CN108737297A - Method and apparatus for estimating to receive signal sequence - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for estimating to receive signal sequence Download PDFInfo
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- CN108737297A CN108737297A CN201710272669.XA CN201710272669A CN108737297A CN 108737297 A CN108737297 A CN 108737297A CN 201710272669 A CN201710272669 A CN 201710272669A CN 108737297 A CN108737297 A CN 108737297A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04L25/00—Baseband systems
- H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
- H04L25/0202—Channel estimation
- H04L25/0212—Channel estimation of impulse response
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L25/00—Baseband systems
- H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
- H04L25/03—Shaping networks in transmitter or receiver, e.g. adaptive shaping networks
- H04L25/03006—Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference
- H04L25/03178—Arrangements involving sequence estimation techniques
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/50—Transmitters
- H04B10/516—Details of coding or modulation
- H04B10/5167—Duo-binary; Alternative mark inversion; Phase shaped binary transmission
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/60—Receivers
- H04B10/66—Non-coherent receivers, e.g. using direct detection
- H04B10/69—Electrical arrangements in the receiver
- H04B10/697—Arrangements for reducing noise and distortion
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L25/00—Baseband systems
- H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
- H04L25/0202—Channel estimation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L25/00—Baseband systems
- H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
- H04L25/0202—Channel estimation
- H04L25/0224—Channel estimation using sounding signals
- H04L25/0228—Channel estimation using sounding signals with direct estimation from sounding signals
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- H04L25/024—Channel estimation channel estimation algorithms
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- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L25/00—Baseband systems
- H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
- H04L25/0202—Channel estimation
- H04L25/024—Channel estimation channel estimation algorithms
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- H04L25/00—Baseband systems
- H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
- H04L25/03—Shaping networks in transmitter or receiver, e.g. adaptive shaping networks
- H04L25/03006—Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference
- H04L25/03178—Arrangements involving sequence estimation techniques
- H04L25/03305—Joint sequence estimation and interference removal
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- H04L25/00—Baseband systems
- H04L25/38—Synchronous or start-stop systems, e.g. for Baudot code
- H04L25/40—Transmitting circuits; Receiving circuits
- H04L25/49—Transmitting circuits; Receiving circuits using code conversion at the transmitter; using predistortion; using insertion of idle bits for obtaining a desired frequency spectrum; using three or more amplitude levels ; Baseband coding techniques specific to data transmission systems
- H04L25/4917—Transmitting circuits; Receiving circuits using code conversion at the transmitter; using predistortion; using insertion of idle bits for obtaining a desired frequency spectrum; using three or more amplitude levels ; Baseband coding techniques specific to data transmission systems using multilevel codes
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- H04L25/00—Baseband systems
- H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
- H04L25/03—Shaping networks in transmitter or receiver, e.g. adaptive shaping networks
- H04L25/03006—Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference
- H04L25/03012—Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference operating in the time domain
- H04L25/03114—Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference operating in the time domain non-adaptive, i.e. not adjustable, manually adjustable, or adjustable only during the reception of special signals
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Abstract
The present disclosure proposes a kind of method and apparatus for estimating to receive signal sequence.This method is being configured as implementing at the receiver by the channel of Bandwidth-Constrained to receive signal sequence.This method includes carrying out bipolarity transformation to training sequence known to receiver to obtain reference sequences；Obtain distortion training sequence of the training sequence after the transmission of channel and bipolarity transformation；The channel coefficients sequence of channel is determined based on reference sequences and distortion training sequence；Obtain distorted signal sequence of the signal sequence after the transmission of channel and bipolarity transformation；And the estimation of signal sequence is determined based on channel coefficients sequence and distorted signal sequence.
Description
Technical field
The disclosure relates generally to the communications field, and more specifically it relates to a kind of for estimating to receive signal sequence
Method and apparatus.
Background technology
In general, by the good design to receiver bandwidth, unipolar signal can be transformed to bipolar signal
It is transmitted.It is attributed to such signal transformation or shaping mechanism, it is possible in conventional narrow bandwidth component (for example, 10G bandwidth
Optical sender and photoreceiver) on carrying higher rate (for example, 25Gb/s and even 40Gb/s) data-signal with suitable
It should be in following access system.But since narrow bandwidth component will generate two-forty signal low-pass filtering effect, which results in
The part of signal responds, to receive the signal sequence of serious distortion at receiver.This will reduce the property of communication system
Can, even result in communication failure.
Invention content
Embodiment of the disclosure provide it is a kind of at receiver implement method and apparatus, a kind of computer program production
Product and a kind of receiver.
In the disclosure in a first aspect, providing a kind of method implemented at receiver.The receiver is configured as leading to
The channel of Bandwidth-Constrained is crossed to receive signal sequence.This method includes：Bipolarity change is carried out to training sequence known to receiver
It changes to obtain reference sequences；Obtain distortion training sequence of the training sequence after the transmission of channel and bipolarity transformation；It is based on
Reference sequences determine the channel coefficients sequence of channel with distortion training sequence；Signal sequence is obtained by the transmission of channel and double
Distorted signal sequence after reversal；And estimating for signal sequence is determined based on channel coefficients sequence and distorted signal sequence
Meter.
In some embodiments, carry out bipolarity transformation to training sequence includes to obtain reference sequences：By binary system sequence
Rank transformation is duobinary system sequence；Or by quadravalence pulse amplitude modulation (PAM4) sequence transformation be bipolarity PAM4 sequences.
In some embodiments, determine that the channel coefficients sequence of channel includes executing following action at least once：Based on mistake
The convolution of the current channel coefficient sequence of true training sequence and channel obtains midamble；By midamble and reference
The difference and threshold value comparison of sequence；And in response to determining that difference is more than threshold value, adjust current channel coefficient sequence.
In some embodiments, determine that the estimation of signal sequence includes：It is determined using maximum-likelihood sequence estimation algorithm
The estimation of signal sequence.
