CN108684008B - Wireless sensor, wireless sensing system and wireless sensing method - Google Patents
Wireless sensor, wireless sensing system and wireless sensing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108684008B CN108684008B CN201810460367.XA CN201810460367A CN108684008B CN 108684008 B CN108684008 B CN 108684008B CN 201810460367 A CN201810460367 A CN 201810460367A CN 108684008 B CN108684008 B CN 108684008B
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 59
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 78
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004148 unit process Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/30—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes
- H04W4/38—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for collecting sensor information
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
- G08C17/00—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link
- G08C17/02—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link using a radio link
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/02—Details
- H04L12/10—Current supply arrangements
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wireless sensor, wherein a signal detection unit is used for detecting a load signal and converting the load signal into an electric signal; a signal amplifying unit for amplifying the electric signal output by the signal detecting unit; the signal conversion unit is used for carrying out analog-to-digital conversion on the amplified electric signal, outputting a digital signal and transmitting the digital signal to the micro control unit; the micro control unit is used for processing the digital signals after analog-to-digital conversion, forming data packets, transmitting the data packets to the wireless transmission unit, and controlling the power supply unit to supply power to the signal detection unit, the signal amplification unit, the signal conversion unit and the wireless transmission unit according to a preset mode; the power supply unit is connected with the signal detection unit, the signal amplification unit, the signal conversion unit, the micro control unit and the wireless transmission unit and used for providing electric energy required by the operation of each unit; and the wireless transmission unit is used for transmitting the data packet according to a preset wireless communication protocol.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of sensors, in particular to a wireless sensor and a sensing system.
Background
A pressure sensor is a device or apparatus that senses a pressure signal and converts the pressure signal to a usable output electrical signal according to a certain law. The pressure sensor is the most commonly used sensor in industrial practice, is widely applied to various industrial self-control environments, and relates to various industries such as water conservancy and hydropower, railway traffic, intelligent building, production self-control, aerospace, military industry, petrochemical industry, oil well, electric power, ships, machine tools, pipelines and the like. With the development of technology in the sensing field, the real-time performance requirement on the pressure sensor is also higher and higher.
In the existing pressure sensor, a pressure strain gauge is placed at a proper position of a stress structure, so that the transformation from pressure to deformation to resistance change is realized. The pressure strain gauge or the pressure strain gauge and the fixed resistor form a bridge circuit, and an external power supply is used as excitation to generate voltage change related to pressure. The existing wireless pressure sensor has a signal processing module with a wireless transmission function and an electric energy supply device.
However, based on this, the inventors of the present invention found that the conventional wireless sensor is generally limited in size and the battery performance, so that the transmission rate is low. When the transmission rate is increased, power consumption increases sharply, resulting in a decrease in the service life and reliability of the battery. In addition, a rechargeable lithium battery is generally used, the working temperature range of the product is limited by the working temperature range of the lithium battery, the battery performance is greatly influenced by temperature (low temperature), the phenomenon of low-temperature non-working is extremely easy to occur, and the real-time requirement of a sensor cannot be met.
