CN108736151B - Flexible antenna and patch preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Flexible antenna and patch preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108736151B CN108736151B CN201810320901.7A CN201810320901A CN108736151B CN 108736151 B CN108736151 B CN 108736151B CN 201810320901 A CN201810320901 A CN 201810320901A CN 108736151 B CN108736151 B CN 108736151B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/273—Adaptation for carrying or wearing by persons or animals
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/32—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
Abstract
The invention discloses a flexible antenna and a patch preparation method thereof, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: 1) carrying out dust removal pretreatment on the flexible medium substrate; 2) printing the conductive working solution on the pretreated flexible medium matrix in a leaking manner to obtain a printed test piece; 3) and drying the test piece through pre-drying and closed baking to form the flexible antenna patch. The flexible antenna breaks through the rigidity property of the traditional antenna, has the softness of textile fibers, relates to a two-dimensional space, can be widely applied to the fields of car decorations, clothes and the like, can be attached to materials such as walls, glass and the like, has the product advantage of secondary development, can meet the market demand, and has higher development and application prospects.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of antennas, and particularly relates to a flexible antenna and a patch preparation method thereof.
Background
Microstrip antennas are a common low profile antenna and are often used in airborne, missile-borne devices. The substrate material of the traditional microstrip antenna is a rigid flat plate material with a certain thickness, so that the manufactured microstrip antenna is also flat. However, due to its rigid nature, it has no softness, which limits its application in the fields of car trim, clothing and apparel.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art. Therefore, the invention provides a flexible antenna and a patch preparation method thereof, aiming at enabling the antenna to have the softness of textile fibers and meet the requirement of the actual electromagnetic performance of the antenna, and being widely applied to the fields of car decorations, clothes and the like.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a preparation method of a patch of a flexible antenna comprises the following steps:
1) carrying out dust removal pretreatment on the flexible medium substrate;
2) printing the conductive working solution on the pretreated flexible medium matrix in a leaking manner to obtain a printed test piece;
3) and drying the test piece through pre-drying and closed baking to form the flexible antenna patch.
The dust removal pretreatment in the step 1) is carried out under vacuum. The degree of vacuum is preferably 0.3 to 0.5 atm. Dust removal under the vacuum condition can better eliminate the electrostatic effect and reduce the influence of dust on the process and the performance. Before vacuum dust removal, the flexible medium substrate is preferably cut into a proper size, so that subsequent operation and treatment are facilitated.
Preferably, the flexible medium substrate is one of garment materials, vehicle and household decorative cloth, wallpaper, wall cloth, carpets or curtains. Can well meet the requirement of flexible performance.
The flexible medium substrate is fixed on the printing bedplate before screen printing, so that subsequent screen printing operation is facilitated.
The conductive working solution is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 3 to 12 percent of conductive component, 3.3 to 6.4 percent of adhesive component, 0.15 to 0.3 percent of stabilizer component, 37 to 48.5 percent of thickener component, 1.6 to 2.5 percent of cross linker component, 0.2 to 0.5 percent of dispersant, 0.1 to 0.2 percent of triethanolamine, 0.2 to 0.3 percent of sodium phytate, 0.01 to 0.025 percent of water softener and the balance of water. The preferable selection of the water softener is phytic acid, and the adoption of the phytic acid as the water softener has two advantages: firstly, the soft water effect is good, and the stability of the conductive working solution is favorable; and secondly, the phytic acid can prevent the conductive components from being corroded by external factors and losing the electromagnetic wave conduction function.
Preferably, 0.1-1.2% of softening agent can be added into the conductive working solution according to the style and the specific requirements, so that the flexibility is further improved. The softener may be any of conventional nonionic softeners, anionic softeners and the like.
The conductive component adopts nano metal particles and oxides, chlorides and the like thereof. Preferably, the conductive component is one or more of nano silver powder, graphene, nano zinc oxide, nano copper oxide, aluminum oxide, nano titanium dioxide, nano iron oxide, tin oxide, nano aluminum powder and zinc chloride.
The adhesive component comprises LA132 type waterborne adhesive and waterborne polyurethane, wherein the weight percentage of the LA132 type waterborne adhesive in the conductive working solution is 2.5-5%, and the weight percentage of the waterborne polyurethane in the conductive working solution is 0.8-1.4%.
The stabilizer component comprises 0.05-0.1% of glycerol and 0.1-0.2% of peregal by mass in the conductive working solution.
The thickener comprises 35-45% of emulsion paste and 2-3.5% of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) in the conductive working solution by mass percentage. Preferably, the thickener is an emulsifying paste M.
Preferably, the crosslinking agent is a crosslinking agent EH.
