CN108754205B - Preparation method of homologous microdroplet mixed carbon nanotube reinforced metal matrix composite material - Google Patents
Preparation method of homologous microdroplet mixed carbon nanotube reinforced metal matrix composite material Download PDFInfo
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- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
- C22C1/1036—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种同源微滴混入碳纳米管增强金属基复合材料的制备方法，能解决目前碳纳米管在金属基复合材料制备过程中容易团聚、密度小、不易混入金属熔体的问题。本发明方法为：将一定配比的同种球形金属粉末与碳纳米管粉末放入球磨罐中进行球磨法混合，球形金属粉末与碳纳米管粉末在球磨过程中会在粉末表面形成局部高温和压应力作用，得到表面粘结有碳纳米管的球形金属粉末。将得到的表面粘结有碳纳米管的金属粉末加入金属熔体中，在添加过程中对金属熔体进行轻微搅拌。同种球形金属粉末在高温下熔化，碳纳米管则均匀且弥散分布于金属熔体中，制备出碳纳米管在金属基体中均匀分布的增强金属基复合材料，整个制备过程操作简单、高效、便捷。
The invention discloses a preparation method of a carbon nanotube reinforced metal matrix composite material mixed with homologous droplets, which can solve the problems of easy agglomeration of carbon nanotubes, low density and difficult mixing into metal melt during the preparation process of the current metal matrix composite material. . The method of the invention is as follows: the spherical metal powder and the carbon nanotube powder of the same kind in a certain proportion are put into a ball milling tank to be mixed by a ball milling method. During the ball milling process, the spherical metal powder and the carbon nanotube powder will form local high temperature and Under the action of compressive stress, spherical metal powder with carbon nanotubes bonded on the surface is obtained. The obtained metal powder with surface-bonded carbon nanotubes is added to the metal melt, and the metal melt is slightly stirred during the adding process. The same spherical metal powder is melted at high temperature, and the carbon nanotubes are uniformly and dispersedly distributed in the metal melt to prepare a reinforced metal matrix composite material in which the carbon nanotubes are uniformly distributed in the metal matrix. Convenient.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for preparing a composite material by using a carbon nano tube as a reinforcing phase, in particular to a method for preparing a carbon nano tube reinforced metal matrix composite material, which is applied to the technical field of carbon nano tube reinforced metal matrix composite materials.
Background
Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) are a class of carbon materials that are hollow seamless tubular nanostructured materials formed by crimping single or multiple layers of graphite sheets. In recent years, the preparation, characterization and application research of carbon nanotubes has attracted great interest. The carbon nano tube has the characteristics of small tube diameter and large length-diameter ratio, so that the carbon nano tube has excellent performance. The average Young's modulus of the multi-walled carbon nanotubes is about 1.8 x 1012Pa is 100 times of that of steel, the bending strength can reach 14.2GPa, the existing strain energy reaches 100KeV, the super-strong mechanical property is shown, and the density is only 1/6 of the steel. When the carbon nano tube is stressed, the stress can be released through the pentagon and heptagon pairs, the carbon nano tube shows good self-lubricating performance, and the good prospect is shown for the application of the self-lubricating performance of the carbon nano tube. It is estimated that single-walled carbon nanotubes with a length of more than 10nm have a thermal coefficient of more than 2800W/(m.K) and almost the same thermal conductivity as diamond or sapphire, and theoretical predictions indicate that single-walled carbon nanotubes with a chiral vector of (10, 10) can even reach 6600W/(m.K) at room temperature. The conductivity of carbon nanotubes is influenced by their helical angle and straightnessThe influence of the diameter can be metallic, semi-metallic or semiconducting, and thus the conductivity of the carbon nanotube can change its electrical properties by changing the network structure and diameter in the tube. In addition, the carbon nano tube also has the characteristics of excellent optics, field emission, strong acid and strong alkali resistance, high temperature oxidation resistance and the like. Thus, carbon nanotubes are one of the ideal candidates for reinforcing composite materials. Since the metal matrix composite has good properties and is widely used, and the properties of the metal matrix composite can be conveniently controlled by adjusting the content of the reinforcing phase, the research on the preparation of the composite by using the carbon nanotube as the reinforcing phase is firstly carried out on the metal matrix. At present, carbon nanotubes have been developed as a reinforcing phase in composite materials such as Fe-based, Al-based, Cu-based, Mg-based, and Ni-based materials.
