CN108687359B - Preparation method of nano copper-coated aluminum composite fuel - Google Patents
Preparation method of nano copper-coated aluminum composite fuel Download PDFInfo
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- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- JJLJMEJHUUYSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L Copper hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Cu+2] JJLJMEJHUUYSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000005750 Copper hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 229910001956 copper hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000008139 complexing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cu2+ Chemical compound [Cu+2] JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910001431 copper ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- -1 aluminum ion Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- DDFHBQSCUXNBSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-(5-carboxythiophen-2-yl)thiophene-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound S1C(C(=O)O)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)S1 DDFHBQSCUXNBSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- HRXKRNGNAMMEHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium citrate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O HRXKRNGNAMMEHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229940038773 trisodium citrate Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 101001018064 Homo sapiens Lysosomal-trafficking regulator Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 102100033472 Lysosomal-trafficking regulator Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 235000010703 Modiola caroliniana Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 244000038561 Modiola caroliniana Species 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001132 ultrasonic dispersion Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 5
- JQKUCPUQTWLCNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid Chemical compound [Cu].OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O JQKUCPUQTWLCNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000536 complexating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001879 copper Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920001973 fluoroelastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004449 solid propellant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K Citrate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005234 chemical deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011246 composite particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011258 core-shell material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036284 oxygen consumption Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003223 protective agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003832 thermite Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/16—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes
- B22F9/18—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes with reduction of metal compounds
- B22F9/24—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes with reduction of metal compounds starting from liquid metal compounds, e.g. solutions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/05—Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles
- B22F1/054—Nanosized particles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/17—Metallic particles coated with metal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y40/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a nano copper-coated aluminum composite fuel, which comprises the steps of adding trace amount of trisodium citrate serving as a copper ion complexing agent and ammonium fluoride serving as an aluminum ion complexing agent into mixed aqueous suspension of copper hydroxide and aluminum powder, and centrifugally separating a mauve product obtained by reaction to obtain the nano copper-coated aluminum composite fuel. The process is carried out at normal temperature and normal pressure, any surfactant is not introduced, and the obtained nano copper is uniformly distributed on the surface of the nano aluminum and has uniform granularity; regulating the concentration of the trace copper ion complexing agent and the granularity of the obtained nano copper particles.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of a nano-aluminum composite fuel for a solid propellant, in particular to a preparation method of a nano-copper-coated aluminum composite fuel.
Background
Aluminum powder has a significant effect of increasing specific impulse due to its high density, low oxygen consumption and high heat of combustion, and thus is widely used as a metal fuel in solid rocket propellants. Compared with the traditional micron aluminum fuel, the nanometer aluminum fuel has higher reactivity and energy release efficiency due to the special small-size effect and the surface effect. Then, the chemical property of the nano aluminum is more active than that of the micron aluminum, and the nano aluminum is more likely to interact with external environmental factors (temperature, humidity, atmosphere and the like) to form an inert oxide film with higher content on the surface of the nano aluminum, so that most of activity is lost. Therefore, the activity maintenance of the nano aluminum fuel becomes an important problem to be solved in the practical use process.
Among the methods for maintaining the activity of nano aluminum, the surface coating design is proved to be an effective approach. Such as: the subject group of professor Matsoukas at State university of Pennsylvania of America adopts a chemical evaporation deposition way to respectively coat isopropanol, toluene, octodecafluorodecalin and the like on the surface of nano aluminum (ACS appl. mater. Interfaces, 2014, 6: 7942-. Phylling spring, etc. (CN 103506621A) disclose a method for preparing fluororubber-coated nano aluminum powder composite particles, wherein the fluororubber-coated layer can delay the normal-temperature oxidation of nano aluminum powder and improve the high-temperature oxidation rate and heat release rate of the nano aluminum powder. Zhao Fengji et al (CN 103611943A) disclose a method for preparing carbon-coated nano aluminum powder, which can effectively prevent the nano aluminum from being oxidized after coating and keep the activity of the nano aluminum. However, most of the coating materials involved in the research are inert substances, are not solid rocket propellant formula components, and have low combustion heat value.
