CN108746533B - Method for controlling crystallinity of continuous casting crystallizer covering slag by pulse current - Google Patents
Method for controlling crystallinity of continuous casting crystallizer covering slag by pulse current Download PDFInfo
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- CN108746533B CN108746533B CN201810432343.3A CN201810432343A CN108746533B CN 108746533 B CN108746533 B CN 108746533B CN 201810432343 A CN201810432343 A CN 201810432343A CN 108746533 B CN108746533 B CN 108746533B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
- B22D11/18—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for pouring
- B22D11/181—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for pouring responsive to molten metal level or slag level
- B22D11/186—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for pouring responsive to molten metal level or slag level by using electric, magnetic, sonic or ultrasonic means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
- B22D11/11—Treating the molten metal
- B22D11/111—Treating the molten metal by using protecting powders
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- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
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- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
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Abstract
A method for controlling the crystallinity of continuous casting crystallizer covering slag by pulse current relates to a method for improving the performance of the continuous casting crystallizer covering slag. The casting powder with different alkalinity and components has different crystallization performance, and aims to coordinate the contradiction between the continuous casting crystallizer casting powder lubricating casting blank and controlling heat transfer and improve the casting blank quality. The invention controls the parameters of pulse current: the frequency is 1-200 Hz, the pulse width is 20 mus-1 ms, the current is 10-200A, and the action time is 1-5 min. The pulse current can increase the crystallinity of the low-basicity mold flux, and can decrease the crystallinity of the high-basicity mold flux. The method effectively controls the crystallinity of the continuous casting mold covering slag, can be applied to the modern continuous casting process, and can be used as an auxiliary means to control the crystallinity of the covering slag in real time according to the field condition, coordinate the contradiction between the continuous casting mold covering slag lubricating casting blank and the control of heat transfer, thereby ensuring the smooth continuous casting process and improving the surface quality of the casting blank.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for improving the performance of continuous casting crystallizer covering slag, in particular to a method for controlling the crystallinity of the continuous casting crystallizer covering slag by pulse current.
Background
The continuous casting crystallizer covering slag is CaO-SiO2-Al2O3As a base material, Na2O and CaF2The carbonaceous component is a silicate material of the framework material. In the continuous steel casting process, the crystallizer casting powder has the functions of heat insulation, heat preservation, absorption of floating impurities in molten steel, prevention of secondary oxidation caused by contact of a molten steel surface and air, control of lubrication and heat transfer between a casting blank and a crystallizer and the like. The use of the continuous casting crystallizer casting powder improves the surface quality of a casting blank and the stability of a continuous casting process to a great extent, and plays an important role in the continuous casting process. As shown in fig. 1, the mold flux flowing between the mold and the primary shell forms a three-layer structure of glass layer-crystalline layer-liquid slag layer. The liquid slag film has the main functions of lubricating the casting blank, reducing the friction force borne by the new blank shell and preventing bonding and steel leakage. The heat conductivity of the glass layer in the solid slag film is small, mainly radiation heat transfer, and the heat transfer of the crystal layer is mainly conducted, so that the transverse heat transfer between the crystallizer and the casting blank can be controlled by controlling the proportion of the crystal layer in the slag film structure, thereby reducing the surface defects of the casting blank and improving the surface quality of the casting blank. Therefore, the temperature of the molten metal is controlled,the contradiction of coordinated control of continuous casting crystallizer covering slag to lubricate casting blank and control of heat transfer is very important.
At present, aiming at the crystallization property of the continuous casting crystallizer casting powder, the crystallization property is mainly changed by adjusting chemical components. Researchers generally believe that as the alkalinity increases, the crystallization temperature and the crystallization rate of the mold flux increase, and the crystallization tendency of the mold flux increases, so that the crystallization performance of the mold flux can be controlled by changing the alkalinity of the mold flux. However, when the alkalinity of the mold flux is low, the crystallization rate of the mold flux is low, and a small amount of solid slag film and a large amount of liquid slag film are formed between the crystallizer and the casting blank, which is beneficial to lubricating the casting blank and is not beneficial to controlling heat transfer; when the alkalinity of the casting powder is higher, the crystallization rate of the casting powder is higher, more solid slag films and less liquid slag films are formed between the crystallizer and the casting blank, and the casting powder is beneficial to controlling heat transfer and is not beneficial to lubricating the casting blank. Related researches are also reported, and a patent (CN 101658909A) discloses crystallizer covering slag and a preparation method thereof, wherein the covering slag comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 36.09 of calcium oxide; 25.40 parts of silicon dioxide; 2.40 parts of aluminum oxide; 3.34 parts of magnesium oxide; 1.47 parts of ferric oxide; 5.00 parts of manganese carbonate; 14.00 parts of calcium fluoride; 7.30 parts of sodium oxide; 0.41 parts of lithium oxide; fixed carbon 4.59; the slag alkalinity CaO/SiO2 is 1.25-1.50. The preparation method mainly comprises the steps of processing the raw materials of the base material and the finished product of the covering slag, mixing and processing the mixture; the base material processing step A is as follows: preparing raw materials, metering the ingredients, uniformly mixing, extruding and pelletizing, naturally drying, pre-melting, crushing the base materials into powder; b, mixing the raw materials of the finished product of the protective slag, namely adding soda, manganese carbonate, lithium carbonate, fluorite, ultra-carbon black in a carbonaceous material and semi-step strength carbon black into the powder, and simultaneously adding a binder; c, the step of processing the mixture comprises the steps of stirring, grinding, granulating and drying. It can be seen that the process of the invention is complex, the components of the mold flux are complex, which is not beneficial to reducing the cost, and the crystallization property of the mold flux can not be controlled in real time according to the field situation.