In some embodiments, include to determine the estimation of signal sequence using maximum-likelihood sequence estimation algorithm：It will letter
Road coefficient sequence and distorted signal sequence determine the estimation of signal sequence as the input of maximum-likelihood sequence estimation algorithm.
In some embodiments, include to determine the estimation of signal sequence using maximum-likelihood sequence estimation algorithm：It is based on
Channel coefficients sequence pair distorted signal sequence carries out distortion compensation；Determine the undistorted channel coefficients sequence of undistorted bi-polar channel
Row；And using Jing Guo distortion compensation distorted signal sequence and undistorted channel coefficients sequence as maximum-likelihood sequence estimation calculate
Method inputs to determine the estimation of signal sequence.
In the second aspect of the disclosure, a kind of communication equipment is provided.The communication equipment includes being configured as passing through bandwidth
Limited channel receives the receiver of signal sequence.The communication equipment includes at least one processor and can including computer
At least one processor executed instruction.At least one processor and computer executable instructions are configured as, and at least one
Processor is together so that the communication equipment：Bipolarity transformation is carried out to obtain reference sequences to training sequence known to receiver；
Obtain distortion training sequence of the training sequence after the transmission of channel and bipolarity transformation；It is trained based on reference sequences and distortion
Sequence determines the channel coefficients sequence of channel；Obtain distortion letter of the signal sequence after the transmission of channel and bipolarity transformation
Number sequence；And the estimation of signal sequence is determined based on channel coefficients sequence and distorted signal sequence.
In the third aspect of the disclosure, a kind of computer program product is provided.The computer program product is by visibly
Non-volatile computer is stored in can perform on medium and include machine-executable instruction.The machine-executable instruction is being held
The step of making machine execute the method according to first aspect when row.
In the fourth aspect of the disclosure, a kind of receiver used in a communications device is provided.The receiver includes double
Reversal module, channel estimation module and signal estimation module.Bipolarity conversion module is configured as to known to receiver
Training sequence carries out bipolarity transformation to obtain reference sequences.Channel estimation module is configured as obtaining training sequence by channel
Transmission and bipolarity transformation after distortion training sequence, and determine channel based on reference sequences and distortion training sequence
Channel coefficients sequence.Signal estimation module is configured as obtaining mistake of the signal sequence after the transmission of channel and bipolarity transformation
True signal sequence, and the estimation of signal sequence is determined based on channel coefficients sequence and distorted signal sequence.
Description of the drawings
Detailed description below, above-mentioned and other purposes, the feature of embodiment of the disclosure are read by reference to attached drawing
It will be easy to understand with advantage.In the accompanying drawings, several implementations of the disclosure are shown by way of example rather than limitation
Example, wherein：
Fig. 1 shows the exemplary scenario that two-forty signal is transmitted using bandlimited channels.
Fig. 2 shows the example arrangements of conventional signal estimation module.
Fig. 3 shows the different eye patterns in the case where different channels respond of emulation.
Fig. 4 shows the schematic block diagram according to an embodiment of the present disclosure for receiving framework.
Fig. 5 shows the schematic diagram of Spectrum Conversion according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 6 shows the flow chart of the method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure implemented at receiver.
Fig. 7 shows a kind of embodiment of the estimation of determining signal sequence according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 8 shows another embodiment of the estimation of determining signal sequence according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 9 shows the block diagram for the equipment for being suitable for realizing embodiment of the disclosure.
Figure 10 shows the performance comparative graph of the emulation with conventional scheme in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Figure 11 shows another performance comparative graph of the emulation with conventional scheme in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Figure 12 shows a kind of curve graph of experiment test according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Figure 13 shows the curve graph of another experiment test according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Through all attached drawings, same or similar reference label is used to represent same or similar element.
Specific implementation mode
Several exemplary embodiments shown in below with reference to the accompanying drawings describe the principle and spirit of the disclosure.It should
Understand, describes these specific embodiments merely to enabling those skilled in the art to more fully understand and realizing this public affairs
It opens, and not limits the scope of the present disclosure in any way.
In the description of embodiment of the disclosure, term " comprising " and its similar term should be understood as that opening includes,
" include but not limited to ".Term "based" should be understood as " being based at least partially on ".Term " one embodiment " or " reality
Apply example " it should be understood as " at least one embodiment ".Term " first ", " second " etc. may refer to different or identical right
As.Hereafter it is also possible that other specific and implicit definition.
Term " terminal device " as used herein or " user equipment " (UE) be refer between base station or each other it
Between any terminal device for carrying out wireless communication.As an example, terminal device may include mobile terminal (MT), subscriber stations
(SS), portable subscriber platform (PSS), mobile station (MS) or access terminal (AT) and vehicle-mounted above equipment.Terminal device
Can be any type of mobile terminal, fixed terminal or portable terminal, including cell phone, website, unit, equipment, more
Media computer, multimedia tablet, internet node, communicator, desktop computer, laptop computer, notebook computer,
Netbook computer, tablet computer, PCS Personal Communications System (PCS) equipment, personal navigation equipment, personal digital assistant (PDA),
Audio/video player, digital camera/video camera, positioning device, television receiver, radio broadcast receiver, e-book are set
Standby, game station, intelligent electric meter, gauge can be used for other intelligent electric appliances of MTC communication or above-mentioned arbitrary combination.
In the context of the disclosure, for the purpose for discussing convenient, term " terminal device " and " user equipment " may be used interchangeably.
Term " network equipment " as used herein refers to other realities with specific function in base station or communication network
Body or node." base station " (BS) can indicate node B (NodeB either NB), evolution node B (eNodeB or eNB), long-range nothing
Line electric unit (RRU), radio-frequency maser (RH), remote radio heads (RRH), repeater or such as femto base station, femto base
The low power nodes etc. stood etc..The coverage area of base station, the geographic area that can provide service are referred to as cell.In this public affairs
In the context opened, for the purpose for discussing convenient, term " network equipment " and " base station " may be used interchangeably, and may be main
Using eNB as the example of the network equipment.
