CN108712114A - Intelligent motor starter and its control method - Google Patents
Intelligent motor starter and its control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108712114A CN108712114A CN201810819301.5A CN201810819301A CN108712114A CN 108712114 A CN108712114 A CN 108712114A CN 201810819301 A CN201810819301 A CN 201810819301A CN 108712114 A CN108712114 A CN 108712114A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P1/00—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters
- H02P1/16—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting dynamo-electric motors or dynamo-electric converters
- H02P1/42—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting dynamo-electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting an individual single-phase induction motor
Abstract
This application involves a kind of Intelligent motor starter and its control methods, Intelligent motor starter is made of micro-chip processor and peripheral circuit, peripheral circuit includes power-supplying circuit, motor auxiliary winding voltage sampling circuit, motor main winding current sample circuit, motor auxiliary winding switchs, motor auxiliary winding voltage sampling circuit sample motor auxiliary winding S terminal voltages, motor main winding current sampling circuit samples motor main winding loop current simultaneously connects micro-chip processor respectively, after motor power-up, the ends motor auxiliary winding switch connection motor auxiliary winding S, it is connected between AC power N-terminal, the connection is turned off after one starting cycle；Motor main winding loop current is detected, it is normal to start when main winding loop current signals are less than motor rotation blockage electric current；It is abnormal to start when main winding loop current signals are more than or equal to motor rotation blockage electric current, after period interval time, execute next starting.The multiple functional convenience of the application, at low cost, strong antijamming capability, effect are good.
Description
Technical field
This application involves a kind of Intelligent motor starter and its control methods, are mainly used for the single-phase system such as refrigerator, air-conditioning
The starting control of cold compressor, it can also be used to the starting control of other single-phase asynchronous motors.
Background technology
Refrigerator, air-conditioning for using at present etc. determine frequency refrigeration compressor and generally use single-phase asynchronous motor, in the stator of motor
Embedded with double winding, a set of is main winding, and another set of is auxiliary winding.When electrical power starts, main winding and auxiliary winding are simultaneously
It is powered and generates magnetic field, the rotating excitation field cutting stationary rotor of synthesis generates certain electromagnetic torque, makes rotor start to rotate, rise
Rotor torque after dynamic will gradually increase, and when rotating speed reaches the synchronous rotational speed of 75%-80%, cut off auxiliary winding circuit, motor
It remains to continue to rotate raising speed, until reaching and external impedance torque balance, steady running；And auxiliary winding is switched on and off by starting
Device is completed.
The starter of control auxiliary winding break-make is divided into time lagged type starter and electric current induction type starter two major classes at present, prolongs
When type starter include posive temperature coefficient thermistor（PTC）Starter and electronic type delay-action starter, electric current induction type start
Device includes mutual inductance type starter and Weight type self-starter.
PTC starters are to realize to start using PTC thermistor R/T characteristics, and PTC resistor room temperature is smaller, electric motor starting
Flowing through with auxiliary winding electric current afterwards, makes PTC fevers and resistance value rises rapidly, has the function that substantially shut off auxiliary winding, start
Size of the delay time depending on the R/T characteristics and flowed through electric current of PTC still has more than ten millis in PTC elements after the completion of starting
The maintenance electric current of peace passes through, and high-impedance state is kept to maintain the fever of PTC elements, this maintains electric current to will produce 3W or so
Power consumption results in a large amount of wastes of electric energy.
In order to reduce power consumption, using the trigger circuit that small-power PTC resistor is connected on to bidirectional triode thyristor, motor rises
PTC resistor fever after dynamic and resistance value rises rapidly, trigger current declines, control bidirectional triode thyristor disconnect to time delayed turn-off pair around
Group circuit, this small-power PTC resistor power consumption is in 0.3W or so.
The operation principle of electronic type delay-action starter utilizes the design of electronic hardware circuitry and software, control after electric motor starting
Electronic switch time delayed turn-off auxiliary winding circuit processed.The Chinese patent of the Patent No. CN102158150A of applicant's application is in electricity
Machine utilizes the charging time delays time to control electronic switch cut-out auxiliary winding circuit of capacitance after starting, achieve the purpose that start motor.
The Chinese patent of Patent No. CN104124903A is that special module timing is utilized after electric motor starting, is controlled after reaching the predetermined time
Electronic switch cuts off auxiliary winding circuit, achievees the purpose that start motor.