The methods for preparing the carbon nanotube reinforced metal matrix composite material are various, and referring to fig. 1, the carbon nanotube is used as a reinforcing phase and compounded with a metal by adopting a powder metallurgy method, a fusion casting method, a stirring casting method, a hot pressing method, an electrodeposition method, a chemical codeposition method and an in-situ synthesis method, so that the mechanical property and the corrosion resistance of the metal matrix composite material can be obviously improved. However, the density of single-walled carbon nanotubes is approximately 1.2g/cm due to the low density of carbon nanotubes3And metallic materials, e.g. Mg (1.738 g/cm)3)、Al(2.702g/cm3)、 Cu(8.96g/cm3)、Ni(8.902g/cm3)、Fe(7.874g/cm3)、Ti(4.54g/cm3) The density of the carbon nano tube is far higher than that of the carbon nano tube, so that the carbon nano tube is not easy to mix into metal melt in the process of preparing the reinforced metal matrix composite. In addition, because strong van der waals force exists among the carbon nanotubes, agglomeration is easy to generate, and the carbon nanotubes are difficult to uniformly disperse in the composite material; the carbon nanotube is formed by a single carbon atom passing through sp3Hybridization and sp2Hybrid compositions, low chemical activity, are difficult to form effective bonds with metal substrates when preparing composite materials. In addition, the size of the carbon nanotube is greatly different from the metal lattice, when the metal matrix composite is prepared, the carbon nanotube cannot enter metal and is repelled on a crystal boundary, and the carbon nanotube is difficult to form effective interface combination with a metal matrix, so that the carbon nanotube and the metal matrix form effective interface combination, andnone of the above preparation methods can completely solve the above problems. Therefore, the performance improvement of the metal matrix composite prepared by using the carbon nanotube as the reinforcing phase is not very large, and the ideal value is not achieved, especially in the aspect of mechanical property.
The technical literature indexes of the carbon nanotube + metal matrix composite material, such as the engineering abstracts index (EI), the scientific thesis database, the ISI Web of Science and other foreign technical databases, the Chinese journal network and the Weipu Chinese journal database in the United states, which adopt the carbon nanotube + metal matrix composite material as a keyword, do not find relevant literature reports on the preparation of the reinforced metal matrix composite material by mixing the carbon nanotube with the homologous microdrops. In addition, the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO), European Patent Office (EPO), World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), "chinese patent information network" and "national intellectual property office patent search of the people's republic of china" were searched, and no related literature report was found on the preparation of the reinforced metal matrix composite by mixing the carbon nanotubes with the homologous droplets. The carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube reinforced metal matrix composite are easy to aggregate, have small density, are not easy to be uniformly distributed on a metal matrix, and the preparation process is difficult to control, which becomes a technical problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems of the prior art, the invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a preparation method of a carbon nanotube reinforced metal matrix composite material mixed with homologous microdroplets.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for preparing a carbon nanotube reinforced metal matrix composite material mixed with homologous microdroplets comprises the following steps:
a. preparing the same kind of spherical metal powder as an adding raw material by adopting the same kind of metal material as the metal contained in the prepared carbon nanotube reinforced metal-based composite material, putting the same kind of spherical metal powder and the carbon nanotube powder in a certain ratio into a ball milling tank according to the adding amount of the carbon nanotube in the prepared carbon nanotube reinforced metal-based composite material, and mixing by a ball milling method, wherein the spherical metal powder and the carbon nanotube powder can form local high temperature and pressure stress action on the surface of the powder in the ball milling process to obtain the spherical metal powder with the carbon nanotube bonded on the surface for later use; preferably, the metal matrix material for preparing the carbon nano tube reinforced metal matrix composite is any one metal or alloy of any several metals of Mg, Al, Cu, Ni, Fe and Ti; the mode for preparing the same spherical metal powder preferably adopts a ball milling method, a jet milling method, a plasma rotating electrode method, a gas atomization method or a direct current arc method; when the mode for preparing the same spherical metal powder adopts a direct current arc method, preferably observing the spherical metal powder prepared by the direct current arc method under an optical microscope, and selecting the spherical metal powder with the sphericity meeting the requirement as an addition raw material; when the same spherical metal powder and the carbon nanotube powder are mixed by a ball milling method, the ball milling time is preferably controlled for at least 5 hours;
