CN108717023B - Device and method for simultaneously testing bending limit and resilience of magnesium alloy plate and strip - Google Patents

Device and method for simultaneously testing bending limit and resilience of magnesium alloy plate and strip Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108717023B
CN108717023B CN201810783338.7A CN201810783338A CN108717023B CN 108717023 B CN108717023 B CN 108717023B CN 201810783338 A CN201810783338 A CN 201810783338A CN 108717023 B CN108717023 B CN 108717023B
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plate
magnesium alloy
tension
tested
alloy plate
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CN108717023A (en
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乐启炽
宁方坤
牛燕霞
王彤
贾伟涛
宝磊
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东北大学
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/20Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady bending forces
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21CMANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C51/00Measuring, gauging, indicating, counting, or marking devices specially adapted for use in the production or manipulation of material in accordance with subclasses B21B - B21F
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
    • G01N1/44Sample treatment involving radiation, e.g. heat
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/02Details
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/08Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
    • G01N3/18Performing tests at high or low temperatures
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/40Investigating hardness or rebound hardness
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0014Type of force applied
    • G01N2203/0016Tensile or compressive
    • G01N2203/0017Tensile
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0014Type of force applied
    • G01N2203/0023Bending
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0058Kind of property studied
    • G01N2203/0069Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
    • G01N2203/0075Strain-stress relations or elastic constants
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/022Environment of the test
    • G01N2203/0222Temperature
    • G01N2203/0226High temperature; Heating means
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/026Specifications of the specimen
    • G01N2203/0262Shape of the specimen
    • G01N2203/0278Thin specimens
    • G01N2203/0282Two dimensional, e.g. tapes, webs, sheets, strips, disks or membranes
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/06Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
    • G01N2203/067Parameter measured for estimating the property
    • G01N2203/0676Force, weight, load, energy, speed or acceleration
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/06Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
    • G01N2203/067Parameter measured for estimating the property
    • G01N2203/0682Spatial dimension, e.g. length, area, angle

Abstract

The device comprises a three-point bending die device, a plate fixing device and a tension system which are assembled on a stretcher; the round roller is assembled with the upper pressure head; the plate fixing device consists of a groove-type supporting seat and a fixed end clamp; the tension system comprises a tension end clamp, a guide wheel supporting seat and a connecting rope, the heat radiating plate is positioned between the two roller seats, and the round roller and other parts are positioned in the heat insulation cover; the method comprises the following steps: (1) Heating the plate strip, placing the plate strip in a three-point bending die device, and respectively fixing and applying tension at two ends; (2) controlling the magnesium alloy at a test temperature; (3) Starting a stretcher to perform, and obtaining a bending limit according to stress, strain and pressure head travel curves; (4) And unloading the upper pressure head, and obtaining the rebound quantity according to the stroke indication. The device and the method can measure the performance, the bending limit and the rebound quantity of different bending curvatures of the plate in one test.

Description

Device and method for simultaneously testing bending limit and resilience of magnesium alloy plate and strip
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of material bending performance test, and particularly relates to a device and a method for simultaneously testing bending limit and rebound quantity of a magnesium alloy plate strip.
Background
The magnesium alloy plate is widely applied to the aviation, transportation and electronic industries due to the advantages of low density, high specific strength, good electromagnetic shielding property and the like. The magnesium alloy plate can be rolled to save space and be convenient to transport, and the rolled leveling and rolling have higher requirements on the bending property of the magnesium plate.
The plate bending performance test method comprises V-shaped bending, three-point bending, four-point bending and the like; the V-shaped bending test requires a V-shaped die type device provided with a V-shaped die and a bending press head, the three-point bending test requires a supporting roller type device provided with two lower supporting rollers and an upper bending press head, and the four-point bending test requires an upper supporting roller device and a lower supporting roller device.
The traditional V-shaped bending test method is that the plate with one bending angle can be formed at one time by bending and forming on a fixed bending die, and the utilization rate of the die is low; according to the search of the prior art, chinese patent document No. CN 203508756U, publication No. 2014.04.02 discloses a novel technology for improving a V-shaped bending die, comprising an upper die, a lower die, an upper die holder, a lower die holder, an upper die support plate, a lower die support plate, pins, bolts, guide posts, guide sleeves and the like; the novel V-shaped bending die can adjust the included angle of the die according to different test conditions, so that the utilization rate of the die is improved; but the bending properties of the sheet material tested for different curvatures in one bending test have not been achieved.
