CN108749849B - Wheel derailment early warning method, device and system - Google Patents
Wheel derailment early warning method, device and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN108749849B CN108749849B CN201810569710.4A CN201810569710A CN108749849B CN 108749849 B CN108749849 B CN 108749849B CN 201810569710 A CN201810569710 A CN 201810569710A CN 108749849 B CN108749849 B CN 108749849B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
- B61F9/00—Rail vehicles characterised by means for preventing derailing, e.g. by use of guide wheels
- B61F9/005—Rail vehicles characterised by means for preventing derailing, e.g. by use of guide wheels by use of non-mechanical means, e.g. acoustic or electromagnetic devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
- B61L15/00—Indicators provided on the vehicle or vehicle train for signalling purposes ; On-board control or communication systems
- B61L15/0081—On-board diagnosis or maintenance
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
- B61L23/00—Control, warning, or like safety means along the route or between vehicles or vehicle trains
Abstract
The application discloses a wheel derailment early warning method, which comprises the following steps: acquiring the vibration acceleration of the wheel; acquiring impact data of a wheel; obtaining amplitude data of the wheel according to the vibration acceleration; and if the amplitude data is greater than or equal to the first amplitude preset value and the impact data is greater than or equal to the first impact preset value, outputting wheel derailment early warning information. The wheel derailment early warning method provided by the invention can accurately perform derailment early warning only by acquiring the vibration acceleration and the impact data, and has the advantages of stable and reliable whole process, less used data acquisition equipment, low cost and easiness in application.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of rail transit, in particular to a wheel derailment early warning method, device and system.
Background
The train derailment accident is one of the most serious accidents, the train derailment type has a plurality of modes, the reason for causing the train derailment is quite complex, and no effective means which can simultaneously meet the requirements of online, real-time, accurate, no report missing and no report error exists at present. If a plurality of signals are collected to meet various signal values and are judged through a set threshold value, detection and data analysis are very complex, when one signal is wrong, the signal is not reported or reported in a wrong way, and sometimes whether the derailment risk exists cannot be judged only by the exceeding of one signal value. If too many signal values are set and the condition is met at the same time to trigger early warning or alarming, a certain signal may not reach the standard, so that the risk is not alarmed in time.
Therefore, designing a wheel derailment early warning method and system which can realize high accuracy and reduce missing report and false report is a technical problem which needs to be solved urgently by people in the field at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a wheel derailment early warning method which is used for solving the technical problems of inaccurate early warning result, missed report and false report in the existing wheel derailment early warning scheme.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a wheel derailment early warning method, which comprises the following steps:
acquiring the vibration acceleration of the wheel;
acquiring impact data of a wheel;
obtaining amplitude data of the wheel according to the vibration acceleration;
and if the amplitude data is greater than or equal to a first amplitude preset value and the impact data is greater than or equal to a first impact preset value, outputting wheel derailment early warning information.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:
and if the amplitude data is greater than or equal to a second amplitude preset value and the impact data is greater than or equal to a second impact preset value, outputting wheel derailment alarm information.
Preferably, the vibration acceleration is a lateral vibration acceleration or a vertical vibration acceleration.
Preferably, the acquiring of the impact data of the wheel specifically includes:
and carrying out resonance demodulation processing on the vibration acceleration to obtain the impact data.
Preferably, the obtaining of the amplitude data of the wheel according to the vibration acceleration is specifically:
and performing secondary integral calculation on the vibration acceleration to obtain the amplitude data.
Preferably, the outputting of the wheel derailment early warning information specifically includes:
if the amplitude data is greater than or equal to a first amplitude preset value and the impact data is greater than or equal to a first impact preset value, recording one-time internal derailment early warning, and carrying out probability statistics according to the internal derailment early warning to obtain a probability statistical result;
and if the probability statistical result is greater than the probability statistical preset value, outputting wheel derailment early warning information.
