CN108750924B - Mechanical automatic lifting hook - Google Patents

Mechanical automatic lifting hook Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108750924B
CN108750924B CN201810607299.5A CN201810607299A CN108750924B CN 108750924 B CN108750924 B CN 108750924B CN 201810607299 A CN201810607299 A CN 201810607299A CN 108750924 B CN108750924 B CN 108750924B
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China
Prior art keywords
displacement
lifting hook
hook
slide block
push rod
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CN201810607299.5A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN108750924A (en
Inventor
唐建敏
刘羽
游帆
张希
陈壮颖
夏浩杰
成毛虎
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Changzhou Institute of Technology
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Changzhou Institute of Technology
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66CCRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C1/00Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
    • B66C1/10Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means
    • B66C1/22Rigid members, e.g. L-shaped members, with parts engaging the under surface of the loads; Crane hooks
    • B66C1/34Crane hooks
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66CCRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C1/00Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
    • B66C1/10Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means
    • B66C1/62Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means comprising article-engaging members of a shape complementary to that of the articles to be handled

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a mechanical automatic lifting hook, which comprises a lifting hook base body, a two-state cam displacement mechanism, a displacement sleeve and a hook, wherein the lifting hook can generate ascending or descending motion, the two-state cam displacement mechanism is arranged on the lifting hook base body, the displacement sleeve is arranged at the bottom end of the lifting hook base body, an object to be lifted provides displacement power for the two-state cam displacement mechanism by pushing the displacement sleeve, the displacement sleeve is simultaneously linked with the two-state cam displacement mechanism, the upper end of the hook is hinged on the lifting hook base body, the lower end of the hook is used for hooking the object to be lifted, and the middle part of the hook is hinged with the side wall of the displacement sleeve through a. The mechanical automatic lifting hook has simple structure and high reliability, can finish automatic hooking and unhooking actions in the movement process of the lifting hook without hydraulic, pneumatic or electric driving, is used for a driving automatic garage and a transporting parking platform, and realizes automatic parking. The automatic hook can also be applied to other hoisting operations to realize automatic hooking and unhooking.

Description

Mechanical automatic lifting hook
Technical Field
The invention relates to a mechanical lifting hook, in particular to a lifting equipment accessory capable of automatically hooking and unhooking.
Background
Hoisting is an important process in the links of construction, production and maintenance. When developing a driving type automatic garage, an automatic hooking and unhooking device is needed for transferring and transporting a parking platform.
The existing automatic hooking and unhooking devices are mostly hydraulic, pneumatic and electric remote control type lifting hooks, and a reliable and efficient mechanical automatic lifting hook without external power is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The reliable and efficient mechanical automatic lifting hook provided by the invention can complete automatic hooking and unhooking actions in the movement process of the lifting hook without hydraulic, pneumatic or electric driving, and is used for a driving automatic garage, a transportation parking platform and an automatic parking. The automatic hook can also be applied to other hoisting operations to realize automatic hooking and unhooking.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides an automatic lifting hook of mechanical type, includes lifting hook base member, two state cam displacement mechanism, the sleeve that shifts, couple, the lifting hook can produce and rise or descend the action, two state cam displacement mechanism sets up on the lifting hook base member, the sleeve that shifts sets up in the bottom of lifting hook base member, treats that the thing of hanging shifts and provides the power that shifts for two state cam displacement mechanism through promoting the sleeve that shifts, shift the sleeve simultaneously with two state cam displacement mechanism linkage, the upper end of couple articulates on the lifting hook base member, and the lower extreme is used for the hook to wait to hang the thing, and the middle part of couple is articulated with the telescopic lateral wall that shifts through rather than the articulated pull rod that shifts.
As a further improvement of the invention, the two-state cam displacement mechanism comprises a displacement cylinder body, a displacement push rod and a rotating slide block, wherein the displacement cylinder body and the rotating slide block form a pair of axial cam pairs, the displacement push rod is installed at the bottom of the displacement cylinder body, the rotating slide block is arranged on the displacement push rod, a cavity is formed in the upper portion of the rotating slide block, a displacement driving spring is accommodated in the cavity, the upper end of the displacement driving spring abuts against a connecting shaft, the connecting shaft transmits the position change of the rotating slide block to a displacement sleeve, and the displacement sleeve ascends or descends along with the position change of the rotating slide block.
