CN108747019A - A kind of welding steel thickness is more than the method for laser welding of laser machine permission thickness - Google Patents
A kind of welding steel thickness is more than the method for laser welding of laser machine permission thickness Download PDFInfo
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- CN108747019A CN108747019A CN201810606666.XA CN201810606666A CN108747019A CN 108747019 A CN108747019 A CN 108747019A CN 201810606666 A CN201810606666 A CN 201810606666A CN 108747019 A CN108747019 A CN 108747019A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
- B23K26/24—Seam welding
Abstract
A kind of welding steel thickness is more than the method for laser welding of laser machine permission thickness:First retain one section of depth that can be welded without the single laser of processing along the thickness direction of the edge fit to be welded for being soldered two pieces of substrates of uniform thickness, remaining is processed into the L-shaped of different in width;The weld seam that unprocessed and thickness on substrate that two pieces to be soldered is a is welded;It is neatly filled in first flute profile being spliced by two pieces of substrates and fills out geosynclinal block;Substrate in first flute profile is welded with geosynclinal block is filled out;According to step 3)And 4), will gradually be processed by L1- n and L2‑nIt is formed by n slot welding to connect, and finally by LThe ends 1-And LThe ends 2-The last slot formed.The present invention can weld the steel plate for being thicker than possessed laser welder single laser welding, and without purchasing matched laser welder, and weld bond easy processing is molded, and welding deformation is small, and weldquality is stablized.The characteristics of having given full play to laser welder.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of welding methods of steel plate, definitely belong to method for laser welding, and it is especially suitable for welding
Steel plate thickness is more than the method for laser welding that laser machine allows thickness.
Background technology
Since laser welding has the spies such as a fusion penetration is big, depth-to-width ratio is big, speed of welding is fast, heat input is low, deformation is small
Point has obtained industrial quarters and has more and more paid close attention to, and has been applied in medium-sized and heavy duty industrial the manufacturing, such as ship, core
Electricity, steel, the energy, oil-gas pipeline etc..
It is each the laser welder of certain power however, conventionally, as be excited the restriction of photocoagulator power
The depth of weld be limited, that is to say, that it can only weld the steel plate for the thickness that matches with depth defined by welding machine.For
Steel plate thickness be more than defined by the depth of weld, then can only abandon or purchase the laser welder to match, or in order to reach
The methods of the thicker material of welding, often take with the Combined Welding of electric arc, i.e., first of passage of laser welding is first used, subsequently
Welding then electric arc is used to weld, welding efficiency, to reduce heat input all very limited to improving for the welding of this mode.As used
Configure high-power laser-beam welding machine, it is clear that cost can be increased.
Through retrieval, Chinese Patent Application No. is the document of CN201510679775.0, it discloses《One kind is based on prefabricated
The narrow gap laser optical scanning multilayer self-melting and welding method of wlding》.The document uses the method perpendicular to weld seam transversal scanning to carry out
Multi-pass welds, and groove is laterally scanned and welds using U-shaped or double V-groove form, in welding using scanning galvanometer.
It exists:1. as a result of U or double V-groove, preformed material shape is complex, not easy to be processed;2. using scanning when welding
Galvanometer is lateral(Vertical weld direction)Scan mode, and scanning galvanometer is generally only used for the Solid State Laser of 1000W, for gas
The laser of laser or 1000W or more are not applicable;3. being welded using transversal scanning, it is soldered entire weld seam and will appear a large amount of turning,
Welding quality unstable is easily caused around the corner.
Therefore this patent proposes a kind of method for welding slab using laser multi-pass, has both solved laser welding slab
The problem of, in turn avoid the problems in document.
Invention content
The invention reside in overcome that the steel plate for being thicker than its depth of weld or groove cannot be welded existing for existing laser welding not
Easy processing and unstable, the complicated deficiency of the weld seam of welding provide a kind of no matter the power of possessed laser welder is much,
The steel plate for being thicker than its depth of weld can be welded, and weld bond easy processing is molded, welding deformation is small, the laser welding that weldquality is stablized
Method.
