CN108704645B - Copper-titanium oxide composite photocatalyst and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Copper-titanium oxide composite photocatalyst and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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CN108704645B
CN108704645B CN201810617982.7A CN201810617982A CN108704645B CN 108704645 B CN108704645 B CN 108704645B CN 201810617982 A CN201810617982 A CN 201810617982A CN 108704645 B CN108704645 B CN 108704645B
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copper
tio
titanium oxide
composite photocatalyst
oxide composite
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CN108704645A (en
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滕飞
汤茂源
顾文浩
滕怡然
杨晋宇
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Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J23/00Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
    • B01J23/70Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
    • B01J23/72Copper
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/30Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
    • B01J35/39Photocatalytic properties
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/40Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by dimensions, e.g. grain size
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/30Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
    • C02F1/32Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation with ultraviolet light
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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    • C02F2101/30Organic compounds

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Abstract

The invention discloses a copper-titanium oxide composite photocatalyst, which is prepared by adding a photocatalyst into TiO2Depositing elemental copper on the surface of the nanosheet to form Cu-TiO2A Schottky junction; the mass ratio of the deposition amount of the elemental copper to the titanium oxide is 0.1: 1; the copper-titanium oxide composite photocatalyst is integrally flaky, the side length of the flaky is 0.5-2 microns, and the thickness of the flaky is 30-100 nanometers. The invention deposits simple substance copper on TiO with {001} crystal face as main exposed face by simple in-situ reduction method2Nanosheet to obtain Cu-TiO with excellent performance2A schottky junction. With TiO2Comparison of photocatalysts, the Cu-TiO we synthesized2The Schottky junction greatly improves the photocatalytic activity, and the preparation method is simple, low in cost and good in application prospect.