The invention also provides a wheel derailment early warning device, which comprises:
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring vibration acceleration and impact data of the wheel;
the data processing module is used for obtaining amplitude data of the wheel according to the vibration acceleration;
the information output module is used for outputting wheel state information according to the amplitude data, the impact data, a first amplitude preset value and a first impact preset value;
and if the amplitude data is greater than or equal to a first amplitude preset value and the impact data is greater than or equal to a first impact preset value, the wheel state information is wheel derailment early warning information. .
Preferably, the information output module is further configured to output wheel state information according to the amplitude data, the impact data, a second amplitude preset value and a second impact preset value;
and if the amplitude data is greater than or equal to a second amplitude preset value and the impact data is greater than or equal to a second impact preset value, the wheel state information is wheel derailment alarm information.
The invention also provides a wheel derailment early warning system, which comprises any one wheel derailment early warning device, and further comprises:
and the composite sensor is used for acquiring the vibration acceleration and the impact data of the wheel and sending the vibration acceleration and the impact data to the data acquisition module.
According to the wheel derailment early warning method, corresponding amplitude data is obtained by obtaining the vibration acceleration of the wheel, impact data of the wheel is obtained, and wheel derailment early warning information is output when the amplitude data and the impact data rate are both larger than respective first preset values. According to the method, the early warning judgment can be completed only by acquiring the vibration acceleration and the impact data, calculating the amplitude data according to the vibration acceleration and comparing the price amplitude data and the impact data with the first preset value, so that the parameter values to be detected for wheel derailment early warning of the train are reduced, derailment early warning can be accurately performed, the whole process is stable and reliable, and the used data acquisition equipment is few, low in cost and easy to apply.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a wheel derailment warning method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of another embodiment of a wheel derailment warning method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a wheel derailment warning device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a wheel derailment warning system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions in the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment of the invention discloses a wheel derailment early warning method, which comprises the following steps:
s01, acquiring the vibration acceleration of the wheel;
s02, acquiring impact data of the wheel;
s03, obtaining amplitude data of the wheel according to the vibration acceleration;
and S04, if the amplitude data is larger than or equal to the first amplitude preset value and the impact data is larger than or equal to the first impact preset value, outputting wheel derailment early warning information.
The method comprises the steps that vibration acceleration of a wheel is obtained, amplitude data are obtained, impact data are obtained at the same time, and when the amplitude data are larger than or equal to a first amplitude preset value and the impact data are larger than or equal to a first impact preset value, wheel derailment early warning information is output.
For example, the normal wheels and rails have gaps in the transverse direction and are generally fixed, and the relevant standards of the railway in China on the track gauge and the wheel pair are as follows:
the track gauge L is 1435mm, the wheel set width Q is 1354mm, the rim standard thickness W1 is 34mm, and the rim minimum thickness W2 is 23 mm.
Thus, it can be calculated that: the standard transverse spacing M1 ═ 6.5mm (1435-.
If the preset amplitude value is set to be 17.5mm, namely the amplitude exceeds 17.5mm, theoretically, derailment early warning can be reasonably and normally sent out, but the judgment mode only depending on the transverse amplitude has great false alarm and failure alarm risks.
For example, when a train runs on a curve, wheels move along with the running track of the train, the transverse amplitude at the moment exceeds the amplitude preset value, an early warning condition is triggered, and wheel derailment early warning information is output.
For another example, the thickness of the wheel rim, that is, the wheel rim value, is continuously reduced due to the wear factor, it is obviously inappropriate to uniformly use 17.5mm for a new wheel and an old wheel, but the accurate wheel rim value cannot be obtained in real time every day, even if the amplitude preset value is changed into the wheel rim value measured at the last time, and the allowable transverse amplitude interval obtained by combining the conversion, the accurate derailment early warning cannot be performed, and the missed report is easily caused.
If only vertical amplitude is adopted for early warning judgment, similar problems that only transverse amplitude is relied on exist, for example, the fluctuation of a track foundation can cause the vertical amplitude exceeding a preset value of a wheel in normal running, and false alarm are easily caused.
