-106; geomo 309 + 1998 + 24 + 31) and is difficult to research in other areas. In addition to the influence of slope gradient on shallow landslide, the influence of factors such as upstream, left and right sides and downstream of a shallow landslide sensitive area on shallow landslide is slightly studied, but most of the studies are concentrated on qualitative research and the influence of a single factor is described, and a quantitative calculation method such as an upstream calculation model is rarely considered (Water resources research,1994,4: 1153-. The above rough slope judgment methods and single topographic factor research have poor accuracy for shallow soil landslide risk judgment, and cannot provide effective methods for artificial slope management measures in phyllite regions.
Chinese patent document CN 104805846a, published as 2015, 07-29 discloses a method for classifying risks of shallow surface soil landslide, which is characterized in that: the method comprises the steps of determining basic topographic data of a landslide body through field survey and drawing, respectively researching the relation between the slope and the upper slope and the length, the slope and the width of the side surfaces on two sides and the slope and the length of the lower portion, carrying out association research on the relation, and finally establishing a more accurate easy-to-send calculation model of the shallow surface soil landslide by combining the action mechanism of each influence factor in the landslide, so as to determine the risk classification level of the shallow surface soil landslide.
Chinese patent publication No. CN 105804094a, 2016, month 07, and day 27 discloses a method for determining risk of rocky landslide, comprising the steps of: a. determining basic topographic data of the landslide mass by field survey mapping: slope alpha of the slip mass, area A of the slip mass, area Au of the upper side of the slip mass, slope beta of the upper side of the slip mass, and area A of the left side of the slip massLLeft side relief gradient theta of landslide body1Area A of the right side surface of the landslide bodyRRight side relief gradient theta of landslide body2(ii) a b. Calculating a steep terrain factor U and two side synthesis factors C; c. then, calculating a terrain comprehensive discrimination factor T; d. and classifying the danger level of the rock landslide.
The prior art represented by the above patent documents is mainly directed to soil landslides or rock landslides in red zone, is not suitable for other zones, cannot judge the landslide danger of artificial slope cutting side slopes, and cannot be used for guiding the control of artificial slope cutting.
Furthermore, these studies are only applied to natural slopes, where the slope of the potential landslide mass tends to be below 45 degrees, and substantially impossible above 50 degrees. Because the potential slip mass has a slope greater than 50 degrees, either there is no soil layer or it has already slipped. And the slope of the artificial slope cutting in the phyllite area is basically over 50 degrees, no free surface exists, and no catchment exists on the two sides. The side slope of the artificial slope cutting has different topographic characteristics from the natural side slope, so that the side slope of the artificial slope cutting is easy to form a landslide, has higher danger and needs more pertinence in treatment.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the artificial cutting slope in the phyllite region, the invention comprehensively considers the topographic influence factors of the slope landslide, takes the reduction of the catchment area at the upper part of the landslide body as a preferred treatment measure, reduces the area of the catchment area at the upper side of the landslide body, and reduces catchment and water inflow infiltration; and the slope of the landslide body is reduced in a matched manner, and the landslide power is reduced, so that the requirement for treating the landslide can be met, and the landslide control effect is improved.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for treating slope landslide of a cut slope in phyllite areas is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. landslide mass slope length L, landslide mass slope alpha and landslide mass upper side area A of artificial slope cutting slope landslide in phyllite region through field surveyuAnd the slope beta of the upper side surface of the sliding mass;
b. calculating the risk of slope landslide of the artificial slope cutting in the phyllite region by using formula 1;
t ═ S +1.8U formula 1
Wherein T is a terrain factor; s is a slope factor of the landslide body and is determined by calculation of formula 2; u is a uphill terrain factor and is determined by calculation according to formula 3;
s-tan alpha formula 2
U＝tan(α-β)AuA formula 3
In the formula, alpha is the slope of the landslide body and is unit degree; a. theuIs the upper side area of the landslide body, unit m2(ii) a A is the area of the landslide body in m2(ii) a Beta is the slope of the upper side surface of the landslide body, and the unit degree is less than alpha;
