CN108752813B - Polydopamine/ionic liquid/plant fiber blend membrane and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a polydopamine/ionic liquid/plant fiber blend membrane and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the field of polymer modification. The polydopamine/ionic liquid/plant fiber blend membrane is prepared by firstly preparing polydopamine powder and plant fibers with a certain mesh number, then blending the polydopamine powder and polyvinylidene fluoride powder in ionic liquid dissolved with the plant fibers, and obtaining the polydopamine/ionic liquid/plant fiber blend membrane by using an immersion precipitation phase inversion method. The polydopamine/ionic liquid/plant fiber blend membrane is green and environment-friendly in material, simple in process, easy to operate, low in equipment requirement and easy to implement industrially, has good hydrophilic and mechanical properties, and greatly improves the permeability of the membrane.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of polymer modification, and particularly relates to a polydopamine/ionic liquid/plant fiber blend membrane and a preparation method thereof.
Background
There are many hydrophilization modification methods for polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes, and physical blending modification is one of the important methods. At present, the physical blending modification is mainly divided into two types: one is blending inorganic hydrophilic particles with PVDF and the other is blending organic hydrophilic macromolecules with PVDF. Wherein the blending modification effect of the organic hydrophilic macromolecule and PVDF is obvious, the modifier is not easy to escape, and the attention is paid to widely. The plant fiber contains rich hydrophilic hydroxyl groups, is wide in source, easy to obtain and cheap, and has a wide prospect for modification of the PVDF membrane. But the plant fiber has poor solubility and weak compatibility with PVDF due to the action of hydrogen bonds of the plant fiber. The cellulose dissolved by a solvent method is easy to cause pollution, the ionic liquid can open intermolecular and intramolecular hydrogen bonds of the plant fiber, the fiber dissolving performance is good, the ionic liquid is not easy to volatilize, the pollution is small, the ionic liquid is easy to recycle, and the ionic liquid is increasingly paid attention to.
On the other hand, increasing the compatibility between the macromolecule and PVDF using a compatibilizer is an effective method. Research shows that the polydopamine structure contains rich hydroxyl groups and can react with plant fibers through hydrogen bonds, the macromolecular structure of the polydopamine and the strong adhesion performance to solids enable the polydopamine to have strong interaction with polyvinylidene fluoride, and the interaction between the plant fibers and the PVDF macromolecules can be indirectly increased through the hydrogen bond reaction between polydopamine molecules, so that the compatibility of the polydopamine and the PVDF macromolecules is improved. In addition, polydopamine has no pollution to the environment.
Based on the method, polydopamine and plant fibers with a certain mesh number are prepared firstly, then polydopamine/polyvinylidene fluoride solution is blended in ionic liquid dissolved with the plant fibers, and the obtained uniform membrane casting solution is subjected to immersion precipitation phase conversion to prepare the polydopamine/ionic liquid/plant fiber blended membrane. The method is a very simple modification method, does not need expensive instruments, not only increases the utilization rate of waste natural resources, but also has no pollution to the environment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a polydopamine/ionic liquid/plant fiber blend membrane and a preparation method thereof, the polydopamine/ionic liquid/plant fiber blend membrane has the advantages of simple process, easy operation, low equipment requirement and easy industrial implementation, and the obtained polydopamine/ionic liquid/plant fiber blend membrane has good hydrophilic and mechanical properties and is harmless to human bodies.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a polydopamine/ionic liquid/plant fiber blend membrane is prepared by preparing polydopamine powder and plant fibers with a certain mesh number, then blending the polydopamine powder and polyvinylidene fluoride powder in ionic liquid dissolved with the plant fibers, and obtaining the polydopamine/ionic liquid/plant fiber blend membrane by using an immersion precipitation phase inversion method.
The plant fiber comprises palm fiber, bamboo fiber, hemp fiber, cotton fiber and the like.
The ionic liquid comprises any one of 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazole chloride salt, 1-octyl-3-methylimidazole chloride salt and 1-hydroxyethyl-3-methylimidazole tetrafluoroborate.