In order to further determine whether the wheel enters the derailment early warning limit or not, impact data is obtained, whether the impact data exceeds a first impact preset value or not is judged, if so, the state of the vehicle road reaches the derailment early warning limit is indicated, and wheel derailment early warning information is output, because before the wheel derails, if the wheel does not have vertical amplitude, only larger horizontal amplitude exists, and larger impact occurs, at the moment, the corresponding impact indicates that the wheel rim extrudes the track, of course, the extrusion is possibly normal, namely normal snaking is possible, but if the horizontal displacement at the moment exceeds the preset value, the wheel is indicated to have the risk of climbing and is no longer normal snaking, if larger vertical displacement occurs, if the vertical position of the center of the wheel which normally runs is taken as a zero point, the vertical displacement is positive, the wheel rises to the upper part of the track, and at the derailment early warning cannot be sent out, but if the vertical displacement is negative, indicating that the wheel has fallen below the track, and a large impact is detected, this indicates that the wheel has derailed and impacted the tie, spring or foundation.
As shown in fig. 2, in a preferred mode of this embodiment, the method further includes the following steps:
and S05, if the amplitude data is greater than or equal to a second amplitude preset value and the impact data is greater than or equal to a second impact preset value, outputting wheel derailment alarm information.
The wheel usually falls down to impact a sleeper, a spring or a foundation after derailment, because the wheel is metal, the impact force of the impact is huge, if the range of a sensor is set to be larger, such as 100000sv, when the detected impact data exceeds a certain threshold, such as 60000sv, the wheel is shown to have huge impact, the impact can only be derailed, because the faults of other parts of the wheel or obstacles on a track cannot reach the impact strength, therefore, the threshold can be set to be a second impact preset value, similarly, the amplitude can also be set to be a second amplitude preset value, and if the amplitude data is larger than or equal to the second amplitude preset value and the impact data is larger than or equal to the second impact preset value, wheel derailment alarm information is output.
The display modes for outputting the wheel derailment early warning information or the wheel derailment alarm information are various, for example, a prompting lamp is turned on, a prompting sound is given, and the like, and the technicians in the field can select the warning modes according to the actual application conditions, and the specific limitation is not carried out.
In a preferred mode of this embodiment, the vibration acceleration is a lateral vibration acceleration or a vertical vibration acceleration, and correspondingly, the amplitude data is a lateral amplitude or a vertical amplitude, so that the amplitude data can be obtained according to the lateral vibration acceleration or the vertical vibration acceleration.
The obtaining of the vertical amplitude data of the wheel according to the vibration acceleration is specifically as follows: and obtaining the vertical amplitude data of the wheel according to the vertical vibration acceleration.
The step of acquiring impact data of the wheel specifically comprises the following steps: obtaining the lateral amplitude data of the wheel according to the first lateral vibration acceleration;
the amplitude data and the shock data obtained by the obtained vibration acceleration mentioned in the above method may be obtained by obtaining the shock data first and then obtaining the amplitude data, or obtaining the amplitude data first and then obtaining the shock data, or simultaneously, that is, the obtained vibration acceleration may be the vibration acceleration corresponding to different times, for example, for the vertical vibration acceleration, the shock data is larger than the shock preset value first, then the amplitude data is identified to be larger than the shock preset value, for the lateral vibration acceleration, the lateral amplitude is larger than the shock preset value first, and then the shock data is larger than the shock preset value, or simultaneously, different derailment modes correspond to different time sequences, the shock information generated by the wheel rim and the rail extrusion rail should be generated after the large lateral amplitude occurs, and for example, the shock information of the wheel impacting the sleeper, the spring or the foundation should also be generated after the large vertical amplitude occurs, however, the impact information generated by the rim and the track pressing the track must be before the occurrence of large vertical amplitude, and certainly, considering the time delay of signal transmission, there may be a case that the impact information is detected at the same time.
