CN108707000A - Method, system and the compound fertilizer of producing compound fertilizer by high tower granulating - Google Patents
Method, system and the compound fertilizer of producing compound fertilizer by high tower granulating Download PDFInfo
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- CN108707000A CN108707000A CN201810576816.7A CN201810576816A CN108707000A CN 108707000 A CN108707000 A CN 108707000A CN 201810576816 A CN201810576816 A CN 201810576816A CN 108707000 A CN108707000 A CN 108707000A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G1/00—Mixtures of fertilisers belonging individually to different subclasses of C05
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2/00—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic
- B01J2/02—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic by dividing the liquid material into drops, e.g. by spraying, and solidifying the drops
- B01J2/04—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic by dividing the liquid material into drops, e.g. by spraying, and solidifying the drops in a gaseous medium
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Abstract
The invention belongs to technical field of composite fertilizer, it is related to a kind of method of producing compound fertilizer by high tower granulating, system and compound fertilizer.The method of the producing compound fertilizer by high tower granulating of the present invention, includes the following steps：Sulfuric acid and urea are reacted, sulfuric acid urea solution is generated；Sulfuric acid urea solution is mixed with ammonia source, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer, forms the suspended slurries of NPK of homogeneous state；The suspended slurries of NPK are sprayed by the prilling spry in high tower, complete to be granulated in tower.Present invention process is simple, it is easy to implement, energy consumption and production cost can be greatly reduced, the problems such as steam consumption is big, energy consumption is big, of high cost can be effectively relieved existing for existing high-tower granulation technique in the technique for exempting from melting for no steam.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of composite fertilizer, in particular to a kind of side of producing compound fertilizer by high tower granulating
Method, system and compound fertilizer.
Background technology
In recent years, with the popularization and application of high-tower granulation technology so that composite heat transfer jump steps on a new stage.Using
The compound fertilizer of high-tower granulation technology production, with nutrient is uniform, fertilizer efficiency is high, good water solubility and applied widely and performance are excellent
More the features such as, has and is more widely applied foreground.
Typically compound fertilizer production by tower granulation technique includes mainly：(1) Norway's spray tower prilling.Spray tower
Prilling is the exploitation of the NorsKHydro companies end of the sixties in last century, and the melt granulation techniques proposed earliest in the world,
And it is directly to be with molten urea solution (or being connect with urea production line) and melt monoammonium phosphate, powdery potassium chloride than more typical
The compound fertilizer production technology of matrix.It is by w[(NH2)2CO]For 99% molten urea solution and phosphoric acid one is made by tubular reactor
Ammonium melt is got to the mixer at the top of granulation tower with pump respectively, and is mixed together with the potassium chloride fine powder by preheating, then through one
The rotating porous nozzle of scraper is arranged at kind of bottom, is sprayed into tower with sectorial coverage, during declining by dead weight, the gas that is raised
Stream cooling and solidifying, collects to obtain composite fertilizer in bottom of tower.(2) the nitro-compound fertilizer technique of state-run mining company of Holland.With ammonia and nitre
Acid pressurization neutralizes production ammonium nitrate, by w (NH in cold boiler4NO3) be 72% ammonium nitrate solution be concentrated to 92%~
94%, then with w (P2O5) mixed for 50% phosphoric acid by wet process, mixture is neutralized with ammonia to n (N)/n (P) ≈ 1, then true at one
It is concentrated in empty evaporator, forms 175 DEG C of fusant, water content about 0.5% is used in combination in the fusant being pumped at the top of granulation tower
Between slot, mixed in Special Mixed machine with the powdered potassium chloride of preheating, mixture is directly added into rotary nozzle and is granulated.It should
Technological requirement potassium chloride fineness is less than 0.5mm, and 140~160 DEG C of preheating temperature, incorporation time must be very short.(3) Shanghai chemical industry is ground
Study carefully the high-tower granulation technique of institute's research and development.The molten urea solution of 135~145 DEG C of temperature and particle be heated to 100 less than 0.5mm by it~
125 DEG C of remaining raw material mixing, 115~135 DEG C of mixing temperature, and incorporation time is kept to be less than 4min.Utilize the low of complex salt
Eutectic point forms the NPK eutectics of good fluidity, then is sprayed into granulation tower through nozzle, cools and solidifies into particle in air.
However, there is also following defects for existing producing compound fertilizer by high tower granulating technique：Either all raw materials are mixed
After conjunction heat melting, still first by urea melting be urine, then again with other melting or high-temperature material mix, be required for making object
Material melting is required for heating equipment or needs to consume a large amount of steam, steam coal consumption is high, high energy consumption, and production cost is high；Separately
Outside, it is also easy to generate biuret at a higher temperature, complex fertilizer product quality cannot be guaranteed.
In consideration of it, special propose the present invention.
Invention content
The first object of the present invention be to provide it is a kind of it is simple for process, easy to implement, energy consumption and production can be greatly reduced
The method of cost, the producing compound fertilizer by high tower granulating for exempting to melt without steam, to which existing high-tower granulation technique be effectively relieved
Existing steam consumption is big, energy consumption is big, it is of high cost the problems such as.
The second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method for realizing above-mentioned producing compound fertilizer by high tower granulating
Processing system can avoid the use of steam or heating system, effectively reduce energy consumption and production costs, and equipment is simple, and operation is steady
It is fixed reliable.