when beta is larger than or equal to alpha, let tan (alpha-beta) Au/A＝0；
c. Dividing the danger level of the artificial slope cutting slope landslide in phyllite areas by using the landslide body slope length L and the terrain factor T;
when L is less than 3m, the danger of slope landslide of the artificial slope cutting slope in the phyllite region is extremely low;
when L is more than or equal to 3m and T is less than 3.0, the danger of slope landslide of the artificial slope cutting in phyllite areas is very small;
when L is more than or equal to 3m and T is more than or equal to 3.0 and less than 3.3, the danger of slope landslide of the artificial cutting slope in phyllite areas is small;
when L is more than or equal to 3m and T is more than or equal to 3.3 and less than 3.5, the danger of slope landslide of the artificial slope cutting side slope in the phyllite region is moderate;
when L is larger than or equal to 3m and T is larger than or equal to 3.5, the danger of slope landslide of the artificial slope cutting in phyllite areas is large;
d. setting the critical value Tcr of the topographic factor after the landslide of the artificial slope cutting slope in the phyllite region to be 2.10, and if the topographic factor T' after the treatment is less than or equal to 2.10, determining that the treatment is qualified; if the slope length L of the landslide body is more than or equal to 3m and T' is more than 2.10, continuing comprehensive treatment.
And d, comprehensively treating the slope, namely building a drainage ditch and continuously cutting the slope of the slope to reduce the slope of the slope.
The drainage ditch is built in the catchment district of landslide body upper portion, and the drainage ditch width is 0.3m, and the drainage ditch central line is parallel with the last reason after continuing to cut the slope and the distance is 3m, and the drainage ditch both ends surpass landslide body upside border, and the drainage ditch bottom is the impermeable water layer.
In the step d, the treated terrain factor T' is calculated and determined by formula 4;
t ' ═ tan α ' +5.4tan (α ' - β)/L formula 4
In the formula, alpha' is the slope after slope cutting and is in unit degree; the slope alpha' after slope cutting is obtained by trial calculation through an iteration method, and alpha is set0If T' is less than or equal to 2.10, constructing a drainage ditch, and treating to be qualified; if T'>2.10, then the first step is carried out: let alpha1＝α0-1, recalculating T 'by equation 4, if T'>2.10, then the second step is carried out: let alpha2＝α11, repeating the steps till the nth step, and obtaining the slope alpha 'after slope cutting when T' is less than or equal to 2.10n。
The method is suitable for the treatment of the artificial cutting slope landslide in phyllite areas with the landslide body gradient of 52-56 degrees.
The basic principle of the invention is as follows:
the landslide of the manual slope cutting side slope mainly occurs on soil bodies excavated recently, the loose structure of the slope body has larger pore ratio and strong water permeability, and the landslide is easily influenced by atmospheric precipitation and reservoir water level periodicity due to the loose structure of the slope body and has poor stability.
The side slope of the artificial slope belongs to a soil slope, the soil layer belongs to a stacking layer and is a stacking layer formed after the original rock is weathered and carried in a short distance, and therefore the characteristics of the soil are mainly controlled by the lithology of the original rock. Among the characteristics of soil, the osmotic coefficient and the influence of clay minerals on landslide are the largest. The larger the permeability coefficient of soil is, the easier the rainfall-induced water flow enters the soil, and when the water flow seeps into the waterproof water-resisting layer in the soil, the water level is lifted to increase the dead weight and gliding force of the soil layer, the bottom friction force is reduced, and the more easy landslide of the soil layer occurs. The stronger the viscosity of clay minerals in the soil, the more the content of clay particles is, the more water will be absorbed when rainfall occurs, and the more shrinkage will be caused when drying occurs, so as to form larger cracks; the larger the crack is, the easier the rainfall is to enter the soil along the crack, when the water flows to the waterproof water-resisting layer, the water level is lifted to increase the dead weight and gliding force of the soil layer, the bottom friction force is reduced, and the more easy the soil layer is to slide. Therefore, the coarser the particles of the bed soil formed by weathering of the original rock, the greater the permeability coefficient thereof, the more likely landslide occurs; the stronger the viscosity of clay minerals of the bed soil formed by weathering of the original rock, the more the content of clay particles, the more likely landslide occurs. The dangerousness of artificial slope cutting and landslide in different lithologic regions, critical values of rainfall induced landslide and management modes of landslide are greatly different.