Fig. 1 shows the exemplary scenario 100 that two-forty signal is transmitted using bandlimited channels.As shown in fig. 1
Go out, by becoming conventional unipolar signal sequence (for example, on-off keying signal OOK or pulse amplitude modulation PAM4 signals)
The framework 190 for being changed to bipolar signal sequence (for example, duobinary signal or bipolarity PAM4 signals) to be transmitted/detect
It is shown, the signal of 25Gb/s/ wavelength is transmitted using the transmitting equipment 130-133 of 10G bandwidth and receiving device 150.
As shown, generated to fourth process plate 110-113 by the first processing board unipolar signal sequence (for example,
OOK signals) the bipolarity transmitting reception framework 190 for making to be indicated by the dashed box can be transferred to via 25G interfaces 120-123.It is double
It may include four 10G transmitter 130-133 that polar transmission, which receives framework 190, they are by the first processing board to fourth process plate
The signal of 110-113 is converted to the signal of 10G bandwidth to be transferred to the receiver 150 of 10G bandwidth by optical link 140.
Hereafter, signal can pass through by direct detection module 160, signal estimation module 161, forward error correction block 162
Physics decoding and error correction are carried out, to recover the unipolar signal of 25G bandwidth.Then, the unipolar signal of 25G bandwidth passes through
25G interfaces 170 are transferred to the 5th processing board 180 of receiving terminal, to carry out further signal processing.
It can be seen that it is shown in Fig. 1 go out conventional scheme in, from (for example, in optical network unit ONU) transmitter
The unipolar signal that 130-133 is sent out will be transformed to bipolarity in (for example, in optical line terminal OLT) receiver 150
Signal, to lead to bad bit error rate BER in direct detection module 160.In order to compensate for narrow bandwidth (for example, 10G) group
Part response caused by low-pass filtering effect of the part to two-forty signal (for example, 25G), can use advanced intelligent algorithm
To improve to the correctness for receiving the estimation that signal sequence carries out with serious distortion.For example, signal estimation module 161 can be with
The correctness of signal sequence estimation is improved using maximum-likelihood sequence estimation MLSE algorithms.
It should be noted that in Fig. 1 in order to simply illustrate only with the relevant component of embodiment of the disclosure or module, at other
In embodiment, exemplary scenario 100 may include more or fewer components or module.In addition, although being shown in Fig. 1 specific
The component or module of number, but in other embodiments, the number of these module or components may be more or less.
Fig. 2 shows the example arrangements of conventional signal estimation module 161.As shown in Figure 2, signal estimation module
161 may include estimator initialization module 210 and estimator module 220.Estimator initialization module 210 can provide default
Function 230 is to be arranged the preset condition that estimator module 220 carries out signal sequence estimation.
As shown, estimator initialization module 210 can receive one or more pre-input.In Fig. 2 illustratively
Depict the first pre-input 211, the second pre-input 212 and third pre-input 213.In general, the first pre-input 211 can be bipolar
Property channel coefficients sequence, be arranged to ideal value (for example, [1,1]) in conventional signal estimation module 161.Second is pre- defeated
Enter 212 can be unipolar sequences (for example, OOK or PAM4 sequences) planisphere, be arranged in the figure 2 example
[01].Third pre-input 213 can be traceback depth, be arranged to 20 in the figure 2 example.Certainly, estimator initializes
Module 210 can also receive more or fewer pre-input.Based on these pre-input, the realization pair of estimator initialization module 210
The initialization of estimator 220.
On the one hand, estimator 220 is estimated the initialization of device initialization module 210, and it is pre- defeated which is based on above-mentioned first
Enter the 211, second pre-input 212 and third pre-input 213.On the other hand, estimator 220 receives distorted signal sequence 214.It is based on
The initialization and distorted signal sequence 214 that estimator initialization module 210 carries out, estimator 220 can be for example by estimating to calculate
Method determines the estimation 215 of signal sequence.MLSE algorithms may be used to determine signal sequence in estimator 220 in many cases,
The estimation 215 of row.
It should be noted that Fig. 2 is in order to simply illustrate only and the relevant component of embodiment of the disclosure or module.In other realities
It applies in example, signal estimation module 161 may include more or fewer components or module.In addition, although being shown in Fig. 2 specific
The component or module of number, but in other embodiments, the number of these module or components may be more or less.Furthermore
Although showing the particular sequence value of various input and output in Fig. 2, it will be understood by those of skill in the art that these sequential values
It is only illustrative and can have different other sequences values in other embodiments.
In the case where signal estimation module 161 is using MLSE algorithms, the bipolar signal sequence estimation based on MLSE
Accuracy is highly dependent on the accuracy of channel coefficients.In the case of ideal, channel width is suitable for believing unipolarity
It number is transformed to bipolar signal without distortions, such channel coefficients are, for example, [1,1].Therefore, estimate mould in conventional signal
Channel coefficients are preset as ideally by the first pre-input 211 in block 161, such as at estimator initialization module 210
Value (for example, [1,1]).It is clear that this can not accurately show true channel.
In fact, for example in passive optical network PON system, the real channel condition of many optical network unit ONUs is each other
Between may be very different.In order to intuitively show influence of the different real channels to reception system.Fig. 3 shows emulation
The different eye patterns in the case where different channels (for example, channel of ONU to OLT) responds.
In figure 3, abscissa indicates that normalized frequency, ordinate indicate magnitude.Reference marker 310-330 indicates four kinds
Different channel responses.Reference marker 311-341 is indicated respectively by the eye pattern after these different channels, the reference in the upper right corner
Label 350 indicates the eye pattern of the unipolar signal (for example, OOK signals) before by channel.In simulation process, letter is kept
Preset channel coefficient in number estimation module 161 is that [1,1] is constant, while channel response being made to change to 330 from 310, is then supervised
Survey BER.