The third object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method preparation using the producing compound fertilizer by high tower granulating
Obtained compound fertilizer, Biuret Content is low, and nutrient is uniform, at low cost, and quality is high.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：
According to an aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a kind of method of producing compound fertilizer by high tower granulating, including with
Lower step：
Sulfuric acid and urea are reacted, sulfuric acid urea solution is generated；
Sulfuric acid urea solution is mixed with ammonia source, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer, forms the suspended slurries of NPK of homogeneous state；
The suspended slurries of NPK are sprayed by the prilling spry in high tower, complete to be granulated in tower.
As further preferred technical solution, the suspended slurries of NPK enter before high tower, further include the steps that emulsification,
The suspended slurries of NPK after Over emulsfication enter back into high tower, are sprayed by the prilling spry in high tower.
As further preferred technical solution, the molar ratio of sulfuric acid and urea is 1：0.5~4.0, preferably 1：2.8~
3.8, further preferably 1：3.4~3.6；
And/or the reaction temperature of sulfuric acid and urea is 98~118 DEG C, preferably 100~115 DEG C.
As further preferred technical solution, the ammonia source includes at least one of gas ammonia, liquefied ammonia and ammonium hydroxide, preferably
Gas ammonia；
And/or the phosphate fertilizer includes ammonium phosphate and/or monoammonium phosphate；
And/or the potash fertilizer includes potassium chloride and/or potassium sulfate.
As further preferred technical solution, the mixing temperature in sulfuric acid urea solution and ammonia source, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer is 102~
118 DEG C, preferably 105~115 DEG C；
And/or the pH value of the suspended slurries of NPK is≤7, preferably 5~7.
As further preferred technical solution, the prilling spry is granulated using rotary and centrifugal discharge method；
And/or the size in the hole of prilling spry is 1~5mm, preferably 2~4mm；
And/or the granularity of the particle of obtained compound fertilizer is 2~4mm.
As further preferred technical solution, from after prilling spry sprinkling, free-falling rises the suspended slurries of NPK in tower
Air-flow realizes natural heat-exchange, is solidified into graininess, temperature is cooled to 65 DEG C of granule materials < under tower, goes out high tower；
And/or the material gone out after high tower enters cooling in cooler, is cooled to 40 DEG C of temperature of charge <, obtains composite fertilizer
Material.
According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a kind of system of producing compound fertilizer by high tower granulating, including
Ureasulfuric acid reactive tank, NPK slurries mixing channel and the high tower being sequentially connected；
The ureasulfuric acid reactive tank is equipped with urea and is sent into mouth and sulfuric acid feeding mouth；It is arranged on the NPK slurries mixing channel
There is phosphate fertilizer to be sent into mouth and potash fertilizer feeding mouth；
It is set in the connecting pipeline of the ureasulfuric acid reactive tank and NPK slurry mixing channels and/or on the NPK slurries mixing channel
It is equipped with ammonia source and is sent into mouth；
It is provided with prilling spry in the high tower.
As further preferred technical solution, mulser is additionally provided between the NPK slurries mixing channel and high tower；
Preferably, the prilling spry is granulated using rotary and centrifugal discharge method；The size in the hole of prilling spry is preferred
For 2~4mm；
Preferably, ureasulfuric acid and ammonia source are provided in the connecting pipeline of the ureasulfuric acid reactive tank and NPK slurry mixing channels
Mixer；And/or it is provided with delivery pump in the connecting pipeline of the ureasulfuric acid reactive tank and NPK slurry mixing channels；
Preferably, further include blower device and cooler, the blower device and cooler respectively with the bottom of tower phase of high tower
Even.
According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a kind of using above-described compound fertilizer production by tower granulation
The compound fertilizer that the method for material is prepared.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are：
The method of producing compound fertilizer by high tower granulating provided by the invention passes through sulfuric acid and urine using the characteristic of ureasulfuric acid
Ureasulfuric acid is prepared in the exothermic reaction of element, is not necessarily to heating equipment, is avoided steam fusing urea；Further, in sulfuric acid urea solution
It is passed through ammonia source, react and generates a large amount of reaction heat, can be used for improving the material of the subsequent solids raw material such as phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer
Temperature avoids the heating for subsequent solid raw material.Thus the tower granulation method of the present invention exempts from the method for melting for no steam,
Technological process is simple, easy to implement, is conveniently operated, and significantly reduces combustion power consumption, and energy consumption is low, and production cost is low, and
The generation of biuret can be reduced, good product quality, stability is high, is conducive to promote and apply.
The system of the method for realizing the producing compound fertilizer by high tower granulating of the present invention, can save a large amount of steaming
Vapour consumes, and effectively reduces energy consumption and production cost, equipment is simple, need not add large-scale and complex equipment, equipment investment
Low, the biuret amount of stable and reliable operation, generation is extremely low, and complex fertilizer product quality can be guaranteed.Also, the present invention is more easy to
It realizes that serialization is automatically brought into operation, there is higher operating flexibility, be easy to control.
Description of the drawings
It, below will be to specific in order to illustrate more clearly of the specific embodiment of the invention or technical solution in the prior art
Embodiment or attached drawing needed to be used in the description of the prior art are briefly described, it should be apparent that, in being described below
Attached drawing is some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, before not making the creative labor
It puts, other drawings may also be obtained based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is the system structure diagram for the producing compound fertilizer by high tower granulating that one embodiment of the present invention provides；
Fig. 2 is the method flow schematic diagram for the producing compound fertilizer by high tower granulating that one embodiment of the present invention provides；
Fig. 3 is the method flow schematic diagram for the producing compound fertilizer by high tower granulating in the prior art that comparative example 1 provides；
Fig. 4 is the method schematic diagram in the prior art that compound fertilizer is produced using comminutor that comparative example 2 provides.
