CN108723715A - A method of with bar working nozzle shell - Google Patents
A method of with bar working nozzle shell Download PDFInfo
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- CN108723715A CN108723715A CN201810541920.2A CN201810541920A CN108723715A CN 108723715 A CN108723715 A CN 108723715A CN 201810541920 A CN201810541920 A CN 201810541920A CN 108723715 A CN108723715 A CN 108723715A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P2700/00—Indexing scheme relating to the articles being treated, e.g. manufactured, repaired, assembled, connected or other operations covered in the subgroups
- B23P2700/13—Parts of turbine combustion chambers
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Milling Processes (AREA)
- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of method with bar working nozzle shell, using bar as woollen, is got on the bus out mounting plate and for processing the eccentric cylinder for forming nozzle body bar portion in bar using the method for turnery processing, bores multiple mounting holes on a mounting board；Then the processing of nozzle body bar portion and head is carried out；Eccentric cylinder is machined to form cone, cone tangent plane simultaneously removes bar portion type face side surplus, forms nozzle body bar portion；Bar is raised up in the horizontal direction an angle, and head axes is made to be horizontally oriented, and using wire cutting method slightly cropping portion external form, head rear end face is processed into plane, after being carried out with the plane positioning carry out the finishing of subsequent header；Then the processing of eight slot of head, working connection deep hole, auxiliary oil circuit deep hole and main jet hole etc. is carried out.Present invention eliminates forging, the design of spray and manufacturing times, save production cost, reduce the production cycle.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of processing methods of nozzle body class part, especially a kind of to use bar working nozzle shell
Method.
Background technology
Currently, more and more novel aero-engines enter the development stage successively.Fuel nozzle is to constitute aircraft gas
The important original paper of turbogenerator fuel system, the Fuel-supplying governing system of engine is connected by it with fuel system, is aircraft
Endlessly power output is provided.Nozzle body is with its appearance structure complexity, and otherness is big, bulk and technical conditions
More, manufacture difficulty is big and famous.It not only has the space overall dimensions for being difficult to and detecting, and also has and fuel jet, eddy flow
Molding surface size in the matched precision of the precision components such as core, difficulty of processing are very big.
Currently, in blank manufacture view, domestic nozzle body blank is all made of forging, casting structure, blank manufacture difficulty
Greatly, the period is long, expects that final blank manufacture is completed to generally require two, 30 procedures from former material, occupancy number of devices is big, raw
The period is produced up to the 2-3 months, and needs to use multiple forging dies or mold in manufacturing process, production cost is high.
Recently as the rapid development of increases material manufacturing technology, using the nozzle body woollen of 3D printing advanced
It is applied in scientific research machine, but its manufacturing cost is very high, a blank expense is up to hundreds thousand of members, the accuracy of manufacture
Need to be further increased.
Invention content
For problems of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of method with bar working nozzle shell, saves
Forging, the design of spray and manufacturing time save production cost, reduce the production cycle.
The present invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions：
A method of woollen slightly being gone using the method for turnery processing using bar as woollen with bar working nozzle shell
Surplus obtains the substantially contour structures of nozzle body, then obtains nozzle body by finishing.
Preferably, specially：Using turnery processing method bar get on the bus out mounting plate and for process form nozzle
Then the eccentric cylinder of shell bar portion bores multiple mounting holes on a mounting board；Determined with mounting plate lower surface and mounting hole
Position carries out the processing of nozzle body bar portion and head.
Further, center hole and process area, and process area are processed on one end end face of mounting plate on bar
It is coaxial with eccentric cylinder, for the clamping and centering in subsequent handling.
Further, the processing method of nozzle body bar portion is：Calculate bar portion center line and contour line on the left of bar portion
Angle α 4, the angle α 5 of bar portion center line and right-hand wheel profile carry out eccentric cylinder using the higher value in α 4 and α 5 as half-angle
Vehicle Processing forms cone, and reprocessing forms nozzle body bar portion.
Further, cone after processing is completed, using the method for wire cutting by cone tangent plane, and after removing wire cutting
Remelted layer, remove bar portion type face side surplus in such a way that Milling Machining center is four-axle linked, form nozzle body bar portion.
Further, the processing method on nozzle body head is：Bar is raised up in the horizontal direction first an angle [alpha] 6,
So that head axes is horizontally oriented, using wire cutting method slightly cropping portion external form, head rear end face is processed into plane, uses
Positioning carries out the finishing of subsequent header after the plane carries out.
Further, nozzle housing head external form is waited for after processing is completed, cavity groove in bit head, and use electrical discharge machining
Method process eight, head arc shaped groove.
Further, head arc shaped groove after processing is completed, working connection deep hole and auxiliary oil circuit deep hole is carried out using deep hole drilling machine
Processing, then milling oil inlet connects mouth slot, reaming hole, and processes auxiliary oil circuit fuel feed hole.
Further, auxiliary oil circuit fuel feed hole after processing is completed, using the method roughing main jet hole of electrical discharge machining, so
It is reamed afterwards using reamer, and using electric discharge machining method processing working connection outlet slot and auxiliary oil circuit outlet slot.
