CN108682931B - A kind of broadband metamaterial unit and wideband MIMO antenna - Google Patents
A kind of broadband metamaterial unit and wideband MIMO antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN108682931B CN108682931B CN201810326846.2A CN201810326846A CN108682931B CN 108682931 B CN108682931 B CN 108682931B CN 201810326846 A CN201810326846 A CN 201810326846A CN 108682931 B CN108682931 B CN 108682931B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P7/00—Resonators of the waveguide type
- H01P7/08—Strip line resonators
- H01P7/082—Microstripline resonators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
- H01Q1/521—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas
- H01Q1/523—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas between antennas of an array
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
- H01Q21/0075—Stripline fed arrays
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
- H01Q21/065—Patch antenna array
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/30—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of broadband metamaterial unit and wideband MIMO antennas, belong to microwave antenna art field.Resonance ring element of the present invention includes resonant ring, medium substrate and metal floor；Resonant ring includes opening apertured annulus and cross structure；By resonant ring unit application in antenna, two mimo antenna is devised；Mimo antenna structure of the present invention is more compact, has broader bandwidth and smaller size.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to microwave antenna art fields, and in particular to a kind of broadband metamaterial unit and wideband MIMO antenna.
Background technique
Multiple-input and multiple-output (multi-input-multi-output:MIMO) technology developed as wireless communication technique
One of journey Novel Communication technology has unique advantage on improving system channel capacity and message transmission rate.With
Mobile terminal is towards the development of compact-sized and miniaturization, so that antenna element must minimize size and mutual
Distance, the reduction of cell spacing, so that mutual coupling increases, to influence the radiation characteristic of antenna.How in a limited space in mention
Isolation between high antenna element has become the problem of urgent need to resolve in mimo antenna technology development process.
Meta Materials (metamaterial) refer to some with the artificial of extraordinary physical property not available for natural material
Composite construction.Former Soviet Union scientist Veselago is by studying Maxwell in the material that dielectric constant and magnetic conductivity are negative simultaneously
Solution of equations, predict will appear in this material such as negative refraction, plate convergence, backward radiation, evanescent wave amplification, it is inverse
Many unusual appearances, this material such as Doppler effect and inverse incision implantation are referred to as Meta Materials, are also double negative materials
Or left-handed material.In addition, Meta Materials further include the negative Meta Materials of list that dielectric constant is negative or magnetic conductivity is negative.The research of Meta Materials
An international research hotspot is had become at present.
There are many researchs that Meta Materials are applied to antenna.It, can be with by rationally designing the structural parameters of Meta Materials
It realizes the promotion of antenna performance, such as improves antenna gain, realize antenna multiple-frequency operation, realize antenna miniaturization and reduce
Mutual coupling etc. between antenna.
For single negative Meta Materials, when being propagated wherein due to electromagnetic wave, propagation constant k is imaginary number, therefore electromagnetic wave presentation declines
Subtract characteristic.Electromagnetism wave energy is penetrated into a distance in material structure, reflects away finally along material surface, and here it is so-called
Evanescent wave.Therefore, when electromagnetic wave incident is to single negative body structure surface, wave can a part be reflected, a part is by electromagnetic material
It absorbs, shows the non-transparency to electromagnetic wave.So single negative Meta Materials can be used between antenna element, by preventing electromagnetism
The propagation of wave is to reduce mutual coupling.
2011, Chih-Chun Hsu et al. was in article " Implementation of Broadband Isolator
Using Metamaterial-Inspired Resonators and a T-Shaped Branch for MIMO
Antennas”[1](IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 2011,59(10):3936-
3939) change the mode of current path, Lai Tigao antenna element in by using rectangular aperture resonant ring and increase T-shape minor matters
Between isolation, and expand the beamwidth of antenna.Antenna structure is as shown in Figure 1, be 0.18 λ in antenna element spacing0(λ0Centered on
The free space wavelength of frequency) when, realize under standard of the isolation higher than 20dB 8% bandwidth, but antenna overall dimensions
Larger (0.87 × 0.44 × 0.007 λ0 3)。
2013, Dimitra A.Ketzaki et al. was in article " Metamaterial-Based Design of
Planar Compact MIMO Monopoles”(IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation,
2013,61 (5): 2758-2766) in, it more fully has studied the rectangle placed between two unit plane single pole sub antennas and opens
Mouth resonant ring, when changing its quantity and disposing way, variation of the antenna element interval from degree.Antenna structure is as shown in Fig. 2, day
Linear dimension is smaller, but bandwidth of the isolation higher than 15dB only has 3%.