Icon：1- ureasulfuric acid reactive tanks；101- urea is sent into mouth；102- sulfuric acid is sent into mouth；2-NPK slurries mix
Slot；201- phosphate fertilizer is sent into mouth；202- potash fertilizer is sent into mouth；Mouth is sent into 203- ammonia source；3- mulsers；4- high towers；401- makes
Grain nozzle；5- blower devices；6- coolers；7- delivery pumps.
Specific implementation mode
Embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments and examples, but this field skill
Art personnel will be understood that following embodiments and embodiment are merely to illustrate the present invention, and be not construed as the model of the limitation present invention
It encloses.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts
Every other embodiment, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.The person that is not specified actual conditions, builds according to normal condition or manufacturer
The condition of view carries out.Reagents or instruments used without specified manufacturer is the conventional production that can be obtained by commercially available purchase
Product.
In a first aspect, a kind of method of producing compound fertilizer by high tower granulating is provided at least one embodiment, including with
Lower step：
Sulfuric acid and urea are reacted, sulfuric acid urea solution is generated；
Sulfuric acid urea solution is mixed with ammonia source, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer, forms the suspended slurries of NPK of homogeneous state；
The suspended slurries of NPK are sprayed by the prilling spry in high tower, complete to be granulated in tower.
Existing high-tower granulation technique, when melting charge slurry is made in raw material, some are to heat to melt after mixing all raw materials
Melt, needs the temperature heated high in this way, energy consumption is big, is also easy to produce harmful substance；Some be first by urea melting be urine after, then add
Enter potash fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer etc. through heating, such material temperature is high, and the steam energy consumption of consumption increases, and it is big that intensity is mixed.In addition, urea
Biuret is easy tod produce during melting and being made mixed melting slurry, is generated to the harmful impurity of crop growth；Due to
Mixed melting slurry temperature is higher, and urea easy tos produce chemical reaction with phosphorus ammonium, generates ammonium polyphosphate, leads to phosphoric acid drastically
Rise, foam increases, and phosphoric acid is big, and viscosity is not easy to control, not only can not smooth flow in early pipeline, it is easier to block spray
The complex fertilizer product quality of head, production cannot be guaranteed.In consideration of it, the present invention is directed to current compound fertilizer production by tower granulation work
Defect existing for skill, provide a kind of no steam, the compound fertilizer production by tower granulation for exempting from melting method.
The method of the present invention is prepared ureasulfuric acid by the exothermic reaction of sulfuric acid and urea, is not necessarily to using the characteristic of ureasulfuric acid
Heating equipment need not also form ureasulfuric acid crystal, avoid steam fusing urea；Further, it is passed through in sulfuric acid urea solution
Ammonia source reacts and generates a large amount of reaction heat, can be used for improving the material temperature of the subsequent solids raw material such as phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, keep away
The heating for subsequent solid raw material is exempted from.Moreover, the material that the present invention uses is anhydrous full liquid, granulating rate is high, is not necessarily to
Drying process.Thus the tower granulation method of the present invention exempts from the method for melting for no steam, and is not necessarily to drying process, technological process
Simply, easy to implement, it is conveniently operated, significantly reduces combustion power consumption, energy consumption is low, and production cost is low, and can reduce
The generation of biuret, good product quality, stability is high, is conducive to promote and apply.
Meanwhile the urea-based compound fertilizer produced using high-tower granulation technology, with nutrient, uniform, good water solubility, quality are steady
Fixed, applied widely, fertilizer dissolves the advantages that release is moderate, and utilization rate of fertilizer is high, and performance is much better than other kind chemical fertilizer, has
More it is widely applied foreground.
In a preferred embodiment, the suspended slurries of the NPK enter before high tower, further include the steps that emulsification,
The suspended slurries of NPK after Over emulsfication enter back into high tower, are sprayed by the prilling spry in high tower.
By emulsifying the suspended slurries of NPK, the mobility of slurry can be enhanced, while can prevent prilling spry from blocking.
In a preferred embodiment, the molar ratio of sulfuric acid and urea is 1：0.5~4.0, preferably 1：2.5~
3.8, further preferably 1：3.0~3.6；Typical but unrestricted, the molar ratio of sulfuric acid and urea such as can be 1：0.5,
1：0.8,1：1,1：1.5,1：2,1：2.5,1：2.8,1：3,1：3.2,1：3.4,1：3.5,1：3.6,1：3.8 or 1：4；
And/or the reaction temperature of sulfuric acid and urea is 98~118 DEG C, preferably 100~115 DEG C；It is typical but unrestricted
, reaction temperature for example can be 98 DEG C, 100 DEG C, 102 DEG C, 105 DEG C, 108 DEG C, 110 DEG C, 112 DEG C, 115 DEG C, 116 DEG C or
118℃；
Optionally, the reaction time of sulfuric acid and urea is 2~120min, preferably 3~30min.It should be noted that this
Invention is not particularly limited the reaction time of sulfuric acid and urea, and the time effects of the reaction are smaller, which is that heat release is anti-
It answers, mainly the high-temperature digestion of urea.