The pulse current is used as a special treatment means with instantaneous high energy, and can generate certain influence on the crystallization performance of the covering slag with different alkalinity, thereby coordinating the contradiction between the continuous casting crystallizer covering slag lubricating casting blank and controlling heat transfer. More importantly, the pulse current technology can be applied to the modern continuous casting process and used as an auxiliary means to control the crystallinity of the covering slag in real time according to the field condition so as to achieve the contradiction of coordinating the continuous casting crystallizer covering slag to lubricate the casting blank and controlling the heat transfer, thereby ensuring the smooth continuous casting process and improving the surface quality of the casting blank.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for controlling the crystallinity of the mold flux of a continuous casting crystallizer by using pulse current, which is a non-traditional treatment means. The method can coordinate the contradiction between the continuous casting crystallizer casting powder lubricating the casting blank and controlling the heat transfer, thereby ensuring the smooth continuous casting process and improving the surface quality of the casting blank.
A method for controlling the crystallinity of the mold flux of a continuous casting crystallizer by using pulse current is characterized in that the mold fluxes with different alkalinity and components are subjected to pulse current treatment at room temperature, and the parameter ranges of the pulse current treatment are as follows: the frequency is 1-200 Hz, the pulse width is 20 mus-1 ms, the current is 10-200A, and the action time is 1-5 min.
Further, the specific control steps are as follows:
(1) preparing different alkalinity mold fluxes by using analytically pure medicines according to the burdening requirements of the table 1, and uniformly mixing; the alkalinity of the covering slag is 0.8 to 1.5, and CaO and Al are added before the covering slag is prepared2O3，SiO2And CaF2Placing in a muffle furnace, heating to 500 deg.C, maintaining for 15min, and removing water and volatile components;
(2) and (3) putting the prepared casting powder into a crucible, putting the crucible into a box-type furnace, heating to 1200-1300 ℃, preserving heat for 20-30 min, pouring the molten casting powder between two pure iron sheets, and simultaneously carrying out pulse current treatment. The crystallinity of the continuous casting crystallizer covering slag is controlled by pulse current, so that the contradiction between the continuous casting crystallizer covering slag lubricating casting blank and the control of heat transfer is coordinated.
Further, the parameters of the pulse current adopted for the covering slag with different alkalinity are as follows:
for the covering slag with the alkalinity of 0.9, the pulse current parameters are determined as follows: frequency 1Hz, pulse width 100 mus, current 10A, action time 2 min. For the covering slag with alkalinity of 1.0, determining pulse current parameters as follows: frequency 1Hz, pulse width 100 mus, current 15A, action time 3 min. For the covering slag with alkalinity of 1.1, determining pulse current parameters as follows: frequency 1Hz and 200Hz, pulse width 100 mus, current 25A, action time 5 min. For the covering slag with alkalinity of 1.2, determining pulse current parameters as follows: frequency 10Hz, pulse width 80 mus, current 35A, action time 5 min. For the covering slag with alkalinity of 1.3, determining pulse current parameters as follows: frequency 10Hz, pulse width 60 mus, current 50A, action time 5 min.
The pulse treatment of the molten mold flux was performed at room temperature.
Compared with the existing method for controlling the crystallization performance of the covering slag, the method can effectively control the crystallization degree of the covering slag of the continuous casting crystallizer, can be applied to the modern continuous casting process, can be used as an auxiliary means for controlling the crystallization degree of the covering slag in real time according to the field condition, coordinates the contradiction between the continuous casting crystallizer covering slag lubricating casting blank and controlling heat transfer, and accordingly ensures the smooth continuous casting process and improves the surface quality of the casting blank.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a three-layer structure of glass layer, crystallization layer and liquid slag layer formed by the mold flux flowing between the crystallizer and the primary blank shell.
