Disclosure of Invention
The application aims at: in order to solve the problems, a serial capacitor is formed by drawing circuit copper foils on two independent circuit boards to form a high-frequency signal coupler, an antenna assembly and a mixer assembly are placed on polar plates of the copper foil drawing capacitor, and high-frequency signals are fed between electrodes of the serial capacitor to form the high-sensitivity induction capacitive object movement sensor.
In order to solve the technical problems, the application has the following technical scheme:
the application relates to a capacitive object movement sensor, which comprises an induction circuit board, a signal circuit board, a shielding cover body and a serial capacitive body, and is characterized in that: the serial capacitor body is a high-frequency signal coupler formed by copper foils drawn on the induction circuit board and the signal circuit board, object moving high-frequency signals are fed by the coupler through signal ends of the two circuit boards, and the induction signals are output by the signal circuit board.
The serial capacitor pole plates form a transmitting and receiving antenna assembly of the induction circuit board; forming a symmetrical plate capacitor Cf;
the serial capacitor pole plates form a mixer assembly and form asymmetric flat plate capacitors Ct and Cr with Cf;
the signal end formed by the serial capacitor electrode plates is arranged on the induction circuit board and the signal circuit board.
Preferably, wherein:
the high-frequency capacitive coupler consists of a capacitor body Ct, cr and Cf in series, wherein the Ct outputs a high-frequency signal of the signal generating unit to the transmitting antenna through the transmitting end of the signal circuit board; cr inputs the high-frequency signal into the mixer through the receiving end of the signal circuit board by the receiving antenna, and the moving object induction signal is output from the bottom of the mixer.
Preferably, wherein:
the circuit board also comprises a signal generating unit, a transmitting unit, a receiving unit, a mixer, a power circuit and an induction signal output; the signal generating unit is connected with the transmitting unit and the mixer; the mixer is connected with the receiving unit and the induction signal output, and the signal generating unit is connected with the power circuit.
Preferably, wherein:
the mixer consists of two asymmetric flat-plate capacitor plates, wherein the upper part is a Ct plate, the lower part is a Cr plate, and the mixer tube is connected to the Ct plate and the Cr plate.
Preferably, wherein:
the manufacturing method of the Cf comprises the following steps:
step one: drawing a copper foil of the induction circuit board to form 2 square blocks with 6mm intervals;
step two: a 5 x 2mm signal terminal was plotted and connected to the exact center of the two squares with a 10mil width line;
step three: mirror image step one, two assemblies, adjust mirror image distance, make Cf=0.5pF;
the manufacturing method of the asymmetric flat plate type capacitive coupler Cr comprises the following steps:
step one: drawing a copper foil of the signal circuit board, so that the lower part of the signal mixer is formed into a concave spoon-shaped body with 235 x 190mil/95 x 110 mil;
step two: drawing a 216 x 53mil I-shaped, single-sided open signal terminal connected to the right-hand center of the mixer recess wall with a 30-67mil width line;
step three: adjusting the line width to enable the coupler capacity Cr=4.2 pF of the lower line part and the Cf receiving capacity plate part of the mixer;
the Ct manufacturing method comprises the following steps:
step one: drawing a copper foil of a signal circuit board, and enabling the upper part of a signal mixer to be 382 x 348mil stacked mountain-shaped; two 78 x 78mil square blocks are arranged on two sides of the mountain-shaped bottom and connected with GND through the via hole; the signal generating unit is connected to the top end of the mountain-shaped mixer by a line with the width of 10-65mil and connected to the signal generating unit by a patch capacitor;
step two: the mountain shape and line width of 10-65mil were adjusted to give a capacity cr=7.4 pF of the coupler between the upper part of the mixer and the Cf transmitting plate part according to cr=4.2 pF and according to the calculation formula ct= jCr, j= 1.762.
Preferably, wherein:
the Ct and Cr insulating mediums are an induction circuit board and a signal circuit board, the thickness of each insulating medium is 0.1-10mm, the insulating medium is FR4 glass fiber material, and insulating green oil is covered to form a serial capacitor.
Preferably, wherein:
the power supply circuit is provided with a patch resistor which is connected to the D pole of the HJ-FET tube of the signal generating unit; the HJ-FET tube is packaged into a cross, a 5 x 3mm resonator is arranged on the right side of the tube, and the tube is stuck to a circuit board of a cross base by resin; the D pole and the S pole are respectively provided with a fan-shaped microstrip feedback device.