The operation principle of electric current induction type starter is to be connected on auxiliary winding using the curent change control of motor main winding
The break-make of upper switch, main winding starting current is larger when starting beginning, and control auxiliary winding circuit switching is connected；Electric motor starting is completed
Afterwards, main winding current declines, and cuts off auxiliary winding circuit switching, completes entire starting process.Mutual inductance type starter switch is generally adopted
With bidirectional triode thyristor, Weight type self-starter switch uses contact mechanical switch.
In summary various starting techniques, time lagged type starter turn off motor pair after motor connection after delay specific time
Winding loop does not have self-checking function to realize electric motor starting, to the starting effect of motor, as in the starting time without normal starting
It can cause stall.The break-make of electric current induction type starter auxiliary winding depends on that the variation with main winding current, starter are joined with motor
Several is matched with higher requirement, such as matches bad, and auxiliary winding can not turn off after causing motor that can not start or start, especially
At motor overload or stall auxiliary winding can connected for a long time, increases the probability that the motor feels hot and damages.
Invention content
The technical issues of the application is solved is to overcome drawback present in the above start mode, after electric motor starting starts
Delayed firing mode is first used, after completing a starting cycle, judges whether motor effectively rises by detecting main winding current
It is dynamic, if motor does not have normal starting, next starting cycle is executed again after being spaced the defined time, it is achievable multiple by setting
The cycle in period starts, and improves the reliability of electric motor starting.
Technical solution includes used by the application solves above-mentioned technical problem：
A kind of Intelligent motor starter, is made of micro-chip processor and peripheral circuit, it is characterized in that the peripheral circuit includes
Power-supplying circuit, motor auxiliary winding voltage sampling circuit, motor main winding current sample circuit, motor auxiliary winding switch, electricity
Source power supply circuit is by high-voltage capacitance, varistor, dropping resistor, diode one, diode two, storage capacitor two and storage capacitor
Three compositions provide the power supply needed for micro-chip processor normal work；Described high-voltage capacitance one end is connect with motor common end, described
The high-voltage capacitance other end is connect with dropping resistor one end, varistor one end, the dropping resistor other end and the diode
The cathode connection of one anode, the diode two, it is one end of the cathode of the diode one and the storage capacitor two, described
The positive supply input terminal of micro-chip processor connects, one end of the anode of the diode two and the storage capacitor three, described micro-
The negative supply input terminal of processing chip connects, the other end of the other end of the storage capacitor two and the storage capacitor three, micro-
The zero-bit end of processing chip connects, and the zero-bit end of the micro-chip processor, the varistor other end connect alternating current jointly
Source N-terminal, motor auxiliary winding switch are connected between the ends motor auxiliary winding S, AC power N-terminal, motor auxiliary winding voltage sample electricity
The voltage at road ends sample motor auxiliary winding S by way of partial pressure, motor main winding current sampling circuit samples motor main winding return
The electric current on road, the sampled signal of motor auxiliary winding voltage sampling circuit and the sampled signal of motor main winding current sample circuit point
Not Jie Ru micro-chip processor input terminal.
The motor auxiliary winding voltage sampling circuit is composed in series by divider resistance two, divider resistance three, the partial pressure electricity
One end of resistance two is connect with the ends motor auxiliary winding S；One end of two other end of the divider resistance and divider resistance three, Wei Chu
Manage the voltage sampling port connection of chip, another termination AC power N-terminal of the divider resistance three.
The motor main winding current sample circuit is provided with current sampling resistor, one end of current sampling resistor and Wei Chu
Manage current sampling port, the connection of the ends motor main winding M of chip；Another termination AC power N-terminal of the current sampling resistor.
Motor auxiliary winding switch uses bidirectional triode thyristor, and the control that the gate pole of bidirectional triode thyristor connects micro-chip processor is defeated
Outlet.
The motor auxiliary winding switch includes bidirectional triode thyristor T, posive temperature coefficient thermistor, positive temperature coefficient temperature-sensitive electricity
Resistance, bidirectional triode thyristor are serially connected between the ends motor auxiliary winding S, AC power N-terminal, and the control output end of micro-chip processor connects two-way
Silicon-controlled gate pole.
Zero-cross comparator module, zero-crossing pulse generation module, central processing module, timing are provided in the micro-chip processor
Module, the Zero-cross comparator module receive the sampled signal and AC power N-terminal zero curve letter of motor auxiliary winding voltage sampling circuit
Number and carry out Zero-cross comparator, Zero-cross comparator signal send the zero-crossing pulse generation module, was generated by zero-crossing pulse generation module
Zero pulse signal；The central processing module is all connected with zero-crossing pulse generation module, timing module, the ends motor main winding M.