The sulfuric acid of the present invention preferably uses the concentrated sulfuric acid.
The present invention utilizes ureasulfuric acid characteristic, and sulfuric acid is mixed with urea by certain mol proportion, formation ureasulfuric acid, can be with
Steam fusing urea is avoided, and ureasulfuric acid crystal need not be formed.In practical application, can according to different formulations it needs to be determined that
The ratio of sulfuric acid and urea, molar ratio are preferably controlled in 1：0.5~3.6, most there is selected control system 1：3.6.Wherein sulfuric acid is main
Filler is served as, reaction is provided for adjusting, controlling compound fertilizer nutrient while being mixed into the raw materials such as monoammonium phosphate and potassium sulfate for the later stage
Heat.In addition, the molar ratio of different sulfuric acid and urea can also react the product for generating different structure and characteristic, when sulfuric acid and urea
Molar ratio be 1：When 3.6, the product of formation is sufficiently stable, has lower crystallization temperature, while generating the reaction of ureasulfuric acid
It is easier to control.
Ureasulfuric acid reactive tank is added by required molar ratio in sulfuric acid and urea simultaneously, and reaction temperature is preferably controlled in 100~
115 DEG C, this link, which is exothermic reaction, to be heated, and ureasulfuric acid crystal need not be formed, direct according to the ratio through measuring after mixing
NPK slurry mixing channels are added.
In a preferred embodiment, the ammonia source includes but not limited at least one in gas ammonia, liquefied ammonia and ammonium hydroxide
Kind, preferably gas ammonia；
And/or the phosphate fertilizer includes but not limited to ammonium phosphate and/or monoammonium phosphate；
And/or the potash fertilizer includes but not limited to potassium chloride and/or potassium sulfate.
It should be noted that the present invention does not have the raw materials such as ammonia source, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer special limitation, using this field
Each raw material known to technical staff；In addition, according to the needs of formula, others can also be added in the mixed process
Raw material such as filler etc..
Preferably, the ammonia source is preferably using synthesis ammonia, and the phosphate fertilizer is preferably using monoammonium phosphate, the potassium
Fertilizer is preferably using potassium sulfate.Above-mentioned raw materials source is wide, and apparent availability is big, and product stability is good, can effectively reduce cost.
Synthesis ammonia is passed through in sulfuric acid urea solution, the sulfuric acid being used in neutralisation of sulphuric acid urea forms the urea of melting, sulphur ammonium melts
Melt liquid.And sulfuric acid generates a large amount of reaction heat with ammonia synthesis reaction, can be used to improve the subsequent solids such as monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate
The material temperature of raw material avoids the heating of the raw materials such as monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate.
In a preferred embodiment, the mixing temperature in sulfuric acid urea solution and ammonia source, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer be 102~
118 DEG C, preferably 105~115 DEG C；It is typical but unrestricted, mixing temperature for example can be 102 DEG C, 105 DEG C, 106 DEG C, 108
DEG C, 110 DEG C, 112 DEG C, 115 DEG C, 116 DEG C or 118 DEG C；
And/or the pH value of the suspended slurries of NPK is≤7, preferably 5~7；Typical but unrestricted, the pH value of slurry is for example
Can be 4.5,5,5.5,6,6.5 or 7.
Optionally, the incorporation time in sulfuric acid urea solution and ammonia source, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer is 3~90min, preferably 4~
40min.It should be noted that the present invention is not particularly limited incorporation time, as long as in suitable time range, stirring
Intensity is higher so that acid-base neutralization reaction is thorough.
Optionally, ammonia source can be passed through in NPK slurry mixing channels, can also be mixed in ureasulfuric acid reactive tank and NPK slurries
It is passed through between conjunction slot.
It should be noted that the present invention does not do the adding proportion of the raw materials such as sulfuric acid urea solution, ammonia source, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer
It is specifically limited, suitable allotment can be carried out according to producer or user for the demand of different fertilizer kind.
As needed, the ureasulfuric acid slurry of different mol ratio and synthesis ammonia, monoammonium phosphate, the raw materials such as potassium sulfate, according to
The difference of side determines respective additional proportion, and control mixing or reaction temperature are extremely closed in suitable range in the mixed process
Important, temperature is preferably controlled between 105~115 DEG C.Sulfuric acid and conjunction of the reaction heat of the process in ureasulfuric acid
Ammonification generates ammonium sulfate heat release, and small part heat release comes from monoammonium phosphate and generates reacting for monoammonium phosphate with ammonia is synthesized.Reaction
The solid materials such as monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate are promoted to 105~115 DEG C by heat by room temperature.Because without by monoammonium phosphate and sulphur
The solid materials such as sour potassium form the NPK solution of melting, but form the suspension of homogeneous state (uniform state).The suspended slurries of its NPK
PH value preferably between 5~7.
In a preferred embodiment, the prilling spry is granulated using rotary and centrifugal discharge method；
And/or the size in the hole of prilling spry is 1~5mm, preferably 2~4mm；
And/or the granularity of the particle of obtained compound fertilizer is 2~4mm.
Preferably, prilling spry is adjustable differential two-speed rotary prilling sprayer.