The three-point bending test method is that round angle upper male dies with different diameters are utilized to bend a plate material to a specific angle, and the minimum radius when no crack is generated on the surface is used as a bending performance evaluation index; whether the traditional pressure unloading is carried out, the part taking and crack observing process or the part carrying and pressure real-time crack observing process is carried out, the plate is bent to an angle, namely a curvature, and the bending performance of the plates with different curvatures cannot be tested; the four-point bending test method is similar to the three-point bending test method, and the two upper supporting rollers are bent to a certain angle, but the two upper supporting rollers can effectively reduce the influence of the shearing stress in the plate, and the strength under pure bending is measured; however, the four-point bending test method is similar to bending the material to a specified angle, and the bending performance of the plates with different bending curvatures cannot be tested. The above bending method only obtains the bending performance of the plate, and does not relate to the leveling and curling performance, the bending limit and the rebound amount of the plate.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the existing magnesium alloy bending test technology, the invention provides a device and a method for simultaneously testing the bending limit and the rebound quantity of a magnesium alloy plate strip, and establishes a connection with the subsequent leveling process and the curling performance of the plate, and the performances of different bending curvatures of the plate are tested in one test.
The device for simultaneously testing the bending limit and the rebound quantity of the magnesium alloy plate strip comprises a three-point bending die device, a plate fixing device, a tension system, an electric heating system and a heat preservation cover, wherein the three-point bending die device, the plate fixing device, the tension system, the electric heating system and the heat preservation cover are assembled on a stretcher; the three-point bending die device mainly comprises a base, two roller seats, an upper pressing head, a round roller and two supporting rollers, wherein the round roller is assembled with the upper pressing head through a connecting shaft, and a heating hole is formed in the round roller; the two supporting rollers are respectively assembled with one roller seat, and the two roller seats are fixed on the base; the plate fixing device consists of a groove type supporting seat and a fixed end clamp, wherein the groove type supporting seat is fixedly connected to one roller seat, and the fixed end clamp is used for fixing one end of a magnesium alloy plate strip to be tested at the top end of the groove type supporting seat; the tension system consists of a guide wheel, a tension end clamp, a guide wheel supporting seat, a connecting rope, a miniature tension machine and a tension tester, wherein the guide wheel supporting seat is fixedly connected to the other roller seat, the top end of the guide wheel supporting seat is assembled with the guide wheel through a connecting shaft, the connecting rope is assembled with the guide wheel, the tension end clamp is used for fixing the other end of the test magnesium alloy plate strip at the front end of the connecting rope, the rear end of the connecting rope is assembled on the miniature tension machine, and the part of the connecting rope between the miniature tension machine and the guide wheel is assembled with the tension tester; the electric heating system consists of a heat radiation plate, a heating rod, a temperature control cabinet and a heating wire, wherein the heat radiation plate is arranged on a bracket above the base, the heating rod is assembled in the heating hole, and the heating rod and the heat radiation plate are respectively connected with the temperature control cabinet through the heating wire; the groove-shaped supporting seat and the heat radiating plate are positioned on two sides of one roller seat, and the guide wheel supporting seat and the heat radiating plate are positioned on two sides of the other roller seat; wherein the round roller, the upper pressure head, the two supporting rollers, the base, the plate fixing device, the tension system and the radiation plate are all positioned in the heat insulation cover.
In the device, the base and the heat-insulating cover are positioned on the stretcher base, the upper pressure head is assembled with the lifting platform through the adapter, the lifting platform is assembled with the two stretcher guide posts, the top ends of the two stretcher guide posts are assembled with the stretcher upper beam, and the bottom ends of the two stretcher guide posts are assembled with the stretcher base; wherein the transfer joint is in sliding sealing connection with the heat preservation cover.
In the device, the tension tester is connected with the data acquisition system through the data line; the data acquisition system is also connected with the magnesium alloy plate strip to be tested and the strain gauge respectively through the thermocouple wires, wherein the strain gauge is stuck to the lower surface of the magnesium alloy plate strip to be tested.
