CN108754100A - A kind of high chrome heat treatment method for inhibiting martensite back to increase dislocation density - Google Patents
A kind of high chrome heat treatment method for inhibiting martensite back to increase dislocation density Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108754100A CN108754100A CN201810605008.9A CN201810605008A CN108754100A CN 108754100 A CN108754100 A CN 108754100A CN 201810605008 A CN201810605008 A CN 201810605008A CN 108754100 A CN108754100 A CN 108754100A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- dislocation density
- high chrome
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- under
- heat treatment
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/002—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/04—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering with simultaneous application of supersonic waves, magnetic or electric fields
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
- C21D1/773—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material under reduced pressure or vacuum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/04—Hardening by cooling below 0 degrees Celsius
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/008—Martensite
Abstract
The present invention relates to the high chrome heat treatment methods that a kind of inhibition martensite back increases dislocation density.Its technical solution is：By steel billet under the conditions of 1050~1250 DEG C 24~48h of soaking, be air-cooled to room temperature.10~20min of austenitizing under the conditions of 850~1000 DEG C, in cryosel quenching-in water.Then 10‑3To be heated to 650~750 DEG C under the conditions of 9~12T with the speed of 3~7 DEG C/min, 60~300min of isothermal is cooled to room temperature for Pa or less and magnetic field intensity.The chemical composition of steel billet is：C is 0.06~0.16wt%, and Cr is 8.5~12.5wt%, W<0.01wt%, S<0.01wt%, P<0.01wt%, remaining is Fe and inevitable impurity.The temperature of the brine ice is -3~-1 DEG C.Present invention process is simple, at low cost and with short production cycle；It can inhibit martensite back and improve tissue dislocation density, enhance the intensity and heat resistance of high chrome, the high chrome of preparation can meet the requirement of the steel such as precision bearing, precision gear, nuclear fusion and space flight.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to high martensitic chromium Heat-Treatment of Steel technical fields.More particularly to a kind of inhibition martensite back increases
The high chrome heat treatment method of dislocation density.
Background technology
(original austenite crystal prevention, lath/sub boundary, dislocation are precipitated the microscopic structure of most of novel 9~12wt%Cr steel
Phase) structure is substantially similar.High chrome is observed that the martensite lath tissue with high dislocation density after normalized treatment,
In drawing process, dislocation structure is replied, and lath structure is transformed into the subgrain tissue of extension, and lath is contained in primary austenite
Within crystal boundary, possess relatively high dislocation density, and the height of dislocation density depends on tempered condition.It is higher in order to obtain
Dislocation density, high martensitic chromium Heat-Treatment of Steel technique continuously improving.
Low-carbon high-chromium steel, mainly using Cr as main adding elements, with Mn, Co, Mo etc. for minor element, a kind of such as " shape
The patented technology of change strain induced martensite aged stainless steel and its processing technology " (CN101994066A) carries out multistep after first refining
Refine continuous casting roll forming.This kind of steel can obtain higher dislocation density, but alloying element content is higher, and cost is higher, due to
Addition element excessively also results in environmental issue.
The heat treatment process of high carbon and chromium martensitic stainless steel is mainly quenched tempering process.Part tempering process is
Multistep is tempered, and is cooled to room temperature after tempering every time.As " a kind of heat treatment of high carbon and chromium martensitic stainless steel precision component is quenched
The patented technology of ignition technique " (CN107723420A).Such technique is relatively complicated, and time-consuming longer, is unfavorable for producing in enormous quantities.
In drawing process, martensitic structure is refined by the way that constant pressure value is added, such as " high-chromium ferritic heat-resistant steel
The patented technology of austenitizing Light deformation lath martensite organizational controls method " (CN101608254A), can play inhibition geneva
The effect that body is replied, obtains the high chrome of higher intensity.But this technique is excessively complicated, and cost is higher.
From the above analysis it can be seen that：Existing to obtain the technique of high dislocation density martensite high chrome, it is multiple that there are techniques
The deficiency of miscellaneous, high expensive, production cycle length.