The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person of ordinary skill in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a wireless sensor, a wireless sensing method and a corresponding wireless sensing system, thereby overcoming the defects.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a wireless sensor comprising: the device comprises a signal detection unit, a signal amplification unit, a signal conversion unit, a micro control unit, a power supply unit and a wireless transmission unit, wherein the signal detection unit is used for detecting a load signal and converting the load signal into an electric signal; a signal amplifying unit for amplifying the electric signal output by the signal detecting unit; the signal conversion unit is used for carrying out analog-to-digital conversion on the amplified electric signal, outputting a digital signal and transmitting the digital signal to the micro control unit; the micro control unit is used for processing the digital signals after analog-to-digital conversion, forming data packets, transmitting the data packets to the wireless transmission unit, and controlling the power supply unit to supply power to the signal detection unit, the signal amplification unit, the signal conversion unit and the wireless transmission unit according to a preset mode; the power supply unit is connected with the signal detection unit, the signal amplification unit, the signal conversion unit, the micro control unit and the wireless transmission unit and used for providing electric energy required by the operation of each unit; and the wireless transmission unit is used for transmitting the data packet according to a preset wireless communication protocol.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, the signal detection unit is further capable of detecting illumination intensity, and the power supply unit includes a solar panel and a battery, wherein when the illumination intensity is higher than a preset value, the solar panel is used for supplying power, and when the illumination intensity is lower than the preset value, the battery is used for supplying power.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, the battery includes a rechargeable battery, and when the illumination intensity is higher than a preset value and the rechargeable battery meets a charging condition, the rechargeable battery is charged; and the battery also comprises a non-rechargeable battery, the signal detection unit can also detect the temperature, and the non-rechargeable battery is used for supplying power when the temperature is lower than a preset value or the rechargeable battery is lower than a preset electric quantity.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, the signal detecting unit, the signal amplifying unit, the signal converting unit, and the wireless transmitting unit are controllable and dormant devices; the micro control unit controls the signal detection unit, the signal amplification unit, the signal conversion unit and the wireless transmission unit to be in a working or dormant state according to the three preset modes.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, the signal detection of the signal detection unit and the signal transmission of the wireless transmission unit are set to a fixed frequency, or triggered under the control of the micro control unit, where the signal detection frequency may be the same as or different from the signal transmission frequency.
The invention also provides a wireless sensing method, which comprises the following steps: detecting a load signal and converting the load signal into an electrical signal; amplifying the converted electrical signal; analog-to-digital conversion is carried out on the amplified electric signal, and a digital signal is output; processing the digital signal after analog-to-digital conversion, forming a data packet, and transmitting the data packet according to a preset wireless communication protocol; and enabling each working unit to be in a working state according to a preset mode, and executing the steps under the working state.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, the method further comprises detecting illumination intensity, when the illumination intensity is higher than a preset value, using the solar panel to supply power, and when the illumination intensity is lower than the preset value, using the battery to supply power.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, the battery includes a rechargeable battery and a non-rechargeable battery, and when the illumination intensity is higher than a preset value and the charging condition is satisfied, the rechargeable battery is charged; the method further comprises the step of detecting the temperature, and when the air temperature is lower than a preset value or the rechargeable battery is lower than a preset electric quantity, the non-rechargeable battery is used for supplying power.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, the preset modes include a periodic sampling mode, a triggering mode, and a periodic sampling+triggering mode, and the working unit is controlled to be in a working or sleep state according to the three preset modes; the signal detection and signal transmission are set to a fixed frequency or controllably triggered, wherein the signal detection frequency and signal transmission frequency may be the same or different.
The invention also provides a wireless sensing system which comprises the wireless sensor and a receiver matched with the wireless sensor, wherein the receiver comprises a transmission unit used for communicating with the wireless transmission unit of the wireless sensor, and the wireless sensor is always in a receiving state.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: firstly, the load uploading speed adopted in the technical scheme of the invention is up to 50 times/second, and the uploading frequency adopted in the prior art is 2 times/second at the highest, so that the invention can acquire the sensing signal more in real time; secondly, the fusion of multiple power supply schemes is adopted, so that the application range of the temperature is wider, the harsher use environment can be met, the power supply schemes are switched under different working environments, and the temperature can be operated at-50-80 ℃; in the invention, as the sampling frequency and the transmission frequency can be regulated and components with two modes of working and dormancy are adopted, the power consumption of the product is extremely low, and the multi-battery fusion technology is matched, so that the invention can still keep normal working under the extreme condition of no illumination.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a wireless sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a wireless sensing method according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention is, therefore, to be taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it is to be understood that the scope of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.
Throughout the specification and claims, unless explicitly stated otherwise, the term "comprise" or variations thereof such as "comprises" or "comprising", etc. will be understood to include the stated element or component without excluding other elements or components.
