CN108745211B - Catalyst filling device of plate reactor - Google Patents
Catalyst filling device of plate reactor Download PDFInfo
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- CN108745211B CN108745211B CN201810898207.3A CN201810898207A CN108745211B CN 108745211 B CN108745211 B CN 108745211B CN 201810898207 A CN201810898207 A CN 201810898207A CN 108745211 B CN108745211 B CN 108745211B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/0015—Feeding of the particles in the reactor; Evacuation of the particles out of the reactor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
- B01J8/0207—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid flow within the bed being predominantly horizontal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/00743—Feeding or discharging of solids
- B01J2208/00752—Feeding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/02—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor with stationary particles
- B01J2208/021—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor with stationary particles comprising a plurality of beds with flow of reactants in parallel
- B01J2208/022—Plate-type reactors filled with granular catalyst
Abstract
The invention relates to a plate reactor catalyst filling device, which comprises a feeder (1), wherein a hose of the feeder (1) stretches into a plate-to-plate channel of a plate reactor, the filling device further comprises a catalyst distributor, a catalyst speed reducer and a synchronous electric winch (4), the catalyst distributor and the catalyst speed reducer are arranged in the plate-to-plate channel and are connected with the synchronous electric winch (4), and the catalyst speed reducer is arranged below the catalyst distributor; the feeder (1) inputs the catalyst into the channels between the plates through the hose, falls on the catalyst distributor, falls on the catalyst reducer after distribution, and fills the channels between the plates after deceleration. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages of high catalyst filling efficiency, uniformity, difficult crushing, pulverization and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a catalyst filling device for a plate type fixed bed reactor, which is mainly applied to catalyst filling in industrial production of petroleum, chemical industry and the like.
Background
With the development of the chemical industry towards the aim of energy conservation and high efficiency, taking a tubular reactor as an example, the filling quality of the catalyst plays a vital role in the industrial production efficiency. Compared with a tubular reactor, the plate reactor has the advantages in the aspect of catalyst filling rate, the volume of the reactor is correspondingly reduced, and the method is more in line with the development trend of the chemical industry.
The traditional catalyst filling method mainly adopts natural filling, and the catalyst is filled into the reactor through a cloth bag no matter a tubular reactor or a plate reactor. In the filling process, the cloth bag stretches into the bottom of the reactor, the catalyst is gradually poured into the reactor, and operators can only stand on the top of the tube array or the plate sheet all the time. Although the natural filling method is simple to operate and low in cost, the following defects exist: the cloth bag filling has low filling speed and low efficiency, and the catalyst is easy to break, the catalyst bed layer is partially collapsed, channeling, drift and the like in the filling process; the filling of the cloth bags can not ensure the consistency of the filling of the catalyst in each channel, so that the reaction among the channels is uneven and the temperature control is difficult.
Currently CN105126709B and CN102989376B disclose catalyst loading devices that are only suitable for tubular reactors. However, in the case of the plate-type reactor, the aspect ratio of the plate to the cross-sectional area of the channel is large, so that the catalyst is not uniformly filled in the radial direction of the cross-sectional area of the channel, the filling amount is small, the reaction temperature is uneven, and the damage such as excessive side reactions and temperature runaway is generated. Different types of plate reactors, such as axial reactors, have irregular plate-to-channel cross sections, and the tube array reactor catalyst loading device cannot meet the loading requirements of the plate reactors. The catalyst filling device for the plate-type fixed bed reactor is very rare, but the catalyst filling device for the plate-type reactor is also important, and the normal operation of the reactor is directly influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide the plate reactor catalyst filling device with high filling efficiency and uniform filling.