Description

Copper-titanium oxide composite photocatalyst and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to a copper-titanium oxide composite photocatalyst, a simple preparation method thereof and photocatalytic activity.
Background
In the 21 st century, human beings have faced two very serious problems of energy and environment, especially the environmental problem caused by toxic and non-degradable organic pollutants (such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, polychlorinated biphenyl, pesticide, dye, etc.), which has become a significant problem affecting human survival and health. Organic pollutants can be effectively oxidized and decomposed by utilizing the characteristic that the surface of the semiconductor oxide material can be activated under the irradiation of sunlight. Compared with the traditional environment purification treatment method, the semiconductor photocatalysis technology has the advantages of mild reaction conditions, no secondary pollution and operationSimple preparation, obvious degradation effect and the like. The most studied and used photocatalyst since the development of photocatalytic technology was TiO2. However, the generated photogenerated electron-hole pairs are easy to recombine, so that electrons and holes cannot be timely transferred to the surface to participate in redox reaction, and the light conversion efficiency is low. Therefore, it is important to prepare a photocatalyst having high activity. Because copper is a nontoxic cheap metal, compounds containing toxic elements such as lead, antimony, cadmium, mercury and the like, such as CuO, Cu, are increasingly substituted for the preparation of photocatalysts in recent years2O, and the like. In recent years, TiO2The nanosheets have attracted extensive attention due to their unique platelet morphology. However, the separation efficiency of the electron-hole pairs is still not high, and therefore, the method is a very effective means for improving the separation efficiency of the electron-hole pairs by combining with a metal material capable of promoting the directional flow of electrons. In the existing report, Junhua et al reported that elemental copper is epitaxially grown on TiO2The {101} crystal face (application publication No. CN 104722300A); wang Yanfen et al reported a Cu2O/TiO2Composite photocatalytic material (application publication No. CN 106466604A). But the preparation methods are all complex.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a structural material which is simple in preparation method and improves the photocatalytic activity.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a copper-titanium oxide composite photocatalyst which is prepared by adding a photocatalyst into TiO2Depositing elemental copper on the surface of the nanosheet to form Cu-TiO2A Schottky junction; the mass ratio of the deposition amount of the simple substance copper to the titanium oxide is 0.1: 1.
the copper-titanium oxide composite photocatalyst is integrally flaky, the side length of the flaky is 0.5-2 microns, and the thickness of the flaky is 30-100 nanometers.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the copper-titanium oxide composite photocatalyst, which comprises the following specific steps:
1) adding 0.5g of 40wt% hydrofluoric acid into 30g of glacial acetic acid, and stirring for 30 minutes; 1.71g of tetratitanate were then addedButyl ester, stirring for 0.5 hour; then, transferring the mixture into a polytetrafluoroethylene lining autoclave, and carrying out hydrothermal reaction for 24 hours at the constant temperature of 180 ℃; centrifuging, washing, drying, calcining at 600 ℃ for 2 hours to obtain the flaky TiO with the {001} crystal face as the main exposed face2;
2) Adding 0.16mmol of copper sulfate pentahydrate and the flaky titanium dioxide prepared in the step (1) into 30mL of ethylene glycol, and stirring for 10 minutes;
3) adding 0.32mmol of ascorbic acid into the mixture obtained in the step (2), and stirring for 30 minutes;
4) adding the mixture prepared in the step (3) into a polytetrafluoroethylene lining autoclave, carrying out hydrothermal reaction for 2.5 hours at a constant temperature of 80 ℃, centrifuging, washing and drying to obtain Cu-TiO2
The invention also provides application of the copper-titanium oxide composite photocatalyst in photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants.
Specifically, when the photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants is carried out, the copper-titanium oxide composite photocatalyst is added into an organic pollutant wastewater solution when the photocatalytic degradation of the organic pollutants is carried out, and after the copper-titanium oxide composite photocatalyst is stirred for 30min in the dark, a xenon lamp light source is started to carry out photocatalytic reaction for 60-70min under the irradiation of ultraviolet light; wherein the concentration of the organic pollutant wastewater solution is not higher than 12.5 mg/L; the adding amount of the copper-titanium oxide composite photocatalyst is 0.05g per 200mL of organic pollutant wastewater solution.