b. and c, adding the spherical metal powder with the carbon nano tubes bonded on the surface obtained in the step a into a metal melt, stirring the metal melt in the process of adding the spherical metal powder with the carbon nano tubes bonded on the surface, melting the same spherical metal powder at high temperature, uniformly distributing the carbon nano tubes in the metal melt, and preparing the reinforced metal matrix composite material with the carbon nano tubes uniformly distributed in a metal matrix after the metal melt is solidified. The metal melt and the spherical metal powder are the same metal and are easy to be uniformly mixed. The metal melt is stirred, and the stirring mode preferably adopts any one or the combination of any several methods of mechanical stirring, electromagnetic stirring and ultrasonic vibration stirring.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following obvious and prominent substantive characteristics and remarkable advantages:
1. the spherical metal powder selected by the method for bonding the carbon nano tube is the same metal material, and the use of the same spherical metal powder can ensure that the carbon nano tube is free from pollution in the process of mixing the carbon nano tube into the metal melt and improve the purity of the metal;
2. the spherical metal powder bonded with the carbon nano tube prepared by the ball milling method has the density similar to that of the metal melt, and can reduce the surface energy of the carbon nano tube to a greater extent, improve the wettability between the carbon nano tube and the metal melt, reduce the floating aggregation of the carbon nano tube, increase the bonding force between the carbon nano tube and the metal base material and improve the reinforcing effect of the carbon nano tube;
3. the method melts the same spherical metal powder at high temperature, and the carbon nano tubes are uniformly and dispersedly distributed in the metal melt, so that the reinforced metal matrix composite material with the uniformly distributed carbon nano tubes in the metal matrix is prepared, and a simple, efficient and convenient operation mode is provided for the uniform and dispersive distribution of the carbon nano tubes in the metal melt.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a process apparatus of a method for preparing a carbon nanotube reinforced metal matrix composite in the prior art.
Fig. 2 is a schematic process apparatus of a method for preparing a carbon nanotube reinforced metal matrix composite by mixing seven homologous droplets in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The above-described scheme is further illustrated below with reference to specific embodiments, which are detailed below:
example one
In this embodiment, referring to fig. 2, a method for preparing a carbon nanotube reinforced metal matrix composite by mixing homogenous droplets into a carbon nanotube reinforced Al matrix composite, for example, comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing spherical Al metal powder by using a direct current arc method, observing the spherical Al metal powder prepared by using the direct current arc method under an optical microscope, and selecting the spherical Al metal powder with the sphericity meeting the requirement as an addition raw material; according to the addition amount of the carbon nano tubes in the prepared carbon nano tube reinforced Al-based composite material, putting a certain proportion of spherical Al metal powder and carbon nano tube powder into a ball milling tank, mixing by a ball milling method, controlling the ball milling time for 5h, and forming local high temperature and compressive stress action on the powder surface by the spherical Al metal powder and the carbon nano tube powder in the ball milling process to obtain spherical Al metal powder with the carbon nano tubes bonded on the surface for later use;
(2) directly adding the spherical Al metal powder with the carbon nano tubes bonded on the surface obtained in the step (1) into an Al metal melt, and electromagnetically stirring the Al metal melt in the process of adding the spherical Al metal powder with the carbon nano tubes bonded on the surface to melt the spherical Al metal powder at high temperature, wherein the carbon nano tubes are uniformly distributed in the Al metal melt;
(3) and (3) after the metal melt dispersed with the spherical Al metal powder in the step (2) is solidified, preparing the reinforced Al metal matrix composite material with the carbon nano tubes uniformly distributed in the Al metal matrix.
In this example, a reinforced Al metal matrix composite material in which carbon nanotubes are uniformly distributed in an Al metal matrix is prepared. The carbon nano tube is uniformly and dispersedly distributed in the metal melt, the whole process is simple, efficient and easy to control, and the method is suitable for popularization and application.