Preferably, wherein:
the shielding cover is internally provided with a signal generating and partial signal capacitive coupler, a transmitting unit, a receiving unit, a mixer and a power circuit which are positioned at the right center of the circuit board; the shield case has fixed teeth inserted into the circuit board.
Preferably, wherein:
the power input and the moving object sensing signal output are positioned at four corners of the circuit board.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the application has the beneficial effects that:
and (3) a step of: the capacitor body serial drawn by the copper foil forms a signal coupler, the inductor antenna unit is arranged on the polar plate of the serial capacitor body Cf, and the high-frequency signals are coupled between the polar plates of the capacitor body, so that the excessive attenuation of inductance reactance to the high-frequency signals caused by the coupling signals through the connection of the via holes is eliminated, and the signal transmission efficiency is improved.
And II: the object movement sensor can determine Cr and Ct capacitance values according to different detection frequencies by using a calculation formula Ct= jCr and j= 1.762, so that signal matching is facilitated.
Thirdly,: the mixer components are respectively arranged on the Ct polar plate and the Cr capacitive polar plate, so that the detection output of the mixer is enhanced, and the induction sensitivity of the sensor is improved.
Detailed Description
As used in the specification and claims, certain terms, such as words, phrases, or terms, may be used to refer to particular components and circuit configurations, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that engineering technicians, hardware, and component manufacturers may refer to the same component and name by different terms and phrases. For ease of understanding, description and illustration, the skilled artisan will also use the same names or terms describing inductors of component and unit circuits, such as circuit boards, microstrip lines, signal terminals, capacitive couplers, asymmetric flat plate capacitors Ct and Cr, dielectric media, signal generating units, signal feeds, signal output inputs, transmitting units, receiving units, mixers, power circuits, and inductive signal outputs, etc., as referred to throughout the specification and claims, which names or terms are presented herein in the form of component or circuit units.
The description, the drawings, the abstract and the drawings claims of the application are not to be taken as a way of distinguishing between components or circuits, but to use the differences in the structures, functions, application rules, design methods and use ideas of the components or circuits as a rule of distinction.
The description hereinafter sets forth a preferred embodiment for practicing the application, but is not intended to limit the scope of the application, as the description is given for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the application. The scope of the application is defined by the appended claims.
"including" is an open-ended term that should be interpreted to mean "including, but not limited to. By "substantially" is meant that within an acceptable error range, a person skilled in the art is able to solve the technical problem within a certain error range, substantially achieving the technical effect. Furthermore, the term "coupled" as used herein includes any direct or indirect electrical coupling. Accordingly, if a first device couples to a second device, that connection may be through a direct electrical coupling to the second device, or through another device or coupling means coupled to ground. The description hereinafter sets forth a preferred embodiment for practicing the application, but is not intended to limit the scope of the application, as the description is given for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the application. The scope of the application is defined by the appended claims.
Referring to fig. 1, a capacitive object movement sensor according to an embodiment of the present application is shown.
The moving object sensor in this embodiment includes on a circuit board: the antenna comprises an induction circuit board 10, a transmitting antenna 101, transmitting signal terminals 1011 and 2011. The signal circuit board 20, the signal coupling capacitor 30, the receiving antenna 102, the receiving signal terminals 1021 and 2021, the power supply circuit 203, the mixer 204, the signal generation 205, and the sensing signal output 206.
1: the capacitive object movement sensor comprises an induction circuit board 10, a signal circuit board 20, a shielding cover body and a serial capacitor body, wherein the serial capacitor body is a high-frequency signal coupler formed by drawing copper foil on the induction circuit board 10 and the signal circuit board 20, high-frequency signals for object movement are fed by the coupler through signal ends 1011 and 2011, 1021 and 2021 of the two circuit boards, so that high-frequency detection signals of the sensor are transmitted between serial capacitors formed by the induction circuit board 10 and the signal circuit board 20, the attenuation of impedance and inductance generated by via hole connection to the signals is eliminated, and the transmission efficiency of the signals is provided. The sensing signal is output by the signal circuit board 20, so that the signal is convenient to externally use.