From figure 3, it can be seen that channel response 310-330 different first gives different double two with direct detection mode
Binary waveform.Secondly, in the case where not reflecting the inaccurate channel coefficients of real channel, algorithm for estimating (for example, MLSE)
It will not ensure that the correctness that can help to improve signal sequence estimation or it will cause worse testing result.In other words
It says, algorithm for estimating (for example, MLSE) cannot provide stable efficiency due to inaccurate channel coefficients estimation.
In order to solve above-mentioned and other potential problems at least partly, embodiment of the disclosure proposes a kind of receiving
The method and apparatus implemented at machine to improved estimator algorithm (for example, MLSE) and make algorithm for estimating more efficient and strong
Greatly.By embodiment of the disclosure, the signal of duobinary system format not only may be implemented in following PON, it might even be possible to real
Existing bipolarity PAM4 signals, so that the capabilities double per wavelength.Thus, it is possible to be come by using the equipment of 10G grades real
The signal transmission of existing 50Gb/s.
As discussed above, in the Transmission system for carrying out bipolarity transformation, the unsatisfactory unipolarity of receiving terminal
Signal (for example, PAM4 signals) restore mainly to bi-polar channel be grossly inaccurate channel estimation caused by.
Therefore, in embodiment of the disclosure, bi-polar channel is introduced before using algorithm for estimating (for example, MLSE) estimate model
And accurate channel coefficients are assigned to it to help the estimation for improving final unipolar signal (for example, PAM4 signals) correct
Property.
In some embodiments, " intergrade " is introduced to generate the bipolar signal of standard (for example, bipolarity PAM4 letters
Number) to increase the accuracy of final unipolar signal (for example, PAM4 signals) recovery, and avoid Noise enhancement effect.Under
Face describes implementation of the disclosure the basic thought of example in conjunction with Fig. 4 and Fig. 5.
Fig. 4 shows the schematic block diagram 400 for receiving framework in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.As shown in Figure 4, one
The transmitter 410-411 of a or multiple 10G bandwidth can by the signal sequence of high-speed (such as 50Gb/s) (for example, OOK or
PAM4 sequences) it 401 is emitted on optical link 420.
At receiver 430, the direct detector 431 of 10G bandwidth can directly detect received signal.So
Afterwards, the signal detected can pass through analog-to-digital conversion module ADC432 and carry out analog-to-digital conversion.The digital signal sequences of gained are hereafter
Signal estimation module 440 by channel estimation according to an embodiment of the invention auxiliary determines the estimation 215 of signal sequence.
Hereafter, the estimation 215 of determining signal sequence is input into forward error correction block 436 to restore emitted high-speed (example
Such as, 50Gb/s) signal sequence 401.
In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, the signal estimation module 440 of channel estimation auxiliary may include channel estimation module
433, bipolarity conversion module 434 and signal estimation module 435." intergrade " being mentioned above for example may include these moulds
Channel estimation module 433 and bipolarity conversion module 434 in the block.They with 435 compounding practice of signal estimation module so as to
The improved estimation for receiving signal sequence is docked to realize.
Specifically, channel estimation module 433 can estimate the channel coefficients of bi-polar channel, to learn and fill up true
" gap " between bi-polar channel and standard bipolar channel, rather than believed using constant acquiescence as conventional scheme
Road coefficient.Bipolarity conversion module 434 can provide the training sequence that is converted through bipolarity to carry out the study of channel coefficients, and
It is not using direct unipolar training sequence as conventional estimation scheme, so as to avoid Noise enhancement effect." in
On the basis of these functions that intercaste " provides, signal estimation module 435 can use the channel coefficients through study to be passed to determine
The estimation of defeated unipolar signal sequence (for example, OOK or PAM4 sequences).
It can be seen that in the embodiment shown in fig. 4, transmitter 410-411 can emit unipolar signal sequence, such as
OOK or PAM4 signals.At receiver 430, before carrying out signal sequence estimation, channel estimation module 433 will be passed through first
Implement channel estimation, and is fed into signal estimation module 435 (for example, channel coefficients pre-input as MLSE) to replace
For the default value (for example, [1,1]) in conventional scheme.Updated channel model based on study, according to the bipolarity of standard
Reference signal sequence (for example, PAM4 reference signals), the bipolar signal of distortion will become compensated bipolarity by compensation and believe
Number.Then, signal estimation module 435 will determine unipolar signal (for example, PAM4 or OOK) according to the channel coefficients of institute's feed-in
Estimated sequence the most possible 215.
Therefore, the signal estimation module 440 of the channel estimation auxiliary of embodiment of the disclosure can be directed to each individual
Channel (for example, ONU) intelligently learns specific channel coefficients, and can also be the heated, aging or other fluctuations the case where
Under adaptively update channel coefficients.In addition, it is transparent to different signal format (for example, OOK or PAM4).It ties below
The Spectrum Conversion figure of Fig. 5 is closed to describe implementation of the disclosure the General Principle of example.
Fig. 5 shows the schematic diagram 500 of Spectrum Conversion according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.As shown in Figure 5, frequency spectrum
510 indicate the frequency spectrum of original signal before being transmitted.Frequency spectrum 520 indicates the bandwidth spectrum of narrow bandwidth transmission device, compares
There is insufficient bandwidth in the rate or baud rate of signal.Frequency spectrum 530 is indicated through narrow bandwidth transmission device received signal frequency
It composes, the signal spectrum of gross distortion after the transmission device for passing through narrow bandwidth which show signal.
Frequency spectrum 540 also illustrates that, by narrow bandwidth transmission device received signal frequency spectrum, frequency spectrum 541 is indicated in frequency spectrum 540
On the basis of restore original signal spectrum required for supplement portions of the spectrum.Frequency spectrum 550 is also illustrated that be received by narrow bandwidth transmission device
Signal spectrum, frequency spectrum 551 indicates the signal spectrum after being compensated by " intergrade " of standard bipolar signal.Frequency spectrum
The signal spectrum that 560 expression frequency spectrums 551 are recovered after estimating using MLSE.
