CN108723838B

CN108723838B - Cutter attachment

Info

Publication number: CN108723838B
Application number: CN201810916793.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 罗世通; 董振
Original assignee: North University of China
Current assignee: North University of China
Priority date: 2017-08-25
Filing date: 2018-08-13
Publication date: 2023-09-22
Anticipated expiration: 2038-08-13
Also published as: CN108723838A

Abstract

A tool attachment comprising: the spring is connected with the cutter handle and sleeved outside the cutter; the center of the spring overlaps the center of the cutter. The cutter attachment adopting the scheme comprises a spring, a cutter handle and a cutter, wherein the spring is connected with the cutter handle and sleeved on the outer side of the cutter; the center of the spring overlaps the center of the cutter. The knife handle clamps the knife tool and feeds the knife tool to the direction of the workpiece. When the spring is in contact with the workpiece, the spring applies an active pressure to the workpiece to press the drilling area of the workpiece, so that the axial force of drilling is fully counteracted, and the occurrence of drilling layering defects is inhibited. Moreover, the hydraulic and pneumatic device does not contain other hydraulic and pneumatic devices, does not contain an electric control element, and is relatively simple to operate and low in cost.

Description

Cutter attachment

[ field of technology ]

The invention relates to the technical field of industrial processing, in particular to a cutter attachment.

[ background Art ]

In the drilling process, in order to inhibit the occurrence of delamination defects of the fiber reinforced composite material, a metal plate is placed under a workpiece in a relatively common way, so that the metal plate and the composite material are clamped together, and a pressure opposite to the drilling axial force is generated at a to-be-machined position to counteract the drilling delamination defects caused by the drilling axial force.

[ invention ]

Based on this, in order to solve the technical problem of the drilling delamination defect, it is necessary to provide a tool attachment.

A tool attachment comprising: the spring is connected with the cutter handle and sleeved outside the cutter; the center of the spring overlaps the center of the cutter.

In one embodiment, the spring is cylindrical, conical, funnel-shaped, or a combination thereof in cross-section.

In one embodiment, the spring is provided with a plurality of winding density areas, and the winding density of the winding density areas is sequentially decreased or increased.

In one embodiment, the diameter of the spring decreases in sequence along the direction of extension of the spring.

In one embodiment, the spring is tapered in cross section, and the included angle between the side surface of the spring and the horizontal plane is 30-60 degrees.

In one embodiment, the cross section of the spring is conical, each ring of the side surface of the spring is wound, and the included angle between the side surface of the winding and the horizontal plane is sequentially increased or decreased.

In one embodiment, the spring is funnel-shaped in cross section, and the ratio of the radius of the smallest circle to the radius of the largest circle is greater than 1:4.

In one embodiment, the spring is detachably connected to the handle.

In one embodiment, the ends of the springs are tied and ground flat.

In an embodiment, the device further comprises a telescopic protective cover, a rubber ring is arranged at the bottom end of the telescopic protective cover, and the telescopic protective cover is sleeved outside the spring.

The cutter attachment adopting the scheme comprises a spring, a cutter handle and a cutter, wherein the spring is connected with the cutter handle and sleeved on the outer side of the cutter; the center of the spring overlaps the center of the cutter. The knife handle clamps the knife tool and feeds the knife tool to the direction of the workpiece. When the spring is in contact with the workpiece, the spring applies an active pressure to the workpiece to press the drilling area of the workpiece, so that the axial force of drilling is fully counteracted, and the occurrence of drilling layering defects is inhibited. Moreover, the hydraulic and pneumatic device does not contain other hydraulic and pneumatic devices, does not contain an electric control element, and is relatively simple to operate and low in cost.

In addition, this scheme still is provided with the protection casing, and this protection casing cover is established in the outside of spring can collect the smear metal in the sealed region to protection lathe and operating personnel.

[ description of the drawings ]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a tool attachment in one embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a spring in one embodiment;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a spring in one embodiment having a cylindrical cross-section;

FIG. 4 is a force diagram of an embodiment in which the spring is cylindrical in cross-section;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a spring with a tapered cross section in one embodiment;

FIG. 6 is a force diagram of an embodiment in which the cross section of the spring is tapered;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a spring in one embodiment having a funnel-shaped cross section;

FIG. 8 is a force diagram of an embodiment in which the cross section of the spring is funnel-shaped;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a spring in one embodiment having a combination of cylindrical and conical cross-section;

FIG. 10 is a force diagram of a combination of cylindrical and conical cross-section of a spring in one embodiment;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a spring in one embodiment having a combination of cylindrical and funnel-shaped cross-sections;