The organic pollutant subjected to photocatalytic degradation is preferably rhodamine B.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the invention deposits simple substance copper on TiO with {001} crystal face as main exposed face by simple in-situ reduction method2Nanosheet to obtain Cu-TiO with excellent performance2A schottky junction. With TiO2Comparison of photocatalysts, the Cu-TiO we synthesized2The Schottky junction greatly improves the photocatalytic activity, and the preparation method is simple, low in cost and good in application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view ofExample one preparation of Cu-TiO2Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images of the composite photocatalyst;
FIG. 2 shows Cu-TiO prepared in example one2Composite photocatalyst, and Cu and TiO2X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern of (a);
FIG. 3 shows Cu-TiO in the second embodiment2Composite photocatalyst and TiO2And (3) an activity comparison graph of degrading the wastewater solution containing the rhodamine B (RhB) dye.
C in FIG. 30The initial concentration of RhB, C the RhB concentration measured after a period of uv irradiation, and t the time.
As can be seen from FIG. 3, Cu-TiO2The composite photocatalyst can efficiently catalyze and degrade RhB dye wastewater solution, and the activity of the composite photocatalyst is far higher than that of pure-phase TiO2The performance of the catalyst.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples.
The first embodiment is as follows:
adding 5.35g of wt40% hydrofluoric acid and 1.2g of water into 30g of glacial acetic acid in a beaker, stirring for 30 minutes, adding 1.71g of tetrabutyl titanate, stirring for 0.5 hour, transferring into a polytetrafluoroethylene lining, and carrying out hydrothermal reaction at the constant temperature of 180 ℃ for 24 hours; washing, centrifuging, drying, calcining at 600 ℃ for 2 hours to obtain the pure-phase TiO2And is in the form of sheet.
Then 0.16mmol of copper sulfate pentahydrate and 0.1g of pure phase titanium dioxide are added into 30mL of ethylene glycol in a flaky manner and stirred for 10 minutes;
then adding 0.32mmol of ascorbic acid into the solution, and stirring for 30 minutes; then, the mixture is added into a polytetrafluoroethylene lining autoclave, hydrothermal reaction is carried out for 2.5 hours at the constant temperature of 80 ℃, centrifugation, washing and drying are carried out, and Cu-TiO is obtained2
For Cu-TiO2The composite photocatalyst is analyzed, and then,
deposition amount of Cu and TiO2Is 0.1: 1.
as can be seen from FIG. 1, the Cu-TiO prepared by the invention2The composite photocatalyst is in a sheet shape,the side length of the sheet is 0.5-2 microns, and the thickness is 30-100 nanometers.
As can be seen from FIG. 2, Cu-TiO2The composite photocatalyst XRD contains Cu (standard card JCPDS: 85-1326) and TiO simultaneously2(Standard card JCPDS: 71-1166) Cu-TiO prepared in example one2A composite photocatalyst is provided.
Effect example two:
the test procedure was as follows:
Cu-TiO prepared in example one2Composite photocatalyst and pure-phase TiO2Respectively degrading waste water solution containing RhB.
Weighing Cu-TiO respectively20.05g of composite photocatalyst, pure phase TiO20.05g of the dye is respectively added into 200ml of RhB aqueous solution, wherein the concentration of the RhB is 12.5mg/L, and the mixture is stirred for 30min in a dark place, so that the dye is adsorbed/desorbed on the surface of the catalyst to be balanced. Then starting a xenon lamp light source to perform a photocatalytic reaction under the irradiation of ultraviolet light, and detecting the supernatant by using a spectrophotometer. According to the Lambert-Beer law, the concentration change of the organic matter can be quantitatively calculated according to the change of the characteristic absorption peak intensity of the organic matter. When the light-absorbing substances are the same and the thicknesses are the same, the change in the concentration of the solution can be directly expressed by the change in absorbance. Because RhB has a characteristic absorption peak at 554 nm, the change of the absorbance can be used for measuring the change of the concentration of RhB in the solution.
As shown in FIG. 3 (abscissa: UV irradiation time; ordinate: ratio of RhB concentration value measured after a period of UV irradiation to RhB initial concentration, it can be seen that Cu-TiO was present after 60min of irradiation2The composite photocatalyst degrades RhB by 95 percent and pure-phase TiO2In contrast, Cu-TiO2The composite photocatalyst has higher catalytic activity on RhB.