It can be seen that by the setting of this " intergrade " according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, it can be by the estimation of rear class
The performance of algorithm (for example, MLSE estimates) maximizes, while the influence of noise being minimized.It should be noted that although being indicated in Fig. 5
Specific frequency values are gone out, but these frequency values are only illustrative, and there can be different frequencies in other embodiments
Value.Embodiment of the disclosure is not limited by these specific frequency values.
The side according to an embodiment of the present disclosure implemented at receiver 430 is described below with reference to Fig. 6 and in conjunction with Fig. 7
Method.Fig. 6 shows the flow chart of the method 600 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure implemented at receiver 430.Fig. 7 is shown
A kind of embodiment of signal sequence estimation according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
As shown in Figure 7, the signal estimation module 440 of the channel estimation auxiliary in the embodiment of Fig. 7 is in structure
Similar to signal estimation module 161 depicted in figure 2.Unlike Fig. 2, estimator initialization module 210 and estimator
220 thought according to an embodiment of the present disclosure of module is improved.In the embodiment of the invention shown in figure 7, mentioned above " in
The multiple functions of intercaste " are uniformly realized by estimator initialization module 210.It will be understood that in other embodiments, " in
These functions of intercaste " can also be by the difference in the signal estimation module 440 (even receiver 430) of channel estimation auxiliary
Module or component complete.
It should be noted that Fig. 7 in order to simply illustrate only with the relevant component of embodiment of the disclosure or module, in other realities
It applies in example, the signal estimation module 440 of channel estimation auxiliary may include more or fewer components or module.In addition, although
Certain number of component or module are shown in Fig. 7, but in other embodiments, the number of these module or components may be more
It is more or less.Furthermore although showing the particular sequence value of various input and output in Fig. 7, those skilled in the art will
Understand, these sequential values are only illustrative and there can be different other sequences values in other embodiments.
Referring back to Fig. 6, in some embodiments, method 600 in Fig. 6 can be by the letter implemented in receiver 430
Estimator initialization module 210 and the estimator module 220 of the signal estimation module 440 of auxiliary are estimated to execute in road.At other
In embodiment, method 600 can also be executed by any suitable one or more module or components in receiver 430.
At frame 610, estimator initialization module 210 carries out bipolarity change to training sequence 701 known to receiver 430
It changes to obtain reference sequences 702.In some embodiments, the transformation of this bipolarity may include by binary sequence (for example,
OOK sequences) it is transformed to duobinary system sequence (for example, DB sequences), or by quadravalence pulse amplitude modulation (PAM4) sequence transformation
For bipolarity PAM4 sequences.
At frame 615, estimator initialization module 210 obtains training sequence 701 and becomes by the transmission of channel and bipolarity
Distortion training sequence 703 after changing.Specifically, in some embodiments, the transmitter 410,411 in Fig. 4 can be in optical link
Emit known training sequence 701 on 420, to estimator initialization module 210 can be received at receiver 430 by
Distortion training sequence 703 after the transmission of channel and bipolarity transformation.In other embodiments, training sequence 701 can also be by
Other module or components are emitted on channel for transmission to receiver 430.
At frame 620, estimator initialization module 210 determines letter based on reference sequences 702 and distortion training sequence 703
The channel coefficients sequence 704 in road.In some embodiments, estimator initialization module 210 can by a kind of iterative process come
The channel coefficients sequence 704 of channel is learnt.
Specifically, as shown in Figure 7, estimator initialization module 210 can be led to by that will be distorted training sequence 703
Cross after the processing of Postponement module 710 with current channel coefficient sequence (a0, a1, a2...) be multiplied and pass through via multiplier 720
Summer 730 is summed, to obtain midamble (not shown).Then, midamble passes through in error function mould
It is compared with reference sequences 702 in block 740.Specifically, error function module 740 is by midamble and reference sequences
702 difference and threshold value comparison.It should be appreciated that threshold value herein can in advance be set according to implementation environment and/or design object
It sets.
Further, judgment module 750 may determine that whether the difference of midamble and reference sequences 702 is less than threshold
Value.It indicates to restrain the learning process of channel coefficients if difference is less than or equal to threshold value, judgment module 750 can will work as
Preceding channel coefficients sequence (a0, a1, a2...) exported to estimator module 220 as channel coefficients sequence 704.
If difference is more than threshold value, then it represents that not yet restrained to the learning process of channel coefficients.In this case, estimate
Device initialization module 210 can adjust current channel coefficient sequence (a0, a1, a2……).The adjusting for example can be by Fig. 7
Listed formula carries out, and wherein μ indicates that preset constant value, e indicate that preset threshold value, i indicate the number of iteration.It should
Note that estimator initialization module 210 adjusts current channel coefficient sequence (a by the specific formula0, a1, a2...) only
It is a kind of specific example.It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that in other embodiments, current channel coefficient sequence (a0, a1,
a2...) the learning process convergence of channel coefficients can be adjusted so that by any suitable mode.
Referring back to Fig. 6, at frame 625, estimator module 220 obtains signal sequence 401 by the transmission of channel and double
Distorted signal sequence 214 after reversal.Specifically, the transmitter 410,411 in Fig. 4 can emit on optical link 420
Signal sequence 401, to which estimator module 220 can be received in receiver 430 by the transmission of channel and bipolarity change
Distorted signal sequence 214 after changing.
At frame 630, estimator module 220 determines signal based on channel coefficients sequence 704 and distorted signal sequence 214
The estimation 215 of sequence.For example, using MLSE algorithms, estimator module 220 can be by channel coefficients sequence 704
With distorted signal sequence 214 estimation 215 of signal sequence is determined as the input of MLSE algorithms.
It should be appreciated that estimator module 220 can also determine the estimation 215 of signal sequence using other modes.Under
Face describes another embodiment that estimator module 220 determines the estimation 215 of signal sequence in conjunction with Fig. 8.Most digital-to-analogue in Fig. 8
Block or component with it is same or like in Fig. 7, therefore will will not be described repeatedly.
