CN108731641B - A tunnel multi-section, multi-angle measurement structure convergence device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a tunnel multi-section multi-angle measuring structure convergence device, which is characterized in that a lifter main body, a lower adjusting rod, an upper adjusting rod, a bracket ring main body and an electronic displacement meter are arranged, the height of the instrument is adjusted by utilizing a hand-operated screw rod, the electronic displacement meter can measure any position and any angle in a tunnel and the like through adjusting the position and the angle of the bracket ring on the upper screw rod, the number of measuring sections can be measured by adding the bracket ring, the traditional mechanical measuring instrument is improved into an electronic type, a time device is arranged on the measuring instrument, the position change of an elastic rod is converted into an electric signal, the electric signal is transmitted to the instrument device through a lead, the data display instrument converts the electric signal into a reading, and the reading is directly displayed on a display screen, so that a tester is not required to observe the data by the instrument, the time is saved, and the efficiency is improved. Therefore, the invention has the characteristics of simple structure, convenient operation, wide application range, high reading speed and high measuring precision.

Description

A tunnel multi-section, multi-angle measurement structure convergence device

Technical Field

The invention relates to a device and method for measuring structural convergence in a tunnel model experiment, and in particular to a device for measuring structural convergence in multiple sections and multiple angles of a tunnel, belonging to the field of geotechnical testing instruments.

Background technique

The deformation of each point around the tunnel surrounding rock tending to the tunnel center is called convergence. Convergence measurement is an important measurement item in the indoor model test of the tunnel. The convergence measurement value is the most basic measurement data. By observing the clearance convergence amount and speed around the surrounding rock, the change law of the surrounding rock inside with time can be grasped, so as to judge the deformation of the surrounding rock and provide a basis for the secondary support time, so as to ensure that the deformation of the structure is within the total deformation, so as to guide the construction.

At present, there are two main instruments for measuring the convergence displacement of indoor tunnel model structures: ① mechanical, such as a dial indicator; ② electronic, such as a laser rangefinder. The main problem with the mechanical type is that there is no timing device and it cannot read quickly and accurately. The main problem with the electronic type is that the instrument is more complicated to use, has higher environmental conditions, is expensive, and cannot be widely used in model tests.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a tunnel multi-section, multi-angle measurement structure convergence device to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

A tunnel multi-section and multi-angle measurement structure convergence device comprises a lifter body, a lower adjustment rod, an upper adjustment rod, a bracket ring body and an electronic displacement meter, wherein the lower end of the lower adjustment rod is fixed to the lifting device of the lifter body, one end of the upper adjustment rod is fixedly connected to the upper end of the lower adjustment rod, the bracket ring body is an annular body, a plurality of mounting holes are arranged around the annular body of the bracket ring body, the electronic displacement meter (detachably mounted in the mounting holes around the annular body of the bracket ring body, the electronic displacement meter is connected to a data display instrument via a signal transmission line, and the data display instrument is used to collect detection signals through the electronic displacement meter for display.

Furthermore, a plurality of bracket ring bodies are installed on the upper adjusting rod.

Furthermore, the lift body includes a fixed base and a hand-cranked screw lift, and the hand-cranked screw lift is fixedly connected to the fixed base via a welding bracket.

Furthermore, the bracket ring body includes an outer sleeve and an inner sleeve sleeved on the upper adjusting rod, the outer sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the inner sleeve, and the side walls of the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve are provided with screw holes, which are fixed to the upper adjusting rod by screws; a sleeve guide rail is provided on the outside of the outer sleeve, and also includes a bracket ring sleeve, the bracket ring sleeve is provided with an inner sleeve guide rail through hole, the bracket ring sleeve is sleeved on the outer sleeve, and a plurality of connecting rods are provided on the outside of the bracket ring sleeve, and the electronic displacement meter is fixed to the connecting rod by threaded connection.

Furthermore, the lower adjusting rod and the upper adjusting rod are both screw rods, the lower adjusting rod is connected to the lifting rod of the hand-cranked screw lifter through threads, and the lower adjusting rod is connected to the upper adjusting rod through a two-way threaded sleeve.

Furthermore, the inner sleeve is provided with an internal thread, and the inner sleeve is connected to the upper adjusting rod through a threaded sleeve.

Furthermore, a threaded sleeve for connecting to a connecting rod is provided at one end of the electronic displacement meter, and an elastic rod is provided at the other end, and a measuring body in the electronic displacement meter is connected via the elastic rod, and the measuring body is connected to a data display instrument via a signal output wire.