In a preferred embodiment, from after prilling spry sprinkling, free-falling rises the suspended slurries of NPK in tower
Air-flow realizes natural heat-exchange, is solidified into graininess, temperature is cooled to 65 DEG C of granule materials < under tower, goes out high tower；
And/or the material gone out after high tower enters cooling in cooler, is cooled to 40 DEG C of temperature of charge <, obtains composite fertilizer
Material.Preferably, the cooler is preferably rotary drum cooler.
It is understood that the temperature that the present invention cools down material is not particularly limited, according to commonly used in the art
Mode of operation and condition are operated.In general, slurry from nozzle sprinkling after, free-falling and blasted from bottom of tower from
Right wind realizes that natural heat-exchange, temperature are cooled to 40~65 DEG C, are solidified into graininess, then go out high tower, into cooler into one
Step be cooled to less than 40 DEG C or to room temperature is sufficient.
Preferably, moisture is introduced in preparation process not into system to be granulated to bond；The slurry good fluidity of the present invention, at
Grain rate is high, is not necessarily to drying process.
Preferably, the tower height of high tower is 30~150m, and tower diameter is 6~30m.
It should be noted that the present invention is not particularly limited the concrete structure size of high tower, nozzle etc., can be used
The nozzle and high tower for stating structure and size, also can be used other kinds of nozzle and high tower.
Preferably, in the present invention, after emulsification, the centrifugal force generated by prilling spry rotation will expect the suspended slurries of NPK
Slurry forms the droplet of 2~4mm, for droplet during freely falling body, crystallization and freezing is at mellow and full by the aperture of 2~4mm
Solid granule.Subsequent technique can be identical as existing high tower process, and the present invention is not described in detail herein.
In a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, it the described method comprises the following steps：
(a) sulfuric acid and urea are reacted, generates sulfuric acid urea solution；The molar ratio of sulfuric acid and urea is preferably 1：3.4
~3.6；The reaction temperature of sulfuric acid and urea is preferably 100~115 DEG C；
(b) sulfuric acid urea solution is mixed with ammonia source, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer, forms the suspended slurries of NPK of homogeneous state；Mixing temperature is excellent
It is selected as 105~115 DEG C；The pH value of the suspended slurries of NPK is preferably 5~7；
(c) the suspended slurries of NPK are emulsified using emulsifier；
(d) the suspended slurries of NPK after emulsifying enter the prilling spry in high tower, the centrifugation generated by prilling spry rotation
Slurry by the aperture of 2~4mm, is formed the droplet of 2~4mm by power, droplet during freely falling body, crystallisation solidification at
Granularity is the solid composite fertilizer material of 2~4mm.
The material gone out after high tower, which enters in cooler, further to be cooled down, and is then packed, you can obtain finished product.
Second aspect, provides a kind of system of producing compound fertilizer by high tower granulating at least one embodiment, including according to
Secondary connected ureasulfuric acid reactive tank, NPK slurries mixing channel and high tower；
The ureasulfuric acid reactive tank is equipped with urea and is sent into mouth and sulfuric acid feeding mouth；It is arranged on the NPK slurries mixing channel
There is phosphate fertilizer to be sent into mouth and potash fertilizer feeding mouth；
It is set in the connecting pipeline of the ureasulfuric acid reactive tank and NPK slurry mixing channels and/or on the NPK slurries mixing channel
It is equipped with ammonia source and is sent into mouth；
It is provided with prilling spry in the high tower.
The system of the producing compound fertilizer by high tower granulating of the present invention can be used for realizing above-mentioned compound fertilizer production by tower granulation
The method of material, thus at least with above method advantage having the same.
The system of the method for realizing the producing compound fertilizer by high tower granulating of the present invention, can save a large amount of steaming
Vapour consumes, and effectively reduces energy consumption and production cost, equipment is simple, need not add large-scale and complex equipment, equipment investment
Low, the biuret amount of stable and reliable operation, generation is extremely low, and complex fertilizer product quality can be guaranteed.Also, the present invention is more easy to
It realizes that serialization is automatically brought into operation, there is higher operating flexibility, be easy to control.
In a preferred embodiment, it is additionally provided with mulser between the NPK slurries mixing channel and high tower.It is described
Emulsifier existing equipment commonly used in the art may be used.
Preferably, the prilling spry is granulated using rotary and centrifugal discharge method；The size in the hole of prilling spry is preferred
For 2~4mm；Prilling spry is preferably adjustable differential two-speed rotary prilling sprayer.
Preferably, ureasulfuric acid and ammonia source are provided in the connecting pipeline of the ureasulfuric acid reactive tank and NPK slurry mixing channels
Mixer；And/or it is provided with delivery pump in the connecting pipeline of the ureasulfuric acid reactive tank and NPK slurry mixing channels.It is appreciated that
, the ammonia source in the present invention can be passed through on NPK slurry mixing channels, can also be mixed in ureasulfuric acid reactive tank and NPK slurries
It is passed through between conjunction slot, ureasulfuric acid and ammonia source mixer is set in the connecting pipeline of the two, ammonia source is being passed through into the mixer,
Then it introduces a reactant into again in NPK slurry mixing channels.
Preferably, further include blower device and cooler, the blower device and cooler respectively with the bottom of tower phase of high tower
Even.Existing equipment can be used in the blower device and cooler.
The third aspect provides a kind of using above-described producing compound fertilizer by high tower granulating at least one embodiment
The compound fertilizer that is prepared of method.