Phyllite is a low-grade metamorphic rock with a thousand-piece structure. The original rock is usually argillaceous rock, siltstone, medium and acid tuff, etc., and is formed through regional low-temperature dynamic modification or regional dynamic heat flow modification. Typical mineral compositions are sericite, chlorite and quartz, which can contain a small amount of feldspar, carbon, iron and other substances, and the clay mineral content is very high. The clay content of the soil of the accumulation layer formed by the weathering of phyllite is more, belonging to coarse-grained soil; the soil permeability is poor, but the soil is easy to crack after absorbing water and shrinking. Such manual slope cutting is prone to landslide.
The slope is the most main factor influencing the occurrence of landslide, the steepness of the slope of the hillside not only influences the collection and distribution of loose debris substances, but also influences the converging condition of the slope, most of manual slope cutting landslide occurs on the slope of 50-70 degrees, and the power of the landslide is insufficient if the slope is too gentle, so that the landslide cannot occur; if the slope is too steep, the slope surface may be unstable during excavation, and landslide may occur. The upper-slow-lower steep terrain is favorable for rainwater to infiltrate into a potential landslide body, so that a soil body is gradually saturated and softened, the matrix suction and the shear strength are gradually reduced, the local soil body is subjected to shear failure and generates shear cracks, rainwater continuously infiltrates into the cracks to saturate the cracks, the pore water pressure is increased to form super-pore water pressure, the shear cracks are gradually expanded and communicated to form a shear surface, the soil body strength is further reduced, and finally the local soil body slides down along a sliding belt because the shear strength of the shear surface is lower than the shear stress. Rainwater permeates into the soil body and goes down along the slope to form a shear surface, and then the rainwater penetrates through and seeps out of the shear outlet, so that the slope body slides down. However, the lower side of the landslide body is not provided with a free surface, and the landslide body needs to be provided with a shearing outlet at the lower end of the landslide body. Therefore, the slope height of the landslide body is too small, rainwater enters the ground surface without reaching the shear outlet and cannot be sheared out, and therefore the landslide cannot be formed. Therefore, the slope and the upper gentle slope act on the landslide, but the influence of the slope is the largest. While the effect of the upper gentle slope is very great. The invention reduces the slope of the side slope, reduces the catchment area of the upper buffering area, and completely combines the two aspects together, thereby reducing the danger of the side slope and achieving the effect of treatment.
The beneficial effects of the invention are mainly shown in the following aspects:
aiming at artificial slope cutting in phyllite areas, the invention comprehensively considers the topographic influence factors of side slope landslide, carries out internal mechanism research on the occurrence degree of the landslide, takes the reduction of catchment areas at the upper part of a landslide body as a preferred treatment measure, reduces the area of the catchment areas at the upper side of the landslide body, and reduces catchment and water inflow infiltration; and the slope of the landslide body is reduced in a matched manner, and the landslide power is reduced, so that the landslide control requirement can be met, and the landslide control effect is improved.
The invention comprehensively considers the topographic influence factors of the slope landslide of the artificial slope cutting, takes the slope of the landslide body as a second treatment measure, and reduces the power of the landslide by reducing the slope of the landslide body, thereby further ensuring the landslide treatment effect.
Thirdly, the influence of possibly rainwater infiltrated soil on the landslide in the area above the drainage ditch is comprehensively considered, a smaller terrain factor critical value Tcr after treatment is set and is 70% of the minimum risk critical value, and the actual landslide body slope length L 'is replaced by the smaller landslide body slope length L, so that the calculated terrain factor T' value after treatment is larger, and the better treatment effect and the higher safety can be ensured.