Preferably, nozzle body largest contours size is placed along bar axis, with 1:1 ratio, by nozzle body
Two dimension view model is packed into inside the two dimension view model of bar, position where determining the allowance of bar with analysis, then
The processing of nozzle body is carried out again.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has technique effect beneficial below：
The nozzle body that the present invention directly uses bar processing complicated, when eliminating forging, the design of spray and manufacture
Between, production cost is saved, production cycle half or so is reduced.Benchmark is difficult to determining problem, stick when compared to forging, Mechanical processing of casting
The choice bigger of benchmark, precision higher when material processing, are conducive to reduce accumulated error, improve part quality.Part is delivered
It is no longer restricted by blank supply situation, delivery initiative can be controlled.Part qualification rate is not forged, spray manufacture is smart
The influence of degree and consistency, qualification rate further increase.Benchmark easily chooses when bar is processed and regular shape, precision height are right
The design difficulty of clamp for machining and measuring tool substantially reduces, not high to the degree of dependence of special tooling, is conducive to saving and is produced into
This.
Further, the design basis and processing positioning datum place of mounting plate and mounting hole for entire part, is entire
Most important benchmark in Element Design and process, the processing at other positions be substantially all made of mounting plate and mounting hole into
When going and position, therefore using bar working nozzle shell, mounting plate and mounting hole should be processed first, then carried out again follow-up
Processing.Generally there are eccentric structures with mounting plate center for nozzle body bar portion, therefore should find out bias when slightly going surplus
Away from vehicle goes out eccentric cylinder, just can guarantee that bar portion surplus is effectively removed in this way.
Further, it since woollen size is larger, in order to facilitate the clamping and centering of subsequent handling, needs in oil inlet
End processes center hole and process area, can jointly be held out against by eccentric cylinder and process area to carry out in subsequent handling
Processing, it can be ensured that the stability of clamping when follow-up Vehicle Processing.And process area center is overlapped with eccentric cylinder center, in this way
The position of eccentric cylinder can be gone out by centering process area location determination, it can also be true when the bar portion conical surface is further processed
Protect top pressure face machine tool chief axis center.
Further, it in the process of nozzle body bar portion, goes to incite somebody to action by half-angle of the higher value in α 4 and α 5 when surplus
Eccentric cylinder machines to form cone, is otherwise likely to occur over-cutting and leads to bar portion misrun.
Further, since bar portion both sides are plane, the bar portion after Vehicle Processing is cone, at this time must also add cone
Work is plane, is most fast processing method using wire cutting tangent plane, and after cone is processed as plane, bar portion type face side still has
Outside micro allowance, four-axle linked mode is taken to process removal surplus by Milling Machining center, to obtain accurately bar
Contouring external form.
Further, when working nozzle housing head, since head rear end face is an inclined-plane, it is contemplated that when processing head
Cutting force is larger, contour localization low precision, therefore head rear end face is first processed into plane before Vehicle Processing head, finishing
It is positioned after being carried out with the plane when head, positioning accuracy can be improved.
Further, head round platform is raised up an angle [alpha] 6 in the horizontal direction, so that head axes is horizontally oriented, i.e.,
Strict guarantee head position degree, it is ensured that subsequent fine working nozzle housing head can be smoothed out, otherwise subsequent fine headstock
Bowlder will can not be processed due to outer circle misrun outside portion.
Further, since eight slot of head is interrupted shape, processing cannot achieve using the method for Vehicle Processing, therefore use
The method of electrical discharge machining is realized.
Further, working connection deep hole, auxiliary oil circuit deep hole reach 30 or more due to draw ratio, using common drilling machine or
Machining center drilling cannot achieve at all, and is limited by design of part, can not carry out butt and butt processing, can only select by
Feed is processed and formed at one time outside part, therefore deep hole drilling machine is selected to be processed.
Further, main jet bore dia is smaller, and is oblique fire formula aperture, is influenced by shell special construction, fixture design
Difficulty is larger, clamps and is particularly easy to breaking of rod head in process, and broken drill is difficult to take out, and add in drilling when enclosure interior
Work process is made the position deviation theory position of drill bit actual processing by the comprehensive function of Multiple factors, thus main jet hole without
Method is obtained using the method for mechanical processing, directly uses electrical discharge machining.
Further, part largest contours size is placed along bar axis, using " being packed into method ", by 1:The zero of 1 drafting
Inside part profile " loading " bar, the size of bar can determine that in this way, and analyze the allowance place portion of determining bar
Position, is convenient for the processing of nozzle body, and the generation of anti-leak-stopping processing and over-cutting is particularly suitable for having outside labyrinth
The industrial analysis of type part.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is certain machine fuel nozzle shell structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is that woollen selects schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is woollen roughing schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 processes for mounting plate upper end.
Fig. 5 is vehicle off-centre operation schematic diagram.
Fig. 6 is vehicle process area schematic diagram.
Fig. 7 is mounting hole machining sketch chart.
Fig. 8 is bar portion angle schematic diagram.
Fig. 9 is bar portion machining sketch chart.
Figure 10 is wire cutting bar portion two sides schematic diagram.
Figure 11 is finish-milling bar portion type face schematic diagram.
Figure 12 is wire cutting head configuration schematic diagram.
