CN108739410B

CN108739410B - Portable milking device

Info

Publication number: CN108739410B
Application number: CN201810590182.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 许正
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2018-06-08
Filing date: 2018-06-08
Publication date: 2021-07-30
Anticipated expiration: 2038-06-08
Also published as: CN108739410A

Abstract

The invention discloses a portable milking device, which belongs to the field of agricultural machinery and is characterized in that: comprises a milk barrel, a piston, a lower plate, an upper plate, a milk cup, a milk tube and a spring; one end of the milk pipe is connected with a plurality of milking cups, and the other end of the milk pipe is connected with the bottom of the side wall of the milk barrel; the piston is positioned in the milk barrel; a piston rod is fixedly arranged above the piston; the lower plate is positioned above the piston, and the piston rod penetrates through a vertical hole of the lower plate; the upper end and the lower end of the first spring are respectively fixed on the lower plate and the piston; the upper plate is positioned above the lower plate, and a third spring is arranged between the upper plate and the lower plate; the handle is fixedly arranged on the upper side surface of the upper plate, and the upper plate can be pulled to move through the handle. Compared with the prior art can convenient efficient milking.

Description

Portable milking device

Technical Field

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to a portable milking machine.

Background

The milk and dairy products such as the milk, the goat milk and the like have rich nutrition and delicious taste, and are one of important foods for people. Milking is one of the important links of milk food production, and because the manual milking mode is time-consuming and labor-consuming and low in efficiency, more and more farmers adopt mechanical equipment to milk. At present, milking equipment comprises a negative pressure generating device driven by an engine, the structure is complex, the cost is high, the equipment is suitable for large-scale farmers, and for small-scale farmers, a large amount of manual milking modes are still adopted in consideration of the cost; in addition, the requirements of some farmers on field grazing and field milking cannot be well met by the conventional milking equipment.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical task of the invention is to provide a portable milking device aiming at the defects of the prior art.

The technical scheme for solving the technical problem is as follows: a portable milking device is characterized in that: comprises a milk barrel, a piston, a lower plate, an upper plate, a milk cup, a milk tube and a spring; one end of the milk pipe is connected with a plurality of milking cups, the other end of the milk pipe is connected with the bottom of the side wall of the milk barrel, and valves are arranged on the milk pipe or the milking cups; the middle lower part of the outer side of the milking cup is a hard cup-shaped shell with openings at the upper end and the lower end, and the inner side surface of the milking cup is a flexible cylindrical lining with certain elasticity and openings at the upper end and the lower end; a sealed annular interlayer is formed between the shell and the lining, and negative pressure air is filled in the interlayer; the middle upper part of the lining is provided with a series of vertical rod-shaped structures which are arranged circumferentially around the central axis of the milking cup; the lower part of the inner side surface of the milk barrel is a smooth cylindrical surface, the upper half part of the inner side surface is provided with a series of annular ratchets, and the teeth of the ratchets are inclined downwards; the piston is positioned in the milk barrel, and sealing can be realized between the piston and a smooth surface on the inner wall of the milk barrel; a piston rod is fixedly arranged above the piston; the diameter of the end part of the upper end of the piston rod is larger than that of the main body part of the piston rod, and the upper end part of the piston is connected with the main body through an inverted conical surface; the lower plate is positioned in the milk barrel, a vertical hole penetrating through the lower plate is formed in the middle of the lower plate above the piston, and the piston rod penetrates through the vertical hole; the piston rod is sleeved with a first spring which is in a stretching state, and the upper end and the lower end of the first spring are respectively fixed on the lower plate and the piston; a series of first horizontal holes radially distributed around the vertical holes are formed in the lower plate, the first horizontal holes are communicated with the vertical holes and the side face of the lower plate, the cross section of each first horizontal hole is rectangular, and an inward protruding inner flange structure is arranged at an opening at the outer end of each first horizontal hole; a first horizontal rod is arranged in the first horizontal hole, the inner end and the outer end of the first horizontal rod are respectively exposed out of the two ends of the first horizontal hole, and the end part of the inner end of the first horizontal rod is of a quadrangular prism structure matched with the cross section shape of the first horizontal hole, so that the horizontal rod can be prevented from rotating; a second spring is sleeved on the first horizontal rod, and two ends of the second spring are respectively propped against the inner flange of the first horizontal hole and the inner end part of the first horizontal rod; inclined planes are respectively arranged on the upper edge of the inner end of the first horizontal rod and the lower edge of the outer end of the first horizontal rod, so that the outer end forms a sharp corner and can be clamped in the ratchets on the wall of the milk barrel; the upper plate is positioned above the lower plate, a third spring is arranged between the upper plate and the lower plate, the third spring is in a stretching state, and the upper end and the lower end of the third spring are respectively fixed on the upper plate and the lower plate; a groove with an opening at the lower end is arranged in the middle of the lower side surface of the upper plate; two second horizontal holes which are symmetrically distributed are arranged in the upper plate and are communicated with the side surface of the upper plate and the groove; a second horizontal rod is arranged in the second horizontal hole, the inner end and the outer end of the second horizontal rod are respectively exposed out of the two ends of the second horizontal hole, and an outer flange protruding outwards is arranged at the end part of the inner end of the second horizontal rod, so that the inner end of the second horizontal rod is prevented from being jacked into the second horizontal hole; a fourth spring is arranged in the upper plate groove, and two ends of the fourth spring are respectively propped against the inner end faces of the two second horizontal rods; the handle is fixedly arranged on the upper side surface of the upper plate, and the upper plate can be pulled to move through the handle.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following outstanding beneficial effects:

1. manual milking can be replaced, and time and labor are saved;

2. the structure is simple, the use is convenient, the disassembly is realized, and the transportation is convenient;

3. the solar energy water heater does not need power consumption and can be used outdoors.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the construction of the teat cup of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the present invention comprises a milk container 16, a piston 14, a lower plate 29, an upper plate 22, a teat cup 19, a milk tube 17 and a spring.

One end of the milk pipe 17 is connected with a plurality of milking cups 19, the other end is connected with the bottom of the side wall of the milk barrel 16, a valve 18 is arranged on the milk pipe 17 or the milking cups 19, and the opening and the closing of the pipeline are controlled through the valve 18. For the sake of convenience, the teat cup 19 is set with its open end up and the end connected to the milk tube 17 or valve 18 down. As shown in FIG. 2, the outer middle-lower portion of the teat cup 19 is a hard cup-shaped shell 25 having openings at the upper and lower ends, and the inner surface of the teat cup 19 is a flexible tubular liner 27 having a certain elasticity and having openings at the upper and lower ends. A sealed annular interlayer 26 is formed between the shell 25 and the lining 27, and negative pressure air is filled in the interlayer 26. The upper middle portion of the liner 27 is provided with a series of vertical rod-like structures 24, the rod-like structures 24 being arranged circumferentially around the centre axis of the teat cup 19.

The lower part of the inner side surface of the milk barrel 16 is a smooth cylindrical surface, the upper part of the inner side surface is provided with a series of annular ratchet teeth 5, the teeth of the ratchet teeth 5 incline downwards, and the annular ratchet teeth 5 form a structure similar to a thread. The piston 14 is positioned in the milk barrel 16, and sealing can be realized between the piston 14 and the inner wall of the milk barrel 16. A piston rod 13 is fixedly arranged above the piston 14. The diameter of the end part 7 at the upper end of the piston rod 13 is larger than that of the main body part of the piston rod 13, and the upper end part 7 of the piston is connected with the main body through an inverted conical surface.