Realize the measure of above-mentioned purpose:
A kind of welding steel thickness is more than the method for laser welding of laser machine permission thickness, step:
1)First retain one section of single laser without processing along the thickness direction of the edge fit to be welded for being soldered two pieces of substrates of uniform thickness
The depth that can be welded, remaining is processed into the L-shaped of different in width, the L-shaped number and correspondence that two pieces of soldered substrates are processed
Shape in height is identical, and the two is stitched together as flute profile, and the number of flute profile is the thickness of substrate can be welded by single laser
The integral multiple that thickness is removed, per side, the L-shaped number of processing is identical on two pieces of equal thick substrates for the number of flute profile;From one piece of substrate thickness
Flute profile figure when the L-shaped figure processed or two pieces are stitched together on degree direction, topological shape is stepped;
The L-shaped processing method of monolithic substrate:
The edge fit to be welded for processing one piece of substrate to be welded first, makes it be processed at least one L-shaped along the thickness direction of weld ddge, uses
L1- n indicates that n is natural number, indicates n-th of the L-shaped to be processed, is equal to the thickness of substrate to be welded by single Laser Welding
The integral multiple that the thickness connect is removed;First L1-1Bottom edge of the bottom edge away from substrate distance be single laser welding depth, use
A is indicated;L1-1Vertical edges height be equal to single laser welding depth;Its L1-nThe width b on bottom edgenIt indicates, n is nature
Number indicates the width on n-th of L-shaped bottom edge to be processed, bnWidth section where corresponding laser beam when being no more than welding
Radius;When processing the 2nd L-shaped, L1-2Vertical edges height still equal to the depth that single laser welds;Its L1-2Bottom edge
Width b2Then it is no more than the radius in section where corresponding laser beam when welding;
When the thickness of substrate finally one single laser of remaining thickness low LCL welding, it is still processed into L-shaped, is used
LThe ends 1-It indicates, LThe ends 1-Base width still use bnMode process, vertical height be remaining thickness;
The L-shaped L of second piece of substrate2It indicates, first L-shaped L thereon2-1Indicate, and with the L of first piece of substrate1-1Position
Corresponding, shape and size are identical;It is later then, until L2-nAnd LThe ends 2-;
2)The L-shaped two side L that will be processed on substrate that two pieces to be soldered1-1And L2-1Unprocessed and thickness below bottom edge is
The weld seam of a is welded, and requires to weld real weldering completely;
3)In two pieces of substrates by two L1-1And L2-1It is neatly filled in first flute profile being spliced into and fills out geosynclinal block, and it is vertical to fill out geosynclinal block
It places;
4)To in first flute profile substrate and fill out between geosynclinal block, the gap filling out geosynclinal block and fill out between geosynclinal block is welded, and want
Ask the real weldering of weldering full;
5)According to step 3)And 4), will gradually be processed by L1- n and L2-nIt is formed by n slot welding to connect, and finally by LThe ends 1-
And LThe ends 2-The last slot formed.
It is:The thickness for filling out geosynclinal block, no more than the molten wide of single pass weld seam;Its material and substrate material phase
Together.
It is:It is described each by L1- n and L2-nIt is formed by the width of slot, is more than the laser corresponding to slot position
The diameter of section of beam is no more than 1mm.