And fourthly, in consideration of the difficulty of artificial slope treatment, the invention provides a preferred treatment scheme of the drainage ditch, and on the basis of the scheme, the slope of the artificial slope is reduced, so that the work load of slope cutting treatment meeting the treatment effect is greatly reduced, and the working strength is greatly reduced.
Fifth, the invention, the drain ditch is built in the upper catchment area of the landslide body, the width of the drain ditch is 0.3m, the central line of the drain ditch is parallel to the upper edge after the slope is continuously cut, and the distance is 3m, both ends of the drain ditch exceed the boundary of the upper side of the landslide body, the bottom of the drain ditch is a water-tight layer, can ensure that the water flow gathered from the upstream of the drain ditch flows to the outside of the landslide area, the drain ditch guides the catchment of the upper side to other places, no longer flows into the upper side of the landslide body to be close to the upper edge of the landslide body and the landslide body, reduce the water flow collection and infiltration, and then help to.
Drawings
The invention will be further described in detail with reference to the drawings and the detailed description, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of a topographical element;
FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of a topographical element;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the front side of the terrain after treatment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic side view of the terrain after remediation;
wherein: a. theuUpper side of the sliding bodyArea, A, the area of the landslide body, L, the slope length of the landslide body, alpha, the slope of the landslide body, beta, the slope of the upper side of the landslide body, A', the area of the landslide body after treatment, Au' treating the upper side area, L ', the slope length, alpha ' and the slope gradient of the rear slip mass.
Detailed Description
Example 1
A method for treating slope landslide of a cut slope in phyllite areas comprises the following steps:
a. landslide mass slope length L, landslide mass slope alpha and landslide mass upper side area A of artificial slope cutting slope landslide in phyllite region through field surveyuAnd the slope beta of the upper side surface of the sliding mass;
b. calculating the risk of slope landslide of the artificial slope cutting in the phyllite region by using formula 1;
t ═ S +1.8U formula 1
Wherein T is a terrain factor; s is a slope factor of the landslide body and is determined by calculation of formula 2; u is a uphill terrain factor and is determined by calculation according to formula 3;
s-tan alpha formula 2
U＝tan(α-β)AuA formula 3
In the formula, alpha is the slope of the landslide body and is unit degree; a. theuIs the upper side area of the landslide body, unit m2(ii) a A is the area of the landslide body in m2(ii) a Beta is the slope of the upper side surface of the landslide body, and the unit degree is less than alpha;
when beta is larger than or equal to alpha, let tan (alpha-beta) Au/A＝0；
c. Dividing the danger level of the artificial slope cutting slope landslide in phyllite areas by using the landslide body slope length L and the terrain factor T;
when L is less than 3m, the danger of slope landslide of the artificial slope cutting slope in the phyllite region is extremely low;
when L is more than or equal to 3m and T is less than 3.0, the danger of slope landslide of the artificial slope cutting in phyllite areas is very small;
when L is more than or equal to 3m and T is more than or equal to 3.0 and less than 3.3, the danger of slope landslide of the artificial cutting slope in phyllite areas is small;
when L is more than or equal to 3m and T is more than or equal to 3.3 and less than 3.5, the danger of slope landslide of the artificial slope cutting side slope in the phyllite region is moderate;
when L is larger than or equal to 3m and T is larger than or equal to 3.5, the danger of slope landslide of the artificial slope cutting in phyllite areas is large;
d. setting the critical value Tcr of the topographic factor after the landslide of the artificial slope cutting slope in the phyllite region to be 2.10, and if the topographic factor T' after the treatment is less than or equal to 2.10, determining that the treatment is qualified; if the slope length L of the landslide body is more than or equal to 3m and T' is more than 2.10, continuing comprehensive treatment.