The nano copper is a common burning rate catalyst in the solid propellant, and the nano copper-coated aluminum composite fuel is synthesized; on one hand, the activity of the aluminum fuel can be maintained at low temperature, and the aluminum fuel is prevented from being passivated further; on the other hand, the ignitable combustion performance of the aluminum fuel can be improved by alloying or thermite effect at high temperature. The applicant reports a synthesis process of nano-copper-coated micron aluminum powder in 'replacement reduction method for preparing core-shell structure Cu/Al composite powder' (chemical reports, 2017, 65: 81-85), and realizes rapid chemical deposition of nano-copper on the surface of micron aluminum powder by adopting a method of directly replacing and reducing soluble copper salt by aluminum powder in an aqueous solution taking gelatin as a protective agent and fluorine ions as a complexing agent. Then, when the nano aluminum replaces the micron aluminum, by adopting the synthesis process, the replaced copper particles are not deposited on the surface of the nano aluminum, but form a simple binary metal mixture of the copper particles and the nano aluminum. The reason is as follows: compared with micron aluminum, the nano aluminum has smaller particle size, and the replaced nano copper is not enough to be adsorbed on the surface of the nano aluminum by virtue of electrostatic attraction.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the nano-copper-coated aluminum composite fuel is prepared by adopting a double complexing agent, so that the application performance of the nano-aluminum fuel in a solid rocket propellant is improved, and a technical support is provided for the application of the nano-copper-coated aluminum composite fuel in the solid rocket propellant.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows: the preparation method of the nano copper-coated aluminum composite fuel comprises the steps of adding trace copper ion complexing agent trisodium citrate and aluminum ion complexing agent ammonium fluoride into mixed aqueous suspension of copper hydroxide and aluminum powder, and centrifugally separating a mauve product obtained by reaction to obtain the nano copper-coated aluminum composite fuel.
The preparation method of the nano copper-coated aluminum composite fuel comprises the following specific steps:
(1) respectively preparing a copper sulfate aqueous solution and a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution with certain concentrations at normal temperature and normal pressure, and uniformly mixing the copper sulfate aqueous solution and the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution according to the volume ratio of 1:1 to form a copper hydroxide suspension; centrifugally separating the copper hydroxide suspension, and washing with deionized water until the pH value is neutral to obtain copper hydroxide;
(2) adding copper hydroxide and aluminum powder into water for ultrasonic dispersion and stirring dispersion to obtain a mixed aqueous suspension of the copper hydroxide and the aluminum powder;
(3) and (3) adding trace copper ion complexing agent trisodium citrate and aluminum ion complexing agent ammonium fluoride into the mixed aqueous suspension obtained in the step (2), stirring at the speed of 800 revolutions per minute for the whole process, reacting for a certain time, centrifuging and washing the product, and drying at the temperature of 45 ℃ to obtain the nano copper-coated aluminum composite fuel.
Wherein the particle size range of the aluminum powder is 100-800 nanometers.
Wherein, in the step (1), the concentration of the copper sulfate aqueous solution is controlled to be 0.01-0.1 mol/L, and the concentration of the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution is 2.1 times of the concentration of the copper sulfate aqueous solution.
In the step (2), in the mixed aqueous suspension of copper hydroxide and aluminum powder, the weight ratio of copper hydroxide, aluminum powder and water is 0.001-0.01: 0.01: 1.
wherein, in the step (2), the ultrasonic dispersion conditions are as follows: the ultrasonic dispersion power is 60-360 watts.
Wherein, in the step (3), the weight of the trace copper ion complexing agent trisodium citrate is one percent of the weight of copper hydroxide; the concentration of the aluminum ion complexing agent ammonium fluoride in the mixed aqueous suspension of the copper hydroxide and the aluminum powder is controlled to be 0.05-0.2 mol/L.