The serial capacitor plates form a transmitting and receiving antenna assembly of the induction circuit board 10, so that the plate parts of the capacitor are exposed, a detection surface in contact with the external space appears, a symmetrical flat capacitor Cf is formed, the transmission and the reception of high-frequency signals are completed, and the induction detection of a moving object is realized.
The serial capacitor plates form the mixer component 204 of the signal circuit board 20, so that the mixer has higher detection efficiency, the mixer component forms two groups of asymmetric flat capacitors Ct and Cr through the signal end and the signal end of the sensing circuit board Cf, and the three groups of capacitors Ct, cr and Cf form a high-frequency signal coupler in series, so that signals are directly input and output on the plates of the capacitors. Ct outputs the high-frequency signal of the signal generating unit to the transmitting antenna through the transmitting end 2011 of the signal circuit board; cr inputs a high-frequency signal into the mixer through the signal circuit board receiving end 2021 by the receiving antenna, and a moving object induction signal is output from the bottom of the mixer;
the symmetrical capacitor Cf is a symmetrical serial capacitor transmitting and receiving antenna part formed by drawing copper foil of the inductor circuit board 10, and generates exposed contact surfaces of polar plates for transmitting and receiving high-frequency signals by the sensor.
The two groups of asymmetric flat plate type capacitors Ct and Cr are formed by drawing copper foils of double-sided circuit boards of a signal circuit board 20, a mixed component is arranged on a pole plate, an insulating medium formed by the two circuit boards and Cf form a serial type capacitor to form a high-frequency signal coupler, detection signals are directly coupled on the pole plate of the capacitor, the influence of impedance and inductive reactance attenuation signals of a transmission signal circuit connected with a via hole is effectively eliminated, and the induction sensitivity of the sensor is improved.
In order to enable the sensor to work normally, the circuit board also comprises a signal generating unit, a transmitting unit, a receiving unit, a mixer, a power circuit and an induction signal output; the signal generating unit is connected with the transmitting unit and the mixer; the mixer is connected with the receiving unit and the induction signal output, and the signal generating unit is connected with the power circuit. The circuit portion may provide the sensor with an object movement detection signal and output a movement induction signal from the mixer.
The mixer consists of two asymmetric flat-plate capacitor plates, wherein the upper part is a Ct plate, the lower part is a Cr plate, and high-frequency signals are directly coupled to Cr plate antennas through connected signal ends, so that the signal transmission efficiency is improved. The mixer tube is connected to the Ct and Cr polar plates, so that the detection efficiency of the mixer is enhanced. Thereby improving the sensing sensitivity of the sensor.
Through long-term research and experiments, the copper foil of the circuit board is utilized to arrange the circuit parts of the mixer, the transmitting unit and the receiving unit on the polar plate of the serial capacitor body, so that the induction sensitivity of the inductor of the sensor is greatly improved.
According to the high-frequency signal frequency characteristic and the induction distance of the sensor, the capacitance values of Cr, ct and Cr signal capacitors need to be determined. According to the application, through numerous experiments, accurate calculation and repeated tests, the induction signal coverage and sensitivity reach the optimal effect when the capacitance value of Cf is 0.5pF and the capacitance ratio j= 1.762 of Ct and Cr for the high-frequency microwave signal of 5-17 Ghz.
According to the above features, the circuit board copper foil is drawn on the induction circuit board 10 to make the capacitance value of Cf 0.5pF, the circuit board copper foil is drawn on the signal circuit board 20 to change the microstrip line structure, the microwave mixer 204 output is set to be concave, funnel-shaped, the bottom is connected with fan-shaped and other special shapes, the insulating medium formed by the FR4 circuit board material and the induction circuit board Cf receiving antenna polar plate parts 102, 1021 form a capacitor body, the capacitor cr=4.2 pF is made, the antenna output capacitor ct=7.4 pF is made according to the calculation formula ct= jCr, j= 1.762 by using a similar design method, and the capacitor body of the sensor is made to reach the optimal signal matching state.
The specific implementation is as follows:
1: the manufacturing method of the symmetrical flat capacitor Cf comprises the following steps:
step one: drawing a copper foil of the induction circuit board to form 2 square blocks with 6mm intervals;
step two: a 5 x 2mm signal terminal was plotted and connected to the exact center of the two squares with a 10mil width line;
step three: and mirroring the first component and the second component, and adjusting the mirroring distance to ensure that Cf=0.5 pF.