With reference to specific embodiment, comparative example and attached drawing, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
Fig. 1 shows the system structure signal for the producing compound fertilizer by high tower granulating that one embodiment of the present invention provides
Figure, as shown in Figure 1, a kind of system of producing compound fertilizer by high tower granulating, including the ureasulfuric acid reactive tank, the NPK that are sequentially connected expect
Starch mixing channel, mulser and high tower；
It is equipped with urea on ureasulfuric acid reactive tank and is sent into mouth and sulfuric acid feeding mouth；It is provided with phosphorus on NPK slurry mixing channels
Fertilizer is sent into mouth and potash fertilizer is sent into mouth；
It is provided with ammonia in the connecting pipeline of ureasulfuric acid reactive tank and NPK slurry mixing channels and/or on NPK slurry mixing channels
Mouth is sent into source；
Prilling spry is provided in high tower；Prilling spry is granulated using rotary and centrifugal discharge method；
It is provided with delivery pump in the connecting pipeline of ureasulfuric acid reactive tank and NPK slurry mixing channels；
The bottom of tower of high tower is connected with blower device and cooler respectively.
Embodiment 2
Fig. 2 shows the method flow signal for the producing compound fertilizer by high tower granulating that one embodiment of the present invention provides
Figure；As shown in Fig. 2, a kind of method of producing compound fertilizer by high tower granulating, includes the following steps：
(a) sulfuric acid and urea are reacted, generates sulfuric acid urea solution；The molar ratio of sulfuric acid and urea is 1：3.6；Sulfuric acid
Reaction temperature with urea is 115 DEG C；
(b) sulfuric acid urea solution is mixed with synthesis ammonia, monoammonium phosphate and potassium sulfate, forms the suspended slurries of NPK of homogeneous state；It is mixed
It is 105 DEG C to close temperature；The pH value 5~5.5 of the suspended slurries of NPK；
(c) the suspended slurries of NPK are emulsified using emulsifier；
(d) the suspended slurries of NPK after emulsifying enter the prilling spry in high tower, the centrifugation generated by prilling spry rotation
Slurry by the aperture of 2~4mm, is formed the droplet of 2~4mm by power, and droplet free-falling is realized with ascending air in tower
Natural heat-exchange is solidified into the granular high tower urea-based compound fertilizer material of 2~4mm.
Fertilizer product analysis result：Compound fertilizer obtained by the present embodiment is 15%, P containing N2O5For 15%, K2O is
15%, fertilizer moisture content is 0.4%, and Biuret Content is < 0.5%, intensity 45N, granulating rate 90%.
Embodiment 3
A kind of method of producing compound fertilizer by high tower granulating, includes the following steps：
(a) sulfuric acid and urea are reacted, generates sulfuric acid urea solution；The molar ratio of sulfuric acid and urea is 1：3.8；Sulfuric acid
Reaction temperature with urea is 117 DEG C；
(b) sulfuric acid urea solution is mixed with synthesis ammonia, monoammonium phosphate and potassium sulfate, forms the suspended slurries of NPK of homogeneous state；It is mixed
It is 115 DEG C to close temperature；The pH value of the suspended slurries of NPK is 5.5~6.5；
(c) the suspended slurries of NPK are emulsified using emulsifier；
(d) the suspended slurries of NPK after emulsifying enter the prilling spry in high tower, the centrifugation generated by prilling spry rotation
Slurry by the aperture of 1~4mm, is formed the droplet of 1~4mm by power, and droplet free-falling is realized with ascending air in tower
Natural heat-exchange is solidified into the granular high tower urea-based compound fertilizer material of 1~4mm.
Fertilizer product analysis result：Compound fertilizer obtained by the present embodiment is 30%, P containing N2O5For 10%, K2O is
10%, fertilizer moisture content is 0.5%, Biuret Content 0.6%, intensity 45N, granulating rate 92%.
Embodiment 4
A kind of method of producing compound fertilizer by high tower granulating, includes the following steps：
(a) sulfuric acid and urea are reacted, generates sulfuric acid urea solution；The molar ratio of sulfuric acid and urea is 1：3.0；Sulfuric acid
Reaction temperature with urea is 110 DEG C；
(b) sulfuric acid urea solution is mixed with gas ammonia, ammonium phosphate and potassium chloride, forms the suspended slurries of NPK of homogeneous state；Mixing temperature
Degree is 110 DEG C；The pH value of the suspended slurries of NPK is 6~7；
(c) the suspended slurries of NPK are emulsified using emulsifier；
(d) the suspended slurries of NPK after emulsifying enter the prilling spry in high tower, the centrifugation generated by prilling spry rotation
Slurry by the aperture of 2~4mm, is formed the droplet of 2~4mm by power, and droplet free-falling is realized with ascending air in tower
Natural heat-exchange is solidified into the granular high tower urea-based compound fertilizer material of 2~4mm.
Fertilizer product analysis result：Compound fertilizer obtained by the present embodiment is 20%, P containing N2O5For 5%, K2O is
25%, fertilizer moisture content is 0.5%, Biuret Content 0.4%, intensity 40N, granulating rate 91%.
