CN1087409C

CN1087409C - Improvements in drive systems

Info

Publication number: CN1087409C
Application number: CN96108518A
Authority: CN
Inventors: S·M·霍治
Original assignee: Concentric Pumps Ltd
Current assignee: Concentric Pumps Ltd
Priority date: 1996-07-05
Filing date: 1996-07-05
Publication date: 2002-07-10
Anticipated expiration: 2016-07-05
Also published as: CN1170085A

Abstract

The present invention relates to a hydrostatic transmission device which comprises a pump and a motor, wherein the pump is a rotary pump which is provided with an annular body or a rotor; the rotor is divided into two components with different length in an axial direction. The transmission device is also provided with a device for causing one component to rotate correspondingly to the other component. Disclosed in a picture 6, the rotor component 66 is longer than the rotor component 64 and is supported on a lining sleeve 76 on the shaft 78 in a bearing way. The shaft 78 can be driven by a rail bar, a pinion, etc. to rotate. When the rotation is carried out, the phase positions of the rotor components 64, 66 are dislocated. The volume of fluids conveyed by the pump is firstly reduced to zero, and then is increased in a reverse direction to the minor output quantity.

Description

Improved transmission device

The present invention relates to be mainly used in the transmission device of the vehicle that can handle in the side walking resemble the mowing machine.This transmission device requires and can drive forwards with adjustable-speed, and an intermediateness and can be preferably driving forwards low speed is arranged, and preferably also is that adjustable speed is to rear driving.

Hydrostatic transmission is well-known, and it comprises an oil hydraulic pump that fluid is provided to motor.This transmission device can manufacture with adjustable-speed and drive, and for example provides this driving by the mode of using a rotating sloping disk type oil hydraulic pump and changing the angle of wobbler.If the use control valve just can circulate segment fluid flow to reservoir, for example the valve that connects by conversion can provide this reverse direction actuation.But according to the knowledge of the applicant, all these devices are all too expensive for mowing machine etc.

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of adjustable-speed, hydrostatic transmission that cost is low.

Prior art patent GB 690528-A suggestion uses rotary pump (gerotor pump) and motor as the hydrostatic transmissions device.The special device of lid labor has one and is bearing in the pump housing with bearing and is foliated ring body around the inboard that first axle rotates, and is set in the ring body around second parallel rotation with the protruding foliaceous rotor of a few blade.The blade of the blade contact ring body of rotor, perhaps near contacting them, and when two parts rotate in the same direction but with friction speed, the a series of chambers that form between at interval at inboard blade are around rotational, change (increases) volume and reduce volume in the first half revolutions in the second half turn round.In the first half revolutions, these chambers for example suck fluid from reservoir, then fluid are discharged to motor in the second half revolutions, so that drive it.

According to mentioned prior art patent GB 690528A, the ring body of pump is arranged in the interior eccentric hoop of the pump housing, and this eccentric hoop can move, and so just has to change the effect of an axis with respect to the degree of eccentricity of another axis.That is explained in the patent as described is such, and one 90 ° gear shift can reduce to zero fluid state from carrying whole fluids with pump, and in the 2 90 ° of gear shift of following, flow can increase, and to equate and opposite effect counterrotating.

According to the present invention, a kind of hydrostatic transmissions device comprises a rotary pump, this pump has its endless belt or its protruding blade-shaped rotor, but both do not split into the individual components of two different lengths in the axial direction, and provide and be used to make parts to produce the device of angle rotation with respect to another parts.

The blade of aiming at the blade make on the parts and another parts on the angle when these two parts is on the equal angular position and the eccentric part of axis during in extremity, pump can be carried the fluid of whole volume in one direction, and when parts rotate mutually, the fluid volume of being carried by pump can be reduced to zero, and when continuing motion, mobile direction can be inverted to a different maximum value.

This is because these two parts have unequal length, this can cause peak rate of flow in one direction different with peak rate of flow on another direction, its reason will be described in detail below, drive forwards slow possibility thereby provided reverse direction actuation.

Though within the scope of the invention,, but also better simply structure can be arranged can ring body or rotor are moved in the opposite direction, if particularly axially long in two parts be those parts that move with respect to another.

