CN108712243B - Multi-carrier channel reconstruction method for carrier aggregation system - Google Patents
Multi-carrier channel reconstruction method for carrier aggregation system Download PDFInfo
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- H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
- H04L5/0001—Arrangements for dividing the transmission path
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- H04L5/0007—Time-frequency the frequencies being orthogonal, e.g. OFDM(A), DMT
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- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
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- H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-carrier channel reconstruction method facing a carrier aggregation system, which comprises the following steps: the user equipment sends pilot frequency on the main carrier, and the base station estimates the A-type channel state information and the B-type channel state information of the main carrier by using the received main carrier pilot frequency so as to reconstruct and obtain a main carrier channel; the user equipment sends sparse pilot frequency on the 1 st to the Nth uplink auxiliary carriers, and the base station estimates the B-type channel state information of each auxiliary carrier according to the received sparse pilot frequency and the A-type channel state information of each auxiliary carrier; and the base station reconstructs each auxiliary carrier channel according to the estimated A-type channel state information and the B-type channel state information of each auxiliary carrier. The invention realizes channel reconstruction on multiple carriers by using less pilot frequencies, and overcomes the problem of overlarge acquisition overhead of the CSI of a large-scale multi-input multi-output system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a multi-carrier channel reconstruction method for a carrier aggregation system, and belongs to the technical field of wireless communication.
Background
From the fourth generation mobile communication, the carrier aggregation technology becomes an effective means for aggregating a large bandwidth and improving spectrum efficiency, and by jointly using a plurality of continuous or discontinuous member carriers, the highway for mobile communication transmission is widened exponentially, and dynamic and efficient utilization of spectrum resources is ensured. In the fifth generation mobile communication standardization progress, more than hundred million bandwidths are allowed to be adopted by a single member carrier, and a plurality of carriers are aggregated by a carrier aggregation technology to form a super-large bandwidth, so that the thousand-fold increase of the channel capacity is fundamentally ensured.
To meet the ultra-high data rate requirements of fifth and future generation mobile communication systems, large-scale MIMO technology is widely adopted. The large-scale antenna array is configured at the base station, the spatial resolution of wireless transmission is greatly improved, the base station can not only be accurately aligned to the direction of a single user, but also can utilize the same time-frequency resource to serve a plurality of users, the space division multiplexing dimension is multiplied, and the throughput of the mobile communication system is improved. In order to obtain high-dimensional Channel State Information (CSI), different antenna ports need to use orthogonal pilots to distinguish, but limited by a time-frequency resource network, coherence time and related bandwidth, a large number of completely orthogonal pilots cannot be designed, so that a large-scale MIMO system often uses a pilot multiplexing mode, and CSI estimation accuracy is damaged. Moreover, the high-dimensional complex channel matrix needs to consume time-frequency resources of a considerable scale for feedback, and the feedback overhead is huge, occupies data transmission resources, and cannot be borne in an actual system. If the carrier aggregation technology is adopted at the same time, the pilot frequency and feedback overhead is increased linearly with the number of carriers. Therefore, the CSI acquisition becomes one of the difficulties of a massive MIMO system employing the carrier aggregation technology.
For CSI acquisition of a single carrier massive MIMO system, extensive research has been conducted in the industry, and research for a multi-carrier massive MIMO system is rare. The CSI acquisition problem for a multi-carrier massive MIMO system can be analogized to that of a Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) single-carrier massive MIMO system. For the latter, the strategies widely adopted at present are mainly divided into two types: firstly, training through a codebook, and estimating and feeding back CSI by user equipment; and (ii) deriving the downlink CSI by using the spatial reciprocity and using the uplink CSI, for example, obtaining a channel correlation matrix for downlink transmission, which requires a large overhead, is difficult to obtain information, and has poor downlink transmission performance. In addition, according to a research result, the gains, the direction angles and the time delays of the uplink and downlink propagation paths are completely equal, and the downlink channel can be directly reconstructed only by using the uplink estimation result, so that a downlink training process is not needed, but the actual channel measurement result shows that the error of the reconstruction result of the downlink channel without downlink training is large, and the requirement of an actual system cannot be met.