In the preparation method, preferably, the conductive working solution is placed in a color frame of a flat screen or circular screen printing machine, and an automatic control mechanism controls the automatic lifting, the automatic shifting and the automatic scraping of the color frame; adopting a 'skip printing' process to skip print the conductive working solution on a flexible medium substrate such as textile fabric and the like to form a required design pattern; the pattern may be self-programming defined. Various uninterrupted patterns are developed according to market demands, and the uninterrupted patterns can be combined with dyes, so that the uninterrupted patterns have the advantages of rich colors, attractive patterns and the like.
Printing by adopting a flat screen printing machine in the step 2), wherein the printing speed is 30-40m/min, and the breadth is 1.55 m; printing with a rotary screen printer at a printing speed of 55-70m/min and a width of 2.15 m. The specific pattern may be self-programming defined as desired.
The flexible medium matrix is a fiber fabric, and the drying in the step 3) is implemented by adopting infrared pre-drying for 15-40s, sealing and baking for 2.5-5min, wherein the baking temperature is 115-145 ℃. If the flexible medium substrate is a cellulose fiber fabric, pre-baking for 15-30s by adopting infrared rays, and baking for 4-5min in a closed manner at the baking temperature of 115-125 ℃; if the flexible medium substrate is a chemical fiber fabric, an infrared pre-drying or oven pre-drying is adopted for 30-40s, the pre-drying temperature is 95-115 ℃, the closed baking is carried out for 2.5-3min, and the baking temperature is 130-. By adopting the process conditions, the finally prepared patch has stable performance and moderate softness.
A flexible antenna comprises a patch, wherein the patch is prepared by adopting the preparation method.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the flexible antenna breaks through the rigidity property of the traditional antenna, has the softness of textile fibers, relates to a two-dimensional space, can be widely applied to the fields of car decorations, clothes and the like, can be attached to materials such as walls, glass and the like, has the product advantage of secondary development, can meet the market demand, and has higher development and application prospects. The invention can develop various uninterrupted patterns according to market demands, can be combined with dyes, and has the advantages of rich colors, beautiful patterns and the like. The flexibility performance is good, the return loss at the central frequency of 5.8GHz is < -20dB, the bandwidth is close to 1.1GHz, and the requirements of the actual electromagnetic performance of the antenna can be met.
Drawings
The description includes the following figures, the contents shown are respectively:
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings for a purpose of helping those skilled in the art to more fully, accurately and deeply understand the concept and technical solution of the present invention and to facilitate its implementation.
The patch of the flexible microstrip antenna is formed by processing a carrier (flexible medium matrix) and conductive working liquid, and the flexible microstrip antenna is further processed on the basis. Wherein, a working solution with a conductive function is prepared by utilizing a plurality of components; textile fabric, wallpaper and the like are used as carriers (flexible medium substrates), and the requirements on flexibility performance can be well met. Based on a 'skip printing' working mechanism, a flat screen or a circular screen printing machine is adopted to skip print the conductive working solution onto a carrier (a flexible medium substrate), and after pre-baking and baking treatment, the printed conductive working solution is firmly bonded with the carrier to prepare the patch of the flexible antenna, and the patch has good electromagnetic properties.
As shown in fig. 1, the specific preparation method of the patch of the flexible antenna of the present invention includes the following steps:
1) firstly, processing flexible medium base materials such as fiber fabrics and the like, cutting the flexible medium base materials into proper sizes, blowing off dust on the surface in a vacuum environment (0.3-0.5 atmospheric pressure), eliminating the electrostatic effect and reducing the influence of the dust on the process and the performance;
2) fixing the flexible medium base material on the printing bedplate;
3) preparing conductive working solution from a plurality of components according to the following formula;
4) placing the conductive working solution into a color frame of a flat screen or circular screen printing machine, and controlling automatic lifting, automatic shifting and automatic scraping of the color frame by an automatic control mechanism;
5) adopting a 'printing missing' process to print the conductive working solution on carriers (flexible medium substrates) such as fiber fabrics and the like in a missing way to form required design patterns; the pattern may be self-programming defined;
6) drying the printed test piece by post-treatment processes such as pre-drying, closed baking and the like; forming a patch of a flexible antenna.
The patch prepared by the preparation method is used as a combination of a metal patch and a medium of the flexible antenna, and the flexible antenna with good electromagnetic property is further prepared by adopting the existing flexible antenna preparation process.