As a further improvement of the invention, 2n of sawteeth with inclination are carved on the deflection cylinder body, straight grooves are carved downwards along the sawteeth, the straight grooves comprise n deep grooves with full depth and n shallow grooves with half depth, and the deep grooves and the shallow grooves are distributed at intervals; the lower part of the rotating slide block is provided with n slide blocks which are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction, the interval distance is the same as the distance between adjacent deep grooves or adjacent shallow grooves, the height of each slide block is not less than the depth of each deep groove, and a wedge block is formed after the bottom end of each slide block is obliquely cut and is matched with a triangular tooth surface on the deflection cylinder body; the deflection push rod is used for pushing the rotary sliding block, 2n triangular teeth are carved on the top of the deflection push rod, and the deflection push rod moves up and down in the shallow groove all the time.
As a further improvement of the invention, the sawteeth on the deflection cylinder body are right-angled triangular sawteeth with an inclination angle of 45 degrees; the beveling angle of the bottom end of the rotating slide block is 45 degrees; the triangular teeth at the top of the deflection push rod are isosceles triangular teeth with an included angle of 120 degrees.
As a further improvement of the invention, the vertex angle of the triangle of the deflection push rod is coincided with the central line of the slide block.
As a further improvement of the invention, the number of the sawteeth on the deflection cylinder body is 8, the number of the deep grooves is 4, and the number of the shallow grooves is 4; the number of the sliding blocks on the rotating sliding block is 4; the number of the triangular teeth on the deflection push rod is 8.
As a further improvement of the invention, the lower ends of the hooks are bent inwards to form a petal-shaped structure, and when a heavy object is lifted, the hooks act on the object to be lifted together to generate a centripetal torque to hold the object to be lifted tightly.
As a further improvement of the invention, the object to be hung is a mushroom head hanging rod.
As a further improvement of the invention, the lower end of the mushroom head suspender is connected with the parking plate.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the mechanical automatic lifting hook is simple in structure and high in reliability, and does not need external additional power drive. In some occasions, the lifting hook can replace a hydraulic, pneumatic or electric automatic lifting hook.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the mechanical automatic hook of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the indexing cylinder.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the shift push rod.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the rotary slider.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of an automatic hook assembly.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the shifted position of the two-shift cam mechanism.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the second position of the two-shift cam mechanism.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the three displacement positions of the two displacement cam mechanism.
Fig. 9 is a diagram showing the four displacement positions of the two displacement cam mechanism.
Fig. 10 is a schematic view of the five shift positions of the two shift cam mechanism.
Fig. 11 is a six-schematic view of the shifted positions of the two-shift cam mechanism.
Fig. 12 is a schematic view of the shifted position seven of the two-shift cam mechanism.
Fig. 13 is an eight schematic view of the shifted positions of the two-shift cam mechanism.
Fig. 14 is a force analysis diagram of the lifting hook lifting a heavy object.
Fig. 15 is a schematic view of the present invention applied to a driving type automatic parking scene.
Fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of the present invention applied to an intelligent goods yard scenario.
Fig. 17 is a schematic view of the present invention applied to a smart crane scenario.
The labels in the figure are: 1-a hook body; 2-pin; 3-rotating the slide block; 4-a deflection cylinder body; 5-deflection drive spring; 6-a deflection push rod; 7-a return spring; 8-a position-changing pull rod; 9-a deflection sleeve; 10-a connecting shaft; 11-a buffer adjustment pad; 12-petal type hook; 13-mushroom head boom.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
One-piece and integral technical scheme
The mechanical automatic lifting hook (shown in figure 1) of the invention. The lifting hook drives the parking plate to move by grabbing the mushroom head suspender. The lifting hook is composed of a mushroom head hanging rod 13, petal type hooks 12 (the number n is more than or equal to 3) and a two-state displacement cam mechanism. The two-state displacement cam mechanism consists of a buffer adjusting pad 11, a connecting shaft 10, a displacement sleeve 9, a displacement pull rod 8, a return spring 7, a displacement push rod 6, a displacement driving spring 5, a displacement cylinder body 4, a rotary slide block 3, a pin 2 and a lifting hook base body 1.