The lower plate 29 is positioned in the milk barrel 16 above the piston 14, a vertical hole 12 penetrating through the lower plate 29 is arranged in the middle of the lower plate 29, and the piston rod 13 penetrates through the vertical hole 12. The piston rod 13 is sleeved with a first spring 15, the first spring 15 is in a stretching state, and the upper end and the lower end of the first spring 15 are respectively fixed on the lower plate 29 and the piston 14. A series of first horizontal holes 9 radially distributed around the vertical holes 12 are formed in the lower plate 29, the first horizontal holes 9 are communicated with the vertical holes 12 and the side face of the lower plate 29, the cross section of each first horizontal hole 9 is rectangular, and an inward protruding inner flange 28 is arranged at an opening at the outer end of each first horizontal hole 9. A first horizontal rod 8 is arranged in the first horizontal hole 9, the inner end and the outer end of the first horizontal rod 8 are respectively exposed out of the two ends of the first horizontal hole 9, and the end part 11 of the inner end of the first horizontal rod 8 is of a quadrangular structure matched with the cross section shape of the first horizontal hole 9, so that the horizontal rod can be prevented from rotating. The first horizontal rod 8 is sleeved with a second spring 10, and two ends of the second spring 10 are respectively propped against the inner flange 28 of the first horizontal hole 9 and the inner end part 11 of the first horizontal rod 8. The upper edge of the inner end and the lower edge of the outer end of the first horizontal rod 8 are respectively provided with an inclined surface, so that the outer end forms a sharp corner and can be clamped in the ratchet 5 on the wall of the milk barrel 16.

The upper plate 22 is positioned above the lower plate 29, a third spring 6 is arranged between the upper plate 22 and the lower plate 29, the third spring 6 is in a stretching state, and the upper end and the lower end of the third spring are respectively fixed on the upper plate 22 and the lower plate 29. The middle position of the lower side surface of the upper plate 22 is provided with a groove 2 with an opening at the lower end. Two symmetrically distributed second horizontal holes 20 are arranged in the upper plate 22, and the second horizontal holes 20 are communicated with the side surface of the upper plate 22 and the groove 2. A second horizontal rod 21 is arranged in the second horizontal hole 20, the inner end and the outer end of the second horizontal rod 21 are respectively exposed out of the two ends of the second horizontal hole 20, and an outer flange 4 protruding outwards is arranged at the end part of the inner end of the second horizontal rod 21, so that the inner end of the second horizontal rod 21 is prevented from being jacked into the second horizontal hole 20. A fourth spring 3 is arranged in the upper plate groove 2, and two ends of the fourth spring 3 are respectively propped against the inner end faces of the two second horizontal rods 21. The handle 1 is fixed on the upper side of the upper plate 22, and the upper plate 22 can be pulled to move through the handle 1.

The operation flow is as follows: when in use, the handle 1 is pushed downwards, the piston 14 is driven to move downwards, and meanwhile, the valve 18 on the milking cup 19 is opened, and air at the bottom of the milk barrel 16 is exhausted through the valve 18; then all the valves 18 are closed, the handle 1 is pulled upwards, when the upper plate 22 is pulled to the upper edge of the milk barrel 16, the second horizontal rod 21 is pushed outwards through the action of the fourth spring 3, as shown in fig. 1, the outer end of the second horizontal rod 21 is clamped on the upper edge of the milk barrel 16, and therefore the upper plate 22 cannot move downwards; meanwhile, the lower plate 29 is pulled upwards by the action of the third spring 6, the piston 14 is pulled upwards by the action of the first spring 15, so that a negative pressure environment is formed at the lower part of the milk barrel 16, the negative pressure value (the difference value between the atmospheric pressure and the air pressure below the piston 14) is gradually increased along with the movement of the piston 14, the tension of the first spring 15 is increased along with the increase of the negative pressure value below the piston 14, the length of the first spring 15 is extended along with the increase of the tension of the first spring, so that the piston rod 13 moves downwards relative to the lower plate 29 in the pulling process, the inner end of the first horizontal plate is pressed against the thinner position of the main body of the piston rod 13 at the beginning, as shown in figure 1, when the negative pressure value below the piston 14 exceeds a set value P, the upper end part 7 of the piston rod 13 moves to the inner end of the first horizontal rod 8, the first horizontal rod 8 is pushed outwards, so that the outer end surface of the first horizontal rod 8 is clamped on the ratchet 5 on the inner wall of the milk barrel 16, so that the lower plate 29 cannot move further upwards and the piston 14 is no longer moved, thereby creating a stable negative pressure value P at the lower end of the milk container 16. The tension of the third spring 6 is much greater than that of the first spring 15. The teat cups 19 are then placed one by one on the dam's teats 23 and the valve 18 is opened to achieve an automatic milking action. As the milking is carried out, milk enters the lower part of the milk barrel 16, the air volume below the piston 14 in the milk barrel 16 is reduced, so that the negative pressure value is reduced, the piston 14 is pulled upwards through the action of the first spring 15, the upper end part 7 of the piston rod 13 moves upwards along with the piston, the piston leaves the right end of the first horizontal rod 8, the first horizontal rod 8 is pushed inwards to the state shown in figure 1 through the action of the second spring 10, the outer end part of the first horizontal rod 8 leaves from the ratchet 5 of the barrel wall, so that the lower plate 29 is continuously pulled to move upwards under the action of the third spring 6 until the negative pressure value at the bottom of the milk barrel 16 reaches P. The negative pressure value of the air at the bottom of the milk barrel 16 is always stabilized at about P through the series of processes.