Wherein, the post-treatment process comprises two steps: the first step is pre-baking, and the second step is closed baking (air isolation); if the flexible medium substrate is a cellulose fiber fabric, pre-baking for 15-30s by adopting infrared rays, and baking for 4-5min in a closed manner at the baking temperature of 115-125 ℃; if the flexible medium substrate is a chemical fiber fabric, an infrared pre-drying or oven pre-drying is adopted for 30-40s, the pre-drying temperature is 95-115 ℃, the closed baking is carried out for 2.5-3min, and the baking temperature is 130-.
The preparation of the conductive working solution comprises the following steps:
conductive components: the nanometer metal particles and the oxides, chlorides and the like (specifically comprising nanometer silver powder, graphene, nanometer zinc oxide, nanometer copper oxide, aluminum oxide, nanometer titanium dioxide, nanometer ferric oxide, tin oxide, nanometer aluminum powder, zinc chloride and the like) account for 3-12% of the mass of the nanometer metal particles in the working solution;
(ii) a binder component: LA132 type water-based adhesive (Sichuan Diele science and technology limited), the mass of which accounts for 2.5-5% of the working solution; aqueous polyurethane (0.8-1.4%, Zhejiang chemical dye assistant Co., Ltd.);
③ stabilizer component: glycerol (0.05-0.1%); peregal (0.1-0.2%);
thickener component: emulsion paste M (35-45%), CMC (2-3.5%), etc.;
the cross-linking agent comprises the following components: crosslinker EH (1.6-2.5%);
sixthly, other components: NNO dispersant (0.2-0.5%), triethanolamine (0.1-0.2%), softening agent (added in right amount according to style and specific requirements); sodium phytate (0.2-0.3% to prevent excessive oxidation of magnetic particles and reduce wave-absorbing efficacy), and phytic acid softener (0.01-0.025%).
Softening water: 100 percent is prepared.
In the process of 'skip printing':
if the ink is printed on a Japanese east stretching flat screen printing machine, the printing speed is 30-40 m/min; the width was 1.55 m.
If the ink is printed on a German MBK rotary screen printing, the printing speed is 55-70 m/min; the width was 2.15 m.
The following is illustrated by specific examples:
example 1
At 40g/m2The method for preparing the flexible antenna patch by using the all-cotton plain weave fabric as the flexible medium base material comprises the following specific steps:
1) the all-cotton plain weave fabric is cut into a proper size, and dust on the surface is blown off in a vacuum environment with 0.4 atmospheric pressure, so that the electrostatic effect is eliminated, and the influence of the dust on the process and the performance is reduced;
2) fixing the treated all-cotton plain woven fabric on a printing bedplate;
3) preparing a conductive working solution:
conductive components: weighing 10kg of conductive components; in the conductive components, 2kg of nano silver powder, 0.5kg of graphene, 0.5kg of nano zinc oxide, 1kg of nano copper oxide, 1kg of aluminum oxide, 1.5kg of nano titanium dioxide, 1kg of nano iron sesquioxide, 1kg of tin oxide, 1kg of nano aluminum powder and 0.5kg of zinc chloride;
(ii) a binder component: 3kg of LA132 type aqueous binder; 1kg of waterborne polyurethane;
③ stabilizer component: 0.08kg of glycerin; peregal 0.15 kg;
thickener component: emulsion paste M40 kg, CMC 3 kg;
the cross-linking agent comprises the following components: 2kg of crosslinking agent EH;
sixthly, other components: 0.3kg of NNO dispersant, 0.15kg of triethanolamine and 0.2kg of softening agent; 0.25kg of sodium phytate and 0.015kg of phytic acid water softener.
Softening water: 100 percent is prepared.
4) Placing the conductive working solution into a color frame of a rotary screen printing machine, and controlling automatic lifting, automatic shifting and automatic scraping of the color frame by an existing automatic control mechanism;
5) adopting a 'printing missing' process to print the conductive working solution onto the all-cotton plain weave fabric in a missing mode, wherein the printing speed is 60m/min, and the breadth is 2.15 m; forming a required design pattern; the pattern may be self-programming defined;
6) and (3) pre-baking the printed test piece for 25s by adopting infrared rays, and then baking the test piece for 4.5min in a closed manner at the baking temperature of about 120 ℃ to form the patch of the flexible antenna. And then processing to obtain the flexible antenna.
Example 2
The difference between this example and example 1 is that this example is 21g/m2Wallpaper is used as a flexible medium base material, and in the method steps, infrared pre-baking or oven pre-baking is adopted for 30s, the pre-baking temperature is about 100 ℃, the sealing baking is carried out for 4min, the baking temperature is about 118 ℃, and the patch of the flexible antenna is prepared. And then processing to obtain the flexible antenna.