Furthermore, the data display includes a data acquisition controller, which is connected to the signal output wire via a data input wire. The data display also includes a data display screen and a timing screen arranged on the data display. The data display is also provided with a switch button. The data display screen and the timing screen are both connected to the data acquisition device.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

The invention discloses a multi-section and multi-angle measurement structure convergence device for a tunnel, comprising a lifter body, a lower adjustment rod, an upper adjustment rod, a bracket ring body and an electronic displacement meter, wherein the lower end of the lower adjustment rod is fixed on the lifting device of the lifter body, one end of the upper adjustment rod is fixedly connected to the upper end of the lower adjustment rod, the bracket ring body is fixedly mounted on the upper adjustment rod, the bracket ring body is an annular body, and a plurality of mounting holes are arranged around the annular body of the bracket ring body, the electronic displacement meter is connected to a data display through a signal transmission line, the data display is used to collect detection signals through the electronic displacement meter, the height of the instrument is adjusted by a hand-cranked screw rod, and the electronic displacement meter can be adjusted in position and angle through the bracket ring on the upper screw rod so as to measure any position and any angle inside the excavated tunnel, lane, etc., and more bracket rings can be added for measurement according to the number of measurement sections. The previous mechanical measuring instrument is improved to an electronic one, and the measuring instrument is provided with a time device, the position change of the elastic rod is converted into an electrical signal, which is transmitted to the data display instrument through a wire, and the data display instrument converts the electrical signal into a reading, which is directly displayed on a display screen, saving time and improving efficiency. Therefore, the present invention has the characteristics of simple structure, convenient operation, wide application range, fast reading speed and high measuring accuracy.

Furthermore, by fixing multiple bracket rings on the upper screw rod, electronic displacement meters can be placed on multiple test sections at the same time, and the convergence deformation of multiple angles such as the arch top, arch bottom, left and right arch waists can be measured, thereby realizing the measurement of multiple sections of the tunnel model.

Furthermore, the bracket ring is connected and fixed by bolt connection, hexagon socket set screw fixation and embedded fixation, which makes the electronic displacement meter more stable and more accurate in the tunnel.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixing bracket of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a hand-operated screw lifter according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the worm gear structure inside the screw lift of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the circular ring structure of the support of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic displacement meter of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the electronic displacement meter structure installation of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a data display screen of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hexagon socket set screw of the present invention.

Among them, 1. elevator body; 2. lower adjustment rod; 3. two-way threaded sleeve; 4. upper adjustment rod; 5. inner sleeve; 6. outer sleeve; 7. bracket ring sleeve; 8. signal output wire; 9. elastic rod; 10. threaded sleeve; 11. threaded rod; 12. data input wire; 13. data display; 14. data display screen; 15. timing screen; 16. switch button; 17. tunnel surrounding rock; 18. electronic displacement meter; 19. fixed bracket body; 20. bracket ring body; 21. connecting rod; 22. hand crank; 23. fixed base; 24. welding bracket; 25. hand-cranked screw elevator; 26. worm gear; 27. worm; 29. hexagon socket screw.

Detailed ways

The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

As shown in Figures 1 to 9, a tunnel multi-section, multi-angle measurement structure convergence device includes a lift body 1, a lower adjustment rod 2, an upper adjustment rod 4, a bracket ring body 20 and an electronic displacement meter 18. The lower end of the lower adjustment rod 2 is fixed to the lifting device of the lift body 1, and one end of the upper adjustment rod 4 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the lower adjustment rod 2. The bracket ring body 20 is fixedly installed on the upper adjustment rod 4. The bracket ring body 20 is an annular body, and a plurality of mounting holes are provided around the annular body of the bracket ring body 20. The electronic displacement meter 18 is detachably installed in the mounting holes around the annular body of the bracket ring body 20. The electronic displacement meter 18 is connected to a data display via a signal transmission line 8. The data display is used to collect detection signals through the electronic displacement meter 18 for display.

Specifically, a plurality of bracket ring bodies 20 are mounted on the upper adjustment rod 4;

The lift body 1 includes a fixed base 23 and a hand-cranked screw lift 25. The hand-cranked screw lift 25 is fixedly connected to the fixed base 23 by a welding bracket 24. The hand-cranked screw lift 25 is a worm gear transmission mechanism. As shown in FIG4 , the worm 27 in the hand-cranked screw lift 25 is connected to the worm gear 26 through the hand-cranked lever 22 to drive the worm gear 26, thereby realizing the lifting and lowering of the lifting rod of the hand-cranked screw lift 25.

