CN108681992A - The image interpolation algorithm of laser facula is measured for detector array method - Google Patents
The image interpolation algorithm of laser facula is measured for detector array method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of image interpolation methods measuring laser facula for detector array method, including with：According to the Energy distribution for the existing hot spot that detector is found out, the position of spot center and the size in horizontal vertical direction are primarily determined；It both horizontally and vertically takes sampled point, fitting to obtain Gauss equation by spot center, generates ideal Gaussian distributed image；According to the dimension information obtained from original image, to Gaussian Profile image on the basis of the spot center of original image point, zoom in and out transformation, obtain thick interpolation result；The original image is the energy profile for having hot spot；Smart interpolation result image is obtained to using bilinear interpolation into row interpolation from the region of spot center farther out into row interpolation using Lanczos algorithms by paracentral part to original image；Simple weighted is carried out with smart interpolation two images result to merge, finally obtain interpolation image to obtained thick interpolation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of image processing, especially a kind of figure measuring laser facula for detector array method
As interpolation method.
Background technology
When for measuring laser facula under the environment of far field, common CCD camera lenses can not be complete by complete laser facula region
All standing causes collected information imperfect.Using the detector points tactical deployment of troops, can will detection target surface area it is sufficiently large, will be compared with
The spot signal of large area completely collects, while this method is also to carry out direct contact type measurement to hot spot, compared to
The indirect method of measurement, the intermediate link that advantage is mainly reflected in measurement is few, and signal-to-noise ratio is high, while detector sensitivity is high, rings
Answering property is good, can respond high-speed narrow pulse, accomplishes accurately to measure the information such as the sequential of laser pulse.For a series of after detection
Detector scatterplot signal, needs existing information is converted to intuitive image with certain method and carries out observation analysis, therefore
It needs to original signal into row interpolation.
Image interpolation algorithm is used in Computer Image Processing and computer graphics originally to known piece image
When zooming in and out, rotate, shearing, existing picture element matrix is analyzed, according to certain transformational relation, from known pixels point
Gray value generate unknown pixel point gray value process.Traditional interpolation method lays particular emphasis on the smooth of image, although obtaining
Preferable visual effect, but edge blurry is frequently resulted in, then there are some image interpolations based on edge again in recent years
Algorithm.In traditional images interpolation algorithm, arest neighbors interpolation is in the most universal of early application, but this method actually can be
Many jagged edges and mosaic are introduced in new images.Bilinear interpolation can overcome the shortcomings of nearest neighbor method, but can Degenerate Graphs
The high frequency detail of picture, bicubic and cubic spline interpolation can make newly generated variation of image grayscale more naturally smooth, still
It is more apparent to the ambiguity at edge.
Invention content
It is a kind of to baseline results progress it is an object of the invention to be provided for detector array method measurement gauss laser hot spot
Optimization processing and the image interpolation algorithm of display.
Realize that the technical solution of the object of the invention is：A kind of image measuring laser facula for detector array method
Interpolation method, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
Step 1, the Energy distribution for the existing hot spot found out according to detector primarily determines position and the water of spot center
The size of flat vertical direction；
Step 2, it both horizontally and vertically takes sampled point, fitting to obtain Gauss equation by spot center, generates ideal
Gaussian Profile image；
Step 3, according to the dimension information obtained from original image, it is with the spot center of original image to Gaussian Profile image
Datum mark zooms in and out transformation, obtains thick interpolation result；The original image is the energy profile for having hot spot；
Step 4, use Lanczos algorithms into row interpolation by paracentral part original image, to farther out from spot center
Region using bilinear interpolation into row interpolation, obtain smart interpolation result image；
Step 5, simple weighted is carried out with smart interpolation two images result to the thick interpolation obtained in step 3 and step 4 to melt
It closes, finally obtains interpolation image.
Original image of the present invention is a series of collected scatterplots of detector array, and system carries out interpolation reduction to scatterplot image
Go out complete light spot image, what is considered emphatically is the Gaussian Profile general characteristic of hot spot and the distribution situation of local energy.
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings of the specification.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the image interpolation algorithm block diagram based on Gaussian spot.