Invention content
The present invention is directed to overcome prior art defect, it is therefore an objective to provide a kind of simple for process, at low cost, with short production cycle
Martensite back can be inhibited to increase the high chrome heat treatment method of dislocation density.The high chrome intensity obtained with this method is high, resistance to
Hot good and strong applicability.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：By steel billet soaking under the conditions of 1050~1250 DEG C
24~48h is air-cooled to room temperature.10~20min of austenitizing under the conditions of 850~1000 DEG C, in cryosel quenching-in water.Then
It is 10 in vacuum degree-3~10-2Pa and magnetic field intensity with the speed of 3~7 DEG C/min are heated to 650~750 under the conditions of being 9~12T
DEG C, 60~300min of isothermal is cooled to room temperature.
The chemical composition of the steel billet is：C is 0.06~0.16wt%, and Cr is 8.5~12.5wt%, W<0.01wt%, S
<0.01wt%, P<0.01wt%, remaining is Fe and inevitable impurity.
The temperature of the brine ice is -3~-1 DEG C.
Due to using the technical solution, the present invention that there is following good effect compared with prior art：
The present invention will be air-cooled after steel billet soaking, then carries out austenitizing and in cryosel quenching-in water；Then in vacuum and by force
650~750 DEG C are heated under magnetic field condition, 60~300min of isothermal processes is cooled to room temperature.Therefore it is simple for process.Energy of the present invention
Preparation time is shortened to 1/4 or so or even a few houres of the prior art, therefore preparation time, production cycle can be greatly lowered
It is short and at low cost.
For the present invention in high-intensity magnetic field drawing process, the energy of high intensity is contactlessly acted on high chrome by magnetic field energy, is made
The transformation of high chrome is more uniformly distributed.Magnetic field inhibits martensite back, obtains uniform martensite and ferritic structure, and ferrite
Crystal grain is tiny, and is evenly distributed, and enhances the heat resistance of high chrome.
The widely distributed uniform formation of carbide dispersion is made in the present invention, which has very high dislocation density.Disperse
The carbide of distribution promotes tissue hardness larger, dislocation density gradient increase.When dislocation density gradient reaches a certain level,
Recrystallization nucleation will be generated in the low region of dislocation density, promote the precipitation of carbide.Further improve the strong of high chrome
Degree.
Therefore, present invention process is simple, at low cost and with short production cycle, can inhibit martensite back and improve tissue dislocation
Density, enhances the intensity and heat resistance of high chrome, prepared high chrome can meet precision bearing, precision gear, nuclear fusion and
The requirement of the steel such as space flight.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is some region of transmission electron microscope picture of high chrome made from a kind of heat treatment method of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the transmission electron microscope picture in another region of high chrome made from Fig. 1 the methods；
Fig. 3 is the partial enlargement transmission electron microscope picture of Fig. 1；
Fig. 4 is the partial enlargement transmission electron microscope picture of Fig. 2.
Specific implementation mode
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description, not to the scope of the present invention
Limitation.
Embodiment 1
A kind of high chrome heat treatment method for inhibiting martensite back to increase dislocation density.By steel billet in 1050~1120 DEG C
Under the conditions of 40~48h of soaking, be air-cooled to room temperature.16~20min of austenitizing under the conditions of 850~900 DEG C, in brine ice
Quenching.Then it is 10 in vacuum degree-3~10-2Pa and magnetic field intensity are heated under the conditions of being 11~12T with the speed of 3~5 DEG C/min
To 650~690 DEG C, 220~300min of isothermal is cooled to room temperature.
The chemical composition of the steel billet is：C is 0.06~0.10wt%, and Cr is 8.5~10.5wt%, W<0.01wt%, S
<0.01wt%, P<0.01wt%, remaining is Fe and inevitable impurity.
The temperature of the brine ice is -3~-1 DEG C.