The lower adjusting rod 2 and the upper adjusting rod 4 are both screw rods, the lower adjusting rod 2 is connected to the lifting rod of the hand-cranked screw lifting machine 25 through threads, and the lower adjusting rod 2 is connected to the upper adjusting rod 4 through a two-way threaded sleeve 3;

The bracket annular body 20 includes an outer sleeve 6 and an inner sleeve 5 sleeved on the upper adjustment rod 4, the outer sleeve 6 is sleeved on the outer side of the inner sleeve 5, and the side walls of the outer sleeve 6 and the inner sleeve 5 are both provided with screw holes, which are fixed to the upper adjustment rod 4 by screws; the outer side of the outer sleeve 6 is provided with a sleeve guide rail, and also includes a bracket annular sleeve 7, the bracket annular sleeve 7 is sleeved on the outer sleeve 6, and a plurality of connecting rods 21 are evenly provided on the outer side of the bracket annular sleeve 7, and the electronic displacement meter 18 is fixed to the connecting rod 21 by threaded connection; the outer sleeve 6 and the inner sleeve 5 are fixed to the connecting rod 21 by hexagon socket screws 29;

The electronic displacement meter 18 has a threaded sleeve 10 at one end for connecting with the connecting rod 21, and an elastic rod 9 at the other end, which is connected to the measuring body in the electronic displacement meter 18 through the elastic rod 9, and the measuring body is connected to the data display through the signal output wire 8;

Specifically, the connecting rod 21 and the electronic displacement meter 18 are connected through the threaded rod 11; the two ends of the threaded rod 11 are respectively threadedly connected to the connecting rod 21 and the electronic displacement meter 18;

The connecting rod 21 is provided with a hexagonal nut, which is fixedly connected to the threaded sleeve 10 at one end of the electronic displacement meter 18 through the hexagonal nut, so as to facilitate the angle adjustment of the electronic displacement meter 18;

Specifically, the inner sleeve 5 is provided with an internal thread, and the inner sleeve 5 is connected to the upper adjustment rod 4 through a threaded sleeve, and the fixed position of the inner sleeve 5 is adjusted according to the detection position;

The data display instrument 13 includes a data acquisition controller, which is connected to the signal output wire 8 through a data input wire 12. The data display instrument 13 also includes a data display screen 14 and a timing screen 15 arranged on the data display instrument 13. The data display instrument 13 is also provided with a switch button 16. The data display screen 14 and the timing screen 15 are both connected to the data acquisition device;

The fixed support body adjusts the height of the lower adjustment rod 2 through a hand-cranked screw lifter 25. The lower adjustment rod and the upper adjustment rod 4 are bolted together through a two-way threaded sleeve 3, and the length can be adjusted according to the depth of the tunnel model. After the inner sleeve 5 is fixed at a certain position of the upper adjustment rod 4 through two M10 hexagon socket set screws 29, the outer sleeve 6 is inserted into the small steel pipe and fixed with two M8 hexagon socket set screws 29, and then embedded in the support ring sleeve 7 for fixing, to form a support ring body 20, and then in the support ring sleeve 7 The connecting rod 21 of the connecting rod 21 The internal threaded cylinder at the lower end of the electronic displacement meter body 18 is bolted through a threaded short rod, and its length and the number of sections to be measured are set according to the size requirements of the tunnel surrounding rock 17 and the test requirements. The combination of the bracket ring body 20 is set according to the position and angle of the measurement section of the tunnel model test. The switch button 16 of the data display instrument 13 is turned on, and the data is transmitted to the data input wire 12 to the data display screen 14 through the signal output wire 8 of the electronic displacement meter body 18, so that the displacement data and time are displayed on the data display screen 14 and the timing screen 15 at the same time;

Place the screw lift body 1 at an appropriate position outside the excavated tunnel entrance, adjust the lower adjusting rod 2 to a suitable height through the hand crank, bolt the two-way threaded sleeve 3 and the upper adjusting rod 4, and then adjust the bracket ring body 20 to the position of the upper adjusting rod 4 to reach the part to be measured and adjust the measuring angle, and determine the number of measuring sections according to needs, and then install the electronic displacement meter body 18, enter the hole for measurement, at this time turn on the switch button 16 to observe the data display screen 14, and fine-tune the lower adjusting rod 2 and the upper adjusting rod 4 to make the data reach the appropriate initial data. After the installation is completed, the displacement data at different times can be recorded according to the time of the timing screen 15.