Embodiment 5
A kind of method of producing compound fertilizer by high tower granulating, includes the following steps：
(a) sulfuric acid and urea are reacted, generates sulfuric acid urea solution；The molar ratio of sulfuric acid and urea is 1：2.0；Sulfuric acid
Reaction temperature with urea is 100 DEG C；
(b) sulfuric acid urea solution is mixed with gas ammonia, monoammonium phosphate and potassium chloride, forms the suspended slurries of NPK of homogeneous state；Mixing
Temperature is 102 DEG C；The pH value of the suspended slurries of NPK is 6~7；
(c) the suspended slurries of NPK are emulsified using emulsifier；
(d) the suspended slurries of NPK after emulsifying enter the prilling spry in high tower, the centrifugation generated by prilling spry rotation
Slurry by the aperture of 1~5mm, is formed the droplet of 1~5mm by power, and droplet free-falling is realized with ascending air in tower
Natural heat-exchange is solidified into the granular high tower urea-based compound fertilizer material of 1~5mm.
Fertilizer product analysis result：Compound fertilizer obtained by the present embodiment is 10%, P containing N2O5For 20%, K2O is
15%, fertilizer moisture content is 0.4%, Biuret Content 0.42%, intensity 42N, granulating rate 91%.
In above-described embodiment, each analysis project of compound fertilizer and analysis method are according to national compound mixing fertilizer quality standard
GB15063-2001.The detection of biuret uses atomic absorption method in complex fertilizer.
Comparative example 1
Fig. 3 shows the method flow signal for the producing compound fertilizer by high tower granulating in the prior art that comparative example 1 provides
Figure；As shown in figure 3, a kind of method of producing compound fertilizer by high tower granulating, includes the following steps：
First Urea is melted, urea melting liquid is formed, during which needs to consume a large amount of steam；
Then the raw materials such as pre-warmed phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer are mixed again with urea melting liquid, it is a large amount of is during which also required to consumption
Steam；
It is granulated again by high tower nozzle, is cooling, packaging, compound fertilizer is made.
It can be seen that existing high-tower granulation technique needs to consume a large amount of steam, steam coal consumption is high, high energy consumption, raw
Produce it is of high cost, and this method production product in Biuret Content be 0.8%~1%, complex fertilizer product quality cannot obtain
To guarantee, product in use, is easy to burn out crop seed and root.
Comparative example 2
Fig. 4 shows the method schematic diagram in the prior art that compound fertilizer is produced using comminutor that comparative example 2 provides,
As shown in figure 4, a kind of method producing compound fertilizer using comminutor, includes the following steps：
Sulfuric acid and urea are put into after proportioning in reactor and reacted, ureasulfuric acid is generated；
Sulfuric acid urea solution is configured to the sulfuric acid urea solution that water content is about 15%~50% with cleaning solution；
Sulfuric acid urea solution is reacted with synthesis ammonia and optional steam in reactor, subsequently into comminutor, meanwhile,
Phosphorous, potassium fertilizer is sent into comminutor after proportioning, mixing and breaking up, is granulated in comminutor；
The material being discharged from comminutor obtains compound fertilizer product after drying, cooling and screening.
The existing this method for producing compound fertilizer using comminutor is primarily present following defect：(1) its granulation is logical
The rotation for crossing comminutor is rolled after so that the granular materials such as phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer is mixed with the mixed material of ureasulfuric acid, synthesis ammonia and cleaning solution
Dynamic granulating, granulating rate are low；(2) mobility for the slurry that cleaning solution is kept in reactor is must be added to, reaction efficiency is extremely low, is granulated
Necessary ammonification in machine, cleaning solution system loading is big, or even will appear water imbalance；(3) due to must be added to cleaning solution, product water
Content is high, needs to increase drying system.In addition, the composite fertilizer of traditional prilling process production, due to belonging to letter in granulation process
Single physical adhesion, structure is more open, and fertilizer dissolves release comparatively fast, and fertilizer efficiency, which is decomposed, to be lost in soon, and utilization rate of fertilizer is relatively low, energy consumption
Consumption is also bigger.
And the method for producing compound fertilizer by high tower granulating using the present invention, not only without steam, exempt to melt, be not necessarily to back tender
Sequence, can alleviate be granulated material moisture it is high, high, the dry institute's calorific requirement of drying system load is more, it is high to dry coal consumption
Problem；The problem for needing a large amount of steam, steam coal consumption high in granulation process can also be alleviated；It can also alleviate and comminutor object
Expect that granulating rate is low, the problem that system returning charge is more, machine utilization is big, power consumption is high；Can also alleviate in product Biuret Content compared with
The problems such as height, product quality cannot be guaranteed.
Finally it should be noted that：The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention., rather than its limitations；To the greatest extent
Present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments for pipe, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that：Its according to
So can with technical scheme described in the above embodiments is modified, either to which part or all technical features into
Row equivalent replacement；And these modifications or replacements, various embodiments of the present invention technology that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution
The range of scheme.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method of producing compound fertilizer by high tower granulating, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
Sulfuric acid and urea are reacted, sulfuric acid urea solution is generated；
Sulfuric acid urea solution is mixed with ammonia source, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer, forms the suspended slurries of NPK of homogeneous state；
The suspended slurries of NPK are sprayed by the prilling spry in high tower, complete to be granulated in tower.
2. the method for producing compound fertilizer by high tower granulating according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the suspended material of NPK
Slurry enters before high tower, further includes the steps that emulsification, and the suspended slurries of NPK after Over emulsfication enter back into high tower, pass through high tower
Interior prilling spry sprinkling.
