Resource recovery method
The application is a divisional application of a patent with the application number of 2017100035818 and the application date of 2017, 01-04.A method for recycling resources of waste tin-plated copper rice is invented and created.
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of secondary resource recycling, and particularly relates to a resource recycling method of waste tinned copper rice.
Background
With the rapid development of electric power communication industry, the demand of society on electric wires and cables is increasing day by day, the waste electric wires and cables are increasing day by day, and the recovery of the waste electric wires and cables has important significance to the economy and the society due to the increasing shortage of metal resources and the high price of international copper and tin. Because the traditional conductor copper wire is partially oxidized during high-temperature extrusion molding and is easy to have poor contact during wire connection, the existing copper wire is generally plated with tin on the surface so as to have good corrosion resistance and welding performance.
The tin-plated copper rice is a new industrial raw material for waste cable production, and the use of the tin-plated copper rice exceeds the use amount of fine copper. The tin-plated copper rice is separated and recycled, so that the utilization rate of metal can be improved, and the pollution to the environment is avoided.
For most waste tinned copper wires, the waste tinned copper wires are generally treated by adopting a crushing technology because the waste tinned copper wires are difficult to strip or have low stripping efficiency. The crushing technology is that waste electric wires and cables are directly crushed into particles by mechanical equipment such as a cutting machine, a crusher and the like, and then plastics and metals are separated by sorting equipment. It can be seen that the existing recovery technology of the waste electric wire and cable focuses on separating copper and plastic, but has no effect on separating and recovering the tin coating on the copper conductor. Thereby generating a large amount of waste tin-plated copper wire, namely a section of copper wire generated by cutting, and the tin plating on the surface is not separated. From the prior art, the recovery method of tin-plated copper rice mainly includes an acid leaching method and an electrolytic method, for example, chinese patent 200910090636.9 proposes a copper sulfate-heap leaching process to recover copper and tin in waste tin-plated copper wires, chinese patent 201010279564.5 adopts a special leaching device to treat and then electrolyze, and the like, and the recovery of tin from copper rice by these methods has the problems of high recovery cost, long process flow and the like.
Therefore, a more efficient, low-cost and economical and friendly method needs to be developed to solve the problem of separating and recycling the tin-plated waste copper material.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a resource recovery method of waste tin-plated copper rice, which has the advantages of simple method, no pollution, low cost and high recovery rate.
The invention relates to a resource recovery method of waste tinned copper rice, which is realized by the following steps:
1) mixing the waste tin-plated copper rice and the ground ceramic balls according to a certain proportion to obtain a mixture;
2) placing the mixture obtained in the step 1) in a vacuum container, heating the vacuum container by an external heating device, controlling the temperature at 250-300 ℃, stirring the mixture in the vacuum container by a stirring device for 50-60min, and stripping the molten tin on the surface of the waste tin-plated copper rice by the stirring friction action of the grinding ceramic balls and the waste tin-plated copper rice and the friction action of the waste tin-plated copper rice to realize the separation of the tin and the copper rice;
3) stopping heating the vacuum container, continuing stirring until the temperature in the vacuum container is reduced to 200 ℃, stopping stirring, scraping tin from the surface of the waste tin-plated copper rice, cooling the tin-plated copper rice into powder under the action of friction, and forming a small amount of copper into powder under the action of friction to obtain copper-tin mixed powder;
4) cooling the vacuum container to room temperature, turning off the vacuum pump, taking out materials in the vacuum container, and separating and recycling ground porcelain balls through electric separation to obtain waste tinned copper rice and copper-tin mixed powder;
5) and separating the waste tin-plated copper rice and copper-tin mixed powder through a screening device to obtain the detinned copper rice and copper-tin mixed powder.
The invention relates to a resource recovery method of waste tinned copper rice, wherein the mass ratio of the waste tinned copper rice to ground ceramic balls is 10: 1.
The invention relates to a resource recovery method of waste tin-plated copper rice, in the step 1), the wire diameter of the waste tin-plated copper rice is 2-4mm, and the length is 5-12 mm; the grinding ceramic ball is a wear-resistant alumina ceramic ball with the diameter of 5 mm.
The invention relates to a resource recovery method of waste tin-plated copper rice, wherein in the step 2) and the step 3), the system pressure of a vacuum container is not higher than 25 kpa.
The invention relates to a resource recovery method of waste tin-plated copper rice, wherein in the step 2) and the step 3), the stirring speed of a stirring device is 300-600 rpm.
The invention relates to a resource recovery method device of waste tinned copper rice, which comprises a motor, a rotating shaft and a vacuum container, wherein one end of the rotating shaft is provided with a stirring paddle and extends into a cavity of the vacuum container, and the other end of the rotating shaft is connected with a main shaft of the motor; a movable sealing sleeve sleeved on the rotating shaft is arranged on the rotating shaft between the vacuum container and the motor, and an air outlet is formed above the vacuum container.