Wherein, in the step (3), the reaction time is 1-5 minutes.
The principle of the invention is as follows: under normal temperature and pressure, the surface of the nano aluminum is wrapped by a layer of compact oxide film, and the nano aluminum and the copper salt can perform a displacement reaction on the premise of removing the oxide film on the surface; introducing an aluminum ion complexing agent ammonium fluoride into a mixed aqueous phase system of nano aluminum and copper hydroxide, wherein the ammonium fluoride can destroy an oxide film on the surface layer of the nano aluminum, so that high-activity simple substance aluminum is exposed; because the copper hydroxide has higher solubility product, free moving copper ions can not be ionized in the solution, and the active simple substance aluminum can still not replace the copper simple substance from the copper hydroxide; therefore, a trace copper ion complexing agent trisodium citrate is also added into a mixed aqueous phase system of the nano aluminum and the copper hydroxide, and the action of the trisodium citrate is to form trace copper-citric acid complex ions by complexing with the copper hydroxide; trace copper-citric acid complex ions can be quickly replaced by high-activity simple substance aluminum to obtain a copper simple substance, and simultaneously, complexing agent citrate is released; the released citrate radicals continuously complex copper hydroxide to form trace copper-citric acid complex ions, then the displacement reaction is carried out again, and the complexing agent is released; therefore, in the present invention, the displacement reaction and the complexing reaction are alternately performed until the copper hydroxide is completely displaced to the simple substance of copper; because the concentration of the copper-citric acid complex ions in the system is trace and is always maintained at an approximately same level, the influence of the change of the concentration of the system on the particle size of a copper product is effectively avoided, and the particle size of the nano copper particles is effectively reduced by reducing the concentration of the copper-citric acid complex ions, so that the nano copper particles are adsorbed on the surface of nano aluminum through electrostatic attraction.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the nano-copper-coated nano-aluminum composite fuel is quickly prepared by virtue of a 'double complexing agent', namely a trace copper ion complexing agent and a proper amount of aluminum ion complexing agent.
2. The preparation process is carried out at normal temperature and normal pressure, any surfactant is not introduced, the required production equipment is simple, and the method is suitable for industrial production.
3. The nano copper is uniformly distributed on the surface of the nano aluminum, the granularity is uniform, the concentration of the trace copper ion complexing agent is regulated, and the granularity of nano copper particles can be controlled.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a scanning electron micrograph of a nano-copper-clad aluminum composite fuel.
Detailed Description
The following examples are provided to further illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, but these examples should not be construed as limiting the technical solutions.
Example 1: the preparation method of the nano copper-coated aluminum composite fuel comprises the following steps:
(1) respectively preparing a copper sulfate aqueous solution and a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution with certain concentrations at normal temperature and normal pressure, and uniformly mixing the copper sulfate aqueous solution and the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution according to the volume ratio of 1:1 to form a copper hydroxide suspension; centrifugally separating the copper hydroxide suspension, and washing with deionized water until the pH value is neutral to obtain copper hydroxide; wherein the concentration of the copper sulfate aqueous solution is 0.01mol/L, and the concentration of the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution is 2.1 times of the concentration of the copper sulfate aqueous solution;
(2) adding the copper hydroxide and aluminum powder obtained in the step (1) into water to perform ultrasonic dispersion with the power of 60W to obtain mixed aqueous phase suspension of the copper hydroxide and the aluminum powder; wherein the particle size range of the aluminum powder is 100 nanometers; in the mixed aqueous suspension of the copper hydroxide and the aluminum powder, the weight ratio of the copper hydroxide to the aluminum powder to the water is 0.001: 0.01: 1;
(3) adding trace copper ion complexing agent trisodium citrate and aluminum ion complexing agent ammonium fluoride into the mixed aqueous suspension obtained in the step (2), stirring at 500 r/min, reacting for 5 minutes, centrifuging and washing the product, and drying at 45 ℃ to obtain the nano copper-coated aluminum composite fuel; the weight of the trace copper ion complexing agent trisodium citrate is one percent of the weight of copper hydroxide; the concentration of the aluminum ion complexing agent ammonium fluoride in the mixed aqueous suspension of copper hydroxide and aluminum powder is 0.05 mol/L.