The shift cylinder 4 and the rotary slide block 3 form a pair of axial cam pairs.
The structure of the deflection cylinder body 4 is shown in fig. 2, 8 right-angled triangular sawteeth with 45-degree inclination are carved on the deflection cylinder body, 8 straight grooves are carved on the bottom of the sawteeth, and 4 full-depth deep grooves and 4 half-depth shallow grooves are distributed at intervals. Thus, two deep grooves are formed, including two saw teeth and a shallow groove.
The structure of the rotating slide block 3 is shown in figure 3, the lower part of the rotating slide block is embedded with 4 slide blocks which are evenly distributed at intervals of 90 degrees along the circumference, the height of the rotating slide block is matched with a deep groove with full depth, the bottom end of the slide block is obliquely cut by 45 degrees to form a 45-degree wedge block which is matched with a triangular tooth surface on the deflection cylinder body 4. The upper part of the rotating slide block 3 is a cylinder, and the center of the rotating slide block is provided with a hollow hole for accommodating a deflection driving spring 5.
The structure of the position-changing push rod 6 is shown in figure 4, 8 sliding blocks which are evenly distributed along the circumference are embedded on the outer side of the position-changing push rod, and the height of the position-changing push rod is matched with the shallow groove with half depth. The shift push rod 6 always moves up and down in the shallow groove and cannot rotate. 8 isosceles triangle teeth with an included angle of 120 degrees are carved at the top of the deflection push rod 6, and the vertex angle of the isosceles triangle is coincided with the central line of the slide block.
The deflection push rod 6 is arranged at the bottom of the deflection cylinder body 4, a rotating slide block 3 is arranged on the deflection push rod, the upper end of the rotating slide block 3 abuts against a deflection driving spring 5 of pre-pressure, and the upper end of the deflection driving spring 5 abuts against a connecting shaft 10. The connecting shaft 10 transmits the position change of the rotary slider 3 to the shift sleeve 9, and the shift sleeve 9 moves up or down along with the position change of the rotary slider 3. The shift pull rod 8 links the shift sleeve 9 and the petal-shaped hook 12. Thus, when the rotary slide block 3 is in a high position, the sleeve 9 is driven to rise and is locked in the high position, the petal-type hook 12 is locked in an open state, and the mushroom head suspender 13 is released; when the rotary slide block 3 is at a low position, the petal type hook 12 descends under the combined action of the self gravity and the return spring 7, and the petal type hook 12 tightly holds the mushroom head suspender 13 due to the special structural design.
4 automatic hook hooks are assembled into a stable assembly, namely an automatic hook through a retainer, 4 mushroom head suspenders and a platform of a parking trolley are assembled into a stable assembly, namely a parking plate, and a three-dimensional effect diagram is shown in figure 5.
Special structure design of petal type hook
In order to enable the petal-shaped hook to tightly hold the mushroom head when a heavy object is hoisted, the stress point of the petal-shaped hook is positioned outside the hook pin, and a centripetal torque is generated when the heavy object is hoisted to tightly hold the mushroom head. The principle is shown in fig. 14.
Working principle of mechanical automatic lifting hook
1. The motion principle of the automatic hook is analyzed from the opening state of the hook.
At this time, the displacement slider 3 is restrained at the high end of the displacement cylinder by the shallow groove of the displacement cylinder 4, and the displacement push rod 6 is in a free state (fig. 6).
The automatic lifting hook descends, the bottom end buffering and adjusting pad 11 of the shifting sleeve 9 is in contact with the mushroom head hanging rod 13, the automatic lifting hook continues to descend, after the shifting push rod 6 consumes the free stroke, triangular teeth at the upper end of the shifting push rod 6 are extruded with 45-degree wedge blocks at the bottom end of the rotating slide block 3, and the rotating slide block 3 is pushed to move upwards (fig. 7 and 8).