Compared with prior art, the present invention the thickness no matter welding is thicker than possessed laser welder single laser welding is more
It is few, it can be welded, without matched laser welder, and the molding of weld bond easy processing is purchased, welding deformation is small, weldquality
Stablize.The characteristics of having given full play to laser welder.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is substrate L of the present invention1Or substrate L2The L-type layout state figure of weld ddge;
Fig. 2 is substrate L in Fig. 11With substrate L2The state diagram being stitched together;
Fig. 3 is slot in fig. 21The state diagram after geosynclinal block is filled out in placement;
In figure:L1——Indicate first piece of substrate, L2——Indicate second piece of substrate, L1-1—Indicate first L on first piece of substrate
Shape, L1-2—Indicate second L-shaped on first piece of substrate, LThe ends 1--Indicate the last one L-shaped on first piece of substrate, L2-1—It indicates
First L-shaped on second piece of substrate, L2-2—Indicate second L-shaped on second piece of substrate, LThe ends 2--It indicates on second piece of substrate
The last one L-shaped, a——Indicate the height of the vertical edges of L identical with the thickness that single laser welds, b1——Indicate L1-1Or
L2-1L-shaped base width, b2——Indicate L1-2Or L2-,2L-shaped base width, bEnd ---Indicate LThe ends 1-Or LThe ends 2-L-shaped bottom edge it is wide
Degree.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention is described in detail below:
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment steel plate thickness to be welded is 8mm, and the L-shaped that two pieces of substrates of progress uniform thickness laser welding are processed is marked respectively
It is denoted as L1And L1;Laser welder power 4000kw, the solderable depth of single pass are 5mm;8mm-5mm=3mm in this way, remaining 3mm
Middle L1And L2L-shaped number n be 0, LThe ends 1-And LThe ends 2-L-shaped number be 1, respective thickness is 3mm;Through measuring, slotEndOpening is
The diameter of section of the corresponding laser beam in the places 8mm is 6.5mm;The molten wide of single pass weld seam is 3mm;L is processed using cutting process
Shape.
The present embodiment Steel plate laser welding method, step:
1)First retain one section of single laser without processing along the thickness direction of the edge fit to be welded for being soldered two pieces of substrates of uniform thickness
The distance that can be welded is 5mm, remaining is processed into the L that vertical height is 3mmThe ends 1-It is 1;Two pieces of soldered substrates are processed
L-shaped number and respective heights on shape it is identical;Flute profile has 1, i.e. slot after the two is stitched togetherEnd, slotEndOpening width is
7.5mm;
Substrate LThe ends 1-L-shaped processing method:
The edge fit to be welded for processing one piece of substrate to be welded first, makes it be processed into 1 L-shaped, i.e. L along the thickness direction of weld ddgeThe ends 1-;
LThe ends 1-Bottom edge of the bottom edge away from substrate distance be single laser welding thickness a be known as 5mm;LThe ends 1-Vertical edges height
For 3mm;LThe ends 1-Width bEndFor 3.75mm;
Substrate L, the ends 2-L-shaped processing method:
Due to second piece of substrate L, the ends 2-L-shaped structure, shape, size and number be substantially identical to first piece of substrate, therefore:L, the ends 2-It is same as
LThe ends 1-;
2)The L-shaped two side L that will be processed on substrate that two pieces to be solderedThe ends 1-And L, the ends 2-Unprocessed and distance below bottom edge
A is that the weld seam of 5mm is welded, and requires to weld real weldering completely;
3)In two pieces of substrates by two LThe ends 1-And L, the ends 2-The slot being spliced intoEndInterior neat fill fills out geosynclinal block, and fills out geosynclinal block and vertically place;
The material for filling out geosynclinal block is same as base material;The thickness for filling out geosynclinal block processed is smaller 0.5mm than single pass weld pool width 3mm, as
2.5mm;It is 3mm that it, which fills out the height of geosynclinal block,;
4)SlotEndOpening width is 7.5mm, therefore in slotEndIn to be filled with 3 pieces of thickness be that 2.5mm fills out geosynclinal block;By slotEndInterior substrate with
Fill out between geosynclinal block, the gap filling out geosynclinal block and fill out between geosynclinal block is welded, and require to weld real weldering full
Through being detected to the weld seam welded, no solder skip phenomenon, welding nothing is deformed phenomenon, and weldquality is stablized, complete
Full up foot user requires.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment steel plate thickness to be welded is 15mm, carries out the processed L-shaped difference of two pieces of substrates of uniform thickness laser welding
Labeled as L1And L2;Laser welder power 4000kw, the solderable depth of single pass are 5mm;15mm-5mm=10mm in this way, it remains
L in remaining 10mm1And L2L-shaped number n be 2;Through measuring, by L1And L2The slot of formation1Height opening, i.e. at substrate 10mm
The diameter of section of corresponding laser beam is 8mm, slot1Opening be the corresponding laser beam in the places substrate 10mm diameter of section be
8mm;Slot2Opening be the corresponding laser beam in the places substrate 15mm diameter of section be 11mm;The molten wide of single pass weld seam is
3mm;L-shaped is processed using cutting process.