As shown, the difference of Fig. 8 and Fig. 7 essentially consists in, in current channel coefficient sequence (a0, a1, a2...) be judged to
When disconnected module 750 is determined as convergence, estimator initialization module 210 is carried to estimator module 220 by judgment module 750
For current channel coefficient sequence (a0, a1, a2...) it is used as channel coefficients sequence 704, but in estimator initialization module 210
Inside is by being based on channel coefficients sequence 704, i.e. current channel coefficient sequence (a0, a1, a2...), to distorted signal sequence
214 carry out distortion compensation, then will be input to estimator module 220 by the distorted signal sequence 801 of distortion compensation.
For this purpose, different from Fig. 7, distorted signal sequence 214 is input into estimator initialization module 210.In addition, also to
Estimator module 220 increases the 4th default input 802, is the bi-polar channel coefficient of acquiescence.In other words, in Fig. 8 institutes
In the embodiment shown, estimator module 220 can be similar to conventional estimator and be operated.Estimate this is because being input to
Gauge module 220 is already based on signal sequence 801 of the channel coefficients 704 of study through overcompensation.
Therefore, in the case where estimator module 220 is using MLSE algorithms, estimator module 220 can determine undistorted
The undistorted channel coefficients sequence 802 (for example, as the 4th pre-input) of bi-polar channel, and with by the mistake of distortion compensation
True signal sequence 801 and undistorted channel coefficients sequence 802 determine the estimation of signal sequence as the input of MLSE algorithms
215。
Fig. 9 shows the block diagram for the equipment 900 for being suitable for realizing embodiment of the disclosure.In some embodiments, equipment 900
It can be used for implementing the method 600 implemented at receiver 430 according to the disclosure.In other embodiments, equipment 900 can be with
For implementing the signal estimation module 440 or its part of Fig. 4 either channel estimation auxiliary shown in Fig. 7.
As shown in Figure 9, equipment 900 includes controller 910.The operation of 910 control device 900 of controller and work(
Energy.For example, in certain embodiments, controller 910 can be by means of the instruction that is stored in coupled memory 920
930 execute various operations.Memory 920 can be any suitable type suitable for local technical environment, and can be with
It is realized using any suitable data storage technology, memory device, magnetic memory device including but not limited to based on semiconductor
With system, light storage device and system.Although illustrating only a memory module in Fig. 9, can be deposited in equipment 900
In the different memory module of multiple physics.
Controller 910 can be any suitable type suitable for local technical environment, and may include but unlimited
In all-purpose computer, special purpose computer, microcontroller, digital signal controller (DSP) and based on controller multinuclear control
One or more of device framework is multiple.Equipment 900 can also include multiple controllers 910.Controller 910 and transceiver 940
Coupling, transceiver 940 can realize sending and receiving for information by means of one or more antennas 950 and/or other component.
When equipment 900 serves as the signal estimation module 440 for the channel estimation auxiliary described in Fig. 4, Fig. 7 or Fig. 8, control
Device 910 and transceiver 940 can be with compounding practices, to realize above with reference to method 600 described in Fig. 6.Above with reference to Fig. 4 to figure
All features described in 8 are suitable for equipment 900, and details are not described herein again.
Figure 10 shows the performance comparative graph of the emulation with conventional scheme in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.In Figure 10
Shown, abscissa indicates that the Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) as unit of decibel dB, ordinate indicate bit error rate BER.The lower-left of Figure 10
Curve 1001 in the illustration of angle indicates channel impulse response in the case of given channel coefficient, and curve 1002 indicates ideal
Duobinary system impulse response.
In addition, curve 1003 indicates the BER of the direct detection scheme without any processing with the change curve of SNR.It is bent
Line 1004 indicates (there is the 8 tap finite impulse response FIR based on lowest mean square LMS algorithm using feed forward equalizer FFE schemes
Filter) BER with SNR change curve.Curve 1005 is indicated using the MLSE schemes for giving tacit consent to duobinary system channel coefficients
BER with SNR change curve.Curve 1006 indicates the channel coefficients according to an embodiment of the present disclosure obtained using study
The BER of MLSE schemes with SNR change curve.
It can be clearly seen that scheme according to an embodiment of the present disclosure can be in identical signal-to-noise ratio condition from Figure 10
It is lower to realize lower bit error rate, especially in SNR higher.Therefore, scheme according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is relative to imitative
More preferably performance may be implemented in other genuine schemes.
Figure 11 shows another performance comparative graph of the emulation with conventional scheme in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.Such as figure
Shown in 11, abscissa indicates that the received signal power as unit of dBm, ordinate indicate bit error rate BER.
In fig. 11, curve 1101 and curve 1102 indicate that the direct detection scheme without any processing passes through respectively
20km optical fiber transmit and without optical fiber transmission BER with received signal power change curve.Curve 1103 and curve 1104
Indicate (there are the 8 tap finite impulse response FIR based on lowest mean square LMS algorithm to filter using feed forward equalizer FFE schemes respectively
Wave device) by 20km optical fiber transmit and without optical fiber transmission BER with received signal power change curve.1105 He of curve
Curve 1106 indicates that the MLSE schemes using acquiescence duobinary system channel coefficients are transmitted by 20km optical fiber and without light respectively
Fibre transmission BER with received signal power change curve.Curve 1107 and curve 1108 indicate the reality according to the disclosure respectively
The MLSE schemes for applying the channel coefficients that the use of example learns transmitted by 20km optical fiber and the BER that transmits without optical fiber with
The change curve of received signal power.
It can be clearly seen that since stronger bandwidth filters from Figure 11, signal is consumingly distorted and uses immediately
Direct MLSE is also difficult to differentiate.But using carrying out appropriate channel compensation and improved MLSE in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure,
It may be implemented to be markedly improved.That is, scheme according to an embodiment of the present disclosure can be in identical received signal power
In the case of realize lower bit error rate, especially when received signal power is higher.