The internal structure of the hand-cranked screw lift is mainly composed of a worm wheel, a worm, and a nut with an iron arc. The diameter of the worm wheel is 90mm, the gear, and the worm pitch is 4mm. The external structure is composed of a fixed mold and a hand crank. The hand crank drives the worm to rotate, thereby driving the worm wheel to rotate. The rotation of the worm wheel causes the nut to be driven, and then the lower screw can be moved up and down for height adjustment. The bottom of the hand-cranked screw lift is reserved with a diameter of the same size as the lower screw, which is conducive to height adjustment;

The height of the instrument can be adjusted by a hand-cranked screw, and the position and angle of the electronic displacement meter can be adjusted on the upper screw through the bracket ring, so that any position and angle inside the excavated tunnel, laneway, etc. can be measured, and more bracket rings can be added for measurement according to the number of measurement sections. The previous mechanical measuring instrument is improved to an electronic one, and the measuring instrument is provided with a time device. The position change of the elastic rod is converted into an electrical signal, which is transmitted to the instrument device through a wire. The data display converts the electrical signal into a reading and displays it directly on the display screen. Save time and improve efficiency. Therefore, the present invention has the characteristics of simple structure, convenient operation, wide application range, fast reading speed and high measurement accuracy.

By fixing multiple bracket rings on the upper screw rod, electronic displacement meters can be placed on multiple test sections at the same time, and the convergence deformation of multiple angles such as the arch top, arch bottom, left and right arch waists can be measured, thereby realizing the measurement of multiple sections of the tunnel model.

The bracket ring is connected and fixed by bolt connection, hexagon socket set screw fixation and embedded fixation, making the electronic displacement meter more stable and more accurate in the tunnel.

Claims (2)

1. A tunnel multi-section, multi-angle measurement structure convergence device, characterized in that it comprises a lifter body (1), a lower adjustment rod (2), an upper adjustment rod (4), a bracket ring body (20) and an electronic displacement meter (18), wherein the lower end of the lower adjustment rod (2) is fixed to the lifting device of the lifter body (1), one end of the upper adjustment rod (4) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the lower adjustment rod (2), the bracket ring body (20) is fixedly mounted on the upper adjustment rod (4), the bracket ring body (20) is an annular body, and a plurality of mounting holes are arranged around the annular body of the bracket ring body (20), and the electronic displacement meter (18) is detachably mounted on the bracket ring body (2 0) In the mounting holes around the annular body, the electronic displacement meter (18) is connected to a data display via a signal transmission line (8), and the data display is used for the electronic displacement meter (18) to collect detection signals for display. A plurality of bracket annular bodies (20) are mounted on the upper adjustment rod (4), and the elevator body (1) includes a fixed base (23) and a hand-cranked screw lift (25). The hand-cranked screw lift (25) is fixedly connected to the fixed base (23) via a welding bracket (24). The bracket annular body (20) includes an outer sleeve (6) and an inner sleeve (5) sleeved on the upper adjustment rod (4), and the outer sleeve (6) is sleeved on the outer surface of the inner sleeve (5). The outer sleeve (6) and the inner sleeve (5) are both provided with screw holes on their side walls and are fixed to the upper adjustment rod (4) by screws; the outer sleeve (6) is provided with a sleeve guide rail on its outside, and also includes a bracket annular sleeve (7); the bracket annular sleeve (7) is provided with an inner sleeve guide rail through hole; the bracket annular sleeve (7) is sleeved on the outer sleeve (6); a plurality of connecting rods (21) are provided on the outer side of the bracket annular sleeve (7); the electronic displacement meter (18) and the connecting rods (21) are fixed by threaded connection; the connecting rods (21) are provided with a hexagon socket nut and are fixedly connected to a threaded sleeve (10) at one end of the electronic displacement meter (18) by the hexagon socket nut; the inner sleeve (5) is provided with a The inner sleeve (5) is connected to the upper adjusting rod (4) through a threaded sleeve and fixed with a hexagon socket screw. The lower adjusting rod (2) and the upper adjusting rod (4) are both screw rods. The lower adjusting rod (2) is connected to the lifting rod of the hand-cranked screw lifting machine (25) through a threaded sleeve. The lower adjusting rod (2) and the upper adjusting rod (4) are connected through a two-way threaded sleeve (3). One end of the electronic displacement meter (18) is provided with a threaded sleeve (10) for connecting with the connecting rod (21), and the other end is provided with an elastic rod (9). The measuring body in the electronic displacement meter (18) is connected through the elastic rod (9), and the measuring body is connected to the data display instrument through a signal transmission line (8). 2. According to claim 1, a tunnel multi-section, multi-angle measurement structure convergence device is characterized in that the data display (13) includes a data acquisition controller, which is connected to the signal transmission line (8) through a data input wire (12), and the data display (13) also includes a data display screen (14) and a timing screen (15) arranged on the data display (13). The data display (13) is also provided with a switch button (16), and the data display screen (14) and the timing screen (15) are both connected to the data acquisition device.