Figure 13 is wire cutting, mill positioning floor map.
Figure 14 is turning attachment schematic diagram.
Figure 15 is finishing head schematic diagram.
Figure 16 is eight slot schematic diagram of electrical discharge machining.
Figure 17 is eight slot chamfering schematic diagrames.
Figure 18 is head oblique surface machining schematic diagram.
Figure 19 is auxiliary oil circuit deep hole machining schematic diagram.
Figure 20 is that milling oil inlet connects mouth slot schematic diagram.
Figure 21 is auxiliary oil circuit fuel feed hole machining sketch chart.
Figure 22 is electrical discharge machining main jet hole schematic diagram.
Figure 23 is the processing of working connection outlet slot.
In figure：1 is head, and 2 be bar portion, and 3 be mounting plate, and 4 be mounting hole, and 5 be oil inlet oral area, and 6 be arc groove, and 7 be convex
Muscle, 8 be main jet hole, and 9 be bar, and 10 be eccentric cylinder, and 11 be process area.
Specific implementation mode
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, and described is explanation of the invention
Rather than it limits.
In this example, the introduction of method is processed by taking nozzle body GH3536 as an example.Referring to Fig. 1, nozzle body structure
It can be divided into head 1,5 four part of bar portion 2, mounting plate 3 and oil inlet oral area, nozzle body is double oil circuits in this example, without work
Gate housing, enclosure interior run through major and minor oil circuit, there is independent oil inlet respectively.1 center line of nozzle head has with mounting plate 3
Certain space angle.
Now from top to bottom each section is described below：
Oil inlet can be divided into main oil inlet and secondary oil inlet.
There are four mounting holes 4 on mounting plate 3, are fixed on casing outer wall for nozzle to be bolted.
It is respectively Φ 6 and Φ 4 that, which there are two deep holes of major and minor oil circuit, diameter in bar portion inner cavity, and length is more than 120, and draw ratio reaches
To 20-30, difficulty of processing is very big.
The head 1 of nozzle body is the core position of entire part, has 8 arcs being uniformly distributed along the circumference in 1 large cylindrical of head
Type groove has been spaced one from 8 convex ribs by 8 arc shaped grooves, is 8 main jet hole positions.
The present invention directly processes the nozzle body with complex profile by bar, has used two kinds in process
Specific analysis method " is packed into method " and " approximatioss step by step ".
So-called " being packed into method ", is by part (nozzle body) 1:In 1 two dimension view model " loading " woollen (bar)
Portion can intuitively find that the position where allowance, the generation of anti-leak-stopping processing and over-cutting are particularly suitable for very much
Industrial analysis with labyrinth external form part.
So-called " approximatioss step by step " is to determine the position with allowance, then on the basis of " being packed into method "
Surplus is removed step by step, slowly approaches final view model, until all coincideing, you can determine completion of processing.
Processing method is specifically introduced below.
Part material is GH3536, is delivered goods with solid solution condition, and hardness is big, and final shape is machined to by bar, all inside and outside
Surface is both needed to be machined, and allowance is big.Due to woollen use bar structure, the final all models face of part be required to by
Mechanical processing and other processing methods are formed, therefore answer the overall appearance structure of roughing nozzle body first.
Specific processing method includes following several processes.
(1) entire nozzle body contour structures are made a general survey of, determine outer profile size.Woollen use bar 9 when, should as possible by
The maximum contour dimension of part is placed along the axis direction of bar 9.Mounting plate outer circle is mostly turned round or approximate revolving structure,
Size determines the diameter of bar 9.
Part is horizontally arranged, length is about L1, and mounting plate maximum gauge is Φ D1.As previously mentioned, should be by part maximum
Overall size is placed along 9 axis of bar, as shown in Fig. 2, using " being packed into method ", by 1:1 parts profile " loading " bar drawn
Inside 9, the size of bar 9 can determine that in this way.
From Figure 2 it can be seen that 9 diameter of bar selects Φ D2 more suitable, it, can when 9 length of bar of single-nozzle shell is L2
Meet the processing of part, therefore the bar 9 that length is L2 is cut into first with feeding cutting machine.Wherein, Φ D2 are more than Φ
D1, L2 are more than L1.
(2) maximum in view of bar portion surplus, it is first step-like shown in Fig. 3 by the unified Vehicle Processing of bar 9 Jing Guo blanking
Structure, gauge diameter Φ D3 are less than Φ D1.
(3) previous nozzle body is combined to process the design basis and processing of experience, mounting plate and mounting hole for entire part
It is most important benchmark in entire Element Design and process, the processing at other positions is substantially adopted where positioning datum
It is positioned with mounting plate and mounting hole, when using bar working nozzle shell, should also follow this most basic technological design
Principle, therefore mounting plate and mounting hole should be processed first, and diameter is influenced adding for entire part by the quality of its processing quality
Working medium amount.