Fig. 2 is to choose Gauss curve fitting both horizontally and vertically schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is functional arrangement when Lanczos nuclear parameters select 2,3 respectively, wherein (a) is Lanczos nuclear parameters when being 2
Functional arrangement, (b) functional arrangement when be Lanczos nuclear parameters being 3.
Fig. 4 is piecemeal interpolation method schematic diagram herein.
Specific implementation mode
In conjunction with Fig. 1, a kind of image interpolation method measuring laser facula for detector array method includes the following steps：
Step 1, the Energy distribution for the existing hot spot found out according to detector primarily determines position and the water of spot center
The size of flat vertical direction；
Step 2, it both horizontally and vertically takes sampled point, fitting to obtain Gauss equation by spot center, generates ideal
Gaussian Profile image；According to the dimension information obtained from original image, it is with the spot center of original image to Gaussian Profile image
Datum mark zooms in and out transformation, obtains thick interpolation result；The original image is the energy profile for having hot spot；
Step 4, use Lanczos algorithms into row interpolation by paracentral part original image, to farther out from spot center
Region using bilinear interpolation into row interpolation, obtain smart interpolation result image；
Step 5, simple weighted is carried out with smart interpolation two images result to the thick interpolation obtained in step 3 and step 4 to melt
It closes, finally obtains interpolation image.
In step 1, the spot center of laser facula, the actually center of Energy distribution, therefore use grey scale centre of gravity method
Determine the center of hot spot.
Grey scale centre of gravity method is handled hot spot using the gray value of every bit as its weights, and center of gravity position is eventually found
It sets, formula is as follows：
In above-mentioned formula, (x0,y0) it is to be the spot center position acquired, fijFor (xi,yj) at grey scale pixel value.
In order to reduce operand, the operation to unconcerned region redundancy is removed, setting gray threshold is T, when the gray scale of pixel is big
It just participates in considering when T, otherwise be ignored as.Do not consider whether detector reaches saturation during the test, only chooses gray value
More than the e of maximum gradation value in the width image-2Point again participates in center of gravity operation.It is horizontal, vertical in image after threshold process
Histogram to spot size be gray value be 0 pixel distance, remember horizontal direction spot diameter be hd, vertical direction
Hot spot so far be vd.
Step 2, Gauss curve fitting is both horizontally and vertically being done to spot area respectively by spot center, is obtaining whole pair
The Gaussian Profile correspondence that image totally meets obtains thick interpolation result image to image into row interpolation.
It chooses as follows for fitted Gaussian basic function form：
A, σ in formula2For undetermined parameter, I is gray value, and x is interpolation point at a distance from spot center point.(1) is carried out whole
Reason, can obtain：
As shown in Fig. 2, to pass through central point (x0,y0) level, vertical direction take sampled point respectively.Due to being likely to occur
Calculated spot center (x0,y0) not in integer position, it is selected at this time near center position, horizontal, vertical direction
Pixel as fitting center, at this time x be the point to calculate obtained by center distance.
In view of the detector saturated phenomenon for being possible to occur, the pixel value for avoiding selection zone of saturation is needed.By step 1
The maximum gradation value (i.e. near the maximum gradation value of entad) of whole sub-picture can be obtained, sampled point is chosen and must assure that
In the both sides of maximum pixel value.By qualified pixel all as sampled point.A series of sampling sequence is obtained after sampling
Row：(x1,I1),(x2,I2),...,(xN,IN).X hereinNCurrent sampling point N is had been converted at a distance from spot center.Root
According to least square method, formula (2) can be converted to following form：
Y=ax2+b (3)
The absolute error of sampled point and actual value is represented by：
yn=ln (In) (6)
The error sum of squares of all sampled points can be expressed as：
Local derviation is asked to parameter a and b with (7) respectively, and local derviation is enabled to be equal to 0, then is had：
The solution of a and b can be obtained by above formula：
It is substituted into Gaussian bases according to the parameter that above formula obtains, you can the Gaussian curve result estimated.With the height
Foundation of this function as interpolation, point generates ideal Gaussian distributed image, effective radius centered on the spot center of artwork
For the e of maximum gradation value in artwork-2Times gray value corresponding radius r in the figure.Further according to before the step of obtained water
Flat, the size of vertical direction, it is respectively hd/r, vd/r to find out scaling, is zoomed in and out with spot center coordinate pair image.