As shown in fig. 1, the wireless sensor according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a signal detection amplifying circuit, a conversion circuit, a micro control unit MCU, a power supply module, and a wireless transmission module, and a detailed structure and an operation manner of the wireless sensor are described below.
And the signal detection unit is used for detecting the load signal and converting the load signal into an electric signal. The load may be pressure, weight, or the like, and an electric signal is generated by detecting a change in a current or voltage value due to the deformation of the load. The load detection can be set to be a plurality of detection frequencies of 50Hz, 30Hz, 15Hz, 8Hz, 4Hz, 2Hz, 1Hz, 0.5Hz and the like according to actual needs, and the detection can be triggered according to the control of the micro-processing unit. The signal detection unit can also detect the temperature and the illumination intensity.
And the signal amplifying unit is used for amplifying the electric signal output by the signal detecting unit to a level suitable for conversion by the signal converting unit (ADC), and then carrying out analog-to-digital conversion on the amplified electric signal by the signal converting unit, outputting a digital signal and transmitting the digital signal to the micro-control unit.
The micro control unit processes the digital signals after the analog-to-digital conversion and forms a data packet, the data packet is transmitted to the wireless transmission unit, and the data packet is sent according to a preset wireless communication protocol. The transmission frequency of the signal transmission unit may be set to 50Hz, 30Hz, 15Hz, 8Hz, 4Hz, 2Hz, 1Hz, 0.5Hz, etc., according to the specific circumstances. The wireless communication protocol may be a 2.4G wireless communication protocol or other wireless communication protocols. The micro control unit may be a single chip microcomputer or other similar devices capable of implementing micro control functions.
The power supply unit is connected with the signal detection unit, the signal amplification unit, the signal conversion unit, the micro control unit and the wireless transmission unit and provides electric energy required by the work of each unit.
The power supply unit comprises a solar panel and a battery, wherein the battery comprises a rechargeable battery and a non-rechargeable battery. As a specific example, the rechargeable battery may be a rechargeable lithium battery and the non-rechargeable battery may be a lithium-ion battery. When the illumination intensity is higher than a preset value, a solar panel is used for supplying power, and when the illumination intensity is lower than the preset value, a battery is used for supplying power; when the illumination intensity is higher than a preset value and the rechargeable battery meets a charging condition, charging the rechargeable battery; and when the air temperature is lower than a preset value or the rechargeable battery is lower than a preset electric quantity, the non-rechargeable battery is used for supplying power.
The signal detection unit, the signal amplification unit, the signal conversion unit and the wireless transmission unit are controllable and dormant devices, namely the units can be controllably in an operating mode or a dormant mode.
The microprocessor unit is capable of controlling the above units according to a preset pattern including a periodic sampling pattern, a trigger pattern, and a periodic sampling+trigger pattern.
Three preset modes are described in detail below, wherein the sampling frequency is the load signal detection frequency of the signal detection unit.
Periodic sampling mode: the ratio of the sampling frequency to the transmission frequency is 1, and no trigger line is present at this time, i.e. the trigger line is inactive. The trigger line is a user-defined alarm line, and the sensor immediately transmits a current measured value when the measured value of the signal detection unit for detecting the load signal exceeds the trigger line, so that the receiving end receives the information. For setting the sampling frequency according to the user's requirement, such as 50Hz, 30Hz, 15Hz, 8Hz, 4Hz, 2Hz, 1Hz, 0.5Hz, in order to reduce the power consumption, the trigger line is not valid because the sampling and the transmission frequency are identical, i.e. each sampling requires a signal to be transmitted, and the trigger line is defined as the signal is transmitted after the sampling exceeds the trigger line.