Figure 12 shows a kind of curve graph of experiment test according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.As shown in Figure 12,
Abscissa indicates that the frequency as unit of GHz, ordinate indicate the normalization magnitude as unit of decibel dB.Reference marker 1201
Show that the eye pattern directly received, reference marker 1202 show that the eye pattern after channel study, reference marker 1203 are shown
The channel impulse response that study obtains.
In the experiment test, 10G-B/s PAM4 (that is, 20Gb/s bit rates) are launched into 2.7GHz@3dB bands
In wide directly modulation laser DML.As shown by reference marker 1201, the duobinary system PAM4 eye patterns directly received are shown
Go out poor performance.But as shown by reference marker 1202, the eye pattern after channel study can be improved.Tool
Body, BER is from 1.2E-1 (i.e. 1.2 × 10-3) it is improved to 5.2E-3.After this, MLSE is carried out and BER is further subtracted
It is small to less than 3E-3 to meet specific forward error correction FEC threshold requirements.This demonstrate the hairs that can use only 2.5G grades
Machine and receiver are penetrated to reach the signal rate of 20Gb/s, realizes 8 times of spectrum efficiency.
Figure 13 shows the curve graph of another experiment test according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.As shown in Figure 13,
Abscissa indicates that the frequency as unit of GHz, ordinate indicate the normalization magnitude as unit of decibel dB.Reference marker 1301
Show that the eye pattern directly received, reference marker 1302 show that the eye pattern after channel study, reference marker 1303 are shown
The channel impulse response that study obtains.
In the experiment test, 25G-B/s PAM4 (that is, 50Gb/s bit rates) are extruded to end-to-end 4.6GHz@
Three dB bandwidth limited channel.As shown by reference marker 1301, the duobinary system PAM4 eye patterns that directly receive show poor
Performance.But as shown by reference marker 1302, the eye pattern after channel study can be improved.Specifically, BER
It is improved to 2E-3 from 1E-1.After this, MLSE is carried out and BER is further reduced below 6E-4.In contrast, make
BER is only reduced to 5E-2 with the conventional MLSE of default channel coefficient.
Above-mentioned emulation and experiment shows embodiment of the disclosure by implementing adaptively before signal sequence is estimated
Channel learns, and can be significantly improved the estimation accuracy of the signal sequence converted by bipolarity.Pass through the implementation of the disclosure
Example, it is 3.8E-3's that bipolarity PAM4 signals can be directed to using the DML lasers of 2.7G-3dB bandwidth in BER
Under the conditions of realize the data transmission of peak value 20Gb/s, and the equipment of conventional 10GHz bandwidth can be used with 4.6G-3dB bands
The lower data transmission for realizing 50Gb/s of width.In addition, embodiment of the disclosure error correction is improved under the channel coefficients of variation in terms of be
It is equally valid.That is, embodiment of the disclosure is certainly for different communication equipments (for example, ONU in PON system)
Adaptation and intelligence, especially in the uplink direction.
As it is used herein, term " determination " covers various actions.For example, " determination " may include operation,
It calculates, processing, export, investigation, searches (for example, being searched in table, database or another data structure), finds out.In addition,
" determination " may include receiving (for example, receiving information), accessing (for example, accessing the data in memory) etc..In addition, " determination "
May include parsing, selection, selection, foundation etc..
It should be noted that embodiment of the disclosure can be realized by the combination of hardware, software or software and hardware.Firmly
Part part can be realized using special logic；Software section can store in memory, by instruction execution system appropriate,
Such as microprocessor or special designs hardware execute.It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that above-mentioned device and method can
It is realized with using computer executable instructions and/or being included in the processor control code, such as in programmable memory
Or such code is provided in the data medium of such as optics or electrical signal carrier.
In addition, although the operation of disclosed method is described with particular order in the accompanying drawings, this do not require that or
Person, which implies, to execute these operations according to the particular order, or expectation could be realized by having to carry out operation shown in whole
Result.On the contrary, the step of describing in flow chart, which can change, executes sequence.Additionally or alternatively, it is convenient to omit Mou Xiebu
Suddenly, multiple steps are combined as a step to execute, and/or a step is decomposed into execution of multiple steps.It shall also be noted that
It can be embodied in one apparatus according to the feature and function of two or more devices of the disclosure.Conversely, above-described
The feature and function of one device can be further divided into be embodied by multiple devices.
Although describing the disclosure by reference to several specific embodiments, but it is to be understood that it is public that the present disclosure is not limited to institutes
The specific embodiment opened.The disclosure is intended to cover in spirit and scope of the appended claims included various modifications and equivalent
Arrangement.
Claims (19)
1. a kind of method implemented at receiver, the receiver are configured as receiving signal by the channel of Bandwidth-Constrained
Sequence, the method includes：
Bipolarity transformation is carried out to obtain reference sequences to training sequence known to the receiver；
Obtain distortion training sequence of the training sequence after the transmission of the channel and bipolarity transformation；
The channel coefficients sequence of the channel is determined based on the reference sequences and the distortion training sequence；
Obtain distorted signal sequence of the signal sequence after the transmission of the channel and bipolarity transformation；And
The estimation of the signal sequence is determined based on the channel coefficients sequence and the distorted signal sequence.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, wherein including to obtain reference sequences to training sequence progress bipolarity transformation：
Binary sequence is transformed to duobinary system sequence；Or
It is bipolarity PAM4 sequences by quadravalence pulse amplitude modulation (PAM4) sequence transformation.
3. according to the method described in claim 1, wherein determining that the channel coefficients sequence of the channel includes executing following action
At least once：
Midamble is obtained based on the distortion training sequence and the convolution of the current channel coefficient sequence of the channel；
By the difference and threshold value comparison of the midamble and the reference sequences；And
It is more than the threshold value in response to the determination difference, adjusts the current channel coefficient sequence.
4. according to the method described in claim 1, wherein determining that the estimation of the signal sequence includes：
The estimation of the signal sequence is determined using maximum-likelihood sequence estimation algorithm.