FIG. 12 is a force diagram of a combination of a cylindrical shape and a funnel shape in cross section of a spring in one embodiment;

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of an angle θ between a slope of a spring and a horizontal plane in one embodiment;

FIG. 14 is a schematic view showing an angle beta between the inclined surface of the spring and the horizontal plane in another embodiment;

FIG. 15 is a schematic view of a minimum radius R and a maximum radius R of a funnel spring according to one embodiment;

FIG. 16 is a schematic view of a coil density region of a spring in one embodiment;

FIG. 17 is a perspective view of a tool attachment with a shield according to one embodiment

FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view of a tool attachment with a protective cover according to one embodiment;

fig. 19 is a perspective view of a knife attachment with a protective cover in one embodiment.

[ detailed description ] of the invention

For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by a person skilled in the art without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.

In the field of machining technology, with reference to fig. 1-2, there is generally a special machining device for machining a workpiece, including: the main body of the processing device, namely a drilling machine (not shown), a processing area of the drilling machine is provided with a cutter handle 1, and the cutter handle 1 clamps a cutter 2. In the machining process, corresponding cutters 2 are selected according to different machined workpieces and are arranged at the cutter handle 1, so that the cutters 2 are converted.

Referring to fig. 1-2, there is shown an embodiment of a tool attachment comprising: the spring 3 is connected with the knife handle 1 and sleeved outside the knife 2; the center of the spring 3 overlaps the center of the cutter 2.

Specifically, the spring 3 is formed by winding a ring, and is generally made of metal with better elasticity. The spring 3 is sleeved on the outer side of the cutter 2, and the center of the spring 3 is overlapped with the center of the cutter 2, so that the stress of the spring 3 is balanced in the machining process of the cutter 2.

Further, the spring 3 is detachably connected to the handle 1, and specific connection manners (not shown) include, but are not limited to: the spring 3 is connected with the knife handle 1 into a whole through a fastener; the clamping interface is arranged to realize the clamping connection between the spring 3 and the knife handle 1; the clamping grooves and the clamping blocks are respectively arranged at the knife handle 1 and the spring 3, so that the spring 3 is clamped with the knife handle 1; the caliber of the spring 3 is slightly smaller than that of the knife handle 1, and the spring 3 is elastically fastened at the knife handle 1.

By adopting the tool attachment device of the scheme, the tool handle 1 clamps the tool 2 and feeds the tool in the direction of the workpiece, when the spring 3 contacts with the workpiece, the spring 3 applies active pressure to the workpiece to compress the drilling processing area of the workpiece, so that the axial force of drilling is fully counteracted, and the occurrence of drilling layering defects is restrained.

Referring to fig. 3-12, there is shown an embodiment of a cylindrical shape, a conical shape, a funnel shape or a combination thereof, and a corresponding stress graph, i.e. the cross section of the spring 3 is a cylindrical shape, a conical shape, a funnel shape or a combination thereof, and the spring 3 shows different stress curves corresponding to different shapes, so as to adapt to the requirements of applying force to different processed workpieces.

Specifically, the spring 3 is a housing body, and its cross section (along the feeding direction of the cutter 2) is cylindrical, conical, funnel-shaped or a combination thereof. The combination shape comprises the following combination modes: 9-10, the combination of the cylinder and the cone is that the upper part is cylindrical and the lower part is cone; a funnel shape resembling the shape of two conical tops oppositely disposed; 11-12, the combination of a cylindrical shape and a funnel shape, i.e., the upper portion is cylindrical and the lower portion is funnel-shaped.

The different shaped springs 3 are provided in order to be able to apply different forces to the machined work piece during machining to adapt to the machining requirements of different work pieces.

In other embodiments, with reference to fig. 13, the cross section of the spring 3 is conical, and the inclined plane of the spring forms an included angle theta with the horizontal plane of 30-60 degrees. Further, referring to fig. 14, the cross section of the spring 3 is a cone, each of the side windings is wound around the side surface, and the included angle β between the side surface of the winding and the horizontal plane is sequentially increased or decreased, for example, fig. 14 of this embodiment, and the included angle β is sequentially decreased by 5 degrees. The elastic force of the target can be obtained by adjusting the included angle of the cone, the most proper force is applied to the machining of the machined workpiece, the axial drilling force is more fully counteracted, and the occurrence of drilling layering defects is restrained.