Technical solution further includes used by the application solves above-mentioned technical problem：
The control method of above-mentioned Intelligent motor starter, it is characterized in that including the following steps：
After motor power-up, the voltage sampling signal at the ends motor auxiliary winding S and AC power N-terminal neutral signal input micro-chip processor
And it is compared processing, the zero-crossing pulse of micro-chip processor output end output and auxiliary winding loop current synchronous waveform controls institute
It states the connection between the motor auxiliary winding switch connection motor ends auxiliary winding S and AC power N-terminal and starts motor, continue preset
Starting time（Duration starting cycle）Afterwards, control motor auxiliary winding switch closes the ends motor auxiliary winding S, AC power N-terminal
Between connection, complete starting cycle；Then motor main winding current sampling circuit samples flow through the electricity in main winding circuit
Signal is flowed, when the current signal in the main winding circuit sampled is more than or equal to the preset locked rotor current of micro-chip processor and microprocessor
When the starting cycle of chip setting, number was not timed out, by preset period interval time（Interval between two starting cycles
Time）Afterwards, it executes next starting cycle and number starting cycle adds 1；Otherwise starting process terminates（Micro-chip processor initializes
Starting cycle number）.
The central processing module receives sampled signal and the timing module production of motor main winding current sample circuit
Raw timing signal, is handled by software design requirement, outputs control signals to the zero-crossing pulse generation module, and control is every
Interval time, number starting cycle between duration of a zero-crossing pulse starting cycle signal output, two starting cycles,
Controlled zero-crossing pulse signal is switched on and off by what the output end output control motor auxiliary winding of the micro-chip processor switched.
The application compared with prior art, has the following advantages and effect：It is simple for structure, it is multiple functional, it is easy to use, cost compared with
Low, strong antijamming capability, effect is good.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of Intelligent motor starter embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of Intelligent motor starter embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is micro-chip processor operation principle block diagram in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is generated oscillogram in the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
The operation principle of the present invention is introduced below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment 1：
If the operation principle of Fig. 1, power-supplying circuit are after motor 2 powers up, the ends AC power L are connected to by overload protective device 1
Motor common end C, while being inputted as starter power-supplying circuit, enter through high-voltage capacitance C1, varistor RV1 was prevented
High voltage enters current rectifying and wave filtering circuit and damages device, after dropping resistor R1 decompression, all the way by one D1 rectifications of diode and
Storage capacitor two C2 filtering, generates micro-chip processor IC1 positive supply Vdd, and another way passes through two D2 rectifications of diode and energy storage electricity
Hold three C3 filtering, generate negative supply Vee, the power supply needed for micro-chip processor IC1 work is provided.
Micro-chip processor IC1 internal frame diagrams are as shown in figure 3, including Zero-cross comparator module, zero-crossing pulse generation module, center
Processing module, timing module.There are two input terminal, motor auxiliary winding S for Zero-cross comparator module inside the micro-chip processor IC1
The voltage at end is connected to the voltage sample Lhr of the micro-chip processor IC1 through two R2 of divider resistance and divider resistance three R3 partial pressures
End, as an input terminal of the Zero-cross comparator module, AC power N-terminal neutral signal is connected to the micro-chip processor
The zero-bit N-terminal of IC1, as another input terminal.Two input signals of the Zero-cross comparator module pair are compared, when the ends Lhr
Signal exports high level signal when being more than neutral signal, and low level signal is exported when Lhr end signals are less than neutral signal, defeated
The Zero-cross comparator signal gone out is sent to zero passage arteries and veins of the zero-crossing pulse generation module generation with auxiliary winding loop current waveform with phase
Punching（Waveform such as Fig. 4）, the sampled signal and timing signal of the central processing module reception motor main winding current sample circuit,
The sampled signal of motor main winding current sample circuit is inputted by the ends current sample Vq of the micro-chip processor IC1, timing letter
Number by inside the micro-chip processor IC1 the timing module generate.The output control signal of the central processing module is sent
To the zero-crossing pulse generation module, control duration of each zero-crossing pulse starting cycle output, two starting cycles it
Between interval time, number starting cycle.Controlled zero-crossing pulse signal by the micro-chip processor IC1 output end Ig connections
The gate pole G of bidirectional triode thyristor T, control bidirectional triode thyristor T are turned on and off.After motor 2 powers up, starter output end output current
Ig flows through the gate pole G of bidirectional triode thyristor T, and the ends motor auxiliary winding S is made to pass through the ends A1 and the A2 termination indirect currents of bidirectional triode thyristor T
Source N-terminal, motor auxiliary winding circuit have electric current to flow through and realize motor 2 and start.At the same time timing module starts timing, works as timing
Reach the set starting time（Duration starting cycle）Preset value（Such as 1S）When, it controls the zero-crossing pulse and generates mould
Block turns off the output of Ig ends, and motor terminates 2 one starting cycles.The current sampling resistor R4 is complete 2 one starting cycles in motor
It is sampled at the rear size of current to motor main winding circuit, the current sample Vq that sampled signal passes through micro-chip processor IC1
The central processing module inside the feeding of end is compared processing, when the current signal in main winding circuit is less than the microprocessor
The preset motor rotation blockage electric current of chip IC 1（Such as 2A）When, it is judged as starting normally, starting process terminates.When main winding circuit
Current signal be more than or equal to the preset motor rotation blockage electric current of micro-chip processor（Such as 2A）When, it is judged as starting abnormal, process
Interval time between preset starting cycle（Such as 2S）Afterwards, micro-chip processor IC1 exports control electric current Ig again, under execution
One starting cycle.If cycle performs number starting cycle of setting（Such as 3 times）Afterwards, motor 2 is still without normal starting,
Judge that starting failure, starting process terminate.