The method for laser welding of the present embodiment 2, step:
1)First retain one section of single laser without processing along the thickness direction of the edge fit to be welded for being soldered two pieces of substrates of uniform thickness
Can the distance of welding be 5mm, remaining is processed into different in width but the identical L of vertical height1Shape is 2;Two pieces are soldered
Substrate the L-shaped number and respective heights processed on shape it is identical;Flute profile has 2, i.e. slot after the two is stitched together1And
Slot2;Slot1Opening width be 8.8mm, slot2Opening width be 12mm, therefore make slot1, slot2Topological shape be stepped cloth
Office;
Substrate L1L-shaped processing method:
The edge fit to be welded for processing one piece of substrate to be welded first, makes it be processed into 2 L-shaped, i.e. L along the thickness direction of weld ddge1-1
L1-2, n=2;First L1-1Bottom edge of the bottom edge away from substrate distance be single laser welding thickness a be known as 5mm;L1-1's
The height of vertical edges is equal to the thickness of single laser welding, is also 5mm;Its L1-1The width b on bottom edge1Width be 4.4mm;Its
L1-2The thickness that welds still equal to single laser of height of vertical edges be also 5mm;Its L1-2The width b on bottom edge2For 6mm;
Substrate L2L-shaped processing method:
Due to second piece of substrate L2L-shaped structure, shape, size and number be substantially identical to first piece of substrate, therefore: L2-1It is same as
L1-1, L2-2It is same as L1-2;
2)The L-shaped two side L that will be processed on substrate that two pieces to be soldered1-1And L2-1Unprocessed and distance a below bottom edge
It is welded for the weld seam of 5mm, and requires to weld real weldering completely;
3)In two pieces of substrates by two L1-1And L2-1First slot being spliced into1Interior neat fill fills out geosynclinal block, and it is vertical to fill out geosynclinal block
It places;The material for filling out geosynclinal block is same as base material;The thickness for filling out geosynclinal block processed is smaller 0.8mm than single pass weld pool width 3mm, as
2.2mm;Slot1Opening width be 8.8mm, therefore in slot1In to be filled with 4 pieces of thickness be that 2.2mm fills out geosynclinal block, fill out the height of geosynclinal block
It is 5mm;
4)By slot1Interior substrate and fill out between geosynclinal block, the gap filling out geosynclinal block and fill out between geosynclinal block is welded, and require to weld real weldering
It is full;
5)According to step 3)And 4), will gradually be processed by L1-2With L2-22 slot weldings are formed by connect;Slot2Opening width
For 12mm, therefore in slot2In to be filled with 4 pieces of thickness be that 3mm fills out geosynclinal block, the height for filling out geosynclinal block is 5mm.
Through being detected to the weld seam welded, no solder skip phenomenon, welding nothing is deformed phenomenon, and weldquality is steady
It is fixed, fully meet user's requirement.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment steel plate thickness to be welded is 18mm, carries out the processed L-shaped difference of two pieces of substrates of uniform thickness laser welding
Labeled as L1And L2;Laser welder power 4000kw, the solderable depth of single pass are 5mm;18mm-5mm=13mm in this way, it remains
L in remaining 13mm1And L2L-shaped number n be 3, LThe ends 1-And LThe ends 2-Respective residual thickness is 3mm;Through measuring, by L1And L2It is formed
Slot1Height opening, i.e. the diameter of section of the corresponding laser beam in the places substrate 10mm is 8mm, slot1Opening, that is, substrate 10mm
The diameter of section of the corresponding laser beam in place is 8mm;Slot2Opening be the corresponding laser beam in the places substrate 15mm diameter of section
It is 11mm, slotEndThe diameter of section of opening, that is, corresponding laser beam in the places 18mm is 12.5mm;The molten wide of single pass weld seam is
3mm;L-shaped is processed using cutting process.