The aim of the invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme: the catalyst filling device of the plate reactor comprises a feeder (1), wherein a hose of the feeder (1) stretches into a plate-to-plate channel of the plate reactor, and is characterized by further comprising a catalyst distributor, a catalyst speed reducer and a synchronous electric winch (4), wherein the catalyst distributor and the catalyst speed reducer are arranged in the plate-to-plate channel and are connected with the synchronous electric winch (4), and the catalyst speed reducer is arranged below the catalyst distributor; the feeder (1) inputs the catalyst into the channels between the plates through the hose, falls on the catalyst distributor, falls on the catalyst reducer after distribution, and fills the channels between the plates after deceleration.
The catalyst distributor comprises special-shaped distribution plates (3) with different shapes, different opening forms and arrangement and vibrating springs (22) arranged on two sides of the special-shaped distribution plates, and the special-shaped distribution plates (3) are connected with the synchronous electric winch (4) through the vibrating springs (22).
The special-shaped distribution plate (3) is provided with a plurality of openings (31), and the opening ratio is 10-85% according to the physical property of the catalyst.
According to different forms of the plate type fixed bed reactor, such as an axial reactor, a radial reactor and the like, various irregular polygons such as rectangles, sectors, triangles and the like can appear in the cross section area of the channel, a special-shaped distribution plate conforming to the shape of the channel is selected, and the shape of the special-shaped distribution plate (3) comprises the rectangles, sectors, triangles and the like; the size of the opening (31) is selected from diamond, triangle or square with the size of 3-30 mm according to the shape of the catalyst and the size of xiao Chang, and the opening ratio is preferably 30-60%.
The size of the opening is selected from round, square and other shapes with the size of 3-30 mm according to the shape of the catalyst and the size of xiao Chang. And selecting springs with proper hardness according to the vibration frequency and the vibration amplitude of the required special-shaped distribution plate, wherein the vibration frequency of the special-shaped distribution plate (3) is 1-10 Hz, and the vibration amplitude is 0.5-5 times of the diameter of the catalyst.
The catalyst speed reducer consists of a plurality of groups of special-shaped brushes (5) with different bristle arrangements, length, softness and hardness degrees and density degrees and vibration springs at two sides of the special-shaped brushes, wherein the special-shaped brushes (5) are connected with a synchronous electric winch (4) through the vibration springs at two sides of the special-shaped brushes, the vibration frequency of the special-shaped brushes (5) is 1-10 Hz, and the vibration amplitude is 0.5-5 times of the diameter of the catalyst.
The multiple groups of special-shaped hairbrushes (5) are in different arrangement forms such as spiral forms, double-spiral forms or parallel forms, the bristle spacing is 1.5-10 times of the diameter of the catalyst, the bristle length is 1-5 mm smaller than that of the channels between the plates, the softness is determined by the structural form and the materials of the bristles, the materials are harder, such as elastic steel wires, nylon and the like, and the materials are softer, such as bristles and fibers and the like, the cross section of the special-shaped hairbrushes (5) is rectangular, trapezoidal or rhombic, and the structural form is a spring-shaped, columnar or porous form. When the catalyst is easy to break and pulverize, the hairbrush with softer bristles and denser arrangement is selected.
The axial projection areas of the special-shaped distribution plate (3) and the special-shaped hairbrush (5) are equivalent to the cross section shape and the size of the channel between the plates, the catalyst added from the feeder is all dropped on the special-shaped distribution plate (3), and the catalyst uniformly drops from the open holes (31) through the vibration of the special-shaped distribution plate (3), is buffered and decelerated through the special-shaped hairbrush (5), prevents crushing and pulverization, and is finally uniformly filled in the channel between the plates.
And synchronous electric winches (4) are respectively arranged on two sides of the upper part of each inter-plate channel and are respectively connected with a catalyst distributor and a catalyst decelerator which are arranged in the inter-plate channel, the rotating speeds of the synchronous electric winches (4) and the feeder (1) are synchronously controlled, and then the catalyst decelerator which is arranged in the inter-plate channel is lifted and lowered synchronously, so that the distance between the catalyst decelerator and the top of the catalyst bed is 250-750 mm.