In other embodiments, with reference to fig. 15, the cross section of the spring 3 is funnel-shaped, the ratio of the radius R of the smallest circle to the radius R of the largest circle is greater than 1:4, and the radius of the smallest circle is greater than the radius of the cutter 2. This arrangement ensures that the tool 2 is nested within the spring 3, while also ensuring that the spring 3 is not subjected to excessive forces in the middle of the spring 3 (at the smallest circle of the spring 3), resulting in the spring 3 being off-centered from the coaxial centre with the tool 2.

Referring to fig. 16, an embodiment is shown in which the spring 3 is provided with a plurality of winding density regions in which the winding density is sequentially decreased or increased.

Specifically, in the machining process, the force applied by the spring 3 to different workpieces is different, so that a plurality of winding density areas are further arranged on the spring 3, the winding turns of each winding density area are different, the winding density can be sequentially decreased or increased, and further, in the feeding process of the cutter 2, the spring 3 applies different elastic forces according to the feeding distance of the cutter 2. In this embodiment, the upper winding density region is 2 times the lower winding density region, i.e., the number of winding turns in the upper portion is 2 times the number of winding turns in the lower portion.

In other embodiments, various variations of the spring force implementation can also be achieved by varying the diameter of the spring 3 (not shown). In other embodiments, the diameter of the spring 3 decreases in sequence along the direction of extension of the spring 3.

17-19, an embodiment is shown in which the tool attachment further comprises a retractable guard 4, the bottom end of the retractable guard 4 is provided with a rubber ring 5, and the retractable guard 4 is sleeved outside the spring 3.

In this embodiment, the telescopic protection cover 4 and the spring 3 are fixed to the cutter handle 1 together through the screw 7 by adopting the fastening ring 6, and move along with the cutter 2, and the rubber ring 5 arranged at the bottom end of the telescopic protection cover 4 plays a certain sealing role when contacting with a workpiece, so that the chips generated in the drilling process are prevented from splashing everywhere, and the collection is convenient.

In other embodiments, a chip collecting device (not shown), such as a negative pressure fan, may be provided to collect chips generated during the drilling process, so as to achieve the special function of collecting chips while drilling.

With an embodiment of the present solution, the working process of the tool attachment is described. Specifically, as the tool 2 moves up and down in a feed motion, the retractable guard 4 first contacts the workpiece as the drill drills down, sealing the workpiece machining area, preventing later generated chips from splashing to other areas. When the drill bit has just contacted the workpiece, the drilling process has started, the spring 3 has applied a top-down pressure on the workpiece in the immediate vicinity of the drilling area, pressing the workpiece. During the hole machining process, the spring 3 is further compressed as the tool 2 is fed continuously, and the pressure provided is gradually increased until the drilling process is finished, and the drill bit completely penetrates the workpiece. The drilling delamination defect of the fiber reinforced composite material mainly occurs at the drilling outlet, and the structure designed by the scheme can provide the maximum pressure just near the end of the drilling processing, and the supporting force of the metal plate under the workpiece to the workpiece reaches the maximum value at the moment, so that the drilling axial force can be offset to the greatest extent in two directions, and the drilling delamination defect, especially the delamination defect at the outlet, is restrained.

In addition, the scheme has no other hydraulic pressure and air pressure devices, does not contain an electric control element, and is relatively simple to operate and low in cost.

The foregoing examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the invention and are described in detail herein without thereby limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which are all within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present invention is to be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A tool attachment for machining a composite layered material, comprising: the spring is connected with the cutter handle and sleeved outside the cutter; the center of the spring is overlapped with the center of the cutter;

the spring is conical, and the included angle between the side surface of the section of the spring and the horizontal plane is 30-60 degrees; each ring of the side surface of the winding wire is wound, and the included angle between the side surface of the winding wire and the horizontal plane is reduced by 5 degrees in sequence.

2. The tool attachment of claim 1, wherein the spring is provided with a plurality of winding density regions, the winding density of the winding density regions decreasing or increasing in sequence.

3. The tool attachment of claim 2, wherein the diameter of the spring decreases in sequence along the direction of extension of the spring.

4. A tool attachment according to claim 1, wherein the spring is funnel-shaped in cross section, the ratio of the radius of the smallest circle to the radius of the largest circle being greater than 1:4, and the radius of the smallest circle being greater than the radius of the tool.

5. The tool attachment of any one of claims 1-4, wherein the spring is removably coupled to the handle.

6. The tool attachment of any of claims 1-4, wherein the ends of the spring are butted and ground flat.

7. The tool attachment of any of claims 1-4, further comprising a telescoping shield having a rubber ring at a bottom end thereof, the telescoping shield being sleeved outside the spring.