The upper pressure head comprises two side plates and a top plate, wherein the two side plates are positioned below two sides of the top plate, and each side plate is provided with a shaft hole for being assembled with the round roller; the connecting column is arranged above the top plate and is used for being connected with the adapter in a buckling mode, the horizontal section of the upper portion of the connecting column is in a circular shape, the horizontal section of the lower portion of the connecting column is in a circular shape, and the spherical segment protrusions are arranged on the upper portion of the connecting column and located on the vertical side face of the circular segment portion.
The groove-shaped supporting seat is of a side-placed groove shape, and is of an integrated structure formed by a top plate, a bottom plate, a square side plate and two triangular side plates, wherein a notch is formed in each square side plate and the bottom plate, one right-angle side of each triangular side plate is connected with the side edge of each square side plate, and the other right-angle side of each triangular side plate is connected with the top plate; two bolt holes are arranged on the bottom plate and are used for being connected with the roller seat; the top plate is provided with a clamp hole.
The fixed end clamp and the tension end clamp are both composed of an upper clamp and a lower clamp, the upper clamp is in a flat plate shape, the lower clamp is of an integrated structure formed by a side plate and a bottom plate, the bottom of the side plate is located on one side of the bottom plate, a connecting rope hole is formed in the side plate, and a clamp hole is formed in the bottom plate.
The guide wheel supporting seat comprises a vertical plate part and a flat plate part, wherein the upper part of the vertical plate part is provided with two side plates, the two side plates are respectively provided with a shaft hole for being assembled with the guide wheel, one side of the flat plate part is connected with the bottom end of the vertical plate part, and the flat plate part is provided with a bolt hole for being connected with the roller seat.
The method for simultaneously testing the bending limit and the rebound quantity of the magnesium alloy plate strip material adopts the device and comprises the following steps:
1. heating a magnesium alloy plate strip to be tested to a test temperature, then placing the magnesium alloy plate strip into a three-point bending die device, pressing a round roller above the magnesium alloy plate strip to be tested, pressing the magnesium alloy plate strip to be tested above two supporting rollers, and adhering a strain gauge on the lower surface of the magnesium alloy plate strip to be tested; one end of the magnesium alloy plate strip to be tested is fixed at the top end of the groove-type supporting seat through a fixed end clamp, the other end of the magnesium alloy plate strip to be tested is fixed at the front end of the connecting rope through a tension end clamp, and tension is applied through a tension system;
2. starting a temperature control cabinet, electrifying and heating the round roller and the radiation plate, and heating the support roller and the magnesium alloy plate strip to be tested through the radiation plate to maintain the magnesium alloy plate strip to be tested at the test temperature;
3. starting a stretcher, enabling a round roller to move downwards along with an upper pressure head until the magnesium alloy plate strip to be tested is bent into a gradual change line shape, obtaining bending properties of different curvatures through a data acquisition system, obtaining tension, strain and temperature travel curves, combining an equivalent strain curve graph, and deriving proper leveling and curling rates under the curvature when the curvature is smaller than 0.1% and the curvature corresponding to the strain curve is the curvature of the magnesium alloy plate strip to be tested; meanwhile, according to the stress, the strain and the pressure head travel curve, the bending limit of the magnesium alloy plate strip to be tested is obtained;
4. and after the test is finished, unloading the upper pressure head, and obtaining the rebound quantity of the magnesium alloy plate strip to be tested according to the stroke indication of the upper pressure head of the stretcher.
In the method, the adapter is connected with the upper pressure head through the buckle and is used for conveniently replacing the upper pressure head.
In the method, two sides of the base are respectively connected with one baffle through the pin shafts, and the two baffles are respectively provided with a shaft hole which is assembled with the supporting roller for conveniently replacing the supporting roller.
The diameter of the round roller is the same as that of the supporting roller.
In the method, the upper clamp and the lower clamp of the fixed end clamp and the tension end clamp the magnesium alloy plate strip to be tested from the up-down direction, and the widths of the upper clamp and the lower clamp are larger than the width of the magnesium alloy plate strip to be tested, so that the stress of the magnesium alloy plate strip to be tested in the width direction is uniform.