Entire part external form is made a general survey of, only mounting plate is revolving structure, and the method that should use Vehicle Processing obtains, and is entire
The position of processing is easiest on part.By its excess-three position of shell when roughing, i.e. head, bar portion and oil inlet mouth is equal
Approximation is envisioned as revolving structure, and the method that turnery processing so may be used slightly goes part surplus, obtains the substantially shape of part
Structure, vehicle go out mounting plate, then bore four holes, machining sketch chart such as Fig. 4 on a mounting board.Subsequent handling with mounting plate bottom surface and
Two in four holes position corner apertures, compress mounting plate upper surface, you can complete the finishing at remaining position of part.
(4) generally there are eccentric structures with mounting plate center for nozzle body bar portion, thus it is thick go surplus when must vehicle go out
Eccentric structure.The size of eccentricity must pass through 1:1 mapping accurately calculates, and otherwise bar portion exact shape will be outside deviation theory
Shape, the phenomenon that causing local misrun.By theory measurement and mapping analysis in this example, bar portion center in mounting plate outer circle
Eccentric distance is L3 between the heart.
After being processed by Fig. 4, mounting plate upper surface has been machined into position.By Fig. 4 it can also be seen that allowance is maximum
Next position should further remove the allowance on bar portion and head still in bar portion and head.It can be seen by Fig. 4
Go out the lower section of bar portion woollen on the lower side, center differs L3 with the center of mounting plate, therefore must be by general when processing
The bed that is open to traffic finds out the eccentricity of L3, just can guarantee that bar portion surplus is effectively removed in this way, and vehicle goes out the bias of a diameter of Φ D5
Cylinder 10, machining sketch chart is as shown in Figure 5.
(5) part woollen size is larger, in order to facilitate the clamping and centering of subsequent handling, needs to process at part both ends
Go out center hole and process area.
Subsequent handling is positioned with the mounting plate upper surface processed, eccentric cylinder positioning clamp, removal bar portion and
The surplus on head, due to outstanding deep longer, the centering after planar end surface of part, when turning, must be held out against with top.That processes is inclined
Heart cylinder, as seen from Figure 5 already close to bar portion final profile.Still there are surpluses for mounting plate lower surface when processing, wait for follow-up vehicle
It is removed when the bar portion conical surface, can effectively prevent connecing the generation of knife in this way.
In order to ensure can smoothly realize the correct clamping processing of part when Milling Machining four hole of centre drill, simultaneously because zero
Part length is longer, in order to ensure the stability of clamping when follow-up Vehicle Processing, it is necessary to also be processed in the other end face of part
Go out the process area 11 with center hole, therefore this procedure processing content should be vehicle process area 11, machining sketch chart is as shown in Figure 6.
11 center of process area is overlapped with 10 center of eccentric cylinder where bar portion, can thus pass through centering process area
11 location determinations go out the position of eccentric cylinder 10, can also ensure top pressure face when the bar portion conical surface is further processed
Machine tool chief axis center.
(6) in order to ensure the stability of clamping, before the vehicle bar portion conical surface, mounting hole and oil inlet should be connect to the processing of mouth position
In place.Using 3 lower surface of mounting plate as positioning surface, eccentric cylinder 10 is clamped, milling oil inlet connects mouth external form, and drill and ream mounting hole 4, adds
Work schematic diagram is as shown in Figure 7.
(7) mounting hole 4 and oil inlet connect mouth position after processing is completed, can completely remove the surplus of bar portion.Analyze part bar
Portion's shape, such as Fig. 8 find that bar portion type face both sides contour line angle is α 1, and bar portion left profile is α with head center wire clamp angle
2, mounting plate normal (bar portion approximated centerlines) is α 3 with head center wire clamp angle.It is possible thereby to calculate bar portion center line with
Contour line angle is α 4=α 2- α 3 on the left of bar portion, and bar portion center line is α 5=α 1- α 4 with right lateral contours wire clamp angle.
It further goes still to use turning processing method when surplus, but Vehicle Processing is revolving structure, it is necessary to in α 4 and α 5
Higher value is that half-angle machines the conical surface, and processing postcentrum angle is α 7, and α 7 is twice of higher value in α 4 and α 5, otherwise
It is likely to occur over-cutting and leads to bar portion misrun.Simultaneously it is ensured that nozzle body head position can just process, this
When 2 type face of bar portion be in close proximity to part actual profile, 3 lower surface of mounting plate can also be machined to final position, and processing is shown
It is intended to as shown in Fig. 9.
Process equipment is still center lathe, and using the tight eccentric cylinder 10 of soft claw clip, part is outstanding deep longer, it is necessary to top
Process area 11 of the pinnacle near mounting plate one end.
Since bar portion both sides are plane, the bar portion after Vehicle Processing is cone, must also cone be processed as plane at this time,
It is most fast processing method using wire cutting tangent plane, but the remelted layer after wire cutting must be removed.Machining sketch chart such as Figure 10
It is shown.
Other than still there is micro allowance in the leftmost side, remaining position all meets bar portion wheel in bar portion 2 type face at this time
Wide shape.To obtain accurately bar portion profile, it is necessary to arrange one of manufacturing procedure.It is taken by Milling Machining center
Four-axle linked mode can process, machining sketch chart such as Figure 11.