The embodiment is the most basic implementation mode, aiming at artificial slope cutting in phyllite regions, the terrain influence factors of side slope landslide are comprehensively considered, the internal mechanism research is carried out on the occurrence degree of the landslide, the reduction of the catchment area at the upper part of a landslide body is taken as a preferred treatment measure, the area of the catchment area at the upper side of the landslide body is reduced, and catchment and water inflow infiltration are reduced; and the slope of the landslide body is reduced in a matched manner, and the landslide power is reduced, so that the landslide control requirement can be met, and the landslide control effect is improved.
Example 2
A method for treating slope landslide of a cut slope in phyllite areas comprises the following steps:
a. landslide mass slope length L, landslide mass slope alpha and landslide mass upper side area A of artificial slope cutting slope landslide in phyllite region through field surveyuAnd the slope beta of the upper side surface of the sliding mass;
b. calculating the risk of slope landslide of the artificial slope cutting in the phyllite region by using formula 1;
t ═ S +1.8U formula 1
Wherein T is a terrain factor; s is a slope factor of the landslide body and is determined by calculation of formula 2; u is a uphill terrain factor and is determined by calculation according to formula 3;
s-tan alpha formula 2
U＝tan(α-β)AuA formula 3
In the formula, alpha is the slope of the landslide body and is unit degree; a. theuIs the upper side area of the landslide body, unit m2(ii) a A is the area of the landslide body in m2(ii) a Beta is the slope of the upper side surface of the landslide body, and the unit degree is less than alpha;
when beta is larger than or equal to alpha, let tan (alpha-beta) Au/A＝0；
c. Dividing the danger level of the artificial slope cutting slope landslide in phyllite areas by using the landslide body slope length L and the terrain factor T;
when L is less than 3m, the danger of slope landslide of the artificial slope cutting slope in the phyllite region is extremely low;
when L is more than or equal to 3m and T is less than 3.0, the danger of slope landslide of the artificial slope cutting in phyllite areas is very small;
when L is more than or equal to 3m and T is more than or equal to 3.0 and less than 3.3, the danger of slope landslide of the artificial cutting slope in phyllite areas is small;
when L is more than or equal to 3m and T is more than or equal to 3.3 and less than 3.5, the danger of slope landslide of the artificial slope cutting side slope in the phyllite region is moderate;
when L is larger than or equal to 3m and T is larger than or equal to 3.5, the danger of slope landslide of the artificial slope cutting in phyllite areas is large;
d. setting the critical value Tcr of the topographic factor after the landslide of the artificial slope cutting slope in the phyllite region to be 2.10, and if the topographic factor T' after the treatment is less than or equal to 2.10, determining that the treatment is qualified; if the slope length L of the landslide body is more than or equal to 3m and T' is more than 2.10, continuing comprehensive treatment.
And d, comprehensively treating the slope, namely building a drainage ditch and continuously cutting the slope of the slope to reduce the slope of the slope.
The embodiment is a better implementation mode, the terrain influence factors of the slope landslide of the artificial slope cutting are comprehensively considered, the slope of the landslide body is taken as a second treatment measure, and the power of the landslide is reduced by reducing the slope of the landslide body, so that the landslide treatment effect can be further ensured.