The data acquisition system is a multichannel data recorder, the thermocouple wire is welded with the magnesium alloy plate strip to be tested, and the strain gauge is stuck to the lower surface of the magnesium alloy plate strip to be tested.
The device and the method can measure the performances of different bending curvatures of the plate in one test, simultaneously test the bending limit and the rebound quantity of the magnesium alloy plate and strip, obtain proper leveling and curling temperature according to the temperature change, microstructure and strain change of the tested plate, and obtain the bending limit and the rebound quantity of the plate and strip through strain, stress change and upper pressure head stroke record of a digital display screen of a stretcher; according to the change of the pressing speed of the pressing head and the change of the strain of the test plate, proper leveling and curling rates can be obtained; meanwhile, the method has the following advantages: the upper pressure head and the supporting roller are heated, so that the plate temperature straightening and curling process with temperature can be simulated; the straightening and curling of different roller diameters can be simulated by replacing the upper pressure head round roller and the support roller; the straightening of different roll gaps can be simulated by changing the spacing, namely the span, of the roll seats according to the thickness of the test plate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for simultaneously testing bending limit and rebound quantity of a magnesium alloy sheet strip according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top three view of an upper ram in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a three-view of a channel mount in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a three view of a fixed end clamp or tension end clamp in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a three view of a guide wheel support base according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the tension change measured in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the strain change measured in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a graph showing the temperature change measured in the example of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. the drawing machine comprises an upper beam, 2 parts of a drawing machine guide post, 3 parts of a drawing machine lifting table, 4 parts of an adapter, 5 parts of an upper pressure head, 6 parts of a fixed end clamp, 7 parts of a magnesium alloy sheet strip to be tested, 8 parts of a guide wheel, 9 parts of a groove-shaped supporting seat, 10 parts of a supporting roller, 11 parts of a connecting rope, 12 parts of a baffle plate, 13 parts of a guide wheel supporting seat, 14 parts of a drawing machine base, 15 parts of a micro tension machine, 16 parts of a three-point bending die base, 17 parts of a temperature control cabinet, 18 parts of a tension tester, 19 parts of a strain gauge, 20 parts of a heat radiation plate, 21 parts of a heating wire, 22 parts of a heat insulation cover, 23 parts of a multichannel data recorder, 24 parts of a couple wire, 25 parts of a roller seat, 26 parts of a tension end clamp, 27 parts of a round roller, 28 parts of a data wire, 29 parts of a connecting post, 30 parts of a upper pressure head top plate, 31 parts of an upper pressure head left side plate, 32 parts of an upper pressure head right side plate, 33 parts of a groove-shaped supporting seat top plate, groove-shaped supporting seat, 34 parts of a groove-shaped supporting seat side plate, 35 parts of a groove-shaped supporting seat, groove-shaped supporting seat side plate, 37 parts of a groove-shaped supporting seat, a bottom plate, a vertical plate, upper clamp, a clamp, upper clamp, and the upper clamp, a part of the upper clamp, a part of the upper clamp.
Detailed Description
The type of the stretcher adopted in the embodiment of the invention is SANSCMT 5000.
The model of the temperature control cabinet adopted in the embodiment of the invention is XMT-D-2201.
The model of the tension tester adopted in the embodiment of the invention is SL-10T.
The model of the multi-channel data recorder adopted in the embodiment of the invention is HIOKI 2013.
The magnesium alloy plate strip to be tested adopted in the embodiment of the invention is AZ31 magnesium alloy.