Triggering mode: the ratio of the sampling frequency to the transmission frequency is positive infinity, with a trigger line. Such a mode is typically used to initiate an alarm when the load signal is detected to exceed a preset value, i.e. not to communicate at ordinary times, so that the alarm function can be implemented with ultra low power consumption.
Periodic sampling+trigger mode: the ratio of the sampling frequency to the transmission frequency is not 1 and positive infinity, with a trigger line. The method is used for providing low-frequency data transmission and high-frequency sampling, and realizing optimal control of power consumption. For example, if the signal detection unit detects that the load exceeds the limit and needs to alarm, and the user needs to receive the alarm signal sent by the wireless sensing device within 30ms, the user may select the sampling frequency to be 50Hz, the transmission frequency to be 2Hz, and the ratio of the sampling frequency to the transmission frequency to be 25, so as to realize the lowest energy consumption control.
The energy consumption in the wireless sensing device comprises necessary energy consumption and trigger intermittent energy consumption (comprising sampling energy consumption and transmission energy consumption). The necessary energy consumption is the energy consumption of maintaining the equipment in a standby state or a dormant state, the energy consumption of a hardware circuit (a voltage stabilizing chip and other circuits), and the triggering intermittent energy consumption is the energy consumption (including the energy consumption required by signal detection, signal processing, wireless transmission and the like to complete one-time complete signal detection) when the wireless sensor function is realized.
By actually measuring the wireless sensor in the technical scheme of the invention, the necessary energy consumption comprises the energy consumption of each unit when the unit is dormant and the energy consumption of other hardware uncontrollable hardware, which is 80 to uAs.
The sampling energy consumption comprises the energy consumption generated when each unit realizes one-time signal detection, and the energy consumption can not be continuously generated because each unit is closed after one-time detection is completed, and the sampling energy consumption is 2.88 uAs/time through actual measurement.
The transmission energy consumption mainly comprises the energy consumption of the micro-processing unit and the wireless transmission unit, the energy consumption also disappears after one transmission, and the data transmission energy consumption is measured: 11.52 uAs/pass.
The sampling frequency F of the wireless sensor is adjustable, and the ratio N of the transmission frequency to the sampling frequency is adjustable, so that the control of the sampling energy consumption and the transmission energy consumption is realized. An optimal choice of performance and power consumption is achieved.
For example:
example 1: in order to perform feedback control on the real-time load signal transmitted by the wireless sensor, high-speed sampling and high-speed transmission are needed at this time, so that the sampling frequency F is set to be 50Hz, the transmission frequency is also set to be 50Hz data uploading (N is 1, F/n=50 Hz), and the situation in this example is that the wireless sensing system has the highest normal energy consumption.
Example 2: for overrun alarm requirements, the transmitted load signal is only used for artificial observation, and is not used for feedback control, i.e. high-frequency sampling and low-frequency transmission can be selected, F can be set to be 50Hz, and the transmission frequency is set to be 2Hz (N is 25, F/N=2 Hz)
Example 3: the user does not need to monitor the data too quickly, and can select low-frequency sampling and low-frequency transmission, wherein F can be set to be 1Hz, and the transmission frequency is 1Hz (N is 1, F/N=1 Hz)
The total energy consumption M of the wireless sensor in operation can be calculated by adding the necessary energy consumption, the sampling energy consumption and the transmission energy consumption, and according to the necessary energy consumption, the values of the sampling energy consumption and the transmission energy consumption, and the specific values of F and N in examples 1 to 3, the total energy consumption M1 to M3 in examples 1 to 3 can be calculated as follows:
m1=50 hz+2.88uas/times+50/1+11.52uas/times+ uAs =800 uAs
M2=50 hz+2.88uas/times+50/25×11.52uas/times+ uAs = 247.04uAs
M3=1 hz+2.88uas/times+1/1 x 11.52uas/times+ uAs =94.4 uAs
From the above results, it is possible to obtain:
M2=0.31M1，M3=0.12M1，
that is, in the case of example 2, the total energy consumption was only 0.31 of the highest normal energy consumption, and in the case of example 3, the total energy consumption was 0.12 of the highest normal energy consumption. Therefore, according to specific use requirements, the values of F and N are reasonably set, optimal control can be realized, and the energy consumption of the wireless sensor is reduced.