In a preferred mode of this embodiment, the acquiring the impact data of the wheel specifically includes:
the vibration acceleration is subjected to resonance demodulation processing to obtain impact data, and a specific implementation method of the resonance demodulation processing can refer to the Chinese patent of the applicant: 200910056925.7, the description will not be repeated here.
In a preferred mode of this embodiment, the obtaining of the amplitude data of the wheel according to the vibration acceleration is specifically as follows:
and performing secondary integral calculation on the vibration acceleration to obtain amplitude data.
In practical application, the acceleration a and the displacement x satisfy the micro-integral relationship from the lateral vibration acceleration integral to the second integral of the lateral vibration amplitude: two types of commonly used integration processing means are time-domain integration and frequency-domain integration, in this embodiment, frequency-domain integration is selected to process the quadratic integration, and of course, a time-domain integration may be selected according to other needs.
In a preferred mode of this embodiment, if the amplitude data is greater than or equal to the first amplitude preset value and the impact data is greater than or equal to the first impact preset value, recording an internal derailment early warning once, and performing probability statistics according to the internal derailment early warning to obtain a probability statistical result;
and if the probability statistical result is greater than the probability statistical preset value, outputting wheel derailment early warning information.
The risk of derailment at one time cannot be output immediately, and probability statistics needs to be carried out, for example, although large amplitude data occurs, if the amplitude data returns to a normal state at the next time, the risk of derailment does not exist.
When the amplitude data at a certain moment changes and exceeds the preset value due to external factors and the train normally runs at the next moment, early warning operation does not need to be executed due to occasional changes, so that the situation that the amplitude data at a certain moment is larger than or equal to the first amplitude preset value and the impact data is larger than or equal to the first impact preset value can be recorded as one-time internal derailment early warning, probability statistics is carried out according to the frequency of occurrence of the internal derailment early warning, and when the probability statistical result reaches a certain critical value, it is shown that the internal derailment early warning is not caused by accidental external factors, but the train has the derailment risk objectively.
It can be understood that there are many statistical ways similar to the above, and the probability of sending out an internal derailment alarm can be counted to judge whether the probability exceeds a certain preset value: it can also be judged whether the number of times of sending the internal derailment alarm within a preset time exceeds a certain preset value: whether a preset number of internal derailment alarms are continuously received or not can be judged, and the specific implementation mode is not limited in a relevant mode, so long as the false alarm caused by one-sidedness of a single early warning mode can be avoided.
As shown in fig. 3, the present embodiment further discloses a wheel derailment early warning device, including:
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring vibration acceleration and impact data of the wheel;
the data processing module is used for obtaining amplitude data of the wheel according to the vibration acceleration;
the information output module is used for outputting wheel state information according to the amplitude data, the impact data, the first amplitude preset value and the first impact preset value;
and if the amplitude data is greater than or equal to the first amplitude preset value and the impact data is greater than or equal to the first impact preset value, the wheel state information is wheel derailment early warning information.
The data acquisition module 1 acquires vibration acceleration and impact data of a wheel, the acquired vibration acceleration and impact data are sent to the data processing module 2, the data processing module 2 processes or calculates the vibration acceleration after receiving the vibration acceleration and the impact data to acquire amplitude data of the wheel, the amplitude data and the impact data are sent to the information output module 3, and the information output module 3 compares the amplitude data and the impact data with a first amplitude preset value and a first impact preset value respectively after receiving the amplitude data and the impact data.
If the amplitude data is greater than or equal to the first amplitude preset value and the impact data is greater than or equal to the first impact preset value, the information output module 3 outputs wheel derailment early warning information.
In one implementation manner of the wheel derailment early warning device in this embodiment, the information output module is further configured to output the wheel state information according to the amplitude data, the impact data, a second amplitude preset value and a second impact preset value;
and if the amplitude data is greater than or equal to the second amplitude preset value and the impact data is greater than or equal to the second impact preset value, the wheel state information is wheel derailment alarm information.