The method for laser welding of the present embodiment, step:
1)First retain one section of single laser without processing along the thickness direction of the edge fit to be welded for being soldered two pieces of substrates of uniform thickness
Can the distance of welding be 5mm, remaining is processed into different in width but the identical L of vertical height1Shape is 2, and vertical height is
The L of 3mmThe ends 1-It is 1;The shape in L-shaped number and respective heights that two pieces of soldered substrates are processed is identical;The two is spelled
Flute profile has 2, i.e. slot after together1And slot2;Slot1Opening width be 8.8mm, slot2Opening width be 12mm, slotEndOpening is wide
Degree is 13.8mm, therefore makes slot1, slot2And slotEndTopological shape be stepped layout;
Substrate L1L-shaped processing method:
The edge fit to be welded for processing one piece of substrate to be welded first, makes it be processed into 2 L-shaped, i.e. L along the thickness direction of weld ddge1-1
L1-2, n=2;First L1-1Bottom edge of the bottom edge away from substrate distance be single laser welding thickness a be known as 5mm;L1-1's
The height of vertical edges is equal to the thickness of single laser welding, is also 5mm;Its L1-1The width b on bottom edge1Width be 4.4mm;Its
L1-2Vertical edges height still equal to the thickness that single laser welds, also as 5mm;Its L1-2The width b on bottom edge2For 6mm;
LThe ends 1-Width bEndFor 6.9mm;
Substrate L2L-shaped processing method:
Due to second piece of substrate L2L-shaped corporation structure, shape, size and number be substantially identical to first piece of substrate, therefore: L2-1Together
In L1-1, L2-2It is same as L1-2,L, the ends 2-It is same as LThe ends 1-;
2)The L-shaped two side L that will be processed on substrate that two pieces to be soldered1-1And L2-1Unprocessed and distance a below bottom edge
It is welded for the weld seam of 5mm, and requires to weld real weldering completely;
3)In two pieces of substrates by two L1-1And L2-1First slot being spliced into1Interior neat fill fills out geosynclinal block, and it is vertical to fill out geosynclinal block
It places;The material for filling out geosynclinal block is same as base material;The thickness for filling out geosynclinal block processed is smaller 0.8mm than single pass weld pool width 3mm, as
2.2mm;Slot1Opening width be 8.8mm, therefore in slot1In to be filled with 4 pieces of thickness be that 2.2mm fills out geosynclinal block, fill out the height of geosynclinal block
It is 5mm;
4)By slot1Interior substrate and fill out between geosynclinal block, the gap filling out geosynclinal block and fill out between geosynclinal block is welded, and require to weld real weldering
It is full;
5)According to step 3)And 4), will gradually be processed by L1-2With L2-2It is formed by 2 slot weldings to connect, and finally by LThe ends 1-
And LThe ends 2-The slot of formationEnd;Slot2Opening width be 12mm, therefore in slot2In to be filled with 4 pieces of thickness be that 3mm fills out geosynclinal block, fill out geosynclinal block
Height be 5mm;
SlotEndOpening width is 13.8mm, therefore in slotEndIn to be filled with 6 pieces of thickness be that 2.3mm fills out geosynclinal block, the height for filling out geosynclinal block is equal
For 3mm.
Through being detected to the weld seam welded, no solder skip phenomenon, welding nothing is deformed phenomenon, and weldquality is steady
It is fixed, fully meet user's requirement.