Claims (4)

1. A copper-titanium oxide composite photocatalyst is characterized in that: the photocatalyst is prepared by reacting on TiO2Depositing elemental copper on the surface of the nanosheet to form Cu-TiO2A Schottky junction; the mass ratio of the deposition amount of the simple substance copper to the titanium oxide is 0.1: 1; the copper-titanium oxide composite photocatalyst is integrally flaky and flakyThe side length of the shape is 0.5-2 microns, and the thickness is 30-100 nanometers; the preparation method of the photocatalyst comprises the following steps:
(1) adding 0.5g of 40wt% hydrofluoric acid into 30g of glacial acetic acid, and stirring for 30 minutes; then adding 1.71g of tetrabutyl titanate and stirring for 0.5 hour; then, transferring the mixture into a polytetrafluoroethylene lining autoclave, and carrying out hydrothermal reaction for 24 hours at the constant temperature of 180 ℃; centrifuging, washing, drying, calcining at 600 ℃ for 2 hours to obtain the flaky TiO with the {001} crystal face as the main exposed face2;
(2) Adding 0.16mmol of copper sulfate pentahydrate and the flaky titanium dioxide prepared in the step (1) into 30mL of ethylene glycol, and stirring for 10 minutes;
(3) adding 0.32mmol of ascorbic acid into the mixture obtained in the step (2), and stirring for 30 minutes;
(4) adding the mixture prepared in the step (3) into a polytetrafluoroethylene lining autoclave, carrying out hydrothermal reaction for 2.5 hours at a constant temperature of 80 ℃, centrifuging, washing and drying to obtain Cu-TiO2
2. The use of the copper-titanium oxide composite photocatalyst as defined in claim 1 for photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants.
3. Use according to claim 2, characterized in that: when the copper-titanium oxide composite photocatalyst is used for photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants, the copper-titanium oxide composite photocatalyst is added into an organic pollutant wastewater solution, stirred in the dark for 30min, and then a xenon lamp light source is started to perform photocatalytic reaction for 60-70min under the irradiation of ultraviolet light; the concentration of the organic pollutant wastewater solution is not higher than 12.5 mg/L; the adding amount of the copper-titanium oxide composite photocatalyst is 0.05g per 200mL of organic pollutant wastewater solution.
4. Use according to claim 3, characterized in that: the organic pollutant is rhodamine B.
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CN111185238B (en) * 2020-02-20 2022-07-19 辽宁大学 Copper doped ultra-thin TiO2Nanosheet-loaded cobalt oxime complex composite photocatalyst and preparation method and application thereof
CN113181912B (en) * 2021-03-26 2023-05-09 南京信息工程大学 Cu (copper) alloy 2 O-TiO 2 Composite photocatalyst, preparation method and application thereof
CN113731414A (en) * 2021-09-14 2021-12-03 镇江市高等专科学校 Cu cluster loaded TiO2Water treatment catalyst and preparation method and application thereof
CN115155605A (en) * 2022-07-23 2022-10-11 南京信息工程大学 Novel Cu 2 O/BiVO 4 Preparation method and application of composite photocatalyst

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WO2009048186A1 (en) * 2007-10-08 2009-04-16 Industrial Cooperation Foundation Chonbuk National University Tio2-capsulated metallic nanoparticles photocatalyst enable to be excited by uv or visible lights and its preparation method
CN101660203A (en) * 2009-09-09 2010-03-03 中国科学院电工研究所 Preparation method of anatase single crystal TiO2 with large active surface
CN102240546A (en) * 2011-04-22 2011-11-16 山东大学 Method for preparing titanium dioxide-supported noble metal visible light material
CN102335605A (en) * 2011-09-02 2012-02-01 中国科学院新疆理化技术研究所 Method for preparing copper-titanium dioxide core-shell nanoparticles
CN103331153A (en) * 2013-06-07 2013-10-02 南京信息工程大学 Synthesis method of high-activity TiO2 nanodisk photocatalyst
CN104722300A (en) * 2015-03-02 2015-06-24 郑州大学 Cu-TiO2 photocatalyst and preparation method thereof
CN106799236A (en) * 2016-12-22 2017-06-06 南昌航空大学 A kind of Au Cu/TiO2The preparation method of nanometer sheet surface heterogeneous medium knot composite photo-catalyst

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009048186A1 (en) * 2007-10-08 2009-04-16 Industrial Cooperation Foundation Chonbuk National University Tio2-capsulated metallic nanoparticles photocatalyst enable to be excited by uv or visible lights and its preparation method
CN101660203A (en) * 2009-09-09 2010-03-03 中国科学院电工研究所 Preparation method of anatase single crystal TiO2 with large active surface
CN102240546A (en) * 2011-04-22 2011-11-16 山东大学 Method for preparing titanium dioxide-supported noble metal visible light material
CN102335605A (en) * 2011-09-02 2012-02-01 中国科学院新疆理化技术研究所 Method for preparing copper-titanium dioxide core-shell nanoparticles
CN103331153A (en) * 2013-06-07 2013-10-02 南京信息工程大学 Synthesis method of high-activity TiO2 nanodisk photocatalyst
CN104722300A (en) * 2015-03-02 2015-06-24 郑州大学 Cu-TiO2 photocatalyst and preparation method thereof
CN106799236A (en) * 2016-12-22 2017-06-06 南昌航空大学 A kind of Au Cu/TiO2The preparation method of nanometer sheet surface heterogeneous medium knot composite photo-catalyst

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