Example 3
A method for treating slope landslide of a cut slope in phyllite areas comprises the following steps:
a. landslide mass slope length L, landslide mass slope alpha and landslide mass upper side area A of artificial slope cutting slope landslide in phyllite region through field surveyuAnd the slope beta of the upper side surface of the sliding mass;
b. calculating the risk of slope landslide of the artificial slope cutting in the phyllite region by using formula 1;
t ═ S +1.8U formula 1
Wherein T is a terrain factor; s is a slope factor of the landslide body and is determined by calculation of formula 2; u is a uphill terrain factor and is determined by calculation according to formula 3;
s-tan alpha formula 2
U＝tan(α-β)AuA formula 3
In the formula, alpha is the slope of the landslide body and is unit degree; a. theuIs the upper side area of the landslide body, unit m2(ii) a A is the area of the landslide body in m2(ii) a Beta is the slope of the upper side surface of the landslide body, and the unit degree is less than alpha;
when beta is larger than or equal to alpha, let tan (alpha-beta) Au/A＝0；
c. Dividing the danger level of the artificial slope cutting slope landslide in phyllite areas by using the landslide body slope length L and the terrain factor T;
when L is less than 3m, the danger of slope landslide of the artificial slope cutting slope in the phyllite region is extremely low;
when L is more than or equal to 3m and T is less than 3.0, the danger of slope landslide of the artificial slope cutting in phyllite areas is very small;
when L is more than or equal to 3m and T is more than or equal to 3.0 and less than 3.3, the danger of slope landslide of the artificial cutting slope in phyllite areas is small;
when L is more than or equal to 3m and T is more than or equal to 3.3 and less than 3.5, the danger of slope landslide of the artificial slope cutting side slope in the phyllite region is moderate;
when L is larger than or equal to 3m and T is larger than or equal to 3.5, the danger of slope landslide of the artificial slope cutting in phyllite areas is large;
d. setting the critical value Tcr of the topographic factor after the landslide of the artificial slope cutting slope in the phyllite region to be 2.10, and if the topographic factor T' after the treatment is less than or equal to 2.10, determining that the treatment is qualified; if the slope length L of the landslide body is more than or equal to 3m and T' is more than 2.10, continuing comprehensive treatment.
And d, comprehensively treating the slope, namely building a drainage ditch and continuously cutting the slope of the slope to reduce the slope of the slope.
The drainage ditch is built in the catchment district of landslide body upper portion, and the drainage ditch width is 0.3m, and the drainage ditch central line is parallel with the last reason after continuing to cut the slope and the distance is 3m, and the drainage ditch both ends surpass landslide body upside border, and the drainage ditch bottom is the impermeable water layer.
In this embodiment, the influence of the area above the drainage ditch and possibly rainwater infiltration soil on the landslide is fully considered, a smaller governed terrain factor threshold value Tcr is set to be 70% of the minimum risk threshold value, and the actual governed terrain factor T ' is replaced by the smaller landslide body slope length L ', so that the calculated governed terrain factor T ' has a larger value, thereby ensuring better governance effect and higher safety.
The difficulty of artificial slope treatment is considered, a first-choice treatment scheme of the drainage ditch is provided, and on the basis of the scheme, the slope of the artificial slope is reduced, so that the work load of slope cutting treatment meeting the treatment effect is greatly reduced, and the work intensity is greatly reduced.
Example 4
A method for treating slope landslide of a cut slope in phyllite areas comprises the following steps:
a. landslide mass slope length L, landslide mass slope alpha and landslide mass upper side area A of artificial slope cutting slope landslide in phyllite region through field surveyuAnd the slope beta of the upper side surface of the sliding mass;
b. calculating the risk of slope landslide of the artificial slope cutting in the phyllite region by using formula 1;
t ═ S +1.8U formula 1
Wherein T is a terrain factor; s is a slope factor of the landslide body and is determined by calculation of formula 2; u is a uphill terrain factor and is determined by calculation according to formula 3;
s-tan alpha formula 2
U＝tan(α-β)AuA formula 3
In the formula, alpha is the slope of the landslide body and is unit degree; a. theuIs the upper side area of the landslide body, unit m2(ii) a A is the area of the landslide body in m2(ii) a Beta is the slope of the upper side surface of the landslide body, and the unit degree is less than alpha;
when beta is larger than or equal to alpha, let tan (alpha-beta) Au/A＝0；
c. Dividing the danger level of the artificial slope cutting slope landslide in phyllite areas by using the landslide body slope length L and the terrain factor T;
when L is less than 3m, the danger of slope landslide of the artificial slope cutting slope in the phyllite region is extremely low;
when L is more than or equal to 3m and T is less than 3.0, the danger of slope landslide of the artificial slope cutting in phyllite areas is very small;
when L is more than or equal to 3m and T is more than or equal to 3.0 and less than 3.3, the danger of slope landslide of the artificial cutting slope in phyllite areas is small;
when L is more than or equal to 3m and T is more than or equal to 3.3 and less than 3.5, the danger of slope landslide of the artificial slope cutting side slope in the phyllite region is moderate;
when L is larger than or equal to 3m and T is larger than or equal to 3.5, the danger of slope landslide of the artificial slope cutting in phyllite areas is large;
d. setting the critical value Tcr of the topographic factor after the landslide of the artificial slope cutting slope in the phyllite region to be 2.10, and if the topographic factor T' after the treatment is less than or equal to 2.10, determining that the treatment is qualified; if the slope length L of the landslide body is more than or equal to 3m and T' is more than 2.10, continuing comprehensive treatment.