The resource recovery method of the waste tin-plated copper rice adopting the technical scheme has the following working principle:
the invention adds the waste tinned copper rice to be treated into a grinding ceramic ball, the waste tinned copper rice is mixed and then is put into a vacuum container, the vacuum container is heated, when the temperature reaches above the melting point (232 ℃) of tin, the tin is in a molten state, the molten tin on the surface of the waste tinned copper rice is stripped through the stirring friction action of the grinding ceramic ball and the waste tinned copper rice and the friction action of the waste tinned copper rice under the vacuum condition through the stirring external force action, the separation of the tin and the copper rice is realized, and simultaneously, a small amount of copper is scraped from the surface of the waste tinned copper rice due to mechanical friction, so that the mixed powder of the copper and the tin is obtained.
The applicant found that tin on the surface of the waste tin-plated copper rice is separated in a molten state through a physical process, the tin is changed into a solid state from a liquid state during stirring by continuously stirring in a vacuum container cooling process until the temperature is reduced to be below the melting point of the tin, and the tin is changed into solid powder under the action of shearing force, and the separated tin is not recombined with the waste tin-plated copper rice and is changed into solid powder substances through the friction action of grinding ceramic balls.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the physical characteristic of low melting point of tin is skillfully utilized, a pure physical separation method is adopted, the tin coating on the surface of the copper rice can be removed to the maximum extent by stirring and separating under a vacuum state and adding the grinding ceramic balls, and the separation process is simple and low in cost compared with the acid leaching process or the electrolysis process in the prior art;
2. the method and the device adopted by the invention are simple, pollution-free, low in cost and high in efficiency, and the tin plating layer and the waste copper rice are efficiently separated;
3. the separated tin-copper powder is directly used for preparing the micro-electrolysis filler without next separation, the treatment process is simple, and the additional value is high;
4. the technological process creatively provides a resource recovery process of the tinned copper rice, can give full play to technological advantages and raw material availability, and obtains unexpected technical effects.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of a resource recovery method of waste tin-plated copper rice;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an apparatus for resource recovery of waste tin-plated copper rice;
in fig. 2, 1 is a motor, 2 is a vacuum container top cover, 3 is a vacuum container, 4 is a movable sealing sleeve, 5 is an air outlet, 6 is a stirring paddle, and 7 is a rotating shaft.
Detailed Description
Example 1
1) Taking 2kg of waste tinned copper rice with the wire diameter of 2-4mm and the length of 5-12mm, adding 200g of wear-resistant alumina ceramic balls with the diameter of 5mm, and fully mixing;
2) placing the mixture into a vacuum container, heating the vacuum container by an external heating device, controlling the temperature to be 300 ℃, controlling the system pressure of the vacuum container to be 25kpa, stirring the mixture in the vacuum container for 60min by a stirring device, wherein the stirring speed is 600rpm, and stripping the molten tin on the surface of the waste tin-plated copper rice by the stirring friction action of a grinding ceramic ball and the waste tin-plated copper rice and the friction action of the waste tin-plated copper rice, so as to realize the separation of the tin and the copper rice;
3) stopping heating the vacuum container, continuing stirring until the temperature in the vacuum container is reduced to 200 ℃, stopping stirring, scraping tin from the surface of the waste tin-plated copper rice, cooling the tin-plated copper rice into powder under the action of friction, and forming a small amount of copper into powder under the action of friction to obtain copper-tin mixed powder;
4) cooling the vacuum container to room temperature, turning off the vacuum pump, taking out materials in the vacuum container, and separating and recycling ground porcelain balls through electric separation to obtain waste tinned copper rice and copper-tin mixed powder;
5) separating the waste tin-plated copper rice and copper-tin mixed powder by a screening device to obtain the detinned copper rice and copper-tin mixed powder.
The technical effects are as follows: the tin plating layer on the surface of the waste tin-plated copper rice is separated cleanly, and the surface of the copper rice is changed into copper yellow from silvery white before treatment.
Example 2
1) Taking 2kg of waste tinned copper rice with the wire diameter of 2-4mm and the length of 5-12mm, adding 200g of wear-resistant alumina ceramic balls with the diameter of 5mm, and fully mixing;
2) placing the mixture into a vacuum container, heating the vacuum container by an external heating device, controlling the temperature to be 250 ℃, controlling the system pressure of the vacuum container to be 25kpa, stirring the mixture in the vacuum container for 50min by a stirring device, stirring at the rotating speed of 300rpm, stripping the molten tin on the surface of the waste tin-plated copper rice by the stirring friction action of a grinding ceramic ball and the waste tin-plated copper rice and the friction action of the waste tin-plated copper rice, and realizing the separation of the tin and the copper rice;
3) stopping heating the vacuum container, continuing stirring until the temperature in the vacuum container is reduced to 200 ℃, stopping stirring, scraping tin from the surface of the waste tin-plated copper rice, cooling the tin-plated copper rice into powder under the action of friction, and forming a small amount of copper into powder under the action of friction to obtain copper-tin mixed powder;
4) cooling the vacuum container to room temperature, turning off the vacuum pump, taking out materials in the vacuum container, and separating and recycling ground porcelain balls through electric separation to obtain waste tinned copper rice and copper-tin mixed powder;
5) separating the waste tin-plated copper rice and copper-tin mixed powder by a screening device to obtain the detinned copper rice and copper-tin mixed powder.
The technical effects are as follows: the tin plating layer on the surface of the waste tin-plated copper rice is separated cleanly, and the surface of the copper rice is changed into copper yellow from silvery white before treatment.