(8) processing Jing Guo the above process, 2 outer profile of nozzle body bar portion, mounting plate 3 have been all on board, at this point,
Oil inlet connects mouth position and is still reserved with process area, and subsequent handling has not had to, it can be considered to remove it, while by the position
Shape is refined to final size requirement.It preferably uses Milling Machining center to carry out milling to it, first wire cutting can also be used slightly to go
The method of big surplus, then Milling Machining guarantee final size is processed, and the position of positioning compression is as before.
(9) nozzle body head is not yet processed up to now, and outer mold surface is difficult processing on entire part in head
Maximum position is spent, describes the processing on head in detail below.
When working nozzle housing head, wire cutting method slightly cropping portion external form is used first, is reserved for finishing certain
Surplus.Since head rear end face is an inclined-plane, it is contemplated that cutting force is larger when processing head, contour localization low precision, therefore
Head rear end face is first processed into plane before Vehicle Processing head, is positioned after being carried out with the plane when finishing head.
When head processes, 3 lower surface of mounting plate and mounting hole 4 is preferably used to be positioned, such machining benchmark and design base
Standard overlaps, and mismachining tolerance is minimum.Processing fore head is a round platform, and allowance is very big, and time processing can not obtain final head
Contouring, it is necessary to multiple working procedure be divided to carry out.The first step is carried out first, big surplus is slightly gone using wire cutting method, such as Figure 12 institutes
Show.
It needs to use built-up jig or special fixture in process, 3 round platform of mounting plate is raised up one jiao in the horizontal direction
α 6 is spent, head axes is made to be horizontally oriented.In order to ensure that subsequent fine working nozzle housing head can be smoothed out, at this
The necessary strict guarantee angle [alpha] 6 of bowlder outside process wire cutting head, and ensure between head axes and mounting hole centre of pitch circle
Vertical range is L4, i.e. strict guarantee head position degree, otherwise outside subsequent fine headstock portion bowlder will due to outer circle misrun nothing
Method processes.Farther out due to head distance mounting plate 3 (at positioning) position, it adds no dedicated measuring tool and carries out 100%
It detects, all processes and detect using omnipotent method in process, therefore bowlder size α 6 and L4 add outside wire cutting head
Work is difficult.
Bowlder should there are certain allowances for finish outside wire cutting head.
The method that head finishing preferably uses Vehicle Processing carries out.In smart car when shape, need to process diameter among head
Larger endoporus, removal surplus is very big, and active force when drilling along head axes is very big, head is pushed up in order to prevent it is inclined, must
It must increase by a supporting surface at head rear.Therefore wire cutting and flat surface grinding must be carried out, i.e., is slightly cut using wire cutting method first
Head rear end face is processed into plane, is positioned after being carried out with the plane when finishing head by head external form.As shown in figure 13.
It is positioned, is pressed using two mounting holes 4 diagonal on mounting plate 3 and 3 bottom surface of mounting plate in the process of head
Tight 3 upper surface of mounting plate.Since nozzle body volume of part is larger, working position and pressed parts distance farther out, from fixture
From the aspect of structural complexity and safety two, built-up jig should not be used, therefore the lathe of design specialized presss from both sides in process
Tool, fixture schematic diagram are as shown in figure 14.The fixture mainly by cylinder chassis, angle block gauge, rear positioning cylinder, measure fast and counterweight
Five part of block forms.Wherein cylinder chassis is the basic blocks of entire fixture, realizes the connection of fixture and lathe.Angle block gauge is main
For playing degree, risen angle is the angle α 6 of nozzle body mounting plate and head, and locating piece and two are connected with above angle block gauge
A positioning pin contacts with part mounting hole and mounting plate lower surface and realizes Set and Positioning.Positioning cylinder is mainly used to against zero afterwards
Part head rear end face offsets the axial force generated when processing head.The main function of measuring block be in process to part into
Row measures in real time.Clump weight is mainly used to realize the dynamic balancing in fixture rotation process.Angle block gauge, measures soon rear positioning cylinder
It all using cylinder finger setting and is bolted with clump weight and the connection on cylinder chassis.
First with four paws clamping device outer circle, its circumference jerk value of centering is within 0.03 simultaneously when processing, so
The theoretical position size L4 on head can be effectively ensured.The rear positioning cylinder of center adds with part head rear end mill on fixture
The plane of work is adjacent to, to position after having the function that, huge axial force when for offsetting drilling processing.
The processing of outer mold surface is maximum difficult point in entire part processing in nozzle body head.But premise is to ensure that
The outer circle on nozzle body head 2 can be processed completely.Bowlder must strict guarantee ruler namely outside wire cutting head for this
Where the reason of very little α 6 and L4.Head machining sketch chart is as shown in figure 15.
(10) processing of eight, head arc groove (eight slot of abbreviation head) is the another disaster of nozzle body head processing
Point.Eight slot of head is interrupted shape, cannot achieve processing using the method for Vehicle Processing, therefore cannot be incorporated into headstock portion work
Sequence.