And d, comprehensively treating the slope, namely building a drainage ditch and continuously cutting the slope of the slope to reduce the slope of the slope.
The drainage ditch is built in the catchment district of landslide body upper portion, and the drainage ditch width is 0.3m, and the drainage ditch central line is parallel with the last reason after continuing to cut the slope and the distance is 3m, and the drainage ditch both ends surpass landslide body upside border, and the drainage ditch bottom is the impermeable water layer.
In the step d, the treated terrain factor T' is calculated and determined by formula 4;
t ' ═ tan α ' +5.4tan (α ' - β)/L formula 4
In the formula, alpha' is the slope after slope cutting and is in unit degree; the slope alpha' after slope cutting is obtained by trial calculation through an iteration method, and alpha is set0If T' is less than or equal to 2.10, constructing a drainage ditch, and treating to be qualified; if T'>2.10, then the first step is carried out: let alpha1＝α0-1, recalculating T 'by equation 4, if T'>2.10, then the second step is carried out: let alpha2＝α11, repeating the steps till the nth step, and obtaining the slope alpha 'after slope cutting when T' is less than or equal to 2.10n。
The method is suitable for the treatment of the artificial cutting slope landslide in phyllite areas with the landslide body gradient of 52-56 degrees.
The embodiment is a best mode, the drainage ditch is built in a catchment area at the upper part of the landslide body, the width of the drainage ditch is 0.3m, the central line of the drainage ditch is parallel to the upper edge of the landslide body after the landslide is continuously cut, the distance is 3m, two ends of the drainage ditch exceed the upper side boundary of the landslide body, the bottom of the drainage ditch is a water-impermeable layer, water flow collected from the upstream of the drainage ditch can be ensured to flow out of the landslide area, the drainage ditch guides the catchment at the upper side to other places, the catchment does not flow into the upper side of the landslide body to be close to the upper edge of the landslide body and the landslide body, water flow collection and infiltration.
The treatment method of the invention is verified by the following specific examples:
the side slope landslide of mass artificial slope cutting occurs in 19 days 5 months in 2015 in the pre-town village of silver pits in Yangzhou county in Jiangxi province, but not all the side slopes of the artificial slope cutting occur. The region belongs to the phyllite region.
The treatment method is adopted to treat the side slope of the artificial slope of the village before the kiln of the Yingkou Zhenju province in Jiangxi province, and the effects before and after treatment are compared.
The artificial slope to be treated has 9 parts of landslide and artificial slope without landslide, wherein the soil at 3 parts of landslide and 6 parts of landslide belongs to the accumulation layer of phyllite areas. Referring to fig. 1 and 2, first, the slope α of each potential landslide mass, the area a of the landslide mass, the length L of the landslide mass, the slope β of the upper side of the landslide mass, and the area a of the upper side of the landslide mass are measured respectivelyuThe slope factor S of the landslide body is calculated by the formula 2, the uphill terrain factor U is calculated by the formula 3, and finally the terrain factor T is calculated by the formula 1.
And determining whether the treatment is needed or not according to the slope length L of the landslide body and the terrain factor T: when L is more than or equal to 3m and T is more than 2.10, treatment is needed. The 9 artificial slope cutting slope topographic factors including the calculation conditions of the slope length L measured value and the topographic factor T value of the landslide body, the risk classification before treatment, the risk classification after treatment, the slope alpha 'of the landslide body after treatment and the topographic factor T' after treatment are shown in the table 1.