Example 2: the preparation method of the nano copper-coated aluminum composite fuel comprises the following steps:
(1) respectively preparing a copper sulfate aqueous solution and a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution with certain concentrations at normal temperature and normal pressure, and uniformly mixing the copper sulfate aqueous solution and the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution according to the volume ratio of 1:1 to form a copper hydroxide suspension; centrifugally separating the copper hydroxide suspension, and washing with deionized water until the pH value is neutral to obtain copper hydroxide; wherein the concentration of the copper sulfate aqueous solution is 0.055mol/L, and the concentration of the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution is 2.1 times of the concentration of the copper sulfate aqueous solution;
(2) adding the copper hydroxide and aluminum powder obtained in the step (1) into water to perform ultrasonic dispersion with the power of 210W to obtain mixed aqueous phase suspension of the copper hydroxide and the aluminum powder; wherein the particle size range of the aluminum powder is 450 nanometers; in the mixed aqueous suspension of the copper hydroxide and the aluminum powder, the weight ratio of the copper hydroxide to the aluminum powder to the water is 0.0055: 0.01: 1;
(3) adding trace copper ion complexing agent trisodium citrate and aluminum ion complexing agent ammonium fluoride into the mixed aqueous suspension obtained in the step (2), stirring at 650 revolutions per minute, reacting for 3 minutes, centrifuging and washing a product, and drying at 45 ℃ to obtain the nano copper-coated aluminum composite fuel; the weight of the trace copper ion complexing agent trisodium citrate is one percent of the weight of copper hydroxide; the concentration of the aluminum ion complexing agent ammonium fluoride in the mixed aqueous suspension of copper hydroxide and aluminum powder is 0.125 mol/L.
Example 3: the preparation method of the nano copper-coated aluminum composite fuel comprises the following steps:
(1) respectively preparing a copper sulfate aqueous solution and a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution with certain concentrations at normal temperature and normal pressure, and uniformly mixing the copper sulfate aqueous solution and the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution according to the volume ratio of 1:1 to form a copper hydroxide suspension; centrifugally separating the copper hydroxide suspension, and washing with deionized water until the pH value is neutral to obtain copper hydroxide; wherein the concentration of the copper sulfate aqueous solution is 0.1 mol/L, and the concentration of the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution is 2.1 times of the concentration of the copper sulfate aqueous solution;
(2) adding the copper hydroxide and aluminum powder obtained in the step (1) into water to perform ultrasonic dispersion with power of 360 watts to obtain mixed aqueous phase suspension of the copper hydroxide and the aluminum powder; wherein the particle size range of the aluminum powder is 800 nanometers; in the mixed aqueous suspension of the copper hydroxide and the aluminum powder, the weight ratio of the copper hydroxide to the aluminum powder to the water is 0.01: 0.01: 1;
(3) adding trace copper ion complexing agent trisodium citrate and aluminum ion complexing agent ammonium fluoride into the mixed aqueous suspension obtained in the step (2), stirring at 800 r/m, reacting for 1 min, centrifuging and washing the product, and drying at 45 ℃ to obtain the nano copper-coated aluminum composite fuel; the weight of the trace copper ion complexing agent trisodium citrate is one percent of the weight of copper hydroxide; the concentration of the aluminum ion complexing agent ammonium fluoride in the mixed aqueous suspension of copper hydroxide and aluminum powder is 0.2 mol/L.