The feeding machine (1) is erected on a simple guide rail above each plate bundle of the plate reactor, the movement is convenient, and the catalyst feeding rates of a plurality of catalyst feeding holes in the same plate-to-plate channel and different plate-to-plate channels are consistent.
The feeder (1) is connected with a feeding hopper (2) through a hose, and the catalyst is added to the catalyst distributor through the feeding hopper (2).
According to the required falling speed distribution of the catalyst, the same special-shaped distribution plate can be provided with holes with different sizes and shapes, and the arrangement is correspondingly different. Meanwhile, on the same special-shaped brush, different bristle arrangements, intervals, lengths and materials can be selected.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the catalyst filling rate is controlled, so that the catalyst filling rate of each channel is guaranteed to be the same, a plurality of channels are filled simultaneously, and the catalyst filling efficiency is improved.
2. The catalyst is ensured to uniformly fall in the channels between the plates, the natural stacking angle of the catalyst is eliminated, the partial stacking, bridging and short-circuit of reactants of the catalyst are prevented from being caused to be unreacted, the loading quantity of the catalyst is improved, and the uniformity of the reaction process in the channels is realized.
3. The falling speed of the catalyst is slowed down, the catalyst is prevented from being crashed and pulverized due to collision with the bottom of the reactor and the catalyst at high speed, and the uniformity of filling the catalyst is improved.
4. The method is suitable for plate reactors with different channel section shapes, and is also suitable for different catalyst filling rates required by the heights of catalyst beds in each channel or in the same channel.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a catalyst loading apparatus;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of a vibrating profiled distribution plate portion.
The drawing is marked: the feeding machine 1, a feeding hopper 2, a vibrating spring 22, a special-shaped distribution plate 3, an opening 31, a synchronous electric winch 4, a special-shaped hairbrush 5 and an inter-plate channel 6.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings and specific examples.
Example 1
The catalyst filling device comprises a feeder 1, a feeding hopper 2, a catalyst distributor, a catalyst reducer and a synchronous electric winch 4. The feeder 1 is connected with the hopper 2 through a hose, the hopper 2 stretches into the inter-plate channel 6, the catalyst distributor comprises a special-shaped distribution plate 3 and variable-speed vibration springs 22 on two sides of the special-shaped distribution plate, and two ends of the special-shaped distribution plate 3 are connected with the synchronous electric winch 4 through the vibration springs 22. The catalyst speed reducer comprises a special-shaped hairbrush 5 and vibrating springs, and the special-shaped hairbrush 5 is connected with a synchronous electric winch 4 through the vibrating springs at two ends of the special-shaped hairbrush. The feeder 1 is erected on a simple guide rail above the plate reactor plate bundle, and the movement is convenient. And synchronous electric winches 4 are respectively arranged on two sides of the upper part of each inter-plate channel and are respectively connected with a catalyst distributor and a catalyst reducer which are arranged in the inter-plate channel, and the synchronous control of the synchronous electric winches 4 and the rotating speed of the feeder 1 is carried out, so that the catalyst reducer which is arranged in the inter-plate channel is lifted and lowered synchronously.
In order to adapt to the cross section shape (rectangle) of the plate-to-plate channel 6 of the plate reactor, the axial projection areas of the special-shaped distribution plate 3 and the special-shaped hairbrush 5 are rectangle. Because the catalyst is a cylindrical catalyst with phi of 5mm multiplied by 5mm, the openings 31 in the middle of the special-shaped distribution plate 3 are 5-20 mm, the openings on the two sides are 10-30 mm, and a plurality of equilateral triangles are connected to form wavy arrangement. The natural stacking angle alpha of the catalyst is 25-35 degrees, and the aperture ratio of the special-shaped distribution plate 3 is 43%. The catalyst distributor uniformly distributes single-strand catalyst flow from the feeding hopper 1 in the whole inter-plate channel 6, the falling catalyst has no velocity gradient in the radial direction, the natural stacking angle of the catalyst is eliminated, and the catalyst filling rate is improved by 2-10%. The catalyst is easy to crush and pulverize, and the bristle spacing is 5-30 mm, and the catalyst is arranged in double spiral, soft bristles and soft springs. The height of the channels 6 between the plates in the plate reactor is 6.5m, 3 layers of special-shaped brushes 5 are arranged, the bristle density is reduced from top to bottom layer by layer, the falling speed of the catalyst is slowed down, the crushing and pulverization are prevented, the filling rate of the catalyst is improved by 5-15%, and the crushing and pulverization rate is reduced by 50-80%. Therefore, the catalyst loading device in the embodiment improves the catalyst loading efficiency and loading amount and improves the uniformity of catalyst loading.