FIG. 2 is a comparison of XRD patterns before and after the pulse treatment of the selected mold flux in example 1, wherein FIG. 2(a) is an XRD pattern without the pulse treatment and FIG. 2(b) is an XRD pattern after the pulse treatment.
FIG. 3 is a comparison of XRD patterns before and after the pulse treatment of the selected mold flux in example 2, in which FIG. 3(a) is an XRD pattern without the pulse treatment and FIG. 3(b) is an XRD pattern after the pulse treatment.
FIG. 4 is a comparison of XRD patterns before and after the pulse treatment of the selected mold flux in example 3, in which FIG. 4(a) is an XRD pattern without the pulse treatment, and FIGS. 4(b) and (c) are XRD patterns after the pulse treatment.
Detailed Description
TABLE 1
| Numbering | CaO | SiO2 | Al2O3 | MgO | Na2O | F | B2O3 | Li2O | R(CaO/SiO2) |
| 1# | 30.00 | 33.30 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 10.0 | 6.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.9 |
| 2# | 31.65 | 31.64 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 10.0 | 6.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| 3# | 33.16 | 30.14 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 10.0 | 6.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.1 |
| 4# | 34.53 | 28.77 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 10.0 | 6.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.2 |
| 5# | 35.78 | 27.52 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 10.0 | 6.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.3 |
Example 1:
in this example, the mold flux having basicity of 0.9 was subjected to pulse current treatment. The method comprises the following specific steps:
the first step is as follows: and (3) putting the prepared casting powder into a crucible, putting the crucible into a box-type furnace, heating to 1200-1300 ℃, and preserving heat for 20-30 min.
The second step is that: taking out the crucible by using refractory tongs, pouring the molten casting powder between two pure iron sheets, simultaneously adjusting pulse parameters to 1Hz, 100 mus and 10A, and carrying out pulse current treatment for 2 min.
The third step: the crystallinity of the casting powder film after the pulse current treatment was characterized by XRD and compared with that of a sample which was not subjected to the pulse current treatment. As shown in fig. 2, the mold flux having basicity of 0.9 was improved in crystallinity by 26.5% by the pulse current treatment method of the present invention.
Example 2:
in this example, the mold flux having basicity of 1.0 was subjected to pulse current treatment. The method comprises the following specific steps:
the first step is as follows: and (3) putting the prepared casting powder into a crucible, putting the crucible into a box-type furnace, heating to 1200-1300 ℃, and preserving heat for 20-30 min.
The second step is that: taking out the crucible by using refractory tongs, pouring the molten casting powder between two pure iron sheets, simultaneously adjusting pulse parameters to be 1Hz, 100 mus and 15A, and carrying out pulse current treatment for 3 min.
The third step: the crystallinity of the casting powder film after the pulse current treatment was characterized by XRD and compared with that of a sample which was not subjected to the pulse current treatment. As shown in fig. 3, the mold flux having basicity of 1.0 was improved in crystallinity by 30% by the pulse current treatment method of the present invention.
Example 3:
in this example, the mold flux having basicity of 1.1 was subjected to pulse current treatment. The method comprises the following specific steps:
the first step is as follows: and (3) putting the prepared casting powder into a crucible, putting the crucible into a box-type furnace, heating to 1200-1300 ℃, and preserving heat for 20-30 min.
The second step is that: taking out the crucible with refractory tongs, pouring molten casting powder between two pure iron sheets, adjusting pulse parameters to 1Hz, 100 mus and 25A, and performing pulse current treatment for 5 min.
The third step: the crystallinity of the casting powder film after the pulse current treatment was characterized by XRD and compared with that of a sample which was not subjected to the pulse current treatment. As shown in FIG. 4, the mold flux having basicity of 1.1 was reduced in crystallinity by 27.3% (as shown in FIG. 4 (b)) and 3.5% (as shown in FIG. 4 (c)), respectively, after the pulse current treatment method of the present invention was applied.
In this example, the mold flux having basicity of 1.2 was subjected to pulse current treatment. The method comprises the following specific steps:
the first step is as follows: and (3) putting the prepared casting powder into a crucible, putting the crucible into a box-type furnace, heating to 1200-1300 ℃, and preserving heat for 20-30 min.
The second step is that: taking out the crucible by using refractory tongs, pouring the molten casting powder between two pure iron sheets, simultaneously adjusting pulse parameters to 10Hz, 80 mus and 35A, and carrying out pulse current treatment for 5 min.