In summary, how to obtain CSI with high availability with a small overhead and reconstruct a multi-carrier channel for a large-scale MIMO system using a carrier aggregation technique becomes a difficult problem to be overcome in the fifth and future mobile communication systems.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art, provide a multicarrier channel reconstruction method facing to a carrier aggregation system, break through the bottleneck of obtaining multicarrier CSI of a carrier aggregation large-scale MIMO system, realize the multicarrier channel reconstruction of the carrier aggregation large-scale MIMO system by using the frequency independence of channel space parameters and with smaller pilot frequency overhead and feedback overhead, and simultaneously ensure the availability of the reconstructed channel.
The invention specifically adopts the following technical scheme to solve the technical problems:
a multi-carrier channel reconstruction method facing to a carrier aggregation system comprises the following steps:
step 1, user equipment sends uplink pilot frequency on a main carrier, a base station estimates A-type channel state information and uplink B-type channel state information of the main carrier by using the received uplink pilot frequency of the main carrier, reconstructs an uplink channel of the main carrier, and reconstructs a downlink channel of the main carrier according to a duplex mode adopted by the main carrier so as to reconstruct and obtain a channel of the main carrier;
step 2, the user equipment sends uplink sparse pilot frequency on the 1 st to the Nth auxiliary carriers, the base station estimates the uplink B-type channel state information of each auxiliary carrier according to the received uplink sparse pilot frequency and the A-type channel state information of each auxiliary carrier, and estimates and feeds back the downlink B-type channel state information of each auxiliary carrier according to the duplex mode adopted by each auxiliary carrier;
step 3, the base station reconstructs the uplink channels of the auxiliary carriers according to the estimated A-type channel state information and the uplink B-type channel state information of the auxiliary carriers; and reconstructing downlink channels of the auxiliary carriers according to the duplex mode adopted by the auxiliary carriers and the downlink B-type channel state information of the auxiliary carriers so as to reconstruct and obtain the auxiliary carrier channels.
Further, as a preferred technical solution of the present invention: the type a channel state information in step 1 includes a direction angle and a time delay of each propagation path.
Further, as a preferred technical solution of the present invention: in the method, each type B channel state information comprises the gain of each propagation path.
Further, as a preferred technical solution of the present invention: the duplex mode adopted by the main carrier in the step 1 includes Time Division Duplex (TDD) and Frequency Division Duplex (FDD).
Further, as a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the step 1 is to reconstruct a downlink channel of the main carrier according to a duplex mode adopted by the main carrier, and specifically includes:
when the main carrier adopts a Time Division Duplex (TDD) mode, transposing the reconstructed main carrier uplink channel to obtain a main carrier downlink channel;
when the main carrier adopts a Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) mode, a base station sends downlink sparse pilot frequency of the main carrier, and the pilot frequency direction is adjusted to the direction of each estimated path of the main carrier uplink through beam forming; the user equipment estimates and feeds back the downlink B-type channel state information of the main carrier based on the A-type channel state information and the downlink sparse pilot frequency of the main carrier; and the base station reconstructs the downlink channel of the main carrier according to the state information of the A-type channel and the downlink B-type channel of the main carrier.
Further, as a preferred technical solution of the present invention: the duplex mode adopted by the auxiliary carrier in the step 2 comprises Time Division Duplex (TDD) and Frequency Division Duplex (FDD).