Example two
This embodiment is substantially the same as the first embodiment, and is characterized in that:
in this embodiment, referring to fig. 2, a method for preparing a carbon nanotube reinforced metal matrix composite by mixing homogenous droplets, taking the preparation of a carbon nanotube reinforced Cu matrix composite as an example, includes the following steps:
(1) preparing spherical Cu metal powder by using a direct current arc method, observing the spherical Cu metal powder prepared by using the direct current arc method under an optical microscope, and selecting the spherical Cu metal powder with the sphericity meeting the requirement as an addition raw material; according to the addition amount of carbon nanotubes in the prepared carbon nanotube reinforced Cu-based composite material, putting spherical Cu metal powder and carbon nanotube powder in a certain ratio into a ball milling tank, mixing by a ball milling method, controlling the ball milling time for 5h, and forming local high-temperature and compressive stress effects on the powder surface by the spherical Cu metal powder and the carbon nanotube powder in the ball milling process to obtain spherical Cu metal powder with the carbon nanotubes bonded on the surface for later use;
(2) directly adding the spherical Cu metal powder with the carbon nano tubes bonded on the surface, which is obtained in the step (1), into a Cu metal melt, and electromagnetically stirring the Cu metal melt in the process of adding the spherical Cu metal powder with the carbon nano tubes bonded on the surface, so that the spherical Cu metal powder is melted at high temperature, and the carbon nano tubes are uniformly distributed in the Cu metal melt;
(3) and (3) after the metal melt dispersed with the spherical Cu metal powder in the step (2) is solidified, preparing the reinforced Cu metal matrix composite material with the carbon nano tubes uniformly distributed in the Cu metal matrix.
In this example, a reinforced Cu metal matrix composite material in which carbon nanotubes are uniformly distributed in a Cu metal matrix is prepared. The carbon nano tube is uniformly and dispersedly distributed in the metal melt, the whole process is simple, efficient and easy to control, and the method is suitable for popularization and application.
EXAMPLE III
This embodiment is substantially the same as the previous embodiment, and is characterized in that:
in this embodiment, referring to fig. 2, a method for preparing a carbon nanotube reinforced metal matrix composite material by mixing homogenous droplets, taking the preparation of a carbon nanotube reinforced Mg matrix composite material as an example, includes the following steps:
(1) preparing spherical Mg metal powder by using a direct current arc method, observing the spherical Mg metal powder prepared by using the direct current arc method under an optical microscope, and selecting the spherical Mg metal powder with the sphericity meeting the requirement as an addition raw material; according to the addition amount of carbon nanotubes in the prepared carbon nanotube reinforced Mg-based composite material, putting spherical Mg metal powder and carbon nanotube powder in a certain ratio into a ball milling tank, mixing by a ball milling method, controlling the ball milling time for 5 hours, and forming local high-temperature and compressive stress action on the powder surface by the spherical Mg metal powder and the carbon nanotube powder in the ball milling process to obtain spherical Mg metal powder with the carbon nanotubes bonded on the surface for later use;
(2) directly adding the spherical Mg metal powder with the carbon nano tubes bonded on the surface obtained in the step (1) into the Mg metal melt, and electromagnetically stirring the Mg metal melt in the process of adding the spherical Mg metal powder with the carbon nano tubes bonded on the surface to melt the spherical Mg metal powder at high temperature, wherein the carbon nano tubes are uniformly distributed in the Mg metal melt;
(3) and (3) after the metal melt dispersed with the spherical Mg metal powder in the step (2) is solidified, preparing the reinforced Mg metal matrix composite material with the carbon nano tubes uniformly distributed in the Mg metal matrix.
This example prepares a reinforced Mg metal matrix composite with carbon nanotubes uniformly distributed in the Mg metal matrix. The carbon nano tube is uniformly and dispersedly distributed in the metal melt, the whole process is simple, efficient and easy to control, and the method is suitable for popularization and application.