High martensitic chromium steel dislocation density prepared by the present embodiment is 1.7~2.1 × 1015/m2。
Embodiment 2
A kind of high chrome heat treatment method for inhibiting martensite back to increase dislocation density.By steel billet in 1120~1180 DEG C
Under the conditions of 32~40h of soaking, be air-cooled to room temperature.13~16min of austenitizing under the conditions of 900~950 DEG C, in brine ice
Quenching.Then it is 10 in vacuum degree-3~10-2Pa and magnetic field intensity are heated under the conditions of being 10~11T with the speed of 4~6 DEG C/min
To 680~720 DEG C, 140~220min of isothermal is cooled to room temperature.
The chemical composition of the steel billet is：C is 0.09~0.13wt%, and Cr is 9.5~11.5wt%, W<0.01wt%, S
<0.01wt%, P<0.01wt%, remaining is Fe and inevitable impurity.
The temperature of the brine ice is -3~-1 DEG C.
High martensitic chromium steel dislocation density prepared by the present embodiment is 1.6~2.0 × 1015/m2。
Embodiment 3
A kind of high chrome heat treatment method for inhibiting martensite back to increase dislocation density.By steel billet in 1180~1250 DEG C
Under the conditions of 24~32h of soaking, be air-cooled to room temperature.10~13min of austenitizing under the conditions of 950~1000 DEG C, in brine ice
Middle quenching.Then it is 10 in vacuum degree-3~10-2Pa and magnetic field intensity are added under the conditions of being 9~10T with the speed of 5~7 DEG C/min
To 710~750 DEG C, 60~140min of isothermal is cooled to room temperature heat.
The chemical composition of the steel billet is：C is 0.12~0.16wt%, and Cr is 10.5~12.5wt%, W<0.01wt%,
S<0.01wt%, P<0.01wt%, remaining is Fe and inevitable impurity.
The temperature of the brine ice is -3~-1 DEG C.
High martensitic chromium steel dislocation density prepared by the present embodiment is 1.5~1.9 × 1015/m2。
Therefore, this technique can inhibit martensite back, improve tissue dislocation density, and made steel can preferably meet precision
The requirement of the steel such as bearing, precision gear, nuclear fusion and space flight.
Present embodiment has following good effect compared with prior art：
Present embodiment will be air-cooled after steel billet soaking, then carries out austenitizing and in cryosel quenching-in water；Then exist
650~750 DEG C are heated under the conditions of vacuum and high-intensity magnetic field, 60~300min of isothermal processes is cooled to room temperature.Therefore it is simple for process.
Preparation time can be shortened to 1/4 or so or even a few houres of the prior art by present embodiment, therefore instinct is greatly lowered
Preparation time, it is with short production cycle and at low cost.
For present embodiment in high-intensity magnetic field drawing process, the energy of high intensity is contactlessly acted on height by magnetic field energy
Chromium steel makes transformation such as Fig. 1 and Fig. 3 of high chrome, and Fig. 1 is a certain of high chrome made from a kind of heat treatment method of embodiment 1
The transmission electron microscope picture in region；Fig. 3 is the partial enlargement transmission electron microscope picture of Fig. 1.It can be seen that in tissue from Fig. 1 and Fig. 3 and uniformly divide
Cloth lath martensite, the reply of martensite are inhibited.Uniform martensite and ferritic structure are obtained, and ferrite is brilliant
Grain is tiny, enhances the heat resistance of high chrome.
The widely distributed uniform formation of carbide dispersion is made in present embodiment, which has very high dislocation close
Degree, as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 4.Fig. 2 is the transmission electron microscope picture in another region of high chrome made from Fig. 1 the methods；Fig. 4 is Fig. 2
Partial enlargement transmission electron microscope picture.Can be seen that in tissue from Fig. 2 and Fig. 4 has a large amount of dislocation line aggregation and a large amount of disperse
Carbide precipitate.The carbide of Dispersed precipitate promotes tissue hardness larger, dislocation density gradient increase.When dislocation density gradient
When reaching a certain level, Recrystallization nucleation will be generated in the low region of dislocation density, promote the precipitation of carbide.Further carry
The high intensity of steel.