The preparation method of the polydopamine/ionic liquid/plant fiber blend membrane comprises the following steps:
1) preparation of polydopamine powder
Adding 2-10 mg/L dopamine hydrochloride solution into 10mM Tris solution, fixing the volume to 200-400 m L by using the Tris solution, stirring for 24 h at room temperature, centrifuging, filtering, washing with water, freeze-drying, and vacuum-drying to obtain polydopamine powder;
2) preparation of ionic liquid with dissolved plant fiber
Cutting pulp board to 1 × 1 cm2The small blocks are put into secondary water, stirred and washed for 0.5h at normal temperature, filtered to remove impurities, dried for 24 h in a constant-temperature drying oven at 60 ℃, and then put into a stirrer to be crushed until the small blocks are sieved by a 400-mesh sieve, so as to obtain plant fibers; adding the obtained plant fiber into a flask filled with ionic liquid, and stirring for 4-6 h at 60-65 ℃ to obtain ionic liquid dissolved with the plant fiber;
3) preparation of polydopamine/ionic liquid/plant fiber blend membrane
Mixing polyvinylidene fluoride powder, a pore-forming agent polyvinylpyrrolidone and a solvent dimethylformamide, stirring uniformly at 70-75 ℃, cooling to below 20 ℃, adding a certain amount of polydopamine powder and ionic liquid dissolved with plant fibers, defoaming, scraping a film at room temperature, and airing to obtain the polydopamine/ionic liquid/plant fiber blend film.
The mass ratio of the ionic liquid to the plant fibers in the step 2) is 60:1-10: 1.
The mass ratio of the plant fiber to the polydopamine powder in the step 3) is 4:1-4: 3; the mass ratio of the polyvinylidene fluoride powder to the polydopamine powder is 20:1-10: 1; the mass ratio of the polyvinylidene fluoride powder to the polyvinylpyrrolidone is 2:1-1.5: 1; the total dosage of the polyvinylidene fluoride powder and the polyvinylpyrrolidone accounts for 10-20% of the mass of the dimethylformamide.
Compared with the prior art, the ionic liquid/plant fiber modified polyvinylidene fluoride blended membrane has the advantages that the ionic liquid is innovatively used for dissolving the plant fibers to reduce the size of the fibers, the polydopamine is used for increasing the compatibility of the plant fibers and polyvinylidene fluoride, the ionic liquid/plant fiber modified polyvinylidene fluoride blended membrane is prepared, the blended membrane has good hydrophilic and anti-pollution performances and excellent mechanical properties, the process is simple, the operation is easy, the requirement on equipment is low, the industrial implementation is easy, the ionic liquid can be recycled, and the utilization rate of natural resources can be increased.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a scanning electron microscope image of a plant fiber membrane prepared without blending modification with polydopamine and ionic liquid;
FIG. 2 is a scanning electron microscope image of the polydopamine/ionic liquid/plant fiber blend film prepared in example 1;
FIG. 3 is a scanning electron microscope image of the polydopamine/ionic liquid/plant fiber blend film prepared in example 2;
fig. 4 is a scanning electron microscope image of the polydopamine/ionic liquid/plant fiber blend film prepared in example 3.
Detailed Description
In order to make the present invention more comprehensible, the technical solutions of the present invention are further described below with reference to specific embodiments, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Example 1
1) Adding 2 mg/L dopamine hydrochloride solution into 10mM Tris solution, fixing the volume to 200 m L with Tris solution, stirring at room temperature for 24 h, centrifuging, filtering, washing with water, lyophilizing, and vacuum drying to obtain polydopamine powder;
2) the ionic liquid dissolved with plant fiber is prepared by cutting pulp board into pieces of 1 × 1 cm2The small blocks are put into secondary water, stirred and washed for 0.5h at normal temperature, filtered to remove impurities, dried for 24 h in a constant-temperature drying oven at 60 ℃, and then put into a stirrer to be crushed until the small blocks are sieved by a 400-mesh sieve, so as to obtain plant fibers; then adding 0.2 g of the obtained plant fiber into a flask filled with 4g of ionic liquid 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazole chloride salt, and stirring for 4 hours at 60 ℃ to obtain ionic liquid dissolved with the plant fiber;
3) preparing a polydopamine/ionic liquid/plant fiber blend membrane: mixing 0.85 g of polyvinylidene fluoride powder, 0.5 g of pore-forming agent polyvinylpyrrolidone and 13.5 g of dimethylformamide, stirring uniformly at 70-75 ℃, cooling to below 20 ℃, adding 0.05 g of polydopamine powder and 3g of ionic liquid dissolved with plant fibers, defoaming, scraping a film at room temperature, and airing to obtain the polydopamine/ionic liquid/plant fiber blended film, wherein a scanning electron microscope picture of the polydopamine/ionic liquid/plant fiber blended film is shown in figure 2.