Example 2
The cross section area of the inter-plate channel 6 is fan-shaped, the axial projection area of the corresponding special-shaped distribution plate 3 and the special-shaped hairbrush 5 is fan-shaped, the aperture ratio of the special-shaped distribution plate is 10%, the size of the aperture is 30mm square according to the shape of the catalyst and the size xiao Chang, the vibration frequency of the special-shaped distribution plate 3 is 1Hz, and the amplitude is 0.5 times of the diameter of the catalyst. The arrangement of the brush hairs of the special-shaped brush 5 is in a spiral form, and the distance between the brush hairs is 1.5 times of the diameter of the catalyst. The length of the brush hair is usually 1mm smaller than that of the catalyst channel, the cross section of the brush is trapezoidal, the material is hard, such as elastic steel wires, nylon and the like, and the brush hair is columnar in structure form. The vibration frequency of the special-shaped hairbrush 5 is 1Hz, and the amplitude is 0.5 times of the diameter of the catalyst. The procedure is as in example 1.
Example 3
The cross section area of the inter-plate channel 6 is triangular, the axial projection area of the corresponding special-shaped distribution plate 3 and the special-shaped hairbrush 5 is fan-shaped, the aperture ratio of the special-shaped distribution plate is 85%, the size of the aperture is 3mm round according to the shape of the catalyst and the size xiao Chang, the vibration frequency of the special-shaped distribution plate 3 is 10Hz, and the amplitude is 5 times the diameter of the catalyst. The arrangement of the brush hairs of the special-shaped brush 5 is in a parallel form, and the distance between the brush hairs is 10 times of the diameter of the catalyst. The bristle length is typically 5mm less than the catalyst channels, the cross-section of the brush is diamond-shaped, the material is selected from softer bristles, and the structure is porous. The vibration frequency of the special-shaped hairbrush 5 is 10Hz, and the amplitude is 5 times of the diameter of the catalyst. The procedure is as in example 1.
Example 4
The aperture ratio of the special-shaped distribution plate is 30%, the size of the aperture is 15mm, the vibration frequency of the special-shaped distribution plate 3 is 3Hz, and the amplitude is 1 time of the diameter of the catalyst. The bristle spacing of the special-shaped hairbrush 5 is 3 times of the diameter of the catalyst. The length of the brush hair is usually 2mm smaller than that of the catalyst channel, and vibration springs on two sides with proper hardness are selected according to the vibration frequency and vibration amplitude of the special-shaped brush, wherein the vibration frequency of the special-shaped brush 5 is 3Hz, and the vibration amplitude is 1 time of the diameter of the catalyst. The procedure is as in example 1.