Therefore, present embodiment is simple for process, at low cost and with short production cycle, can inhibit martensite back and raising
Tissue dislocation density, enhances the intensity and heat resistance of high chrome, prepared high chrome can meet precision bearing, precision gear,
The requirement of the steel such as nuclear fusion and space flight.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of high chrome heat treatment method for inhibiting martensite back to increase dislocation density, it is characterised in that：By steel billet in
24~48h of soaking, is air-cooled to room temperature under the conditions of 1050~1250 DEG C；Under the conditions of 850~1000 DEG C austenitizing 10~
20min, in cryosel quenching-in water；Then it is 10 in vacuum degree-3~10-2Pa and magnetic field intensity be 9~12T under the conditions of with 3~7
DEG C/speed of min is heated to 650~750 DEG C, 60~300min of isothermal is cooled to room temperature；
The chemical composition of the steel billet is：C is 0.06~0.16wt%, and Cr is 8.5~12.5wt%, W<0.01wt%, S<
0.01wt%, P<0.01wt%, remaining is Fe and inevitable impurity.
2. martensite back is inhibited to increase the high chrome heat treatment method of dislocation density according to claim 1, feature exists
In the brine ice temperature be -3~-1 DEG C.
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN85106726A (en) * | 1985-09-04 | 1987-03-25 | 河北工学院 | The moderate magnetic field intensity magnetic field thermal treatment process of steel |
| CN101994066A (en) * | 2009-08-27 | 2011-03-30 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Deformation induced maraging stainless steel and machining process thereof |
| CN103305663A (en) * | 2013-05-30 | 2013-09-18 | 天津大学 | Martensite lath tissue refining method under effect of strong magnetic field of heat-resistant steel of 9-12% Cr system |
| CN106119726A (en) * | 2016-08-11 | 2016-11-16 | 宁波市鄞州亚大汽车管件有限公司 | A kind of preparation method withholding casing joint |
| CN106687607A (en) * | 2014-09-22 | 2017-05-17 | 麦格纳国际公司 | Method for producing a structural component including a thermomagnetic tempering process yielding localized soft zones |
| CN107723420A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-02-23 | 湖北工程职业学院 | A kind of heat treatment quenching process of high carbon and chromium martensitic stainless steel precision component |
-
2018
- 2018-06-13 CN CN201810605008.9A patent/CN108754100A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN85106726A (en) * | 1985-09-04 | 1987-03-25 | 河北工学院 | The moderate magnetic field intensity magnetic field thermal treatment process of steel |
| CN101994066A (en) * | 2009-08-27 | 2011-03-30 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Deformation induced maraging stainless steel and machining process thereof |
| CN103305663A (en) * | 2013-05-30 | 2013-09-18 | 天津大学 | Martensite lath tissue refining method under effect of strong magnetic field of heat-resistant steel of 9-12% Cr system |
| CN106687607A (en) * | 2014-09-22 | 2017-05-17 | 麦格纳国际公司 | Method for producing a structural component including a thermomagnetic tempering process yielding localized soft zones |
| CN106119726A (en) * | 2016-08-11 | 2016-11-16 | 宁波市鄞州亚大汽车管件有限公司 | A kind of preparation method withholding casing joint |
| CN107723420A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-02-23 | 湖北工程职业学院 | A kind of heat treatment quenching process of high carbon and chromium martensitic stainless steel precision component |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 何朋臣等: "《电力工程常用材料 第2版》", 31 October 2004, 中国电力出版社 * |
| 夏志新等: "强磁场对低活化钢中析出行为和力学性能的影响", 《金属学报》 * |
| 黑龙江省农业机械修理研究所: "《拖拉机零件修理技术》", 31 August 1982, 黑龙江人民出版社 * |
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