The similar research using rectangle or circular open resonant ring Meta Materials is there are also very much, but principle and result Datong District are small
Different, three kinds of size, spacing, bandwidth performances, which fail to reach, to be taken into account.
2017, Xiu Yin Zhang et al. was in article " Compact MIMO Antenna with Embedded
A kind of " π " type decoupling network is proposed in Decoupling Network ", antenna structure is as shown in figure 3, realize planar monopole
The broadband of sub- mimo antenna and miniaturization, relative bandwidth 6.5%, overall dimensions 67.5mm × 50mm × 0.8mm of antenna
(0.78λ0×0.58λ0×0.009λ0), but this decoupling network is substantially also a kind of metamaterial structure.
The advantages that plane single pole sub antenna has size small, and structure is simple, easy to process, but its bandwidth is not also too wide.
The sub- mimo antenna of current planar monopole can't realize the property such as miniaturization, broadband, the compact, high isolation of mimo antenna simultaneously
Energy.Disadvantage main in several documents has as previously stated: size is too big, and antenna element is not compact；The beamwidth of antenna is relatively narrow or coupling
It closes stronger；The floor of different units be it is separated, cannot ensure unified floor reference voltage.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is overcoming above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of broadband metamaterial unit and wideband MIMO are provided
Antenna.
Technical problem proposed by the invention solves in this way:
A kind of broadband Meta Materials resonance ring element, including resonant ring, medium substrate and metal floor；Resonant ring is located at medium
The upper surface of substrate；The size of metal floor is identical as medium substrate, and is located at the lower surface of medium substrate；Resonant ring includes circle
Ring and cross structure；The center of cross structure is overlapped with the center of circle of annulus；The surrounding of cross structure is connect with annulus；Resonant ring exists
The gap of same widths is provided at the annulus of the left and right sides of vertically symmetrical axis and the same position of cross structure；
Adjust its resonance band by adjusting the size in annular radii and gap so that resonant ring unit application in
Different frequency range.
The real part of effective dielectric constant of the resonance ring element in its resonance band is negative value, and the real part of equivalent permeability is
Positive value has the characteristic of single negative Meta Materials, it is possible to by the metamaterial unit be applied to improve mimo antenna unit every
From degree.
A kind of two sub- mimo antennas of unit planar monopole, including two plane single pole sub antennas, two resonance ring elements, Jie
Matter substrate and metal floor；Plane single pole sub antenna and resonance ring element are located at the upper surface of medium substrate；Metal floor erects
Straight length is less than the length of medium substrate, and is located at the lower surface of medium substrate；Two plane single pole sub antenna structures are identical,
It is made of feeder line and monopole radiation patch, the lower end of feed and the lower end of medium substrate are concordant, the upper end of feeder line and monopole
Radiation patch connection；Two plane single pole sub antenna Parallel Symmetrics are placed in the two sides of the vertically symmetrical axis of medium substrate；Two flat
Resonance ring element there are two being placed between the monopole antenna of face；Two resonance ring elements are arranged above and below placement, and its is vertically symmetrical
Axis and the vertically symmetrical overlapping of axles of medium substrate.
A kind of four sub- mimo antennas of unit planar monopole, including four plane single pole sub antennas, four resonance ring elements, Jie
Matter substrate and metal floor；Plane single pole sub antenna and resonance ring element are located at the upper surface of medium substrate；Metal floor is in work
Font, positioned at the lower surface of medium substrate；Four plane single pole sub antenna structures are identical, by feeder line and monopole radiation patch
It constitutes, one end of feed and the edge of medium substrate are concordant, and the upper end of feeder line is connect with monopole radiation patch；Four plane lists
Pole sub-antenna is centrosymmetric placement with 2 × 2；Four resonance ring elements are arranged above and below placement, and its vertically symmetrical axis and medium
The vertically symmetrical overlapping of axles of substrate；
Spacing between adjacent resonance ring element is identical or different, depending on antenna global optimization effect.