The working principle of the teat cup 19 is as follows: in the teat cup 19, since the liner 27 is a flexible material having a certain elasticity, the rod-like structure 24 inside thereof can also perform a certain amplitude of movement with the liner 27. The rod-like structure 24 is located close to the upper edge of the housing 25, where the rod-like structure 24 has a small amplitude of movement due to the limitation of the upper edge of the housing 25, so that the rod-like structure 24 is approximately deflected around the upper edge of the housing 25, like a lever structure, so that when the lower end of the rod-like structure 24 is deflected inwardly, the upper end is deflected outwardly, and when the lower end is deflected outwardly, the upper end is deflected inwardly. In a natural state, because the interlayer 26 is negative pressure air, the lining 27 is sucked towards the shell 25, and the lower end of the rod-shaped structure 24 deflects outwards and the upper end deflects inwards in the natural state; in use, negative pressure air is created in the teat cup 19 and the lower end of the rod-like structure 24 deflects inwardly and the upper end deflects outwardly when the value of the negative pressure is greater than the value of the negative pressure in the air in the interlayer 26. Since the air pressure value at the bottom of the teat cup 16 fluctuates with the milking process, i.e. up and down around the value P, while the negative pressure value in the teat cup 19 fluctuates with the fluctuations of the air pressure value in the bottom of the teat cup 16, the lower end of the rod-like structure 24 deflects outwards and the upper end inwards when the negative pressure value decreases; as the negative pressure increases, the lower end of the rod-like structure 24 deflects inward and the upper end deflects outward. The grip of the liner 27 on the nipple 23 is tight when the negative pressure value decreases and tight when the negative pressure value increases. The process of sucking milk of young animals can be well simulated through the change of the tightness of the grip, milk discharge of female animals can be well promoted, stimulation can be formed on the lower end of the nipple 23 when the young animals are loose from top to bottom, and milk in the breast can enter the nipple 23 when the young animals are loose from top to bottom; when the nipple 23 is tightened or loosened, the milk in the nipple 23 flows downwards to be discharged. Therefore, the milk discharging process can be better promoted compared with the traditional milking mode by alternately carrying out the tightness degree of the upper part and the lower part of the nipple 23, the milk discharging speed can be improved, and the working efficiency is improved. In addition, a part of the teat 23 is always in a gripping state, so that the better air tightness between the milking cup 19 and the teat 23 can be kept, and the milking cup 19 is prevented from falling off from the teat 23. In addition, the blood circulation at the nipple 23 can be promoted in an elastic alternate mode, and the condition that the blood circulation at the nipple 23 is not smooth due to a mode of holding for a long time at present is avoided.