FIG. 1 is a scanning electron micrograph of a nanocopper-coated aluminum composite fuel (800 nm); the physicochemical indexes of the nanocopper-coated aluminum composite fuel obtained in examples 1 to 3 are as follows:
Claims (7)
1. a preparation method of a nano copper-coated aluminum composite fuel comprises the steps of adding trace copper ion complexing agent trisodium citrate and aluminum ion complexing agent ammonium fluoride into mixed aqueous suspension of copper hydroxide and aluminum powder, and centrifugally separating a mauve product obtained by reaction to obtain the nano copper-coated aluminum composite fuel; the preparation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) respectively preparing a copper sulfate aqueous solution and a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution with certain concentrations at normal temperature and normal pressure, and uniformly mixing the copper sulfate aqueous solution and the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution according to the volume ratio of 1:1 to form a copper hydroxide suspension; centrifugally separating the copper hydroxide suspension, and washing with deionized water until the pH value is neutral to obtain copper hydroxide;
(2) adding copper hydroxide and aluminum powder into water for ultrasonic dispersion to obtain a mixed aqueous suspension of the copper hydroxide and the aluminum powder;
(3) and (3) adding trace copper ion complexing agent trisodium citrate and aluminum ion complexing agent ammonium fluoride into the mixed aqueous suspension obtained in the step (2), stirring at the speed of 800 revolutions per minute for the whole process, reacting for a certain time, centrifuging and washing the product, and drying at the temperature of 45 ℃ to obtain the nano copper-coated aluminum composite fuel.
2. The method for preparing the nano-copper-coated aluminum composite fuel according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the particle size range of the aluminum powder is 100-800 nanometers.
3. The method for preparing the nano-copper-coated aluminum composite fuel according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: in the step (1), the concentration of the copper sulfate aqueous solution is controlled to be 0.01-0.1 mol/L, and the concentration of the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution is 2.1 times of the concentration of the copper sulfate aqueous solution.
4. The method for preparing the nano-copper-coated aluminum composite fuel according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: in the step (2), in the mixed aqueous suspension of the copper hydroxide and the aluminum powder, the weight ratio of the copper hydroxide to the aluminum powder to the water is 0.001-0.01: 0.01: 1.
5. the method for preparing the nano-copper-coated aluminum composite fuel according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: in the step (2), the ultrasonic dispersion conditions are as follows: the ultrasonic dispersion power is 60-360 watts.
6. The method for preparing the nano-copper-coated aluminum composite fuel according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: in the step (3), the weight of the trace copper ion complexing agent trisodium citrate is one percent of the weight of copper hydroxide; the concentration of the aluminum ion complexing agent ammonium fluoride in the mixed aqueous suspension of the copper hydroxide and the aluminum powder is controlled to be 0.05-0.2 mol/L.
7. The method for preparing the nano-copper-coated aluminum composite fuel according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: in the step (3), the reaction time is 1-5 minutes.
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| CN110480004B (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2021-11-09 | 南京理工大学 | Method for preparing carbon-coated nano aluminum powder by hydrothermal method |
| CN111331130B (en) * | 2020-03-11 | 2022-03-18 | 淮阴师范学院 | Preparation method of flower-shaped nano manganese hydroxide coated aluminum composite material |
| CN114309593B (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2024-04-05 | 中北大学 | Preparation method of multielement transition metal coated micron aluminum composite fuel |
| CN114853554A (en) * | 2022-05-25 | 2022-08-05 | 北京理工大学 | Aluminum-copper core-shell structure metal fuel with catalytic effect and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2001294910A (en) * | 2000-04-07 | 2001-10-26 | Korea Inst Of Mach & Materials | METHOD FOR PRODUCING NANOSIZED Cu-Al2O3 COMPLEX POWDER |
| CN102248159A (en) * | 2011-07-26 | 2011-11-23 | 北京工业大学 | Preparation method of silver-coated aluminum powder |
| CN104325137A (en) * | 2014-10-11 | 2015-02-04 | 中北大学 | Preparation method for silver-coated aluminium powder |
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