That is, if the amplitude data is greater than or equal to the second amplitude preset value and the impact data is greater than or equal to the second impact preset value, the information output module 3 outputs wheel derailment early warning information.
As shown in fig. 4, this embodiment also discloses a wheel derailment early warning system, including the above-mentioned wheel derailment early warning device, still includes:
and the composite sensor 4 is used for acquiring vibration acceleration and impact data of the wheel and sending the vibration acceleration and impact data to the data acquisition module 3.
The combi sensor 4 may be mounted at other positions under the spring such as a frame, a gear box, etc., and of course, the combi sensor 4 may be mounted on the bearing blocks at both ends for optimum effect.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
It is further noted that, in the present specification, relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
Claims (8)
1. A wheel derailment early warning method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring the vibration acceleration of the wheel;
acquiring impact data of a wheel;
obtaining amplitude data of the wheel according to the vibration acceleration;
and if the amplitude data is greater than or equal to a first amplitude preset value and the impact data is greater than or equal to a first impact preset value, outputting wheel derailment early warning information.
2. The wheel derailment warning method according to claim 1, further comprising the steps of:
and if the amplitude data is greater than or equal to a second amplitude preset value and the impact data is greater than or equal to a second impact preset value, outputting wheel derailment alarm information.
3. The wheel derailment warning method according to claim 1, wherein the vibration acceleration is a lateral vibration acceleration or a vertical vibration acceleration.
4. The wheel derailment early warning method according to claim 1, wherein the obtaining of the amplitude data of the wheel according to the vibration acceleration is specifically:
and performing secondary integral calculation on the vibration acceleration to obtain the amplitude data.
5. The wheel derailment warning method according to claim 1, wherein the outputting the wheel derailment warning information specifically comprises:
if the amplitude data is greater than or equal to the first amplitude preset value and the impact data is greater than or equal to the first impact preset value, recording one-time internal derailment early warning, and carrying out probability statistics according to the internal derailment early warning to obtain a probability statistical result;
and if the probability statistical result is greater than the probability statistical preset value, outputting wheel derailment early warning information.
6. A wheel derailment early warning device, comprising:
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring vibration acceleration and impact data of the wheel;
the data processing module is used for obtaining amplitude data of the wheel according to the vibration acceleration;
the information output module is used for outputting wheel state information according to the amplitude data, the impact data, a first amplitude preset value and a first impact preset value;
and if the amplitude data is greater than or equal to a first amplitude preset value and the impact data is greater than or equal to a first impact preset value, the wheel state information is wheel derailment early warning information.
7. The wheel derailment early warning device according to claim 6,
the information output module is further used for outputting wheel state information according to the amplitude data, the impact data, a second amplitude preset value and a second impact preset value;
and if the amplitude data is greater than or equal to a second amplitude preset value and the impact data is greater than or equal to a second impact preset value, the wheel state information is wheel derailment alarm information.
8. A wheel derailment warning system comprising the wheel derailment warning apparatus according to claim 6 or claim 7, further comprising:
and the composite sensor is used for acquiring the vibration acceleration and the impact data of the wheel and sending the vibration acceleration and the impact data to the data acquisition module.
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| CN113343811A (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2021-09-03 | 北京锦鸿希电信息技术股份有限公司 | Method, device, equipment, medium and product for judging train derailment |
| CN113671862A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-11-19 | 云南昆钢电子信息科技有限公司 | System and method applied to underground mine rail transport electric locomotive lane-dropping prediction |
| CN114044011A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-02-15 | 山东传正机电有限公司 | Mine track pedestrian vehicle lane-falling protection device |
| CN114368411B (en) * | 2022-03-22 | 2022-06-10 | 西南交通大学 | Monitoring and early warning method for train derailment safety |
| CN115511394A (en) * | 2022-11-16 | 2022-12-23 | 石家庄铁道大学 | Derailing early warning method and system for tunnel rail locomotive |
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