The wireless sensor discussed above is used as a transmitting end for detecting signals and transmitting the signals, and the wireless sensor system further comprises a receiver for cooperation with the wireless sensor. By setting the transmission unit of the receiver in the reception state all the time and increasing the power consumption of the receiver, the power consumption of the wireless sensor can be reduced to a greater extent.
Specifically, if the receiver is always in a receiving state, the wireless sensor transmits at any time, and the receiver can receive the signal; if the receiver is in intermittent reception (e.g., 0.5S received 0.5S off), then the wireless sensor must achieve communication by lengthening the transmission time (over 0.5S).
As shown in fig. 2, the embodiment of the invention further discloses a wireless sensing method, firstly, detecting a load signal and converting the load signal into an electric signal. The load may be pressure, weight, or the like, and an electric signal is generated by detecting a change in a current or voltage value due to the deformation of the load. The load detection can be set to be a plurality of detection frequencies of 50Hz, 30Hz, 15Hz, 8Hz, 4Hz, 2Hz, 1Hz, 0.5Hz and the like according to actual needs, and the detection can be triggered according to the control of the micro-processing unit. Meanwhile, the temperature and the illumination intensity can be detected.
Next, the above-mentioned electric signal is amplified to a level suitable for conversion by a signal conversion unit (ADC), and then the amplified electric signal is analog-to-digital converted, outputting a digital signal.
Next, the digital signal after the analog-to-digital conversion is processed to form a data packet, and the data packet is transmitted according to a preset wireless communication protocol, where the transmission frequency may be set to 50Hz, 30Hz, 15Hz, 8Hz, 4Hz, 2Hz, 1Hz, 0.5Hz, etc. according to the specific situation. The wireless communication protocol may be a 2.4G wireless communication protocol or other wireless communication protocols.
Detecting the illumination intensity, when the illumination intensity is higher than a preset value, using a solar panel to supply power, and when the illumination intensity is lower than the preset value, using a battery to supply power; when the illumination intensity is higher than a preset value and the rechargeable battery meets a charging condition, charging the rechargeable battery; and detecting the temperature, and when the air temperature is lower than a preset value or the rechargeable battery is lower than a preset electric quantity, using the non-rechargeable battery to supply power.
And controlling the working unit of the sensor according to a preset mode, and setting the working unit into a working mode or a dormant mode, wherein the preset mode comprises a periodic sampling mode, a triggering mode and a periodic sampling and triggering mode.
Three preset modes are described in detail below, wherein the sampling frequency is the load signal detection frequency of the signal detection unit.
Periodic sampling mode: the ratio of sampling frequency to transmission frequency is 1, no trigger line (trigger line inactive). For setting the sampling frequency according to the user's requirement, such as 50Hz, 30Hz, 15Hz, 8Hz, 4Hz, 2Hz, 1Hz, 0.5Hz, in order to reduce the power consumption, the trigger line is not valid because the sampling and the transmission frequency are identical, i.e. each sampling requires a signal to be transmitted, and the trigger line is defined as the signal is transmitted after the sampling exceeds the trigger line.
Triggering mode: the ratio of the sampling frequency to the transmission frequency is positive infinity, with a trigger line. Such a mode is typically used to initiate an alarm when the load signal is detected to exceed a preset value, i.e. not to communicate at ordinary times, so that the alarm function can be implemented with ultra low power consumption.