Further, as a preferred technical solution of the present invention: estimating and feeding back downlink B-type channel state information of each auxiliary carrier according to a duplex mode adopted by each auxiliary carrier in the step 2, specifically:
when the auxiliary carrier wave adopts a Time Division Duplex (TDD) mode, the uplink B-type channel state information of the auxiliary carrier wave is the downlink B-type channel state information, and the downlink B-type channel state information of the auxiliary carrier wave does not need to be estimated and fed back additionally;
when the auxiliary carrier adopts a Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) mode, a base station sends downlink sparse pilot frequency of the auxiliary carrier, and the pilot frequency direction is adjusted to the direction of each path estimated by the uplink of the main carrier through beam forming; and the user equipment estimates and feeds back the downlink B-type channel state information of the auxiliary carrier based on the A-type channel state information and the downlink sparse pilot frequency of the auxiliary carrier.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention can produce the following technical effects:
the invention estimates the CSI by using the pilot frequency on the primary carrier PSC, which comprises the time delay and the direction angle of one or more propagation paths and the gain of each propagation path on the PSC, reconstructs the PSC channel, then transmits the sparse pilot frequency on the secondary carrier SSC, estimates the gain of each propagation path on the SSC by using the time delay and the direction angle of each propagation path estimated on the PSC and the sparse pilot frequency on the SSC, and finally reconstructs the SSC channel according to the time delay and the direction angle of each propagation path estimated on the PSC and the estimated gain of each propagation path on the SSC. The invention provides a multi-carrier channel reconstruction method for a carrier aggregation system, and particularly solves the problem of overlarge acquisition overhead of the CSI of a large-scale multi-input multi-output system. Therefore, the invention has the following advantages:
1) the method of the invention utilizes the spatial parameters of the channel such as the time delay of the transmission path and the frequency independence of the direction angle, and after the spatial parameters are obtained by PSC pilot frequency, only a small amount of pilot frequency is sent on the SSC, and the gain of each transmission path on the SSC is estimated, thereby reconstructing the SSC channel, effectively reducing the pilot frequency and feedback cost, and solving the problem of obtaining the CSI of the carrier aggregation large-scale MIMO system.
2) After the PSC-CSI is estimated, the method utilizes a small amount of SSC training and feedback resources to correct gains on the SSC, ensures the accuracy of multi-carrier channel reconstruction of a carrier aggregation large-scale MIMO system, and greatly improves the availability of the reconstructed channel.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a multicarrier channel reconstruction method for a carrier aggregation system according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
As shown in figure 1, the invention provides a multi-carrier channel reconstruction method facing to a carrier aggregation system, in a wireless transmission system adopting a carrier aggregation technology, after estimating Channel State Information (CSI) on a primary carrier (PSC) and reconstructing a PSC channel, by utilizing the frequency independence of A-type CSI (channel state information-channel), namely CSI-A, and by transmitting sparse pilot frequency on 1 st to Nth secondary carriers (SSC), SSC (Single Carrier sense sequence) is estimated1,…,SSCNBased on the estimated type B CSI, i.e. CSI-BCSI-A,SSC1-CSI-B,…,SSCN-CSI-B, reconstructed SSC1,…,SSCNA channel. The base station of the method can reconstruct the multi-carrier channel for a plurality of user equipments, and specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, transmitting pilot frequency on a primary carrier PSC, estimating A-type channel state information CSI-A and uplink B-type channel state information PSC-CSI-B of the primary carrier by using the PSC pilot frequency, and reconstructing a PSC channel. The primary carrier PSC specifically includes an uplink PSC and a downlink PSC, and the duplex modes that the primary carrier PSC can adopt include a Time Division Duplex (TDD) mode and a Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) mode, when the TDD mode is selected, the uplink PSC is the downlink PSC, carrier frequencies of the uplink PSC and the downlink PSC are the same, when the FDD mode is selected, the uplink PSC is different from the downlink PSC, and the carrier frequencies of the uplink PSC and the downlink PSC are different. The A-type channel state information CSI-A is irrelevant to carrier frequency and does not change along with the change of the carrier frequency, and the CSI-A comprises a direction angle and time delay of each propagation path; the B-type channel state information CSI-B is related to carrier frequency and changes along with the change of the carrier frequency, and the uplink and downlink B-type channel state information CSI-B of the main carrier can comprise the gain of each propagation path.