The width of feeder line is slightly wider than the width of monopole radiation patch.
The length of monopole radiation patch is λ/4, and λ is the medium wavelength of center frequency.
Antenna port is all made of microstrip-fed mode, and the input impedance of port is 50 ohm.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
Resonance ring element of the present invention can be applied between mimo antenna unit, solve compact narrowband mimo antenna coupling
The problem of closing strong and narrow bandwidth.
Two mimo antenna (Unit two and four unit mimo antennas) of the present invention and existing same type planar monopole
Sub- mimo antenna is compared, and antenna structure proposed by the invention is more compact, has broader bandwidth and smaller size.Antenna
Arrangement and design method can be Antenna Design as reference.Antenna can be applied to MIMO communication, be advantageously implemented high-performance,
The communication system of miniaturization.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the antenna assumption diagram for adding rectangular aperture resonant ring and T-type minor matters in the prior art；
Fig. 2 is that research rectangular aperture resonant ring influences structure chart to antenna in the prior art；
Fig. 3 is π type decoupling network antenna assumption diagram in the prior art；
Fig. 4 is broadband Meta Materials resonant ring cellular construction；
Fig. 5 is the transmission coefficient figure of resonant ring cellular construction；
Fig. 6 is the extraction of resonant ring cell parameters real and imaginary parts, wherein (a) effective dielectric constant, (b) equivalent permeability；
Fig. 7 is the sub- mimo antenna structure chart of two unit planar monopoles, wherein (a) is positive, the back side (b)；
Fig. 8 is the sub- mimo antenna S parameter simulation result diagram of two unit planar monopoles；
Fig. 9 is the sub- mimo antenna directional diagram of two unit planar monopoles, wherein the face (a) E directional diagram, (b) face H directional diagram；
Figure 10 is the sub- mimo antenna structure chart of four unit planar monopoles, wherein (a) is positive, the back side (b)；
Figure 11 is the sub- mimo antenna S parameter simulation result diagram of four unit planar monopoles；
Figure 12 is the sub- mimo antenna directional diagram of four unit planar monopoles, wherein the face (a) E directional diagram, (b) face H directional diagram.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further detailed with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
The present embodiment provides a kind of broadband Meta Materials resonance ring element, structural schematic diagram is as shown in figure 4, include resonance
Ring, medium substrate and metal floor；Resonant ring is located at the upper surface of medium substrate；The size of metal floor and medium substrate phase
Together, and positioned at the lower surface of medium substrate；Resonant ring includes annulus and cross structure；The center of cross structure and the center of circle of annulus
It is overlapped；The surrounding of cross structure is connect with annulus；Annulus and cross structure of the resonant ring in the left and right sides of vertically symmetrical axis
The gap of same widths is provided at same position；
Adjust its resonance band by adjusting the size in annular radii and gap so that resonant ring unit application in
Different frequency range.
It is the size that center frequency point designs the split ring resonator that the present embodiment, which selects 3.5GHz,.The diameter of inner ring is 8.8mm, d
=4.4mm, d2=0.48mm, c=0.15mm, e=0.14mm, d1=3.8mm, by the metamaterial structure in electromagnetic simulation software
Modeling and simulating (being fed using wave port, boundary condition is set as desired electrical wall and ideal magnetic wall) obtains transmission coefficient such as in HFSS
Shown in Fig. 5, by parameter extraction method, the effective dielectric constant and equivalent permeability real part and void of the metamaterial modular construction are obtained
Portion's curve, respectively as shown in Fig. 6 (a), (b).It can be seen from the figure that in 3.25-6.60GHz frequency range, real part of permittivity
For negative, it was demonstrated that designed cellular construction has the characteristic of single negative Meta Materials, by making its resonance band and Antenna Operation frequency
Duan Chonghe can be used to improve the working performance of antenna, improve isolation.