Periodic sampling+trigger mode: the ratio of the sampling frequency to the transmission frequency is not 1 and positive infinity, with a trigger line. The method is used for providing low-frequency data transmission and high-frequency sampling, and realizing optimal control of power consumption. For example, if the signal detection unit detects that the load exceeds the limit and needs to alarm, and the user needs to receive the alarm signal sent by the wireless sensing device within 30ms, the user may select the sampling frequency to be 50Hz, the transmission frequency to be 2Hz, and the ratio of the sampling frequency to the transmission frequency to be 25, so as to realize the lowest energy consumption control.
The energy consumption in the wireless sensing device comprises necessary energy consumption and trigger intermittent energy consumption (comprising sampling energy consumption and transmission energy consumption). The necessary energy consumption is the energy consumption of maintaining the equipment in a standby state or a dormant state, the energy consumption of a hardware circuit (a voltage stabilizing chip and other circuits), and the triggering intermittent energy consumption is the energy consumption (including the energy consumption required by signal detection, signal processing, wireless transmission and the like to complete one-time complete signal detection) when the wireless sensor function is realized.
By actually measuring the wireless sensor in the technical scheme of the invention, the energy consumption is required to include the energy consumption of each unit when the unit is dormant and the energy consumption of other hardware uncontrollable hardware, which is 80uA in total.
The sampling energy consumption comprises the energy consumption generated when each unit realizes one-time signal detection, and the energy consumption can not be continuously generated because each unit is closed after one-time detection is completed, and the sampling energy consumption is 2.88 uAs/time through actual measurement.
The transmission energy consumption mainly comprises the energy consumption of the micro-processing unit and the wireless transmission unit, the energy consumption also disappears after one transmission, and the data transmission energy consumption is measured: 11.52 uAs/pass.
The sampling frequency F of the wireless sensor is adjustable, and the ratio N of the transmission frequency to the sampling frequency is adjustable, so that the control of the sampling energy consumption and the transmission energy consumption is realized. An optimal choice of performance and power consumption is achieved.
For example:
example 1: in order to perform feedback control on the real-time load signal transmitted by the wireless sensor, high-speed sampling and high-speed transmission are needed at this time, so that the sampling frequency F is set to be 50Hz, the transmission frequency is also set to be 50Hz data uploading (N is 1, F/n=50 Hz), and the situation in this example is that the wireless sensing system has the highest normal energy consumption.
Example 2: for overrun alarm requirements, the transmitted load signal is only used for artificial observation, and is not used for feedback control, i.e. high-frequency sampling and low-frequency transmission can be selected, F can be set to be 50Hz, and the transmission frequency is set to be 2Hz (N is 25, F/N=2 Hz)
Example 3: the user does not need to monitor the data too quickly, and can select low-frequency sampling and low-frequency transmission, wherein F can be set to be 1Hz, and the transmission frequency is 1Hz (N is 1, F/N=1 Hz)
The total energy consumption M of the wireless sensor in operation can be calculated by adding the necessary energy consumption, the sampling energy consumption and the transmission energy consumption, and according to the necessary energy consumption, the values of the sampling energy consumption and the transmission energy consumption, and the specific values of F and N in examples 1 to 3, the total energy consumption M1 to M3 in examples 1 to 3 can be calculated as follows:
m1=50 hz+2.88uas/times+50/1+11.52uas/times+80 ua=800 uA
M2=50 hz×2.88uas/times +50/25×11.52uas/times +80 ua= 247.04uA
M3=1 hz+2.88uas/times+1/1×11.52uas/times+80 ua=94.4 uA
From the above results, it is possible to obtain:
M2=0.31M1，M3=0.12M1，
that is, in the case of example 2, the total energy consumption was only 0.31 of the highest normal energy consumption, and in the case of example 3, the total energy consumption was 0.12 of the highest normal energy consumption. Therefore, according to specific use requirements, the values of F and N are reasonably set, optimal control can be realized, and the energy consumption of the wireless sensor is reduced.