In the process, user equipment sends uplink pilot frequency on a primary carrier PSC, a base station estimates A-type channel state information CSI-A and uplink B-type channel state information PSC-CSI-B of the primary carrier by using the received primary carrier PSC uplink pilot frequency, reconstructs a primary carrier PSC uplink channel, reconstructs a primary carrier downlink channel according to a duplex mode adopted by the primary carrier, and reconstructs the primary carrier PSC channel;
the method for reconstructing the downlink channel of the main carrier according to the duplex mode adopted by the main carrier specifically comprises the following steps:
when the main carrier PSC adopts a time division duplex TDD mode, according to reciprocity, the uplink PSC-CSI-B is the downlink PSC-CSI-B, and at the moment, the PSC uplink channel is transposed, namely the main carrier PSC downlink channel can be rebuilt;
when the primary carrier PSC adopts a frequency division duplex FDD mode, an uplink PSC-CSI-B is not equal to a downlink PSC-CSI-B, at the moment, a base station sends a downlink sparse pilot of the primary carrier PSC, the pilot direction is adjusted to the direction of each path estimated by the PSC uplink through beamforming, the pilot frequencies corresponding to different directions are distinguished in the time division multiplexing or frequency division multiplexing direction, user equipment estimates and feeds back downlink B-type channel state information PSC-CSI-B of the primary carrier based on A-type channel state information PSC-A and the downlink sparse pilot of the primary carrier, and the base station reconstructs a downlink channel of the primary carrier according to the CSI-A and the downlink B-type channel state information PSC-CSI-B of the primary carrier.
Step 2, the user equipment SSC in the 1 st to the Nth auxiliary carrier wave1,…,SSCNUplink sparse pilot transmission using SSC1,…,SSCNSparse pilot and estimated type A channel state information CSI-A, estimating uplink type B channel state information SSC of each auxiliary carrier1-CSI-B,…,SSCN-CSI-B. Wherein, for the secondary carrier SSCjJ-1, …, N, SSCjSpecifically comprises an uplink secondary carrier SSCjAnd a downlink secondary carrier SSCjSecondary carrier SSCjThe duplex mode which can be adopted comprises TDD and FDD, when the TDD mode is selected, the uplink secondary carrier SSCjI.e. the downlink secondary carrier SSCjThe carrier frequencies of the two are the same, and when the FDD mode is selected, the uplink secondary carrier SSCjDifferent from a downlink secondary carrier SSCjThe carrier frequencies of the two are different.
The procedure is performed by the user equipment on the 1 st to nth secondary carriers SSC1,…,SSCNUplink sparse pilot frequency is sent upwards, and the base station receives the SSCjEstimating uplink B-type channel state information SSC of each auxiliary carrier by using uplink sparse pilot frequency and A-type channel state information CSI-AjCSI-B, wherein the uplink and downlink channel state information of each secondary wave in the present invention may also include the gain of each propagation path. And estimating and feeding back the downlink B-type channel state information of each auxiliary carrier according to the duplex mode adopted by each auxiliary carrier: when a certain secondary carrier SSCjWhen the TDD mode is adopted, the uplink B-type channel state information of the auxiliary carrier is the downlink B-type channel state information, and the downlink B-type channel state information of the auxiliary carrier does not need to be estimated and fed back additionally. When a certain secondary carrier SSCjIn FDD duplex mode, the base station is in the secondary carrier SSCjUpstream transmitting downstream streamsSparse pilot frequency, the pilot frequency direction is adjusted to the direction of each path estimated by PSC uplink through beamforming, the pilot frequencies corresponding to different directions are distinguished in the time division multiplexing or frequency division multiplexing direction, and the user equipment is based on CSI-A and SSCjDownlink sparse pilot frequency, estimating and feeding back downlink B-type channel state information SSC of each auxiliary carrierj-CSI-B。
Step 3, the base station reconstructs the SSC of each auxiliary carrier according to the estimated A-type channel state information CSI-A and the uplink B-type channel state information of each auxiliary carrierjAn uplink channel; and rebuilding each auxiliary carrier SSC according to the duplex mode adopted by each auxiliary carrier and the downlink B-type channel state information of the auxiliary carrierjAnd the downlink channel is used for reconstructing to obtain each auxiliary carrier channel.