3. the method for producing compound fertilizer by high tower granulating according to claim 1, which is characterized in that sulfuric acid and urea rub
You are than being 1：0.5~4.0, preferably 1：2.8~3.8, further preferably 1：3.4~3.6；
And/or the reaction temperature of sulfuric acid and urea is 98~118 DEG C, preferably 100~115 DEG C.
4. the method for producing compound fertilizer by high tower granulating according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the ammonia source includes gas
At least one of ammonia, liquefied ammonia and ammonium hydroxide, preferably gas ammonia；
And/or the phosphate fertilizer includes ammonium phosphate and/or monoammonium phosphate；
And/or the potash fertilizer includes potassium chloride and/or potassium sulfate.
5. the method for producing compound fertilizer by high tower granulating according to claim 1, which is characterized in that sulfuric acid urea solution and ammonia
The mixing temperature in source, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer is 102~118 DEG C, preferably 105~115 DEG C；
And/or the pH value of the suspended slurries of NPK is≤7, preferably 5~7.
6. the method for producing compound fertilizer by high tower granulating according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the prilling spry is adopted
It is granulated with rotary and centrifugal discharge method；
And/or the size in the hole of prilling spry is 1~5mm, preferably 2~4mm；
And/or the granularity of the particle of obtained compound fertilizer is 2~4mm.
7. according to the method for claim 1~6 any one of them producing compound fertilizer by high tower granulating, which is characterized in that NPK is outstanding
For turbid slurry from after prilling spry sprinkling, free-falling realizes natural heat-exchange with ascending air in tower, is solidified into graininess, temperature is cold
But to 65 DEG C of granule materials < under tower, go out high tower；
And/or the material gone out after high tower enters cooling in cooler, is cooled to 40 DEG C of temperature of charge <, obtains compound fertilizer.
8. a kind of system of producing compound fertilizer by high tower granulating, which is characterized in that including be sequentially connected ureasulfuric acid reactive tank,
NPK slurries mixing channel and high tower；
The ureasulfuric acid reactive tank is equipped with urea and is sent into mouth and sulfuric acid feeding mouth；It is provided with phosphorus on the NPK slurries mixing channel
Fertilizer is sent into mouth and potash fertilizer is sent into mouth；
It is provided in the connecting pipeline of the ureasulfuric acid reactive tank and NPK slurry mixing channels and/or on the NPK slurries mixing channel
Mouth is sent into ammonia source；
It is provided with prilling spry in the high tower.
9. the system of producing compound fertilizer by high tower granulating according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the NPK slurries are mixed
It closes and is additionally provided with mulser between slot and high tower；
Preferably, the prilling spry is granulated using rotary and centrifugal discharge method；The hole of prilling spry is preferably dimensioned to be 2~
4mm；
Preferably, ureasulfuric acid is provided in the connecting pipeline of the ureasulfuric acid reactive tank and NPK slurry mixing channels to mix with ammonia source
Device；And/or it is provided with delivery pump in the connecting pipeline of the ureasulfuric acid reactive tank and NPK slurry mixing channels；
Preferably, further include blower device and cooler, the blower device and cooler are connected with the bottom of tower of high tower respectively.
10. the composite fertilizer being prepared using the method for claim 1~7 any one of them producing compound fertilizer by high tower granulating
Material.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109320322A (en) * | 2018-11-08 | 2019-02-12 | 白银丰宝农化科技有限公司 | A kind of attapulgite modified urea ammonium nitrogenous fertilizer |
| CN111871240A (en) * | 2020-08-07 | 2020-11-03 | 黑龙江沃丰肥业有限公司 | Novel rotary drum mixed acid slurry granulation method |
| CN113004078A (en) * | 2021-03-19 | 2021-06-22 | 深圳市芭田生态工程股份有限公司 | Low-tower preparation method of nitro-group full-water-soluble small-particle compound fertilizer |
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| CN102503622A (en) * | 2011-09-17 | 2012-06-20 | 山东金山化肥有限公司 | Process for producing urea sulfate ammoniated compound fertilizer |
| CN102701846A (en) * | 2012-05-28 | 2012-10-03 | 徐州市芭田生态有限公司 | Method for controlling content of biuret in compound fertilizers for melt granulation in prilling tower |
| CN103304323A (en) * | 2013-06-19 | 2013-09-18 | 中农舜天生态肥业有限公司 | Multi-element urea-based composite fertilizer and production method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102503622A (en) * | 2011-09-17 | 2012-06-20 | 山东金山化肥有限公司 | Process for producing urea sulfate ammoniated compound fertilizer |
| CN102701846A (en) * | 2012-05-28 | 2012-10-03 | 徐州市芭田生态有限公司 | Method for controlling content of biuret in compound fertilizers for melt granulation in prilling tower |
| CN103304323A (en) * | 2013-06-19 | 2013-09-18 | 中农舜天生态肥业有限公司 | Multi-element urea-based composite fertilizer and production method thereof |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109320322A (en) * | 2018-11-08 | 2019-02-12 | 白银丰宝农化科技有限公司 | A kind of attapulgite modified urea ammonium nitrogenous fertilizer |
| CN111871240A (en) * | 2020-08-07 | 2020-11-03 | 黑龙江沃丰肥业有限公司 | Novel rotary drum mixed acid slurry granulation method |
| CN113004078A (en) * | 2021-03-19 | 2021-06-22 | 深圳市芭田生态工程股份有限公司 | Low-tower preparation method of nitro-group full-water-soluble small-particle compound fertilizer |
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