The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention are presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain the specific principles of the invention and its practical application to thereby enable one skilled in the art to make and utilize the invention in various exemplary embodiments and with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. A wireless sensor, comprising: the device comprises a signal detection unit, a signal amplification unit, a signal conversion unit, a micro control unit, a power supply unit and a wireless transmission unit, wherein,
the signal detection unit is used for detecting a load signal and converting the load signal into an electric signal;
a signal amplifying unit for amplifying the electric signal output by the signal detecting unit;
the signal conversion unit is used for carrying out analog-to-digital conversion on the amplified electric signal, outputting a digital signal and transmitting the digital signal to the micro control unit;
the micro control unit is used for processing the digital signals after analog-to-digital conversion, forming data packets, transmitting the data packets to the wireless transmission unit, and controlling the power supply unit to supply power to the signal detection unit, the signal amplification unit, the signal conversion unit and the wireless transmission unit according to a preset mode;
the power supply unit is connected with the signal detection unit, the signal amplification unit, the signal conversion unit, the micro control unit and the wireless transmission unit and used for providing electric energy required by the operation of each unit;
the wireless transmission unit is used for transmitting the data packet according to a preset wireless communication protocol;
wherein the signal detection unit is further capable of detecting an illumination intensity, and the power supply unit comprises a solar panel and a battery, wherein,
when the illumination intensity is higher than a preset value, a solar panel is used for supplying power, and when the illumination intensity is lower than the preset value, a battery is used for supplying power;
the signal detection unit, the signal amplification unit, the signal conversion unit and the wireless transmission unit are controllable and dormant devices;
the micro control unit controls the signal detection unit, the signal amplification unit, the signal conversion unit and the wireless transmission unit to be in a working or dormant state according to the three preset modes.
2. The wireless sensor of claim 1, wherein the wireless sensor is configured to,
the battery comprises a rechargeable battery, and when the illumination intensity is higher than a preset value and the rechargeable battery meets a charging condition, the rechargeable battery is charged; and
the battery further comprises a non-rechargeable battery, the signal detection unit can also detect the temperature, and the non-rechargeable battery is used for supplying power when the temperature is lower than a preset value or the rechargeable battery is lower than a preset electric quantity.
3. The wireless sensor according to claim 1, wherein the signal detection of the signal detection unit and the signal transmission of the wireless transmission unit are set to a fixed frequency or triggered under the control of a micro control unit, wherein the signal detection frequency and the signal transmission frequency may be the same or different.
4. A wireless sensing method, comprising:
detecting a load signal and converting the load signal into an electrical signal;
amplifying the converted electrical signal;
analog-to-digital conversion is carried out on the amplified electric signal, and a digital signal is output;
processing the digital signal after analog-to-digital conversion, forming a data packet, and transmitting the data packet according to a preset wireless communication protocol; and
according to the preset mode, each working unit is in a working state, and the steps are executed in the working state;
the method comprises the steps of detecting illumination intensity, using a solar panel to supply power when the illumination intensity is higher than a preset value, and using a battery to supply power when the illumination intensity is lower than the preset value;
the preset modes comprise a periodic sampling mode, a triggering mode and a periodic sampling and triggering mode, and the working unit is controlled to be in a working or dormant state according to the three preset modes;
wherein the signal detection and signal transmission are set to a fixed frequency or controllably triggered, wherein the signal detection frequency may be the same as or different from the signal transmission frequency.
5. The wireless sensing method of claim 4, wherein,
the battery comprises a rechargeable battery and a non-rechargeable battery, and when the illumination intensity is higher than a preset value and the charging condition is met, the rechargeable battery is charged;
the method further comprises the step of detecting the temperature, and when the air temperature is lower than a preset value or the rechargeable battery is lower than a preset electric quantity, the non-rechargeable battery is used for supplying power.
6. A wireless sensor system comprising a wireless sensor according to any one of claims 1-3, and a receiver coupled thereto,
the receiver comprises a transmission unit for communicating with the wireless transmission unit of the wireless sensor, which is always in a receiving state.
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