The device for simultaneously testing the bending limit and the rebound quantity of the magnesium alloy plate strip in the embodiment of the invention is shown in the figure 1, and comprises a three-point bending die device, a plate fixing device, a tension system, an electric heating system and a heat preservation cover which are assembled on a stretcher; the three-point bending die device mainly comprises a three-point bending die base 16, two symmetrically arranged roller seats 25, an upper pressing head 5, a round roller 27 and two supporting rollers 10, wherein the round roller 27 is assembled with the upper pressing head 5 through a connecting shaft, and heating holes are formed in the round roller 27; the two support rollers 10 are respectively assembled with one roller seat 25, and the two roller seats 25 are fixed on the three-point bending die base 16;
the plate fixing device consists of a groove-shaped supporting seat 9 and a fixed end clamp 6, wherein the groove-shaped supporting seat 9 is fixedly connected to a three-point bending die base 16, and the fixed end clamp 6 is used for fixing one end of a magnesium alloy plate strip 7 to be tested on the top end of the groove-shaped supporting seat 9;
the tension system consists of a guide wheel 8, a tension end clamp 26, a guide wheel supporting seat 13, a connecting rope 11, a miniature tension machine 15 and a tension tester 18, wherein the guide wheel supporting seat 13 is fixedly connected to the other roller seat 25, the top end of the guide wheel supporting seat 13 is assembled with the guide wheel 8 through a connecting shaft, the connecting rope 11 is assembled with the guide wheel 8, the tension end clamp 26 is used for fixing the other end of the test magnesium alloy plate strip 7 at the front end of the connecting rope 11, the rear end of the connecting rope 11 is assembled on the miniature tension machine 15, and the part of the connecting rope 11 between the miniature tension machine 15 and the guide wheel 8 is provided with the tension tester 18;
the electric heating system consists of a heat radiation plate 20, a heating rod, a temperature control cabinet 17 and a heating wire 21, wherein the heat radiation plate 20 is arranged on a bracket above the three-point bending die base 16, the heating rod is assembled in a heating hole, and the heating rod and the heat radiation plate 20 are respectively connected with the temperature control cabinet 17 through the heating wire 21; wherein the heat radiating plate 20 is located between the two roller seats 25, and the groove-shaped supporting seat 9 and the heat radiating plate 20 are located at both sides of one roller seat 25, and the guide wheel supporting seat 13 and the heat radiating plate 20 are located at both sides of the other roller seat 25;
the round roller 27, the upper press head 5, the two support rollers 10, the three-point bending die base 16, the two roller seats 25, the plate fixing device, the tension system and the heat radiation plate 20 are all positioned in the heat preservation cover 22;
the three-point bending die base 16 and the heat preservation cover 22 are arranged on the stretcher base 14, the upper pressure head 5 is assembled with the stretcher lifting platform 3 through the adapter 4, the stretcher lifting platform 3 is assembled with the two stretcher guide posts 2, the top ends of the two stretcher guide posts 2 are assembled with the stretcher upper beam 1, and the bottom ends of the two stretcher guide posts 2 are assembled with the stretcher base 14; wherein the transfer joint 4 is in sliding sealing connection with the heat preservation cover 22;
the supporting roller 10 is assembled with the baffle 12 through a connecting shaft, and the baffle 12 is fixed on the roller seat 25 through a pin shaft;
the outside of the heat preservation cover 22 is provided with a data acquisition system which is a multichannel data recorder 23; the tension tester 18 is connected with the multichannel data recorder 23 through a data line 28; the multichannel data recorder 23 is also connected with the magnesium alloy plate strip 7 to be tested and the strain gauge 19 respectively through a couple line 24, wherein the strain gauge 19 is stuck to the lower surface of the magnesium alloy plate strip 7 to be tested;
the structure of the upper pressing head 5 is shown in fig. 2, and comprises an upper pressing head top plate 30, an upper pressing head left side plate 31 and an upper pressing head right side plate 32, wherein the two side plates are positioned below two sides of the upper pressing head top plate 30, and each side plate is provided with a shaft hole for being assembled with the round roller 25; a connecting column 29 is arranged above the upper pressure head top plate 30 and is used for being connected with the adapter 4 in a buckling way, the horizontal section of the upper part of the connecting column 29 is in a circular shape, the horizontal section of the lower part of the connecting column 29 is in a circular shape, and a spherical segment bulge is arranged on the upper part of the connecting column 29 and is positioned on the vertical side surface of the circular segment part;