Embodiment 2：
The basic structure of embodiment 2 is same as Example 1, differs only in the ends motor auxiliary winding S in embodiment 2 and passes through positive temperature
Coefficient resistance PTC, the ends A1 of bidirectional triode thyristor T and A2 termination indirect currents source N-terminal.When motor 2 starts, auxiliary winding end S
Indirect current source N-terminal is terminated by posive temperature coefficient thermistor PTC, the ends A1 of bidirectional triode thyristor T and A2, in bidirectional triode thyristor
The ends A1 of T and A2 terminal shortcircuits have the function of protecting motor 2 when failing.
The starting process of the application is：After motor 2 powers up, after starter receives electric motor starting signal, generation and motor
For auxiliary winding S terminal voltages with the zero-crossing pulse triggering bidirectional triode thyristor conducting of phase, connecting auxiliary winding circuit makes electric motor starting；In simultaneously
Portion's timing module starts timing, and when timing reaches the starting time preset value of setting, control bidirectional triode thyristor cuts off auxiliary winding
A starting cycle is completed in circuit.The starter is also equipped with self-checking function, detected in real time after the completion of electric motor starting motor master around
The electric current in group circuit is judged as when the current signal in main winding circuit motor rotation blockage electric current preset less than micro-chip processor
It starts normal；When the current signal in main winding circuit motor rotation blockage electric current preset more than or equal to micro-chip processor, it is judged as
Exception is started, after the interval time between two preset starting cycles, executes next starting cycle.If it is determined that
It starts normally, or is judged as starting abnormal and has recycled number starting cycle for performing setting, starting process terminates.This
Application is made of special micro-chip processor and several peripheral cells, and circuit is simple, and cost is relatively low.Consumption power after the completion of starting
It is relatively low, controllable precise, self-test defencive function it can improve electric motor starting as required down to milliwatt, entire starting process
Reliability reduces probability of the motor because of stall fever damage.
Described in this specification above content is only to structure of the invention example explanation；Moreover, this hair
The title that bright each section is taken can also be different, what all structure, feature and principles according to described in inventional idea of the present invention were done etc.
Effect or simple change, are included in the scope of protection of the invention patent.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of Intelligent motor starter, is made of micro-chip processor and peripheral circuit, it is characterized in that：The peripheral circuit
It is opened including power-supplying circuit, motor auxiliary winding voltage sampling circuit, motor main winding current sample circuit, motor auxiliary winding
It closes, power-supplying circuit is by high-voltage capacitance, varistor, dropping resistor, diode one, diode two, storage capacitor two and storage
Energy capacitance three forms, and described high-voltage capacitance one end is connect with motor common end, the high-voltage capacitance other end and dropping resistor one
End, the connection of varistor one end, the dropping resistor other end and the anode of the diode one, the cathode of the diode two
Connection, the cathode of the diode one connect with one end of the storage capacitor two, the positive supply input terminal of the micro-chip processor
It connecing, the anode of the diode two is connect with the negative supply input terminal of one end of the storage capacitor three, the micro-chip processor,
The other end of the storage capacitor two is connect with the zero-bit end of the other end of the storage capacitor three, micro-chip processor, described micro-
The zero-bit end of processing chip, the varistor other end connect AC power N-terminal jointly, and motor auxiliary winding switch is connected to electricity
Between the ends machine auxiliary winding S, AC power N-terminal, motor auxiliary winding voltage sampling circuit sample motor auxiliary winding S by way of partial pressure
The voltage at end, the electric current in motor main winding current sampling circuit samples motor main winding circuit, motor auxiliary winding voltage sample electricity
The sampled signal on road and the sampled signal of motor main winding current sample circuit are respectively connected to the micro-chip processor, described micro-
The gate pole control terminal of the output end connection motor auxiliary winding switch of processing chip.