Referring now to accompanying drawing one embodiment of the present of invention are described in detail, wherein:

Fig. 1-the 5th, schematic representation, they show covers the special position component of labor and is on the different aligned positions; With

Fig. 6 is the sectional elevation drawing of rotary pump that forms the parts of a hydrostatic transmission.

Hydrostatic transmission of the present invention comprises a pump (Fig. 1-6) and a motor.A conventional reservoir that is used for hydraulic fluid can also be arranged, and hydraulic fluid from the reservoir sucking-off, and flows to motor by pump, is back in the reservoir from motor then.This motor can also be a rotary pump, but has the better simply structure of an independent rotor and ring body and a pair of matching hole, roughly is similar to the shown in Figure 1 of accompanying drawing.

Rotary pump as shown in Figure 1 comprises that one (in this example) has six integrated type ring bodies 10 and the rotor 12 with five blades that blade is independent.This rotor is bearing on the axle 14 with bearing, and ring body then is bearing on the axle 24.Pair of

openings

16,18 is passed the end wall of the pump housing, and this pump housing has columnar cavity so that bearing type ground supporting ring body 10 rotates, and this leads to a series of chambers that form between blade to opening.

Referring to motor shown in Figure 1, rotor is an independent integral blade shape part.If hydraulic fluid is supplied with by opening 16, hydraulic fluid will drive these parts on the arrow A direction, in one and half revolutions from opening 16 by the time chamber that forms between blade volume can increase, and the second half revolutions from the opening 18 of discharging fluid by the time, its volume then can reduce.Plane P P comprises coordinate axes and separates two and half revolutions.

Should be noted that rotor is fastening with the axle 20 that is bearing in the bearing mode in the pump housing, this is to drive mowing machine or other live axles by hydrostatic device device driven.

But, use various dissimilar oil hydraulic motors also within the scope of the invention.

Now the pump that hydraulic fluid is provided is described.See also Fig. 6 earlier, this figure is the sectional view of rotary pump.This pump comprises that one independent is bearing in ring body 60 in the pump housing 62 in the bearing mode, has six blades with pump the same (in this embodiment) shown in Figure 1.In the ring body scope is a pair of axial arranged, promptly end-to-

end rotor part

64,66, and they have five blades in this embodiment.Rotor part 64 is fastening with live axle 68, this live axle 68 is bearing in the bearing shell 70 in the bearing mode, and for example be equipped with and this be connected to a driving gear 72 on the main thruster through a drive train, this main thruster generally can be a battery-driven motor, one by power-actuated motor, a petrol engine etc.Main thruster generally is maybe can be with steerable top speed with constant speed, is activated on same direction, can be controlled by hydrostatic device from the driving output that pump obtains at last.

Rotor 66 is bearing in the bearing shell 74 in the bearing mode, and this bearing shell 74 is by taking and holding be bearing in axle 78 fastening eccentric shafts 76 in the pump housing in the bearing mode, but axle 78 is positioned to deflection on angle.In this specific embodiment, axle 78 can be locked on the small gear 82 at label 80 place's keys, and this small gear 82 is positioned to and can orders about its rotation by worm screw 84, and perhaps another kind of method is that small gear can mesh with a rail bar that extends along tangent line.If use rail bar, this rail bar can be deflected on the limit position by spring-loaded, and a bowden wire (the steel wire sleeve drag-line) controller that can be stretched out by the personal control from the handgrip of mowing machine etc. for example, operating link group etc. makes it depart from from this position.

The pump housing comprises that in this example this will be described below through the

arc chamber

86,88 of opening and inner cavity chamber's spatial communication.Chamber 86 for example will be connected on the storage, and chamber 88 is connected on the motor, or vice versa, and this depends on the driving direction of axle 68.

Please pay special attention to the axial length of parts 66 now with respect to parts 64.In fact, one of them parts is long than another parts.In the illustrated embodiment, rotor 66 is four times of length of rotor 64, that is to say, 80% of the length of rotor is provided by parts 66, the 20%th, provide by parts 64.Other ratio also is fine.

Now referring to accompanying drawing 1 to 5, still, regard these accompanying drawings as the view of pump rather than the accompanying drawing of motor (under the situation of Fig. 1).Should be noted that the ring body 60 among Fig. 6 is to be equivalent to ring body 18 among Fig. 1, and rotor 64,66th, be equivalent to the rotor 24 among Fig. 1.Axle 68 is equivalent to axle 20, and opening 16,18 opens wide from chamber 86,88.In this, Fig. 1 shows the rotor part of two alignings, that is to say it is homophase, thereby their blade is to be in same angular dependence mutually.