Example 3
The difference between this example and example 1 is that this example uses 70g/m2The method comprises the steps of adopting the polyester plain weave fabric as a flexible medium base material, carrying out prebaking for 35s by adopting an infrared prebaking or an oven, wherein the prebaking temperature is about 110 ℃, carrying out closed baking for 3min, and the baking temperature is about 140 ℃, thus preparing the patch of the flexible antenna. And then processing to obtain the flexible antenna.
Example 4
The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that this embodiment uses 540g/m2The acrylic carpet is used as a flexible medium base material and is printed by a flat screen printing machine, the printing speed is 35m/min, and the breadth is 1.55 m; and (3) carrying out infrared pre-baking or oven pre-baking for 35s at the pre-baking temperature of about 110 ℃, sealing and baking for 2.5min at the baking temperature of about 135 ℃, and preparing the patch of the flexible antenna. And then processing to obtain the flexible antenna.
By performing performance testing on the flexible antenna prepared in the above four embodiments, corresponding performance testing parameters (table 1 below) are as follows:
TABLE 1
In the context of table 1, the following,
example 1: 40g/m2The all-cotton plain weave fabric has the softness of 3.4/cm and the washing fastness of 5 grade, the adopted processing equipment is a rotary screen printing machine, the return loss is-29.8 dB, and the bandwidth is about 1.05 GHz.
Example 2: 21g/m2The wallpaper has the softness of 1.2/cm and the scrubbing resistance times of 40 times, the processing equipment is a rotary screen printing machine, the return loss is-32.3 dB, and the bandwidth is about 1.07 GHz.
Example 3: 70g/m2The terylene plain weave fabric has the softness of 4.8/cm and the washing fastness of 5 grade, the adopted processing equipment is a circular screen printing machine, the return loss is-28.6 dB, and the bandwidth is about 1.03 GHz.
Example 4: 540g/m2The acrylic carpet has the softness of 12.8/cm and the washing fastness of 5 grade, the adopted processing equipment is a flat screen printing machine, the return loss is-27.2 dB, and the bandwidth is about 1.02 GHz.
The invention is described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the specific implementations of the invention are not limited in this respect. Various insubstantial improvements are made by adopting the method conception and the technical scheme of the invention; the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and can be modified in various ways.
Claims (6)
1. A preparation method of a patch of a flexible antenna is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) carrying out dust removal pretreatment on the flexible medium substrate;
2) printing the conductive working solution on the pretreated flexible medium matrix in a leaking manner to obtain a printed test piece;
3) drying the test piece through pre-drying and closed baking to form a patch of the flexible antenna;
the conductive working solution is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 3 to 12 percent of conductive component, 3.3 to 6.4 percent of adhesive component, 0.15 to 0.3 percent of stabilizer component, 37 to 48.5 percent of thickener component, 1.6 to 2.5 percent of cross linker component, 0.2 to 0.5 percent of dispersant, 0.1 to 0.2 percent of triethanolamine, 0.2 to 0.3 percent of sodium phytate and 0.01 to 0.025 percent of water softener;
the adhesive component comprises LA132 type water-based adhesive and water-based polyurethane, wherein the mass percent of the LA132 type water-based adhesive in the conductive working solution is 2.5-5%, and the mass percent of the water-based polyurethane in the conductive working solution is 0.8-1.4%;
the stabilizer component comprises 0.05-0.1% of glycerol and 0.1-0.2% of peregal by mass in the conductive working solution;
the thickener comprises 35-45% of emulsion paste and 2-3.5% of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.
2. A method for manufacturing a patch for a flexible antenna according to claim 1, wherein the dust removal pretreatment in step 1) is performed under vacuum.
3. A method of manufacturing a patch for a flexible antenna according to claim 1, wherein said conductive component is nano-metal particles and oxides and chlorides thereof.
4. The method for preparing a patch for a flexible antenna according to claim 1, wherein the step 2) is carried out by a flat screen printing machine, the printing speed is 30-40m/min, and the width is 1.55 m; printing with a rotary screen printer at a printing speed of 55-70m/min and a width of 2.15 m.
5. The method for manufacturing a patch for a flexible antenna according to claim 1, wherein the flexible dielectric substrate is a fiber fabric, and the drying in step 3) is performed by infrared pre-drying for 15-40s, and sealing and baking for 2.5-5min at a baking temperature of 115 ℃ and 145 ℃.
6. A flexible antenna comprising a patch, wherein the patch is produced by the production method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
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| CN110207729A (en) * | 2019-05-08 | 2019-09-06 | 武汉飞帛丝科技有限公司 | A kind of flexible electronic skin |
| CN110212292B (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2021-03-30 | 北京友道互联电子商务有限公司 | Manufacturing method of inverted-F antenna and inverted-F antenna |
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