Through detection, the contact angle of the un-blended and modified PVDF raw membrane and water reaches 105 degrees, the contact angle of the polydopamine/ionic liquid/plant fiber blended membrane and water in the embodiment is reduced to 45 degrees, and the contact angle is rapidly reduced along with the contact time and is only 7 degrees when the contact angle reaches 20 seconds. The mechanical properties of the plant fiber membrane which is not blended and modified with polydopamine and ionic liquid and the polydopamine/ionic liquid/plant fiber blended membrane are measured by a universal material testing machine, and the result shows that the elastic modulus of the modified plant fiber blended membrane is improved by 22 percent, and the tensile strength is improved by 27 percent (the elastic modulus of the unmodified plant fiber membrane is 459.85 MPa, and the tensile strength is 23.81 MPa).
Example 2
1) Adding 2 mg/L dopamine hydrochloride solution into 10mM Tris solution, fixing the volume to 200 m L with Tris solution, stirring at room temperature for 24 h, centrifuging, filtering, washing with water, lyophilizing, and vacuum drying to obtain polydopamine powder;
2) the ionic liquid dissolved with plant fiber is prepared by cutting pulp board into pieces of 1 × 1 cm2Is smallPutting the blocks into secondary water, stirring and cleaning for 0.5h at normal temperature, filtering to remove impurities, drying for 24 h in a constant-temperature drying oven at 60 ℃, then putting the blocks into a stirrer to be crushed until the blocks are sieved by a 400-mesh sieve, and obtaining plant fibers; then adding 0.4 g of the obtained plant fiber into a flask filled with 4g of ionic liquid 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazole chloride salt, and stirring for 4 hours at 60 ℃ to obtain ionic liquid dissolved with the plant fiber;
3) preparing a polydopamine/ionic liquid/plant fiber blend membrane: mixing 1.7g of polyvinylidene fluoride powder, 1 g of pore-forming agent polyvinylpyrrolidone and 13.5 g of dimethylformamide, stirring uniformly at 70-75 ℃, cooling to below 20 ℃, adding 0.1 g of polydopamine powder and 3g of ionic liquid dissolved with plant fibers, defoaming, scraping a film at room temperature, and airing to obtain the polydopamine/ionic liquid/plant fiber blended film, wherein a scanning electron microscope picture of the polydopamine/ionic liquid/plant fiber blended film is shown in figure 3.
Through detection, the contact angle of the un-blended and modified PVDF raw membrane and water reaches 105 degrees, the contact angle of the polydopamine/ionic liquid/plant fiber blended membrane and water in the embodiment is reduced to 40 degrees, and the contact angle is rapidly reduced along with the contact time and is only 7 degrees when the contact angle reaches 15 seconds. The mechanical properties of the plant fiber membrane which is not blended and modified with polydopamine and ionic liquid and the polydopamine/ionic liquid/plant fiber blended membrane are measured by a universal material testing machine, and the result shows that the elastic modulus of the modified plant fiber blended membrane is improved by 25 percent, and the tensile strength is improved by 28 percent (the elastic modulus of the unmodified plant fiber membrane is 459.85 MPa, and the tensile strength is 23.81 MPa).
Example 3
1) Adding 2 mg/L dopamine hydrochloride solution into 10mM Tris solution, fixing the volume to 200 m L with Tris solution, stirring at room temperature for 24 h, centrifuging, filtering, washing with water, lyophilizing, and vacuum drying to obtain polydopamine powder;
2) the ionic liquid dissolved with plant fiber is prepared by cutting pulp board into pieces of 1 × 1 cm2The small blocks are put into secondary water, stirred and washed for 0.5h at normal temperature, filtered to remove impurities, dried for 24 h in a constant-temperature drying oven at 60 ℃, and then put into a stirrer to be crushed until the small blocks are sieved by a 400-mesh sieve, so as to obtain plant fibers; adding 0.2 g of the obtained plant fiber into the container7g of ionic liquid 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazole chloride salt in a flask, and stirring for 4 hours at 60 ℃ to obtain ionic liquid dissolved with plant fibers;
3) preparing a polydopamine/ionic liquid/plant fiber blend membrane: mixing 1.7g of polyvinylidene fluoride powder, 1 g of pore-forming agent polyvinylpyrrolidone and 14 g of dimethylformamide, stirring uniformly at 70-75 ℃, cooling to below 20 ℃, adding 0.1 g of polydopamine powder and 4g of ionic liquid dissolved with plant fibers, defoaming, scraping a film at room temperature, and airing to obtain the polydopamine/ionic liquid/plant fiber blended film, wherein a scanning electron microscope picture of the polydopamine/ionic liquid/plant fiber blended film is shown in figure 4.