Present embodiment is only the best example, not to the restricted implementation of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of welding steel thickness is more than the method for laser welding that laser machine allows thickness, step:
1)First retain one section of single laser without processing along the thickness direction of the edge fit to be welded for being soldered two pieces of substrates of uniform thickness
The depth that can be welded, remaining is processed into the L-shaped of different in width, the L-shaped number and correspondence that two pieces of soldered substrates are processed
Shape in height is identical, and the two is stitched together as flute profile, and the number of flute profile is the thickness of substrate can be welded by single laser
The integral multiple that thickness is removed, per side, the L-shaped number of processing is identical on two pieces of equal thick substrates for the number of flute profile;From one piece of substrate thickness
Flute profile figure when the L-shaped figure processed or two pieces are stitched together on degree direction, topological shape is stepped;
The L-shaped processing method of monolithic substrate:
The edge fit to be welded for processing one piece of substrate to be welded first, makes it be processed at least one L-shaped along the thickness direction of weld ddge, uses
L1- n indicates that n is natural number, indicates n-th of the L-shaped to be processed, is equal to the thickness of substrate to be welded by single Laser Welding
The integral multiple that the thickness connect is removed;First L1-1Bottom edge of the bottom edge away from substrate distance be single laser welding depth, use
A is indicated;L1-1Vertical edges height be equal to single laser welding depth;Its L1-nThe width b on bottom edgenIt indicates, n is nature
Number indicates the width on n-th of L-shaped bottom edge to be processed, bnWidth section where corresponding laser beam when being no more than welding
Radius;When processing the 2nd L-shaped, L1-2Vertical edges height still equal to the depth that single laser welds;Its L1-2Bottom edge
Width b2Then it is no more than the radius in section where corresponding laser beam when welding;
When the thickness of substrate finally one single laser of remaining thickness low LCL welding, it is still processed into L-shaped, is used
LThe ends 1-It indicates, LThe ends 1-Base width still use bnMode process, vertical height be remaining thickness;
The L-shaped L of second piece of substrate2It indicates, first L-shaped L thereon2-1Indicate, and with the L of first piece of substrate1-1Position phase
Corresponding, shape and size are identical;It is later then, until L2-nAnd LThe ends 2-;
2)The L-shaped two side L that will be processed on substrate that two pieces to be soldered1-1And L2-1Unprocessed and thickness below bottom edge is
The weld seam of a is welded, and requires to weld real weldering completely;
3)In two pieces of substrates by two L1-1And L2-1It is neatly filled in first flute profile being spliced into and fills out geosynclinal block, and it is vertical to fill out geosynclinal block
It places;
4)To in first flute profile substrate and fill out between geosynclinal block, the gap filling out geosynclinal block and fill out between geosynclinal block is welded, and want
Ask the real weldering of weldering full;
5)According to step 3)And 4), will gradually be processed by L1- n and L2-nIt is formed by n slot welding to connect, and finally by LThe ends 1-
And LThe ends 2-The last slot formed.
2. a kind of welding steel thickness as described in claim 1 is more than the method for laser welding that laser machine allows thickness, special
Sign is:The thickness for filling out geosynclinal block, no more than the molten wide of single pass weld seam;Its material is identical as substrate material.
3. a kind of welding steel thickness as described in claim 1 is more than the method for laser welding that laser machine allows thickness, special
Sign is:It is described each by L1- n and L2-nIt is formed by the width of slot, is more than the section of the laser beam corresponding to slot position
Diameter is no more than 1mm.
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CN103286449A (en) * | 2013-05-07 | 2013-09-11 | 中国科学院等离子体物理研究所 | Narrow gap laser hot-wire-filling welding process for 316LN thick plate |
CN103817439A (en) * | 2014-03-13 | 2014-05-28 | 机械科学研究院哈尔滨焊接研究所 | Prefabricated welding material laser welding method capable of obviously improving joint tissue and stress state |
CN104384717A (en) * | 2014-11-12 | 2015-03-04 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二五研究所 | Swinging laser and hot wire welding method for implementing butt welding on narrow gap of thick plate |
CN105149786A (en) * | 2015-10-19 | 2015-12-16 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Narrow-gap laser-scanning multi-layer self-melting welding method based on prefabricated welding materials |
CN107876985A (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2018-04-06 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of increasing material welding method of big thickness frame clsss metal parts |
CN107813049A (en) * | 2017-11-07 | 2018-03-20 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of slab ultra-narrow gap laser filling wire welding device and method |
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CN114473237A (en) * | 2022-02-18 | 2022-05-13 | 广东亚图科技股份有限公司 | Four-class library and laser processing method thereof |
CN114473237B (en) * | 2022-02-18 | 2023-09-22 | 广东亚图科技股份有限公司 | Four-class library and laser processing method thereof |
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