The deflection push rod 6 continues to move upwards to reach the limit, the bottom end of the rotating slide block 3 is pushed to be higher than the height of the sawteeth on the deflection cylinder body 4, and under the extrusion of a triangular tooth at the upper end of the deflection push rod 6 and a 45-degree wedge block at the bottom end of the rotating slide block 3, a lateral component force is generated to push the rotating slide block 3 to rotate, deviate from a shallow groove and enter the next sawtooth tooth surface (figure 9).
The automatic lifting hook rises, the deflection push rod 3 descends, and the bottom end of the rotary sliding block 3 gradually slides into the bottom of the next sawtooth corresponding to the deep groove along the sawtooth inclined plane of the deflection cylinder body (figure 10).
The rotary slide 3 thus slides from the high position of the displacement cylinder 4 to the low position of the displacement cylinder 4. The shift sleeve 9 is also released to the low position by the driving of the connecting shaft 10. The thrust supporting the petal-type grapple 12 disappears, and the petal-type grapple 12 holds the mushroom head suspender 13 tightly under the traction of the self gravity and the displacement sleeve 9 due to the special structural design, thereby completing the automatic hooking task.
2. The principle of motion of automatic unhooking of the automatic lifting hook is analyzed from the locking state of the lifting hook.
At this time, the shift push rod 6 and the rotary slider 3 are both located at the bottom end of the shift cylinder 3 (fig. 10).
The lifting hook descends, the buffer adjusting pad 11 at the bottom end of the displacement sleeve 9 contacts the top end of the mushroom head hanging rod 13, the lifting hook continues to descend, the displacement sleeve 9 pushes the displacement push rod 6 to move upwards, the rotary sliding block 3 is pushed to move upwards along the deep groove of the displacement cylinder 4 (figure 11), and the displacement driving spring 5 is compressed. Meanwhile, the shift pull rod 8 pushes the petal-type hook to gradually open.
The deflection push rod 6 continues to move upwards to reach the limit, the bottom end of the rotating slide block 3 is pushed to be higher than the height of sawteeth on the deflection cylinder body 4, and under the extrusion of a wedge block with 45 degrees between the triangular teeth at the upper end of the deflection push rod 3 and the bottom end of the rotating slide block, a lateral component force is generated to push the rotating slide block 3 to rotate and deviate from the sliding groove (figure 12).
The automatic lifting hook rises, the deflection push rod 6 descends, and the bottom end of the rotary sliding block 3 deviates from the deep groove and gradually slides into the sawtooth bottom of the shallow groove along the sawtooth inclined plane of the deflection cylinder body 4 (figure 13).
The rotary slide 3 is thus locked in the high position. The shift sleeve 9 is also locked at the high position under the driving of the connecting shaft 10. The shift pull rod 8 connected with the shift sleeve 9 pushes the petal type hook 12 to be locked in a fully opened state, and releases the mushroom head suspender 13 to complete the automatic unhooking task.
Fourth, application scenario
Fig. 15 to 17 are schematic views illustrating three scenarios of the present invention applied to a traveling type automatic parking, an intelligent goods yard, and an intelligent crane, respectively.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. The utility model provides an automatic lifting hook of mechanical type which characterized in that: the mushroom head lifting hook comprises a lifting hook base body, a two-state cam displacement mechanism, a displacement sleeve and a hook, wherein the lifting hook can generate ascending or descending motion, the two-state cam displacement mechanism is arranged on the lifting hook base body, the displacement sleeve is arranged at the bottom end of the lifting hook base body, a mushroom head lifting rod provides displacement power for the two-state cam displacement mechanism by pushing the displacement sleeve, the displacement sleeve is linked with the two-state cam displacement mechanism at the same time, the upper end of the hook is hinged to the lifting hook base body through a pin, the lower end of the hook is used for hooking the mushroom head lifting rod, and the middle of the hook is hinged to the side wall of the displacement sleeve; the stress point of the mushroom head suspender is positioned outside the pin at the upper end of the hook, and a centripetal torque is generated when a heavy object is hoisted to tightly hold the mushroom head suspender; the two-state cam displacement mechanism comprises a displacement cylinder body, a displacement push rod and a rotary slide block, wherein the displacement cylinder body and the rotary slide block form a pair of axial cam pairs, the displacement push rod is installed at the bottom of the displacement cylinder body, the rotary slide block is arranged on the displacement push rod, a cavity is formed in the upper portion of the rotary slide block, a displacement drive spring is accommodated in the cavity, a connecting shaft is abutted to the upper end of the displacement drive spring, the connecting shaft transmits the position change of the rotary slide block to a displacement sleeve, and the displacement sleeve rises or falls along with the change of the position of the rotary.