Through detection, the contact angle of the un-blended and modified PVDF raw membrane and water reaches 105 degrees, the contact angle of the polydopamine/ionic liquid/plant fiber blended membrane and water in the embodiment is reduced to 38 degrees, and the contact angle is rapidly reduced along with the contact time and is only 5 degrees when the contact angle reaches 10 seconds. The mechanical properties of the plant fiber membrane which is not blended and modified with polydopamine and ionic liquid and the polydopamine/ionic liquid/plant fiber blended membrane are measured by a universal material testing machine, and the result shows that the elastic modulus of the modified plant fiber blended membrane is improved by 27 percent, and the tensile strength is improved by 29 percent (the elastic modulus of the unmodified plant fiber membrane is 459.85 MPa, and the tensile strength is 23.81 MPa).
Example 4
1) Adding 2 mg/L dopamine hydrochloride solution into 10mM Tris solution, fixing the volume to 200 m L with Tris solution, stirring at room temperature for 24 h, centrifuging, filtering, washing with water, lyophilizing, and vacuum drying to obtain polydopamine powder;
2) the ionic liquid dissolved with plant fiber is prepared by cutting pulp board into pieces of 1 × 1 cm2The small blocks are put into secondary water, stirred and washed for 0.5h at normal temperature, filtered to remove impurities, dried for 24 h in a constant-temperature drying oven at 60 ℃, and then put into a stirrer to be crushed until the small blocks are sieved by a 400-mesh sieve, so as to obtain plant fibers; then adding 0.2 g of the obtained plant fiber into a flask filled with 7g of ionic liquid 1-octyl-3-methylimidazole chloride salt, and stirring for 4 hours at 60 ℃ to obtain ionic liquid dissolved with the plant fiber;
3) preparing a polydopamine/ionic liquid/plant fiber blend membrane: mixing 1.65 g of polyvinylidene fluoride powder, 1.0 g of pore-forming agent polyvinylpyrrolidone and 13.25 g of dimethylformamide, stirring uniformly at 70-75 ℃, cooling to below 20 ℃, adding 0.15 g of polydopamine powder and 6g of ionic liquid dissolved with plant fibers, defoaming, scraping a film at room temperature, and airing to obtain the polydopamine/ionic liquid/plant fiber blend film.
Through detection, the contact angle of the un-blended and modified PVDF raw membrane and water reaches 105 degrees, the contact angle of the polydopamine/ionic liquid/plant fiber blended membrane and water in the embodiment is reduced to 35 degrees, and the contact angle is rapidly reduced along with the contact time and is only 5 degrees when the contact angle reaches 8 seconds. The mechanical properties of the plant fiber membrane which is not blended and modified with polydopamine and ionic liquid and the polydopamine/ionic liquid/plant fiber blended membrane are measured by a universal material testing machine, and the result shows that the elastic modulus of the modified plant fiber blended membrane is improved by 25 percent, and the tensile strength is improved by 27 percent (the elastic modulus of the unmodified plant fiber membrane is 459.85 MPa, and the tensile strength is 23.81 MPa).
Example 5
1) Adding 2 mg/L dopamine hydrochloride solution into 10mM Tris solution, fixing the volume to 200 m L with Tris solution, stirring at room temperature for 24 h, centrifuging, filtering, washing with water, lyophilizing, and vacuum drying to obtain polydopamine powder;
2) the ionic liquid dissolved with plant fiber is prepared by cutting pulp board into pieces of 1 × 1 cm2The small blocks are put into secondary water, stirred and washed for 0.5h at normal temperature, filtered to remove impurities, dried for 24 h in a constant-temperature drying oven at 60 ℃, and then put into a stirrer to be crushed until the small blocks are sieved by a 400-mesh sieve, so as to obtain plant fibers; then adding 0.2 g of the obtained plant fiber into a flask filled with 8 g of ionic liquid 1-octyl-3-methylimidazole chloride salt, and stirring for 4 hours at 60 ℃ to obtain ionic liquid dissolved with the plant fiber;
3) preparing a polydopamine/ionic liquid/plant fiber blend membrane: mixing 1.65 g of polyvinylidene fluoride powder, 1.0 g of pore-forming agent polyvinylpyrrolidone and 15 g of dimethylformamide, stirring uniformly at 70-75 ℃, cooling to below 20 ℃, adding 0.15 g of polydopamine powder and 7g of ionic liquid dissolved with plant fibers, defoaming, scraping a film at room temperature, and airing to obtain the polydopamine/ionic liquid/plant fiber blend film.