the groove-shaped supporting seat 9 is of a side-placed groove shape, and has a structure as shown in fig. 3, and an integral structure is formed by a groove-shaped supporting seat top plate 33, two groove-shaped supporting seat triangular side plates 34, a groove-shaped supporting seat square side plate 35 and a groove-shaped supporting seat bottom plate 36, wherein a communicated notch is formed below the groove-shaped supporting seat square side plate 35 and in the middle of the groove-shaped supporting seat bottom plate 36 and is used for being inserted into a rib plate of the roller seat 25; one right-angle side of the triangular side plate 34 of the two groove-shaped supporting seats is connected with the side edge of the square side plate 35 of the groove-shaped supporting seats, and the other right-angle side is connected with the top plate 33 of the groove-shaped supporting seats; the groove-type supporting seat bottom plate 36 is provided with two bolt holes for connecting with the roller seat 25; the groove-type supporting seat top plate 33 is provided with a clamp hole;
the structure of the fixed end clamp 6 and the tension end clamp 26 is shown in fig. 4, and each of the fixed end clamp 6 and the tension end clamp 26 is composed of an upper clamp 37 and a lower clamp 38, wherein the upper clamp 37 is in a flat plate shape, the lower clamp 38 is in an integrated structure composed of a side plate and a bottom plate, the bottom of the side plate is positioned on one side of the bottom plate, a connecting rope hole is formed in the side plate, and a clamp hole is formed in the bottom plate;
the fixed end clamp 6 is connected with the groove-type supporting seat 9 through bolts and bolt holes; the connecting rope hole of the tension end clamp 26 is used for penetrating the connecting rope 11 and assembling the test magnesium alloy plate strip 7 together; the fixed end clamp 6 and the tension end clamp 26 are arranged in the same structure so as to be convenient to replace;
the structure of the guide wheel supporting seat is shown in fig. 5, an integrated structure is formed by a guide wheel supporting seat vertical plate part 39 and a guide wheel supporting seat flat plate part 40, two guide wheel supporting seat side plates 41 are arranged at the upper part of the guide wheel supporting seat vertical plate part 39, two shaft holes are respectively arranged on the two guide wheel supporting seat side plates 41 and are used for being assembled with the guide wheel 8, one side of the guide wheel supporting seat flat plate part 40 is connected with the bottom end of the guide wheel supporting seat vertical plate part 39, and bolt holes are arranged on the guide wheel supporting seat flat plate part 40 and are used for being connected with the roller seat 25;
a gap is formed in the middle of the guide wheel supporting seat flat plate portion 40, and the gap is used for inserting a rib plate of the roller seat 25.
Example 1
Heating a magnesium alloy plate strip to be tested with the thickness of 3.5mm to a test temperature by adopting a device for simultaneously testing the bending limit and the rebound quantity of the magnesium alloy plate strip, then placing the magnesium alloy plate strip into a three-point bending die device, pressing a round roller above the magnesium alloy plate strip to be tested, pressing the magnesium alloy plate strip to be tested above two supporting rollers, and adhering a strain gauge on the lower surface of the magnesium alloy plate strip to be tested; one end of the magnesium alloy plate strip to be tested is fixed at the top end of the groove-type supporting seat through a fixed end clamp, the other end of the magnesium alloy plate strip to be tested is fixed at the front end of the connecting rope through a tension end clamp, and tension is applied through a tension system;
starting a temperature control cabinet, electrifying and heating the round roller and the radiation plate, and heating the support roller and the magnesium alloy plate strip to be tested through the radiation plate to maintain the magnesium alloy plate strip to be tested at the test temperature;
starting a stretcher, enabling a round roller to move downwards along with an upper pressure head until the magnesium alloy plate strip to be tested is bent into a gradual change line shape, obtaining bending properties of different curvatures through a data acquisition system, obtaining tension, strain and temperature travel curves, combining an equivalent strain curve graph, and deriving proper leveling and curling rates under the curvature when the curvature is smaller than 0.1% and the curvature corresponding to the strain curve is the curvature of the magnesium alloy plate strip to be tested; meanwhile, according to the stress, the strain and the pressure head travel curve, the bending limit of the magnesium alloy plate strip to be tested is obtained;
after the test is finished, unloading the upper pressure head, and obtaining the rebound quantity of the magnesium alloy plate strip to be tested according to the stroke indication of the upper pressure head on the stretcher;
the adapter is connected with the upper pressure head through a buckle and is used for conveniently replacing the upper pressure head;
two sides of the base are respectively connected with one baffle through a pin shaft, and the two baffles are respectively provided with a shaft hole and are assembled with the support roller for conveniently replacing the support roller;