2. The mechanical automatic lifting hook according to claim 1, characterized in that: 2n of saw teeth with slopes are carved on the deflection cylinder body, straight grooves are carved downwards along the saw teeth, the straight grooves comprise n deep grooves with full depth and n shallow grooves with half depth, and the deep grooves and the shallow grooves are distributed at intervals; the lower part of the rotating slide block is provided with n slide blocks which are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction, the interval distance is the same as the distance between adjacent deep grooves or adjacent shallow grooves, the height of each slide block is not less than the depth of each deep groove, and a wedge block is formed after the bottom end of each slide block is obliquely cut and is matched with a triangular tooth surface on the deflection cylinder body; the deflection push rod is used for pushing the rotary sliding block, 2n triangular teeth are carved on the top of the deflection push rod, and the deflection push rod moves up and down in the shallow groove all the time.
3. A mechanical automatic lifting hook as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the sawteeth on the deflection cylinder body are right-angled triangular sawteeth with an inclination angle of 45 degrees; the beveling angle of the bottom end of the rotating slide block is 45 degrees; the triangular teeth at the top of the deflection push rod are isosceles triangular teeth with an included angle of 120 degrees.
4. A mechanical automatic lifting hook as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the triangle vertex angle of the deflection push rod coincides with the central line of the slide block.
5. A mechanical automatic lifting hook as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the number of the sawteeth on the deflection cylinder body is 8, the number of the deep grooves is 4, and the number of the shallow grooves is 4; the number of the sliding blocks on the rotating sliding block is 4; the number of the triangular teeth on the deflection push rod is 8.
6. The mechanical automatic lifting hook according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lower end of the mushroom head suspender is connected with the parking plate.
CN201810607299.5A 2018-06-13 2018-06-13 Mechanical automatic lifting hook Active CN108750924B (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201810607299.5A CN108750924B (en) 2018-06-13 2018-06-13 Mechanical automatic lifting hook

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201810607299.5A CN108750924B (en) 2018-06-13 2018-06-13 Mechanical automatic lifting hook

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CN108750924B true CN108750924B (en) 2020-09-01

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Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113108125B (en) * 2021-03-12 2022-07-01 长江生态环保集团有限公司 Auxiliary tool capable of enabling pipe joints to be tightly attached during drainage pipeline construction and using method
CN113401781B (en) * 2021-06-23 2022-11-15 中国核动力研究设计院 Mechanical lifting device for radioactive drying salt barrel

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CN2851221Y (en) * 2005-12-19 2006-12-27 贵阳铝镁设计研究院 Automatic hooking device
CN201198435Y (en) * 2008-04-15 2009-02-25 扬州市神力吊具制造有限公司 Mechanical box type single steel rail sling
CN201785128U (en) * 2010-07-20 2011-04-06 秦玉柱 Dead-weight lock hoisting device
CN201756405U (en) * 2010-08-17 2011-03-09 浙江美科斯叉车有限公司 Tubular pile lower mold clamp structure
CN102408058B (en) * 2011-12-09 2014-01-22 贵州航天天马机电科技有限公司 Mechanical locking and deblocking device
CN202518940U (en) * 2012-02-06 2012-11-07 中天启明石油技术有限公司 Tool special for lifting
CN103112775B (en) * 2013-02-22 2014-11-12 谭晓婧 Automatic electroslag hooking and tripping device
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CN104649153B (en) * 2015-02-16 2016-08-24 周良操 The loader of oil drum and casing can be hung
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