2: the manufacturing method of the asymmetric flat plate type capacitive coupler Cr comprises the following steps:
step one: drawing a copper foil of the signal circuit board, so that the lower part of the signal mixer is formed into a concave spoon-shaped body with 235 x 190mil/95 x 110 mil;
step two: an i-shaped, single-sided open signal terminal of 216 x 53mil is drawn and connected to the right-hand center of the mixer recess wall with a line of 30-67mil width.
Step three: the line width is adjusted so that the coupler capacity cr=4.2 pF of the mixer lower line section and the Cf receiving plate section.
3: the manufacturing method of the asymmetric flat plate type capacitive coupler Ct comprises the following steps:
step one: drawing a copper foil of a signal circuit board, and enabling the upper part of a signal mixer to be 382 x 348mil stacked mountain-shaped; two 78 x 78mil square blocks are arranged on two sides of the mountain-shaped bottom and connected with GND through the via hole; the signal generating unit is connected to the top end of the mountain-shaped mixer by a line with the width of 10-65mil and connected to the signal generating unit by a patch capacitor;
step two: the mountain shape and line width of 10-65mil were adjusted to give a capacity cr=7.4 pF of the coupler between the upper part of the mixer and the Cf transmitting plate part according to cr=4.2 pF and according to the calculation formula ct= jCr, j= 1.762.
The mixer consists of two asymmetric flat-plate capacitor plates, wherein the upper part is a Ct plate, the lower part is a Cr plate, and the mixer tube is connected to the Ct plate and the Cr plate; the detection sensitivity of the mixer is provided, a fan-shaped filter is connected to the center of the bottom of the mixer, high-frequency signals are filtered, and meanwhile, moving object induction signals are output.
Ct and Cr, the insulating medium is an induction circuit board and a signal circuit board, the thickness of the two circuit boards is 0.1-10mm respectively, the material is FR4 glass fiber material, in the circuit board production process, an insulator formed by solder resist green oil is covered, the two circuit boards are compounded together to form a serial capacitor, and high-frequency signals are transmitted in a high-frequency signal coupler formed by the two circuit boards.
On the signal circuit board, a patch resistor is connected to the D pole of the HJ-FET tube of the signal generating unit to provide power, the HJ-FET tube is packaged into a cross, the right side is provided with a 5 x 3mm resonator, the resonator is stuck on the circuit board of the cross base by resin glue to form a high-frequency signal generating unit to provide detection signals for the sensor, and the D pole and the S pole are respectively provided with a fan-shaped microstrip feedback device to improve the stability of the signal circuit.
On the signal circuit board, the signal generating and partial signal capacitive coupler, the transmitting unit, the receiving unit, the mixer and the power circuit are arranged in the shielding cover body and are positioned at the right center of the circuit board, so that the interference of external signals and the overflow of signals in the sensor are prevented, and the reliability of the circuit is improved. The shield cover has fixed teeth inserted into the circuit board to prevent the cover from sliding.
The power input and the moving object sensing signal output are arranged at four corners of the circuit board, so that the sensor is convenient to connect with the outside for use.
According to the above embodiments, the beneficial effects of the application are as follows:
and (3) a step of: the capacitor body serial drawn by the copper foil forms a signal coupler, the inductor antenna unit is arranged on the polar plate of the serial capacitor body Cf, and the high-frequency signal is coupled in the middle of the polar plate of the capacitor body, so that excessive attenuation of inductance to the high-frequency signal caused by via connection coupling is eliminated, and the signal transmission efficiency is improved.
And II: the sensor can determine the capacitance values of Cr and Ct according to different signal frequencies by using a calculation formula Ct= jCr and j= 1.762, so that signal matching is facilitated.
Thirdly,: the mixer components are respectively arranged on the Ct polar plate and the Cr capacitive polar plate, so that the detection output of the mixer is enhanced, and the induction sensitivity of the sensor is improved.
While the foregoing description illustrates and describes the preferred embodiments of the present application, it is to be understood that the application is not limited to the forms disclosed herein, but is not to be construed as limited to other embodiments, and is capable of numerous other combinations, modifications and environments and is capable of changes or modifications within the scope of the inventive concept as described herein, either as a result of the foregoing teachings or as a result of the knowledge or technology in the relevant art. And that modifications and variations which do not depart from the spirit and scope of the application are intended to be within the scope of the appended claims.