2. Intelligent motor starter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：The motor auxiliary winding voltage sampling circuit by
Divider resistance two, divider resistance three are composed in series, and one end of the divider resistance two is connect with the ends motor auxiliary winding S；Institute
It states two other end of divider resistance to connect with the voltage sampling port of one end of divider resistance three, micro-chip processor, the divider resistance
Three another termination AC power N-terminal.
3. Intelligent motor starter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：The motor main winding current sample circuit is set
It is equipped with current sampling resistor, one end of current sampling resistor and the current sampling port of micro-chip processor, the ends motor main winding M connect
It connects；Another termination AC power N-terminal of the current sampling resistor.
4. Intelligent motor starter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：The motor auxiliary winding switch use is two-way can
Silicon is controlled, the gate pole of bidirectional triode thyristor connects the output end of micro-chip processor.
5. Intelligent motor starter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：Motor auxiliary winding switch include it is two-way can
Silicon T, posive temperature coefficient thermistor are controlled, posive temperature coefficient thermistor, bidirectional triode thyristor are serially connected in the ends motor auxiliary winding S, hand over
Between the N-terminal of galvanic electricity source, the output of micro-chip processor terminates bidirectional triode thyristor gate pole.
6. Intelligent motor starter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：Zero passage ratio is provided in the micro-chip processor
Compared with module, zero-crossing pulse generation module, central processing module, timing module, the Zero-cross comparator module receives motor auxiliary winding
The sampled signal of voltage sampling circuit and AC power N-terminal neutral signal simultaneously carry out Zero-cross comparator, and Zero-cross comparator signal send described
Zero-crossing pulse generation module generates zero-crossing pulse signal by zero-crossing pulse generation module；The central processing module and zero passage arteries and veins
Rush generation module, timing module, the ends motor main winding M are all connected with.
7. according to the control method of Intelligent motor starter described in claim 1~6 any claim, it is characterized in that including
Following steps：
After motor power-up, voltage sampling signal and the AC power N-terminal neutral signal at the ends motor auxiliary winding S input micro-chip processor
And it is compared processing, the output of micro-chip processor output end, with the zero-crossing pulse of phase, controls institute with auxiliary winding loop current waveform
It states the connection between the motor auxiliary winding switch connection motor ends auxiliary winding S and AC power N-terminal and starts motor, continue preset
After starting time, control motor auxiliary winding switch closes the connection between the ends motor auxiliary winding S, AC power N-terminal；Then motor
Main winding current sampling circuit samples flow through the current signal in main winding circuit, when the current signal in the main winding circuit sampled
Number starting cycle of the locked rotor current and micro-chip processor setting preset more than or equal to micro-chip processor is not timed out, microprocessor core
Piece executes next starting cycle and number starting cycle adds 1 after preset period interval time；Otherwise starting process knot
Beam.
8. the control method of Intelligent motor starter according to claim 7, it is characterized in that：The central processing module connects
It receives the sampled signal of motor main winding current sample circuit and controls the timing module work, output control signals to the mistake
Zero pulse generation module controlled between duration of each zero-crossing pulse starting cycle signal output, two starting cycles
Interval time, number starting cycle, controlled zero-crossing pulse signal are exported by the output end of the micro-chip processor.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810819301.5A CN108712114B (en) | 2018-07-24 | 2018-07-24 | Intelligent motor starter and control method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810819301.5A CN108712114B (en) | 2018-07-24 | 2018-07-24 | Intelligent motor starter and control method thereof |
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| CN108712114A true CN108712114A (en) | 2018-10-26 |
| CN108712114B CN108712114B (en) | 2023-07-04 |
Family
ID=63874364
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| CN201810819301.5A Active CN108712114B (en) | 2018-07-24 | 2018-07-24 | Intelligent motor starter and control method thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112165279A (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2021-01-01 | 长虹华意压缩机股份有限公司 | Control system and method for constant-frequency compressor of refrigeration appliance |
| CN116158680A (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2023-05-26 | 漳州松霖智能家居有限公司 | Control method of skin cleaning device and skin cleaning device |
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| CN116158680A (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2023-05-26 | 漳州松霖智能家居有限公司 | Control method of skin cleaning device and skin cleaning device |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN108712114B (en) | 2023-07-04 |
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