The real part of effective dielectric constant of the resonance ring element in its resonance band is negative value, and the real part of equivalent permeability is
Positive value has the characteristic of single negative Meta Materials, it is possible to by the metamaterial unit be applied to improve mimo antenna unit every
From degree.
A kind of two sub- mimo antennas of unit planar monopole, structural schematic diagram is as shown in fig. 7, comprises two planar monopole
Antenna, two resonance ring elements, medium substrate and metal floor；Plane single pole sub antenna and resonance ring element are located at medium substrate
Upper surface；The vertical length of metal floor is less than the length of medium substrate, and is located at the lower surface of medium substrate；Two planes
Monopole antenna structure is identical, is made of feeder line and monopole radiation patch, holds level with both hands under the lower end of feed and medium substrate
Together, the upper end of feeder line is connect with monopole radiation patch；It is perpendicular that two plane single pole sub antenna Parallel Symmetrics are placed in medium substrate
The two sides of straight symmetry axis；Resonance ring element there are two being placed between two plane single pole sub antennas；Above and below two resonance ring elements
Arrangement is placed, and its vertically symmetrical axis and the vertically symmetrical overlapping of axles of medium substrate.The width of feeder line is slightly wider than monopole radiation patch
The width of piece.Medium substrate material selection FR4 (epoxy resin that dielectric constant is 4.4).The length of monopole radiation patch is
λ/4, λ are the medium wavelength of center frequency.Antenna port is all made of microstrip-fed mode, and the input impedance of port is 50 ohm.
Adjacent two antenna element center spacing is λ0/ 4, λ0For the free space wavelength of center frequency.C1=10.95mm, w=4.2mm, n
=17.7mm, t=17.2mm, d3=0.83mm, a=18mm, L=10.4mm, ws=3mm, f=14.3mm.
Modeling and simulating obtains S parameter in electromagnetic simulation software HFSS and antenna pattern difference is as shown in Figure 8, Figure 9.It
The overall dimensions of line are only 47.5mm × 40mm × 1.6mm, and Antenna Operation isolation in 3.35-3.78GHz frequency range is greater than
15dB and S11Parameter is below -10dB, and relative bandwidth has reached 12.3%, and relative bandwidth of the isolation greater than 20dB reaches
6.6%.Antenna structure is compact, realize antenna miniaturization, broadband, high isolation works fine performance.
A kind of four sub- mimo antennas of unit planar monopole, including four plane single pole sub antennas, four resonance ring elements, Jie
Matter substrate and metal floor；Plane single pole sub antenna and resonance ring element are located at the upper surface of medium substrate；Metal floor is in work
Font, positioned at the lower surface of medium substrate；Four plane single pole sub antenna structures are identical, by feeder line and monopole radiation patch
It constitutes, one end of feed and the edge of medium substrate are concordant, and the upper end of feeder line is connect with monopole radiation patch；Four plane lists
Pole sub-antenna is centrosymmetric placement with 2 × 2；Four resonance ring elements are arranged above and below placement, and its vertically symmetrical axis and medium
The vertically symmetrical overlapping of axles of substrate；Spacing between adjacent resonance ring element is identical.The width of feeder line is slightly wider than monopole radiation patch
The width of piece.Medium substrate material selection FR4 (epoxy resin that dielectric constant is 4.4).D=67mm, monopole radiation patch
Length be λ/4, λ be center frequency medium wavelength.Antenna port is all made of microstrip-fed mode, and the input impedance of port is
50 ohm.Adjacent two antenna element center spacing is λ0/ 4, λ0For the free space wavelength of center frequency.
Modeling and simulating obtains S parameter in electromagnetic simulation software HFSS and antenna pattern difference is as shown in Figure 11,12.It
The overall dimensions of line are only 47.5mm × 67mm × 1.6mm, and Antenna Operation isolation in 3.35-3.9GHz frequency range is greater than 15dB
And S11Parameter is below -10dB, and relative bandwidth has reached 15.7%.Relative bandwidth of the isolation greater than 20dB is 2.8%.Antenna
It is compact-sized, realize antenna miniaturization, broadband, high isolation works fine performance.