Use small gear 82 can make eccentric shaft 76 around its rotational, this axis also is the rotation axis of ring body.That is to say.The axis of axle 78 is the axis 24 that are equivalent among Fig. 1.The axis of axle 68 is to be equivalent to Fig. 1 medial axis 14.And the axis of Fig. 1 and 6 rotors 66 and rotor 64 be same, promptly is in point 14 places among Fig. 1.But when axle 78 rotated, the axis of parts 66 can depart from and not overlap with point 14 among Fig. 1, but swing is by a series of positions by 40 signs of the label among Fig. 2-5.As can be seen, in the motion from Fig. 1 to Fig. 5, this motion equals 180 ° gear shift of axle 78, and axis 40 moves to a relative side of the axis 24 that is among Fig. 5 from the position with 14 coincidences of Fig. 1 mid point.When doing this motion, rotor part will move successively and misplace.

The pump of Fig. 6 can be regarded the general output with the output quantity that is equivalent to two pumps as, and these two pumps are fully homophase or aligning as shown in Figure 1 sometimes, and other the time, then be in the dislocation in various degree shown in Fig. 2-5.These two pumps are equivalent to the pump among Fig. 6, and this pump along plane X X separately.Comprise the maximum output that the right side part of rotor 64 and ring body length 20% has possibility in one direction, this output quantity is from 1/4th of other desirable available output quantities of pump parts, these desirable pump parts comprise the ring body part in rotor 66 and plane XX left side, because rotor and pump are four times of size of other parts.Therefore, if their boths carry the full volumetric flow on same direction, output quantity is exactly 100%, and is promptly maximum.If their boths carry the full volumetric flow, but carry round about, shown in the clean output quantity of pump be peaked 60%.Because it is the bigger pump parts of volume, on the direction of these parts by the angle gear shift of rotor axis is transformable, therefore, 60% flow is on the opposite direction of the flow direction of 100% flow, in one case promptly, 20% flow is in one direction, and 80% flow is on same direction, obtains 20+80=100.Under other situation, 20% flow is in one direction, and 80% flow is in the opposite direction, obtains 20-80=-60, or 60% flow volume, but is rightabout.Therefore, the hydrostatic transmissions device for example will have theoretic maximum drive speed when driving forwards, and the top speed that is had in the opposite direction just drives forwards 60% of maximum drive speed under the pattern.

And, should be noted that, moving to the motion of less maximum drive speed in the opposite direction from one direction maximum drive speed, exist one to make and carry the null point of liquid volume.This is called as the neutral position with regard to hydrostatic transmission.

The device that is used to axle 78 is rotated can be a gear shifting type, so that be provided at the position of stopping easily under the full and half speed that for example drives forwards, and also has the neutral position.

Though the present invention is illustrated in conjunction with the ring body that has than the many blades of rotor, but, bigger difference on the blade quantity also is fine, be included in ring body and have situation than the how plural blade of rotor, for example on ring body 5, have 7 blades, and on each rotor part, have 5 blades, still, these numerals are illustrative purely.

Claims

1. hydrostatic transmission, it comprises a rotary pump of hydraulic fluid being provided for a motor, and wherein, this rotary pump has a ring body (60) and protruding blade-shaped rotor (64 that mutually combines, 66), described protruding blade-shaped rotor (64,66) is divided into independently parts (64,66) of length different two in the axial direction, this rotary pump and being provided with is used to device (78 that parts are changed on angle with respect to another parts, 80,82,84).

2. hydrostatic transmission as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: rotor (64,66) divide in the axial direction and split, two parts (64,66) axially short first parts (64) in are bearing on the fixed axis in the bearing mode, and the long parts (66) in two parts (64,66) are positioned to variable.

3. hydrostatic transmission as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: long parts (66) are bearing in one in the bearing mode and are contained in an eccentric shaft (76 in the described parts, 78) on the lining on (74), and provide and be used to make the device (80,82) of axle by angular turn.

4. the described hydrostatic transmission of each claim as described above, it is characterized in that: this hydrostatic transmission provides and drives forwards, intermediateness and reverse direction actuation.