Through detection, the contact angle of the un-blended and modified PVDF raw membrane and water reaches 105 degrees, the contact angle of the polydopamine/ionic liquid/plant fiber blended membrane and water in the embodiment is reduced to 38 degrees, and the contact angle is rapidly reduced along with the contact time and is only 10 degrees when reaching 20 seconds. The mechanical properties of the plant fiber membrane which is not blended and modified with polydopamine and ionic liquid and the polydopamine/ionic liquid/plant fiber blended membrane are measured by a universal material testing machine, and the result shows that the elastic modulus of the modified plant fiber blended membrane is improved by 32 percent, and the tensile strength is improved by 34 percent (the elastic modulus of the unmodified plant fiber membrane is 459.85 MPa, and the tensile strength is 23.81 MPa).
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the claims of the present invention should be covered by the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A preparation method of polydopamine/ionic liquid/plant fiber blend membrane is characterized by comprising the following steps: preparing polydopamine powder and plant fibers with a certain mesh number, blending the polydopamine powder and polyvinylidene fluoride powder in ionic liquid dissolved with the plant fibers, and obtaining the polydopamine/ionic liquid/plant fiber blending membrane by using an immersion precipitation phase inversion method; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
1) preparation of polydopamine powder
Adding 2-10 mg/L dopamine hydrochloride solution into 10mM Tris solution, fixing the volume to 200-400 m L by using the Tris solution, stirring for 24 h at room temperature, centrifuging, filtering, washing with water, freeze-drying, and vacuum-drying to obtain polydopamine powder;
2) preparation of ionic liquid with dissolved plant fiber
Cutting pulp board to 1 × 1 cm2The small blocks are put into secondary water, stirred and washed for 0.5h at normal temperature, filtered to remove impurities, dried for 24 h in a constant-temperature drying oven at 60 ℃, and then put into a stirrer to be crushed until the small blocks are sieved by a 400-mesh sieve, so as to obtain plant fibers; adding the obtained plant fiber into ionic liquid, stirring at 60-65 deg.C for 4-6 hr to obtain dissolved plant fiberAn ionic liquid of vitamin;
3) preparation of polydopamine/ionic liquid/plant fiber blend membrane
Mixing polyvinylidene fluoride powder, a pore-forming agent polyvinylpyrrolidone and a solvent dimethylformamide, stirring uniformly at 70-75 ℃, cooling to below 20 ℃, adding a certain amount of polydopamine powder and ionic liquid dissolved with plant fibers, defoaming, scraping a film at room temperature, and airing to obtain the polydopamine/ionic liquid/plant fiber blend film.
2. The method for preparing polydopamine/ionic liquid/plant fiber blend membrane according to claim 1, characterized in that: the plant fiber comprises palm fiber, bamboo fiber, hemp fiber and cotton fiber.
3. The method for preparing polydopamine/ionic liquid/plant fiber blend membrane according to claim 1, characterized in that: the ionic liquid comprises any one of 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazole chloride salt, 1-octyl-3-methylimidazole chloride salt and 1-hydroxyethyl-3-methylimidazole tetrafluoroborate.
4. The method for preparing polydopamine/ionic liquid/plant fiber blend membrane according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mass ratio of the ionic liquid to the plant fibers in the step 2) is 60:1-10: 1.
5. The method for preparing polydopamine/ionic liquid/plant fiber blend membrane according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mass ratio of the plant fiber to the polydopamine powder in the step 3) is 4:1-4: 3;
the mass ratio of the polyvinylidene fluoride powder to the polydopamine powder is 20:1-10: 1;
the mass ratio of the polyvinylidene fluoride powder to the polyvinylpyrrolidone is 2:1-1.5: 1;
the total dosage of the polyvinylidene fluoride powder and the polyvinylpyrrolidone accounts for 10-20% of the mass of the dimethylformamide.
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| CN107486037A (en) * | 2017-09-15 | 2017-12-19 | 福州大学 | A kind of PVDF/PDA composite membranes with super hydrophilicity |
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| EP2545985A1 (en) * | 2011-07-15 | 2013-01-16 | Gambro Lundia AB | Composite membrane |
| CN107486037A (en) * | 2017-09-15 | 2017-12-19 | 福州大学 | A kind of PVDF/PDA composite membranes with super hydrophilicity |
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