The two kinds of mimo antennas proposed are compared with the existing sub- mimo antenna of same type planar monopole, have smaller ruler
The performances such as very little, broader bandwidth, good isolation.Two antennas proposed also demonstrate opening resonance designed by the present invention
Ring element can be applied to improve isolation in mimo antenna, and have broadband character.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of broadband Meta Materials resonance ring element, which is characterized in that including resonant ring, medium substrate and metal floor；Resonance
Ring is located at the upper surface of medium substrate；The size of metal floor is identical as medium substrate, and is located at the lower surface of medium substrate；It is humorous
The ring that shakes includes annulus and cross structure；The center of cross structure is overlapped with the center of circle of annulus；The surrounding and annulus of cross structure connect
It connects；The top and the bottom of annulus and cross structure are at the identical horizontal distance position in the left and right sides apart from the vertically symmetrical axis of resonant ring
It is provided with the gap of same widths.
2. Meta Materials resonance ring element in broadband according to claim 1, which is characterized in that by adjusting annular radii and seam
The size of gap adjusts its resonance band, so that resonant ring unit application is in different frequency range.
3. a kind of two sub- mimo antennas of unit planar monopole, which is characterized in that including two plane single pole sub antennas, two as weighed
Benefit require 1 described in resonant ring, medium substrate and metal floor；Plane single pole sub antenna and resonant ring are located at the upper of medium substrate
Surface；The vertical length of metal floor is less than the length of medium substrate, and is located at the lower surface of medium substrate；Two planar monopoles
Sub-antenna structure is identical, is made of feeder line and monopole radiation patch, and the lower end of feeder line and the lower end of medium substrate are concordant, feedback
The upper end of line is connect with monopole radiation patch；It is vertically symmetrical that two plane single pole sub antenna Parallel Symmetrics are placed in medium substrate
The two sides of axis；Resonant ring there are two being placed between two plane single pole sub antennas；Two resonant rings are arranged above and below placement, and it is perpendicular
Straight symmetry axis and the vertically symmetrical overlapping of axles of medium substrate.
4. a kind of four sub- mimo antennas of unit planar monopole, which is characterized in that including four plane single pole sub antennas, four as weighed
Benefit require 1 described in resonant ring, medium substrate and metal floor；Plane single pole sub antenna and resonant ring are located at the upper of medium substrate
Surface；Metal floor is in I-shaped, positioned at the lower surface of medium substrate；Four plane single pole sub antenna structures are identical, by feedback
Line and monopole radiation patch are constituted, and one end of feeder line and the edge of medium substrate are concordant, and the upper end of feeder line and monopole radiate
Patch connection；Four plane single pole sub antennas are centrosymmetric placement with 2 × 2；Four resonant rings are arranged above and below placement, and it is perpendicular
Straight symmetry axis and the vertically symmetrical overlapping of axles of medium substrate.
5. the sub- mimo antenna of the planar monopole of Unit four according to claim 4, which is characterized in that between adjacent resonant ring
Spacing is identical or different.
6. mimo antenna according to claim 4 or 5, which is characterized in that the width of feeder line is slightly wider than monopole radiation patch
The width of piece.
7. mimo antenna according to claim 4 or 5, which is characterized in that the length of monopole radiation patch is λ/4, and λ is
The medium wavelength of centre frequency.
8. mimo antenna according to claim 4 or 5, which is characterized in that antenna port is all made of microstrip-fed mode, end
The input impedance of mouth is 50 ohm.
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| CN112563742A (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2021-03-26 | 西安朗普达通信科技有限公司 | Novel broadband decoupling antenna housing |
| CN112928455B (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2022-03-01 | 北京邮电大学 | Metamaterial RFID (radio frequency identification) tag antenna |
| CN113410602A (en) * | 2021-06-17 | 2021-09-17 | 东南大学 | Cascade split ring resonator for inhibiting coupling between broadband dual-polarized base station antennas |
| CN113708062B (en) * | 2021-09-13 | 2022-06-03 | 四川大学 | Three-dimensional high-temperature superconducting super-gain antenna based on resonant ring |
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| CN115603050B (en) * | 2022-12-13 | 2023-03-31 | 深圳市鑫龙通信技术有限公司 | Decoupling unit and antenna |
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