TABLE 1
As can be seen from table 1: after the artificial slope landslide body is drained from the upper side and further manually cut slope to be treated, the possibility of landslide is very low, the artificial slope can be in a relatively safe state, the slope of manual further slope cutting is not very low and is between 47 and 61 degrees, and the treatment workload is not very high. Of which 1 does not require a hill-cutting.
Claims (3)
1. A method for treating slope landslide of a cut slope in phyllite areas is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. landslide mass slope length L, landslide mass slope alpha and landslide mass upper side area A of artificial slope cutting slope landslide in phyllite region through field surveyuAnd the slope beta of the upper side surface of the sliding mass;
b. calculating the risk of slope landslide of the artificial slope cutting in the phyllite region by using formula 1;
t ═ S +1.8U formula 1
Wherein T is a terrain factor; s is a slope factor of the landslide body and is determined by calculation of formula 2; u is a uphill terrain factor and is determined by calculation according to formula 3;
s-tan alpha formula 2
U＝tan(α-β)AuA formula 3
In the formula, alpha is the slope of the landslide body and is unit degree; a. theuIs the upper side area of the landslide body, unit m2(ii) a A is the area of the landslide body in m2(ii) a Beta is the slope of the upper side surface of the landslide body, and the unit degree is less than alpha;
when beta is larger than or equal to alpha, let tan (alpha-beta) Au/A＝0；
c. Dividing the danger level of the artificial slope cutting slope landslide in phyllite areas by using the landslide body slope length L and the terrain factor T;
when L is less than 3m, the danger of slope landslide of the artificial slope cutting slope in the phyllite region is extremely low;
when L is more than or equal to 3m and T is less than 3.0, the danger of slope landslide of the artificial slope cutting in phyllite areas is very small;
when L is more than or equal to 3m and T is more than or equal to 3.0 and less than 3.3, the danger of slope landslide of the artificial cutting slope in phyllite areas is small;
when L is more than or equal to 3m and T is more than or equal to 3.3 and less than 3.5, the danger of slope landslide of the artificial slope cutting side slope in the phyllite region is moderate;
when L is larger than or equal to 3m and T is larger than or equal to 3.5, the danger of slope landslide of the artificial slope cutting in phyllite areas is large;
d. setting the critical value Tcr of the topographic factor after the landslide of the artificial slope cutting slope in the phyllite region to be 2.10, and if the topographic factor T' after the treatment is less than or equal to 2.10, determining that the treatment is qualified; if the slope length L of the landslide body is more than or equal to 3m and T' is more than 2.10, continuing comprehensive treatment;
in the step d, comprehensive treatment comprises building a drainage ditch and continuously cutting the slope of the slope to reduce the slope gradient;
in the step d, the treated terrain factor T' is calculated and determined by formula 4;
t ' ═ tan α ' +5.4tan (α ' - β)/L formula 4
In the formula, alpha' is the slope after slope cutting and is in unit degree; the slope alpha' after slope cutting is obtained by trial calculation through an iteration method, and alpha is set0If T' is less than or equal to 2.10, the treatment is qualified; if T'>2.10, then the first step is carried out: let alpha1＝α0-1, recalculating T 'by equation 4, if T'>2.10, then the second step is carried out: let alpha2＝α11, repeating the steps till the nth step, and obtaining the slope alpha 'after slope cutting when T' is less than or equal to 2.10n。
2. The method for governing the landslide of the cut slope in phyllite areas according to claim 1, wherein: the drainage ditch is built in the catchment district of landslide body upper portion, and the drainage ditch width is 0.3m, and the drainage ditch central line is parallel with the last reason after continuing to cut the slope and the distance is 3m, and the drainage ditch both ends surpass landslide body upside border, and the drainage ditch bottom is the impermeable water layer.
3. The method for governing the landslide of the cut slope in phyllite areas according to claim 1, wherein: the method is suitable for the control of the artificial cutting slope landslide in phyllite areas with the landslide body gradient of 52-56 degrees.
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