the roller diameter of the round roller is the same as that of the supporting roller;
the upper clamp and the lower clamp of the fixed end clamp and the tension end clamp the magnesium alloy plate strip to be tested from the up-down direction, and the widths of the upper clamp and the lower clamp are larger than the widths of the magnesium alloy plate strip to be tested, so that the stress of the magnesium alloy plate strip to be tested in the width direction is uniform;
the thermocouple wire is welded with the magnesium alloy plate strip to be tested, and the strain gauge is stuck to the lower surface of the magnesium alloy plate strip to be tested;
the data acquisition system records the tension change at the positions Point 1-5, the strain change at the positions Point 1-7 and the temperature change of the whole bending process for 100s in the load loading 16s of the magnesium alloy plate strip to be tested with the thickness of 3.5mm in the bending process; the tension change curve is shown in fig. 6, the strain change curve is shown in fig. 7, and the temperature change curve is shown in fig. 8; by combining the equivalent strain curve graph, the curvature corresponding to the strain less than 0.1% is the proper curvature of the plate strip with the thickness, so that the proper leveling and curling rate under the curvature can be deduced; obtaining a pressure head travel curve through the upper pressure head travel record of a digital display screen of the stretcher; obtaining the bending limit of the plate strip according to the stress, the strain and the pressure head travel curves, and obtaining the rebound quantity of the plate strip when the pressure head is unloaded; the test results are the same as those of the conventional art.

Claims (6)

1. The method for simultaneously testing the bending limit and the rebound quantity of the magnesium alloy plate strip is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) Heating a magnesium alloy plate strip to be tested to a test temperature, then placing the magnesium alloy plate strip into a three-point bending die device, pressing a round roller above the magnesium alloy plate strip to be tested, pressing the magnesium alloy plate strip to be tested above two supporting rollers, and adhering a strain gauge on the lower surface of the magnesium alloy plate strip to be tested; one end of the magnesium alloy plate strip to be tested is fixed at the top end of the groove-type supporting seat through a fixed end clamp, the other end of the magnesium alloy plate strip to be tested is fixed at the front end of the connecting rope through a tension end clamp, and tension is applied through a tension system;
(2) Starting a temperature control cabinet, electrifying and heating the round roller and the radiation plate, and heating the support roller and the magnesium alloy plate strip to be tested through the radiation plate to maintain the magnesium alloy plate strip to be tested at the test temperature;
(3) Starting a stretcher, enabling a round roller to move downwards along with an upper pressure head until the magnesium alloy plate strip to be tested is bent into a gradual change line shape, obtaining bending properties of different curvatures through a data acquisition system, obtaining tension, strain and temperature travel curves, combining an equivalent strain curve graph, and deriving proper leveling and curling rates under the curvature when the curvature is smaller than 0.1% and the curvature corresponding to the strain curve is the curvature of the magnesium alloy plate strip to be tested; meanwhile, according to the stress, the strain and the pressure head travel curve, the bending limit of the magnesium alloy plate strip to be tested is obtained;
(4) After the test is finished, unloading the upper pressure head, and obtaining the rebound quantity of the magnesium alloy plate strip to be tested according to the stroke indication of the upper pressure head of the stretcher;
the device for simultaneously testing the bending limit and the rebound quantity of the magnesium alloy plate strip comprises a three-point bending die device, a plate fixing device, a tension system, an electric heating system and a heat preservation cover, wherein the three-point bending die device, the plate fixing device, the tension system, the electric heating system and the heat preservation cover are assembled on a stretcher; the three-point bending die device mainly comprises a base, two roller seats, an upper pressing head, a round roller and two supporting rollers, wherein the round roller is assembled with the upper pressing head through a connecting shaft, and a heating hole is formed in the round roller; the two supporting rollers are respectively assembled with one roller seat, and the two roller seats are fixed on the base; the plate fixing device consists of a groove type supporting seat and a fixed end clamp, wherein the groove type supporting seat is fixedly connected to one roller seat, and the fixed end clamp is used for fixing one end of a magnesium alloy plate strip to be tested at the top end of the groove type supporting seat; the tension system consists of a guide wheel, a tension end clamp, a guide wheel supporting seat, a connecting rope, a miniature tension machine and a tension tester, wherein the guide wheel supporting seat is