In this example, eight slot groover rot diameter φ 43.4 of head-0.08, it is desirable that nozzle head φ 35.4+0.2 0Hole center is same
Axis degree is φ 0.05, must 100% centering inner bore of part in process.The width for the convex ribs that slot separates two-by-two is 4.5-0.05
With 4.5-0.08, while eight slot both sides and root switching R are R0.5, are processed according to Milling Machining center, it is necessary to first use big milling
Knife slightly goes surplus, is then finished using the rose cutter of φ 1.The rose cutter cutter length of φ 1 only has the left sides 35mm
The right side, a diameter of φ 4 of retained part, effective cutting edge is very short, and only 1.5 or so, therefore processing is very slow, and especially hold
It easily forges a knife, difficulty of processing is very big.
Think that common machining process cannot be satisfied the processing of eight groove locations after comprehensive analysis, it is necessary to take special type
Processing technology --- electrical discharge machining.But it is difficult to ensure the width dimensions of muscle after electrical discharge machining, and can be formed in piece surface
The remelted layer of 0.03-0.05 thickness.Due to the particularity of eight groove portion bit architectures, remelted layer is difficult to remove, then according to manual grinding
It can not ensure eight slot groover rot diameter sizes at all.In view of eight slots are mainly coordinated with eight double wedges on swirler, only
It wants to be fitted close with swirler, remelted layer does not influence its work.Therefore by consulting and design personnel, allow
In eight rooved faces, there are remelted layers, and the method for electrical discharge machining just may be used in this way to realize.
Electrical spark working working hour is vertically placed part head center line using fixture, ensures the position to be processed
Straight up, fixture also uses holes one side to carry out positioning and clamping.100% centering head center hole is needed after parts fixation
Endoporus is beated within φ 0.05, to ensure concentricity φ 0.05 of eight slots to endoporus.It is machined to convex ribs size substantially in place,
Slightly surplus subsequently may be used the method that pincers worker file is repaiied and reach final size.Part machining sketch chart is as shown in figure 16.
Eight groove depth sizes are also inconsistent, and two groove depth sizes wherein in AB-AB sectional views are identical, remaining six slot
Depth dimensions it is identical.But this does not cause any threat for electrical discharge machining.Electrical discharge machining is using dedicated molding electricity
Pole may be implemented time processing and directly ensure that all sizes, processing efficiency greatly improve.The precision of size is depended primarily on into
Itself precision of the actual size precision and lathe of type electrode, therefore the size of electrode itself is extremely important, the structure of electrode special
It should be identical with eight slot structures.
Eight trough portions and head on both sides have chamfering, electric spark can not be right it can be seen from the threedimensional model of final part
It is processed, therefore after the completion of eight groove processings, it is necessary to carry out chamfering to notch.
Chamfering can be used Milling Machining center and carry out Milling Process, but processing efficiency is low, and must use four-axle linked side
It can be achieved, difficulty is larger.In view of the effect of eight slot chamferings is intended merely to loss of weight and convenient for assembly, therefore can be directly by clamping
Work carries out chamfering operation and is also fully able to meet design requirement although the angle aesthetics processed in this way is poor.Simultaneously
Convex ribs pincers after electrical discharge machining are repaiied to final size, machining sketch chart is as shown in figure 17.
So far, shape basic completion of processing in nozzle body head.
(11) after head cavity and surface process is complete, the reserved plane boss in head rear end is not used, it can be considered to will
It cuts off.The method that milling may be used when removal is processed, and Milling Machining center may be used in process equipment.
Certainly, since allowance is larger, the directly progress milling time is longer, and first wire cutting may be used and slightly remove great Yu
The method of amount, then Milling Machining guarantee final size is processed.Machining sketch chart is as shown in figure 18.
(12) a big difficulty --- the major and minor oil circuit deep hole machining again of nozzle body processing is carried out below.
By taking auxiliary oil circuit deep hole machining as an example, draw ratio reaches 30 or more, using common drilling machine or machining center drilling root
Originally it cannot achieve, and limited by design of part, butt and butt processing can not be carried out, can only select by feed one outside part
Secondary machine-shaping.Now deep hole drilling machine 1A1TLF-660.4 is selected to be processed.
The deep hole drilling machine is specifically used to process the deep hole of each shells class, blade class, longaxones parts, according to part depth
The required precision in hole, up to 50, processing diameter range 20 can differ processing draw ratio maximum from Φ 3 to Φ, be applicable to each
The deep hole machining of metalloid material.
It is influenced by part material and machine tool accuracy and cutter, the deep hole of processing is had certain offset by aperture to bottom hole
Amount.Offset be weigh deep hole machining an important indicator, be with workpiece rotation mode drill in, practical drilling bore hole
The maximum deviation amount of axis and workpiece rotary shaft line.If it is through-hole is processed on long axis, exit port can be directly measured to outlet
Offset.Generally in the length of 100mm, offset is 0.2 or so.
It is single cutting-edge that dedicated cutter drill gun, the cutter are used in processing, can realize automatic chip-removal, cooling and lubricating,
With good guide function, the characteristics of meeting deep hole machining.V-groove primarily serves chip removal effect in drill gun, and cutter interior passes through
It is installed with a slot hole, is the channel of high-speed cutting oil stream warp, primarily serves effect that is cooling and washing away iron filings, cutting oil is in high pressure
Iron filings are gone out from V-groove through bottom hole rebound under effect.Built-up jig is selected to carry out clamping, positioning method in process
Still use holes one side, machining sketch chart as shown in figure 19.