5. according to the method described in claim 4, wherein determining the signal sequence using maximum-likelihood sequence estimation algorithm
Estimation include：
The channel coefficients sequence and the distorted signal sequence are come as the input of the maximum-likelihood sequence estimation algorithm
Determine the estimation of the signal sequence.
6. according to the method described in claim 4, wherein determining the signal sequence using maximum-likelihood sequence estimation algorithm
Estimation include：
Distortion compensation is carried out based on distorted signal sequence described in the channel coefficients sequence pair；
Determine the undistorted channel coefficients sequence of undistorted bi-polar channel；And
Using Jing Guo distortion compensation the distorted signal sequence and the undistorted channel coefficients sequence as the maximum likelihood
Sequence Estimation algorithm inputs to determine the estimation of the signal sequence.
7. a kind of communication equipment, including be configured as receiving the receiver of signal sequence by the channel of Bandwidth-Constrained, it is described
Communication equipment includes：
At least one processor；And
At least one processor including computer executable instructions, at least one processor and the computer are executable
Instruction is configured as, together at least one processor so that the communication equipment：
Bipolarity transformation is carried out to obtain reference sequences to training sequence known to the receiver；
Obtain distortion training sequence of the training sequence after the transmission of the channel and bipolarity transformation；
The channel coefficients sequence of the channel is determined based on the reference sequences and the distortion training sequence；
Obtain distorted signal sequence of the signal sequence after the transmission of the channel and bipolarity transformation；And
The estimation of the signal sequence is determined based on the channel coefficients sequence and the distorted signal sequence.
8. communication equipment according to claim 7, wherein at least one processor and the executable finger of the computer
Order is configured to, together at least one processor so that the communication equipment：
Binary sequence is transformed to duobinary system sequence；Or
It is bipolarity PAM4 sequences by quadravalence pulse amplitude modulation (PAM4) sequence transformation.
9. communication equipment according to claim 7, wherein at least one processor and the executable finger of the computer
Order is configured to, together at least one processor so that the communication equipment executes following action at least one
It is secondary：
Midamble is obtained based on the distortion training sequence and the convolution of the current channel coefficient sequence of the channel；
By the difference and threshold value comparison of the midamble and the reference sequences；And
It is more than the threshold value in response to the determination difference, adjusts the current channel coefficient sequence.
10. communication equipment according to claim 7, wherein at least one processor and the executable finger of the computer
Order is configured to, together at least one processor so that the communication equipment：
The estimation of the signal sequence is determined using maximum-likelihood sequence estimation algorithm.
11. communication equipment according to claim 10, wherein at least one processor and the computer are executable
Instruction is configured to, together with the processor so that the communication equipment：
The channel coefficients sequence and the distorted signal sequence are come as the input of the maximum-likelihood sequence estimation algorithm
Determine the estimation of the signal sequence.
12. communication equipment according to claim 10, wherein at least one processor and the computer are executable
Instruction is configured to, together at least one processor so that the communication equipment：
Distortion compensation is carried out based on distorted signal sequence described in the channel coefficients sequence pair；
Determine the undistorted channel coefficients sequence of undistorted bi-polar channel；And
Using Jing Guo distortion compensation the distorted signal sequence and the undistorted channel coefficients sequence as the maximum likelihood
The signal sequence is estimated in the input of Sequence Estimation algorithm.
13. a kind of computer program product, the computer program product is tangibly stored in non-volatile computer and can be held
On row medium and include machine-executable instruction, the machine-executable instruction makes machine execute according to power when executed
Profit requires the step of method described in any one of 1 to 6.
14. a kind of receiver used in a communications device, including：
Bipolarity conversion module is configured as carrying out bipolarity transformation to training sequence known to the receiver to obtain reference
Sequence；
Channel estimation module is configured as
Obtain distortion training sequence of the training sequence after the transmission of the channel and bipolarity transformation；And
The channel coefficients sequence of the channel is determined based on the reference sequences and the distortion training sequence；And
Signal estimation module is configured as
Obtain distorted signal sequence of the signal sequence after the transmission of the channel and bipolarity transformation；And
The estimation of the signal sequence is determined based on the channel coefficients sequence and the distorted signal sequence.
15. receiver according to claim 14, wherein the bipolarity conversion module is configured to：
Binary sequence is transformed to duobinary system sequence；Or
It is bipolarity PAM4 sequences by quadravalence pulse amplitude modulation (PAM4) sequence transformation.
16. receiver according to claim 14, wherein the channel estimation module is configured as executing following action extremely
It is few primary：
Midamble is obtained based on the distortion training sequence and the convolution of the current channel coefficient sequence of the channel；
By the difference and threshold value comparison of the midamble and the reference sequences；And
It is more than the threshold value in response to the determination difference, adjusts the current channel coefficient sequence.
17. receiver according to claim 14, wherein the signal estimation module is configured to：
The estimation of the signal sequence is determined using maximum-likelihood sequence estimation algorithm.
18. receiver according to claim 17, wherein the signal estimation module is configured to：
The channel coefficients sequence and the distorted signal sequence are come as the input of the maximum-likelihood sequence estimation algorithm
Determine the estimation of the signal sequence.
19. receiver according to claim 17, wherein the signal estimation module is configured to：
Distortion compensation is carried out based on distorted signal sequence described in the channel coefficients sequence pair；
Determine the undistorted channel coefficients sequence of undistorted bi-polar channel；And
Using Jing Guo distortion compensation the distorted signal sequence and the undistorted channel coefficients sequence as the maximum likelihood
Sequence Estimation algorithm inputs to determine the estimation of the signal sequence.
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| CN116318463A (en) * | 2023-03-27 | 2023-06-23 | 苏州联讯仪器股份有限公司 | Method, system and device for correcting distorted channel response |
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| US20140140389A1 (en) * | 2012-11-16 | 2014-05-22 | Rambus Inc. | Receiver with duobinary mode of operation |
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