Therefore, the estimated CSI-A is used for the uplink and downlink B type channel state information SSC of each secondary carrier1-CSI-B,…,SSCN-CSI-B, reconstructed SSC1,…,SSCNA channel. Wherein, for SSCjJ-1, …, N, based on CSI-a and uplink SSCj-CSI-B, reconstructed SSCjUplink channel, if SSCjUplink SSC using TDD duplexing mode according to reciprocityj-CSI-B is the downlink SSCj-CSI-B, when SSC will bejTransposing the uplink channel, i.e. reconstructing the SSCjA downlink channel; if SSCjBy FDD duplexing, uplink SSCj-CSI-B not equal to Downlink SSCjCSI-B, when the base station gets the downlink SSC according to CSI-A and feedbackj-CSI-B, Reconfiguration of Secondary Carrier SSCjDownlink channel, finally to obtain each secondary carrier SSC by reconstruction1,…,SSCNA channel.
In addition, in the method of the present invention, the base station may reconstruct a multicarrier channel for a plurality of user equipments, and the manner of distinguishing the sparse pilots corresponding to different user equipments includes: (1) frequency division multiplexing; (2) time division multiplexing.
In order to verify that the method of the present invention can provide multi-carrier channel reconstruction for a carrier aggregation system, the following further describes the technical solution of the present invention by specific embodiments:
on-carrier aggregation large-scale MIMIn O-systems, the number of base station antennas is M, typically of the order of 102、103The user equipment adopts single antenna configuration, and the uplink carrier frequency and the downlink carrier frequency of the primary carrier PSC are respectively
Secondary carrier SSCjThe uplink and downlink carrier frequencies are respectively
Where j is 1. The present embodiment will address both the primary carrier PSC and the secondary carrier SSCjThe uplink and downlink channels are rebuilt, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: the user equipment transmits an uplink sounding signal on a PSC, and a base station estimates a type-A channel state information CSI-A and an uplink type-B channel state information PSC-CSI-B of a main carrier according to the received PSC uplink sounding signal, wherein the CSI-A comprises a time delay tau of each propagation pathlAnd the direction angle thetalWherein L is 1, and L is the number of propagation paths, and the uplink class B channel state information PSC-CSI-B of the primary carrier includes the gain of each propagation path on the uplink PSC
L1.., L, then the PSC uplink channel is reconstructed as:
where a (-) is the base station antenna array response, if the primary carrier PSC adopts TDD duplexing, then according to channel reciprocity, reconstructing the PSC downlink channel is:
if the primary carrier PSC adopts FDD duplex mode, the base station sends down sparse pilot frequency, and adjusts the pilot frequency direction to the direction of each path estimated by the up PSC through beam forming, and the pilot frequency corresponding to different directions uses time division multiplexing or frequency division multiplexingThe division of the multiplexing direction is carried out, and the user equipment is based on taul、θlAnd PSC downlink sparse pilot, estimating downlink PSC-CSI-B, i.e.
L1.., L, and feeds it back to the base station, which then reconstructs the PSC downlink channel as:
step 2: for secondary carrier SSCjJ 1.. N, the user equipment is in an uplink SSCjUplink sparse pilot frequency is sent upwards, and the base station receives the SSCjUplink sparse pilot frequency for estimating uplink B-type channel state information SSC of each auxiliary carrierj-CSI-B, i.e.
l.if SSC 1jBy adopting FDD duplex mode, the base station is in the downlink SSCjUplink transmission of downlink sparse pilot frequency, adjustment of pilot frequency direction to each path direction estimated by uplink PSC through beamforming, differentiation of pilot frequency corresponding to different directions in time division multiplexing or frequency division multiplexing direction, and user equipment based on CSI-A and SSCjEstimating downlink SSC for downlink sparse pilotj-CSI-B, i.e.