Example four
This embodiment is substantially the same as the previous embodiment, and is characterized in that:
in this embodiment, referring to fig. 2, a method for preparing a carbon nanotube reinforced metal matrix composite by mixing homogenous droplets, taking the preparation of a carbon nanotube reinforced Fe matrix composite as an example, includes the following steps:
(1) preparing spherical Fe metal powder by using a direct current arc method, observing the spherical Fe metal powder prepared by using the direct current arc method under an optical microscope, and selecting the spherical Fe metal powder with the sphericity meeting the requirement as an addition raw material; according to the addition amount of carbon nanotubes in the prepared carbon nanotube reinforced Fe-based composite material, putting spherical Fe metal powder and carbon nanotube powder in a certain ratio into a ball milling tank, mixing by a ball milling method, controlling the ball milling time for 5h, and forming local high-temperature and compressive stress effects on the powder surface by the spherical Fe metal powder and the carbon nanotube powder in the ball milling process to obtain spherical Fe metal powder with the carbon nanotubes bonded on the surface for later use;
(2) directly adding the spherical Fe metal powder with the carbon nano tubes bonded on the surface obtained in the step (1) into a Fe metal melt, and electromagnetically stirring the Fe metal melt in the process of adding the spherical Fe metal powder with the carbon nano tubes bonded on the surface to melt the spherical Fe metal powder at high temperature, wherein the carbon nano tubes are uniformly distributed in the Fe metal melt;
(3) and (3) after the metal melt dispersed with the spherical Fe metal powder in the step (2) is solidified, preparing the reinforced Fe metal matrix composite material with the carbon nano tubes uniformly distributed in the Fe metal matrix.
This example prepares a reinforced Fe metal matrix composite with carbon nanotubes uniformly distributed in the Fe metal matrix. The carbon nano tube is uniformly and dispersedly distributed in the metal melt, the whole process is simple, efficient and easy to control, and the method is suitable for popularization and application.
EXAMPLE five
This embodiment is substantially the same as the previous embodiment, and is characterized in that:
in this embodiment, referring to fig. 2, a method for preparing a carbon nanotube reinforced metal matrix composite material by mixing homogenous droplets, taking the preparation of a carbon nanotube reinforced Ni matrix composite material as an example, includes the following steps:
(1) preparing spherical Ni metal powder by using a direct current arc method, observing the spherical Ni metal powder prepared by using the direct current arc method under an optical microscope, and selecting the spherical Ni metal powder with the sphericity meeting the requirement as an addition raw material; according to the addition amount of carbon nanotubes in the prepared carbon nanotube reinforced Ni-based composite material, putting spherical Ni metal powder and carbon nanotube powder in a certain ratio into a ball milling tank, mixing by a ball milling method, controlling the ball milling time for 5h, and forming local high-temperature and compressive stress action on the powder surface by the spherical Ni metal powder and the carbon nanotube powder in the ball milling process to obtain the spherical Ni metal powder with the carbon nanotubes bonded on the surface for later use;
(2) directly adding the spherical Ni metal powder with the carbon nano tubes bonded on the surface obtained in the step (1) into a Ni metal melt, and in the process of adding the spherical Ni metal powder with the carbon nano tubes bonded on the surface, electromagnetically stirring the Ni metal melt to melt the spherical Ni metal powder at high temperature, wherein the carbon nano tubes are uniformly distributed in the Ni metal melt;
(3) and (3) after the metal melt dispersed with the spherical Ni metal powder in the step (2) is solidified, preparing the reinforced Ni metal matrix composite material with the carbon nano tubes uniformly distributed in the Ni metal matrix.
This example prepares a reinforced Ni metal matrix composite with carbon nanotubes uniformly distributed in a Ni metal matrix. The carbon nano tube is uniformly and dispersedly distributed in the metal melt, the whole process is simple, efficient and easy to control, and the method is suitable for popularization and application.