The processing of working connection deep hole and auxiliary oil circuit deep hole machining content are essentially identical.
(13) after the completion of major and minor oil circuit deep hole machining, nozzle body bar portion inner cavity there remains that several stepped holes are undressed to be arrived
Position, including oil inlet connect mouth position racetrack cavity.Therefore next procedure should be milling oil inlet and connect mouth slot, reaming hole.Due to deep hole
Perpendicular to mounting plate, therefore built-up jig may be used when processing and place part vertically.Machining sketch chart is as shown in figure 20.
Process equipment still uses Milling Machining center MV-45.During actual processing, since step deep hole needs are used
The drill bit of lengthening is processed, and work in-process is difficult to realize in the heart, therefore allows in four axis to arrange it on formula common driller to it
Time processing is carried out, there are four main shafts altogether for the equipment, can distinguish the cutter of clamping different-diameter, therefore part may be implemented
Clamped one time processes multiple elements.
(13) auxiliary oil circuit fuel feed hole is an inclined hole, and in this example, the angle with mounting plate is 45 °, therefore process
After middle use holes one side positioning and clamping, it is necessary to entire part be rotated 45 °, to ensure processed hole vertically
It places, machining sketch chart is as shown in figure 21.
Since oil inlet hole depth is shallower, aperture wants one flat stepped hole of ream, process equipment that machining center both can be selected,
Common drilling machine can be selected.
So far, the main inside and outside cavity of nozzle body basic completion of processing, but still it is remaining some it is smaller attached plus
Ministry of worker position, including the processing of working connection nozzle opening, the processing of the processing and auxiliary oil circuit outlet slot of working connection outlet slot.
(13) main jet hole is 8 oblique fire formula spray orifices being uniformly distributed along the circumference in the outer circle of nozzle body head, and is located at eight
Among convex ribs, in this example, main jet centerline hole is with head center line at 48 ° of angles.Main jet hole tail end and collection chamber inner ring and
The working connection inner cavity that nozzle body head inner mold face is formed is connected, high pressure fuel through working connection injection working connection inner cavity, then by
Main jet hole sprays.
Main jet bore dia is smaller, and is oblique fire formula aperture, is influenced by shell special construction, and fixture design difficulty is larger,
Breaking of rod head is particularly easy in pincers process, broken drill is difficult to take out when enclosure interior, can only use electric machining that will fracture
Drill bit removal, be easy to cause part rejection.And so that drill bit is real by the comprehensive function of Multiple factors in drilling process
The position deviation theory position of border processing, such as the clamping error of the foozle of fixture, part, the trueness error of drill bit.Cause
This can not use the method for mechanical processing to obtain after considering, and now directly use electrical discharge machining.Electrical discharge machining is to utilize
Electric energy removes excess metal material, by development for many years, it has also become be widely used a kind of general processing method, add
It is substantially not present macro-stress during work, and can realize that simultaneous manufacturing, machining accuracy also have to labyrinth position
Certain guarantee disclosure satisfy that the process requirements of aeronautical product.
Machining sketch chart is as shown in figure 22.Since hole wall can be there are remelted layer after electrical discharge machining, this work to nozzle
Performance has a very big impact, it is therefore necessary to pass through finishing removal remelted layer, this example is by taking aperture size Φ 0.53 as an example
It illustrates, actual size will meet flow standard, also be prevented at this time because of aperture time processing mistake there are certain surplus
It causes flow overproof greatly, aperture is now machined to by Φ 0.4 using electric spark.
After the completion of electric machining, it is necessary to be reamed using reamer, to ensure aperture size, while remove remelted layer.It is practical
There is no the reamer of Φ 0.4 in process, the drill bit of Φ 0.4 is directly used to carry out reaming.Due to the bit diameter of Φ 0.4 is small,
Poor toughness, pincers process fully rely on the level of skill of operator, bit force slightly it is uneven just will appear forge a knife it is existing
As, therefore must be double cautious in process.By the directly hand-held part of operator when the processing of scene, after electrical discharge machining
Hole be passed through 0.4 drill bits of Φ of rotation, achieve the purpose that reaming is processed by moving back and forth up and down, operator held by hand
The stability requirement of part is very high.
After the completion of the drill bit reaming of Φ 0.4, successively again use Φ 0.45, Φ 0.48, Φ 0.5 drill bit, repeat with
Upper operating procedure slowly approaches the final size in hole, and carrying out micro grinding finally by grinding rod improves hole wall luminosity, ensures
The flow of nozzle is qualified.If broken drill is in enclosure interior in process, it is necessary to be beaten the aperture of blocking using electric spark
It is logical.Therefore the process using this method processing main jet hole is very troublesome, and difficulty of processing is very big, but up to now still without more preferable
Processing method it can be replaced.
(15) working connection outlet slot is located at working connection outlet, and the depressed area of head endoporus hole wall, position is more hidden,
Surrounding structure is complicated, will appear interference phenomenon using general processing method.Design drawing allows to use electric machining, and allows
There is remelted layer.Therefore using the electrical discharge machining working connection outlet slot, all sizes of working connection outlet slot are by shaped electrode
Ensure, the size of working connection outlet slot depends entirely on the precision of electrode.