L1.., L, and feeds it back to the base station;
and step 3: for secondary carrier SSCjN, reconstructed SSC, j 1jThe uplink channel is:
if the secondary carrier SSCjBy adopting TDD duplexing mode, the base station reconstructs SSC according to channel reciprocityjThe downlink channel is:
if the secondary carrier SSCjBy adopting FDD duplex mode, the base station obtains the data according to CSI-A and feedback
l.1, L, reconstructed SSCjThe downlink channel is:
therefore, the invention utilizes the frequency independence of the channel space parameters, uses less pilot frequency overhead and feedback overhead, utilizes a small amount of SSC training and feedback resources, corrects the gain on the SSC, ensures the accuracy of the multi-carrier channel reconstruction of the carrier aggregation large-scale MIMO system, and greatly improves the availability of the reconstructed channel.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can understand that the modifications or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention, and therefore, the scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (7)
1. A multi-carrier channel reconstruction method facing a carrier aggregation system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, user equipment sends uplink pilot frequency on a main carrier, a base station estimates A-type channel state information and uplink B-type channel state information of the main carrier by using the received uplink pilot frequency of the main carrier, reconstructs an uplink channel of the main carrier, and reconstructs a downlink channel of the main carrier according to a duplex mode adopted by the main carrier so as to reconstruct and obtain a channel of the main carrier;
step 2, the user equipment sends uplink sparse pilot frequency on the 1 st to the Nth auxiliary carriers, the base station estimates the uplink B-type channel state information of each auxiliary carrier according to the received uplink sparse pilot frequency and the A-type channel state information of each auxiliary carrier, and estimates and feeds back the downlink B-type channel state information of each auxiliary carrier according to the duplex mode adopted by each auxiliary carrier;
and 3, the base station reconstructs the uplink channels of the auxiliary carriers according to the estimated A-type channel state information and the uplink B-type channel state information of the auxiliary carriers, and reconstructs the downlink channels of the auxiliary carriers according to the duplex mode adopted by the auxiliary carriers and the downlink B-type channel state information of the auxiliary carriers so as to reconstruct and obtain the channels of the auxiliary carriers.
2. The method for reconstructing a multicarrier channel in a carrier aggregation system according to claim 1, wherein: the type a channel state information in step 1 includes a direction angle and a time delay of each propagation path.
3. The method for reconstructing a multicarrier channel in a carrier aggregation system according to claim 1, wherein: in the method, each type B channel state information comprises the gain of each propagation path.
4. The method for reconstructing a multicarrier channel in a carrier aggregation system according to claim 1, wherein: the duplex mode adopted by the main carrier in the step 1 includes Time Division Duplex (TDD) and Frequency Division Duplex (FDD).
5. The multi-carrier channel reconstruction method for the carrier aggregation system according to claim 4, wherein: in the step 1, the main carrier downlink channel is reestablished according to the duplex mode adopted by the main carrier, which specifically includes:
when the main carrier adopts a Time Division Duplex (TDD) mode, transposing the reconstructed main carrier uplink channel to obtain a main carrier downlink channel;
when the main carrier adopts a Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) mode, a base station sends downlink sparse pilot frequency of the main carrier, and the pilot frequency direction is adjusted to the direction of each estimated path of the main carrier uplink through beam forming; the user equipment estimates and feeds back the downlink B-type channel state information of the main carrier based on the A-type channel state information and the downlink sparse pilot frequency of the main carrier; and the base station reconstructs the downlink channel of the main carrier according to the state information of the A-type channel and the downlink B-type channel of the main carrier.
6. The method for reconstructing a multicarrier channel in a carrier aggregation system according to claim 1, wherein: the duplex mode adopted by the auxiliary carrier in the step 2 comprises Time Division Duplex (TDD) and Frequency Division Duplex (FDD).
7. The method for reconstructing a multicarrier channel in a carrier aggregation system according to claim 6, wherein: estimating and feeding back downlink B-type channel state information of each auxiliary carrier according to a duplex mode adopted by each auxiliary carrier in the step 2, specifically:
when the auxiliary carrier wave adopts a time division duplex TDD mode, the uplink B-type channel state information of the auxiliary carrier wave is the downlink B-type channel state information;
when the auxiliary carrier adopts a Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) mode, a base station sends downlink sparse pilot frequency of the auxiliary carrier, and the pilot frequency direction is adjusted to the direction of each path estimated by the uplink of the main carrier through beam forming; and the user equipment estimates and feeds back the downlink B-type channel state information of the auxiliary carrier based on the A-type channel state information and the downlink sparse pilot frequency of the auxiliary carrier.
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