EXAMPLE six
This embodiment is substantially the same as the first embodiment, and is characterized in that:
in this embodiment, referring to fig. 2, a method for preparing a carbon nanotube reinforced metal matrix composite material by mixing a homogenous droplet with a carbon nanotube reinforced Ti matrix composite material includes the following steps:
(1) preparing spherical Ti metal powder by using a direct current arc method, observing the spherical Ti metal powder prepared by using the direct current arc method under an optical microscope, and selecting the spherical Ti metal powder with the sphericity meeting the requirement as an addition raw material; according to the addition amount of carbon nanotubes in the prepared carbon nanotube reinforced Ti-based composite material, putting a certain proportion of spherical Ti metal powder and carbon nanotube powder into a ball milling tank, mixing by a ball milling method, controlling the ball milling time for 5h, and forming local high temperature and compressive stress action on the powder surface by the spherical Ti metal powder and the carbon nanotube powder in the ball milling process to obtain spherical Ti metal powder with the carbon nanotubes bonded on the surface for later use;
(2) directly adding the spherical Ti metal powder with the carbon nano tubes bonded on the surface obtained in the step (1) into a Ti metal melt, and electromagnetically stirring the Ti metal melt in the process of adding the spherical Ti metal powder with the carbon nano tubes bonded on the surface to melt the spherical Ti metal powder at high temperature, wherein the carbon nano tubes are uniformly distributed in the Ti metal melt;
(3) and (3) after the metal melt dispersed with the spherical Ti metal powder in the step (2) is solidified, preparing the reinforced Ti metal matrix composite material with the carbon nano tubes uniformly distributed in the Ti metal matrix.
This example prepares a reinforced Ti metal matrix composite with carbon nanotubes uniformly distributed in a Ti metal matrix. The carbon nano tube is uniformly and dispersedly distributed in the metal melt, the whole process is simple, efficient and easy to control, and the method is suitable for popularization and application.
EXAMPLE seven
This embodiment is substantially the same as the previous embodiment, and is characterized in that:
in this embodiment, referring to fig. 2, a method for preparing a carbon nanotube reinforced metal matrix composite by mixing homogenous droplets, taking the preparation of a carbon nanotube reinforced Mg — Al matrix composite as an example, includes the following steps:
(1) preparing spherical Mg-Al alloy powder by using a direct current arc method, observing the spherical Mg-Al alloy powder prepared by using the direct current arc method under an optical microscope, and selecting the spherical Mg-Al alloy powder with the sphericity meeting the requirement as an addition raw material; according to the addition amount of carbon nanotubes in the prepared carbon nanotube reinforced Mg-Al-based composite material, putting spherical Mg-Al alloy powder and carbon nanotube powder in a certain ratio into a ball milling tank, mixing by a ball milling method, controlling the ball milling time for 5h, and forming local high-temperature and compressive stress action on the powder surface by the spherical Mg-Al alloy powder and the carbon nanotube powder in the ball milling process to obtain spherical Mg-Al alloy powder with the carbon nanotubes bonded on the surface for later use;
(2) directly adding the spherical Mg-Al alloy powder with the carbon nano tubes bonded on the surface obtained in the step (1) into the same Mg-Al alloy melt, and electromagnetically stirring the Mg-Al alloy melt in the process of adding the spherical Mg-Al alloy powder with the carbon nano tubes bonded on the surface to melt the spherical Mg-Al alloy powder at high temperature, wherein the carbon nano tubes are uniformly distributed in the Mg-Al alloy melt;
(3) and (3) after the metal melt dispersed with the spherical Mg-Al alloy powder in the step (2) is solidified, preparing the reinforced Mg-Al alloy matrix composite material with the carbon nano tubes uniformly distributed in the Mg-Al alloy matrix.
The embodiment prepares the reinforced Mg-Al alloy matrix composite material with the carbon nano tubes uniformly distributed in the Mg-Al alloy matrix, and can prepare the reinforced alloy matrix composite material with any metal of Mg, Al, Cu, Ni, Fe and Ti with the carbon nano tubes uniformly distributed. The carbon nano tube is uniformly and dispersedly distributed in the metal melt, the whole process is simple, efficient and easy to control, and the method is suitable for popularization and application.
While the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations or simplifications made according to the spirit and principles of the present invention should be made in an equivalent manner, so long as the objects of the present invention are met, and the present invention is within the scope of protection without departing from the technical principles and inventive concepts of the method for preparing the carbon nanotube reinforced metal matrix composite by mixing the homologous droplets of the present invention.
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