Claims (7)
1. The catalyst filling device of the plate reactor comprises a feeder (1), wherein a hose of the feeder (1) stretches into a plate-to-plate channel of the plate reactor, and is characterized by further comprising a catalyst distributor, a catalyst speed reducer and a synchronous electric winch (4), wherein the catalyst distributor and the catalyst speed reducer are arranged in the plate-to-plate channel and are connected with the synchronous electric winch (4), and the catalyst speed reducer is arranged below the catalyst distributor; the catalyst is input into the channels between the plates by the feeder (1) through a hose, falls on the catalyst distributor, falls on the catalyst reducer after being distributed, and is filled in the channels between the plates after being decelerated;
the catalyst distributor comprises a special-shaped distribution plate (3) and vibrating springs (22) arranged on two sides of the special-shaped distribution plate, and the special-shaped distribution plate (3) is connected with a synchronous electric winch (4) through the vibrating springs (22); the special-shaped distribution plate (3) is provided with a plurality of holes (31), the aperture ratio is 10% -85%, and the size of the holes (31) is 3-30 mm;
the catalyst speed reducer consists of a plurality of groups of special-shaped hairbrushes (5) and vibration springs at two sides of the special-shaped hairbrushes (5), the special-shaped hairbrushes (5) are connected with a synchronous electric winch (4) through the vibration springs at two sides of the special-shaped hairbrushes, the vibration frequency of the special-shaped hairbrushes (5) is 1-10 Hz, the vibration amplitude is 0.5-5 times of the diameter of the catalyst, and the axial projection areas of the special-shaped distribution plates (3) and the special-shaped hairbrushes (5) are equivalent to the cross section shape and the size of a channel between the plates.
2. The filling device for the plate reactor catalyst according to claim 1, wherein the special-shaped distribution plate (3) is a distribution plate with different shapes, different opening forms and arrangement according to the form of the plate fixed bed reactor, and the special-shaped distribution plate (3) is rectangular, fan-shaped or triangular; the openings (31) are arranged in a diamond shape, a triangle shape or a square shape, and the aperture ratio is preferably 30% -60%.
3. The plate reactor catalyst loading device according to claim 1, wherein the vibration frequency of the irregularly-shaped distribution plate (3) is 1-10 hz, and the amplitude is 0.5-5 times of the diameter of the catalyst.
4. The filling device for the plate reactor catalyst according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of groups of special-shaped brushes (5) are in a spiral form, a double-spiral form or a parallel form, the bristle spacing is 1.5-10 times of the diameter of the catalyst, the bristle length is 1-5 mm smaller than the inter-plate channel, the bristle material is elastic steel wires, nylon, bristles or fibers, the cross section of the special-shaped brushes (5) is rectangular, trapezoidal or rhombic, and the structural form is a spring form, a column form or a porous form.
5. The plate reactor catalyst loading device according to claim 1, wherein synchronous electric winches (4) are respectively arranged at two sides of the upper part of each plate channel, are respectively connected with a catalyst distributor and a catalyst decelerator which are arranged in the plate channel, synchronously control the rotating speeds of the synchronous electric winches (4) and the feeder (1), and further synchronously lift and lower the catalyst decelerator which is arranged in the plate channel, so that the distance between the catalyst decelerator and the top of the catalyst bed is 250-750 mm.
6. The filling device for the plate reactor catalyst according to claim 1, wherein the feeder (1) is arranged on a simple guide rail above each plate bundle of the plate reactor, the movement is convenient, and the catalyst feeding rates of a plurality of catalyst feeding inlets in the same plate channel and different plate channels are consistent.
7. A loading apparatus for a plate reactor catalyst according to claim 1, wherein the feeder (1) is connected to a hopper (2) by a hose, and the catalyst is added to the catalyst distributor through the hopper (2).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810898207.3A CN108745211B (en) | 2018-08-08 | 2018-08-08 | Catalyst filling device of plate reactor |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810898207.3A CN108745211B (en) | 2018-08-08 | 2018-08-08 | Catalyst filling device of plate reactor |
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| CN108745211A CN108745211A (en) | 2018-11-06 |
| CN108745211B true CN108745211B (en) | 2023-09-01 |
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| CN111495187B (en) * | 2020-04-26 | 2022-03-25 | 安徽顺达环保科技股份有限公司 | Non-stop replacement device and method for dry desulfurization and denitrification catalyst |
| CN112934137A (en) * | 2021-01-28 | 2021-06-11 | 常州飞达新材料科技有限公司 | Multi-layer packed bed micro-reactor for benzocaine and reaction method |
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