fixedly connected to the other roller seat, the top end of the guide wheel supporting seat is assembled with the guide wheel through a connecting shaft, the connecting rope is assembled with the guide wheel, the tension end clamp is used for fixing the other end of the test magnesium alloy plate strip at the front end of the connecting rope, the rear end of the connecting rope is assembled on the miniature tension machine, and the part of the connecting rope between the miniature tension machine and the guide wheel is assembled with the tension tester; the electric heating system consists of a heat radiation plate, a heating rod, a temperature control cabinet and a heating wire, wherein the heat radiation plate is arranged on a bracket above the base, the heating rod is assembled in the heating hole, and the heating rod and the heat radiation plate are respectively connected with the temperature control cabinet through the heating wire; the groove-shaped supporting seat and the heat radiating plate are positioned on two sides of one roller seat, and the guide wheel supporting seat and the heat radiating plate are positioned on two sides of the other roller seat; wherein the round roller, the upper pressure head, the two supporting rollers, the base, the plate fixing device, the tension system and the radiation plate are all positioned in the heat insulation cover;
the tension tester is connected with the data acquisition system through a data line; the data acquisition system is also connected with the magnesium alloy plate strip to be tested and the strain gauge respectively through the thermocouple wires, wherein the strain gauge is stuck to the lower surface of the magnesium alloy plate strip to be tested.
2. The method for simultaneously testing the bending limit and the rebound quantity of the magnesium alloy plate strip according to claim 1, wherein the base and the heat insulation cover are positioned on the base of the stretcher, the upper pressure head is assembled with a lifting table through an adapter, the lifting table is assembled with two stretcher guide posts, the top ends of the two stretcher guide posts are assembled with an upper beam of the stretcher, and the bottom ends of the two stretcher guide posts are assembled with the base of the stretcher; wherein the transfer joint is in sliding sealing connection with the heat preservation cover.
3. The method for simultaneously testing the bending limit and the rebound quantity of the magnesium alloy sheet strip according to claim 1, wherein the upper pressing head comprises two side plates and a top plate, the two side plates are positioned below two sides of the top plate, and each side plate is provided with a shaft hole for being assembled with a round roller; the connecting column is arranged above the top plate and is used for being connected with the adapter in a buckling mode, the horizontal section of the upper portion of the connecting column is in a circular shape, the horizontal section of the lower portion of the connecting column is in a circular shape, and the spherical segment protrusions are arranged on the upper portion of the connecting column and located on the vertical side face of the circular segment portion.
4. The method for simultaneously testing the bending limit and the rebound quantity of the magnesium alloy plate strip according to claim 1, wherein the groove-shaped supporting seat is a side-placed groove-shaped supporting seat, an integrated structure is formed by a top plate, a bottom plate, a square side plate and two triangular side plates, a notch is arranged on the square side plate and the bottom plate, one right-angle side of the triangular side plate is connected with the side edge of the square side plate, and the other right-angle side is connected with the top plate; two bolt holes are arranged on the bottom plate and are used for being connected with the roller seat; the top plate is provided with a clamp hole.
5. The method for simultaneously testing the bending limit and the rebound quantity of the magnesium alloy plate strip according to claim 1, wherein the fixed end clamp and the tension end clamp are both composed of an upper clamp and a lower clamp, the upper clamp is in a flat plate shape, the lower clamp is in an integrated structure composed of a side plate and a bottom plate, the bottom of the side plate is positioned on one side of the bottom plate, a connecting rope hole is formed in the side plate, and a clamp hole is formed in the bottom plate.
6. The method for simultaneously testing the bending limit and the rebound quantity of the magnesium alloy plate strip according to claim 1, wherein the guide wheel supporting seat consists of a vertical plate part and a flat plate part, the upper part of the vertical plate part is provided with two side plates, the two side plates are respectively provided with a shaft hole for being assembled with the guide wheel, one side of the flat plate part is connected with the bottom end of the vertical plate part, and the flat plate part is provided with a bolt hole for being connected with the roller seat.
CN201810783338.7A 2018-07-17 2018-07-17 Device and method for simultaneously testing bending limit and resilience of magnesium alloy plate and strip Active CN108717023B (en)

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