The invention can greatly simplify the milking process of farmers: firstly, the handle 1 is pulled upwards and secondly the teat cups 19 are placed on the teats 23 of the mother. The operation process is very simple and convenient, the structure is simple, no power consumption is needed, and the device is particularly suitable for household small-sized cultivation and field use under the condition of no power. The invention has simple structure and small volume, and is more suitable for milking animals with relatively small milk output, such as goat milk.

It should be noted that while the invention has been described in detail with respect to specific embodiments thereof, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various obvious changes can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A portable milking device is characterized in that: comprises a milk barrel, a piston, a lower plate, an upper plate, a milk cup, a milk tube, a first spring, a second spring, a third spring and a fourth spring; one end of the milk pipe is connected with a plurality of milking cups, the other end of the milk pipe is connected with the bottom of the side wall of the milk barrel, and valves are arranged on the milk pipe or the milking cups; the middle lower part of the outer side of the milking cup is a hard cup-shaped shell with openings at the upper end and the lower end, and the inner side surface of the milking cup is a flexible cylindrical lining with certain elasticity and openings at the upper end and the lower end; a sealed annular interlayer is formed between the shell and the lining, and negative pressure air is filled in the interlayer; the middle upper part of the lining is provided with a series of vertical rod-shaped structures which are arranged circumferentially around the central axis of the milking cup; the lower part of the inner side surface of the milk barrel is a smooth cylindrical surface, the upper half part of the inner side surface is provided with a series of annular ratchets, and the teeth of the ratchets are inclined downwards; the piston is positioned in the milk barrel, and sealing can be realized between the piston and a smooth surface on the inner wall of the milk barrel; a piston rod is fixedly arranged above the piston; the diameter of the end part of the upper end of the piston rod is larger than that of the main body part of the piston rod, and the upper end part of the piston is connected with the main body through an inverted conical surface; the lower plate is positioned in the milk barrel, a vertical hole penetrating through the lower plate is formed in the middle of the lower plate above the piston, and the piston rod penetrates through the vertical hole; the piston rod is sleeved with a first spring which is in a stretching state, and the upper end and the lower end of the first spring are respectively fixed on the lower plate and the piston; a series of first horizontal holes radially distributed around the vertical holes are formed in the lower plate, the first horizontal holes are communicated with the vertical holes and the side face of the lower plate, the cross section of each first horizontal hole is rectangular, and an inward protruding inner flange structure is arranged at an opening at the outer end of each first horizontal hole; a first horizontal rod is arranged in the first horizontal hole, the inner end and the outer end of the first horizontal rod are respectively exposed out of the two ends of the first horizontal hole, and the end part of the inner end of the first horizontal rod is of a quadrangular prism structure matched with the cross section shape of the first horizontal hole, so that the horizontal rod can be prevented from rotating; a second spring is sleeved on the first horizontal rod, and two ends of the second spring are respectively propped against the inner flange of the first horizontal hole and the inner end part of the first horizontal rod; inclined planes are respectively arranged on the upper edge of the inner end of the first horizontal rod and the lower edge of the outer end of the first horizontal rod, so that the outer end forms a sharp corner and can be clamped in the ratchets on the wall of the milk barrel; the upper plate is positioned above the lower plate, a third spring is arranged between the upper plate and the lower plate, the third spring is in a stretching state, and the upper end and the lower end of the third spring are respectively fixed on the upper plate and the lower plate; a groove with an opening at the lower end is arranged in the middle of the lower side surface of the upper plate; two second horizontal holes which are symmetrically distributed are arranged in the upper plate and are communicated with the side surface of the upper plate and the groove; a second horizontal rod is arranged in the second horizontal hole, the inner end and the outer end of the second horizontal rod are respectively exposed out of the two ends of the second horizontal hole, and an outer flange protruding outwards is arranged at the end part of the inner end of the second horizontal rod, so that the inner end of the second horizontal rod is prevented from being jacked into the second horizontal hole; a fourth spring is arranged in the upper plate groove, and two ends of the fourth spring are respectively propped against the inner end faces of the two second horizontal rods; the handle is fixedly arranged on the upper side surface of the upper plate, and the upper plate can be pulled to move through the handle.