Electrical discharge machining has high in machining efficiency, process stabilization, the high advantage of qualification rate, the disadvantage is that in processing table
Face can be completely suitable for the processing of the working connection outlet slot there are the remelted layer of 0.03-0.05.Machining sketch chart such as Figure 23 institutes
Show.
Equally, the processing of auxiliary oil circuit outlet slot also uses electrical discharge machining, positioning and clamping mode and the outlet of processing working connection
Slot is identical.
So far, it is all introduced and has been finished using the main process of bar processing complex profile nozzle body.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method with bar working nozzle shell, which is characterized in that using bar as woollen, using the method for turnery processing
Woollen surplus slightly is gone, obtains the substantially contour structures of nozzle body, then nozzle body is obtained by finishing.
2. the method according to claim 1 with bar working nozzle shell, which is characterized in that be specially：Using turning
The method of processing is got on the bus out mounting plate and for processing the eccentric cylinder for forming nozzle body bar portion in bar, then in mounting plate
It is upper to bore multiple mounting holes；It is positioned with mounting plate lower surface and mounting hole, carries out the processing of nozzle body bar portion and head.
3. the method according to claim 2 with bar working nozzle shell, which is characterized in that close to installation on bar
Center hole and process area are processed on one end end face of plate, and process area and eccentric cylinder are coaxial, for the dress in subsequent handling
Folder and centering.
4. the method according to claim 2 with bar working nozzle shell, which is characterized in that nozzle body bar portion adds
Work method is：Calculate the angle α 4 of bar portion center line and contour line on the left of bar portion, the folder of bar portion center line and right-hand wheel profile
Angle α 5 machines eccentric cylinder to form cone by half-angle of the higher value in α 4 and α 5, and reprocessing forms nozzle body
Bar portion.
5. the method according to claim 4 with bar working nozzle shell, which is characterized in that cone after processing is completed,
Using the method for wire cutting by cone tangent plane, and the remelted layer after wire cutting is removed, it is four-axle linked using Milling Machining center
Mode removes bar portion type face side surplus, forms nozzle body bar portion.
6. the method according to claim 2 with bar working nozzle shell, which is characterized in that nozzle body head adds
Work method is：Bar is raised up in the horizontal direction first an angle [alpha] 6, so that head axes is horizontally oriented, using wire cutting side
Method slightly cropping portion external form, plane is processed by head rear end face, after being carried out with the plane positioning carry out the finishing of subsequent header.
7. the method according to claim 6 with bar working nozzle shell, which is characterized in that wait for outside nozzle housing head
Type after processing is completed, cavity groove in bit head, and eight, head arc shaped groove is processed using the method for electrical discharge machining.
8. the method according to claim 7 with bar working nozzle shell, which is characterized in that head arc shaped groove processes
Cheng Hou carries out the processing of working connection deep hole and auxiliary oil circuit deep hole using deep hole drilling machine, and then milling oil inlet connects mouth slot, reaming hole,
And process auxiliary oil circuit fuel feed hole.
9. the method according to claim 8 with bar working nozzle shell, which is characterized in that auxiliary oil circuit oil inlet hole machined
After the completion, it using the method roughing main jet hole of electrical discharge machining, is then reamed using reamer, and uses electrical discharge machining
Method processes working connection outlet slot and auxiliary oil circuit outlet slot.
10. the method according to claim 1 with bar working nozzle shell, which is characterized in that by nozzle body maximum
Overall size is placed along bar axis, with 1:The two dimension view model of nozzle body is packed into the two dimension view of bar by 1 ratio
Inside model, then position where determining the allowance of bar with analysis carries out the processing of nozzle body again.
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| CN109365833A (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2019-02-22 | 中国航发动力股份有限公司 | A kind of radial-swirler processing tool and processing method |
| CN110605544A (en) * | 2019-09-23 | 2019-12-24 | 重庆江增船舶重工有限公司 | Method for machining nozzle ring blade |
| CN112828535A (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2021-05-25 | 中国航发沈阳黎明航空发动机有限责任公司 | Machining method of eccentric valve base of aero-engine |
| CN112959016A (en) * | 2021-03-17 | 2021-06-15 | 中国航发动力股份有限公司 | Machining method of lubricating oil nozzle parts |
| CN115430857A (en) * | 2022-11-07 | 2022-12-06 | 成都航利航空科技有限责任公司 | Precise deep hole machining device and method for fuel nozzle shell of aircraft engine |
| CN115815958A (en) * | 2023-02-24 | 2023-03-21 | 中国航发燃气轮机有限公司 | Tool and method for integrally repairing nozzle of thin-wall multi-channel fuel nozzle |
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| CN115815958A (en) * | 2023-02-24 | 2023-03-21 | 中国航发燃气轮机有限公司 | Tool and method for integrally repairing nozzle of thin-wall multi-channel fuel nozzle |
| CN117862618A (en) * | 2023-12-05 | 2024-04-12 | 广东中海万泰技术有限公司 | Processing method of special-shaped runner |
| CN117862618B (en) * | 2023-12-05 | 2024-07-23 | 广东中海万泰技术有限公司 | Processing method of special-shaped runner |
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