The third step: the crystallinity of the casting powder film after the pulse current treatment was characterized by XRD and compared with that of a sample which was not subjected to the pulse current treatment. After the pulse current treatment method is adopted, the crystallinity of the covering slag with the alkalinity of 1.2 is reduced by 31.3 percent.
In this example, the mold flux having basicity of 1.3 was subjected to pulse current treatment. The method comprises the following specific steps:
the first step is as follows: and (3) putting the prepared casting powder into a crucible, putting the crucible into a box-type furnace, heating to 1200-1300 ℃, and preserving heat for 20-30 min.
The second step is that: taking out the crucible by using refractory tongs, pouring the molten casting powder between two pure iron sheets, simultaneously adjusting pulse parameters to 10Hz, 60 mus and 50A, and carrying out pulse current treatment for 5 min.
The third step: the crystallinity of the casting powder film after the pulse current treatment was characterized by XRD and compared with that of a sample which was not subjected to the pulse current treatment. After the pulse current treatment method is adopted, the crystallinity of the covering slag with the alkalinity of 1.3 is reduced by 33.7 percent.
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited thereto and that various changes in the details of construction and operation, and equivalents thereof, may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (2)
1. A method for controlling the crystallinity of the mold flux of a continuous casting crystallizer by using pulse current is characterized in that the mold fluxes with different alkalinity and components are subjected to pulse current treatment at room temperature, and the parameter ranges of the pulse current treatment are as follows: the frequency is 1-200 Hz, the pulse width is 20 mus-1 ms, the current is 10-200A, and the action time is 1-5 min;
the method for controlling the crystallinity of the mold flux of the continuous casting crystallizer by using the pulse current is characterized in that the crystallinity of the mold flux is controlled in real time according to the field condition;
the preparation method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) preparing protective slag with different alkalinity by using analytically pure medicines according to the material proportioning requirement, and uniformly mixing; the alkalinity of the covering slag is 0.8 to 1.5, and CaO and Al are added before the covering slag is prepared2O3，SiO2And CaF2Placing in a muffle furnace, heating to 500 deg.C, maintaining for 15min, and removing water and volatile components;
(2) and (2) putting the prepared casting powder into a crucible, putting the crucible into a box furnace, heating to 1200-1300 ℃, preserving heat for 20-30 min, pouring the molten casting powder between two pure iron sheets, and simultaneously carrying out pulse current treatment.
2. The method for controlling the crystallinity of mold flux of a continuous casting mold using a pulse current according to claim 1, wherein the pulse current parameters for mold fluxes of different basicities are:
for the covering slag with the alkalinity of 0.9, the pulse current parameters are determined as follows: frequency 1Hz, pulse width 100 mus, current 10A, action time 2 min;
for the covering slag with alkalinity of 1.0, determining pulse current parameters as follows: frequency 1Hz, pulse width 100 mus, current 15A, action time 3 min;
for the covering slag with alkalinity of 1.1, determining pulse current parameters as follows: frequency 1Hz or 200Hz, pulse width 100 mus, current 25A, action time 5 min;
for the covering slag with alkalinity of 1.2, determining pulse current parameters as follows: frequency 10Hz, pulse width 80 mus, current 35A, action time 5 min;
for the covering slag with alkalinity of 1.3, determining pulse current parameters as follows: frequency 10Hz, pulse width 60 mus, current 50A, action time 5 min.
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| CN107622726A (en) * | 2017-10-09 | 2018-01-23 | 中南大学 | Covering slag crystallization and the analogue means and method of Heat transfer in a kind of lower continuous cast mold of electric pulse effect |
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| KR100354314B1 (en) * | 1999-12-30 | 2002-09-28 | 스톨베르그 앤드 삼일 주식회사 | A method of measuring a crystallization ratio of the mold flux |
| KR100623908B1 (en) * | 2004-06-23 | 2006-09-19 | 스톨베르그 앤드 삼일 주식회사 | Fluorine-free mold flux for the continuous casting of steel and method for producing the same |
| CN101502871B (en) * | 2009-02-27 | 2012-05-23 | 济南钢铁股份有限公司 | Cogged ingot continuous casting crystallizer protecting slag and preparation method thereof |
| CN104155329A (en) * | 2014-08-12 | 2014-11-19 | 重庆大学 | Continuous casting crystallizer protection slag solidification crystallization property test method |
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| CN107622726A (en) * | 2017-10-09 | 2018-01-23 | 中南大学 | Covering slag crystallization and the analogue means and method of Heat transfer in a kind of lower continuous cast mold of electric pulse effect |
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