Step 3：Paracentral part is leaned on to image, it is more secondary for other using Lanczos algorithms into row interpolation
Region obtains smart interpolation result image using bilinear interpolation into row interpolation；
Lanczos interpolation algorithms are also a kind of interpolation algorithm based on template.Under general occasion, Lanczos algorithms obtain
The result arrived has the distortion factor small, image border sawtooth unobvious, while the advantage that image detail reservation degree is high.In Lanczos
Core L (x) is equivalent to Weight template, it defines influence of each input sample to interpolated value, and principal mode is as follows,
Or
Parameter a is a positive integer, is in general set to 2 or 3, determines the size of kernel, also determines the shape of kernel
Shape.It is the leaf of positive value that the function kernel, which has 2a-1 leaf, centre, and both sides are a-1 positive and negative alternately other leaf.Fig. 3 is indicated
When parameter a is selected as 2,3, the shape of Lanczos cores.As long as it can be seen from the figure that a be a positive integer, Lanczos cores
It is continuous at an arbitrary position, and derivative all exists and continuous at an arbitrary position, therefore can ensure that the signal after interpolation is also continuous
's.In addition, value of the Lanczos cores at each integer x is 0, and value is 1 at x=0, therefore for having had originally
At set point x=i, original signal magnitude will not be changed.
For one-dimensional signal, sample si, i is integer, then the interpolated value of any position S (x) is that x position both sides include
(- a, a) discrete convolution of the sample in section and Lanczos cores acquire,
In above formula, a is the parameter a in L cores,To take first integer on the left of the coordinate x of interpolation position.The formula
What is actually indicated is the value at interpolation position, is folded after Lanczos cores zoom in and out equal to each pixel value of surrounding
Add the result generated jointly.
By above-mentioned definition, the equation can be extended to two-dimensional case, and Lanczos cores have following form at this time,
L (x, y)=L (x) L (y) (13)
In the present invention, in order to save calculation resources, speed is improved, using carrying out different interpolation sides to different regions
Method is into row interpolation.Wherein Lanczos interpolation parameters are selected as 4.The explanation of Interpolation Process combination Fig. 4 of complete image, Ke Yifen
For following two steps：The first step, in the picture centre (x obtained by close calculate0,y0) left and right above and below 6 rows 6 row carry out two
Lanczos interpolation is tieed up, is expressed as blue region in Fig. 4.Second step, to remaining region using linear approach into row interpolation,
It is represented in Fig. 4 the region for yellow.Complete interpolation image may finally be obtained.
Step 4：Simple weighted is carried out to the thick interpolation obtained in step 2 and step 3 with smart interpolation two images result to melt
It closes, finally obtains interpolation result.
Simple weighted fusion is also referred to as pixel weighted mean method, and it is fast that the advantage of this method essentially consists in calculating speed, directly
To pixel operation, exempt complicated transformation etc..It in the present invention, in this way can there is no many edge details
Enough accelerate arithmetic speed, the advantage for the first two interpolation thinking that can also retain.Specific formula is as follows：
If pixel to be fused is x in the image of first time interpolationij, corresponding to be fused in the image of second of interpolation
Pixel is yij, fusion results are f in final imageij, then have
fij=0.4xij+0.6yij (15)
As can be seen from the above equation, the shared component in final result of the image result made of Gauss curve fitting is 40%, and
Curved surface fitting method shared component in final result is 60%.Chief reason is as follows：During Gauss curve fitting interpolation only
The component having chosen both horizontally and vertically is fitted, and has only obtained hot spot overall distribution feature, and there is no entirely by reference to adopting
The pixel value of sampling point, but it contains the characteristic distributions of hot spot on the whole.And interpolation directly is carried out to hot spot pixel, it is to be based on adopting
Interpolation method that the pixel of sampling point is worth to is as a result, the detailed information with image, more close to the local features of hot spot, but interpolation
Algorithm has ignored the Gauss feature of hot spot on the whole, therefore is carrying out simple school to image after interpolation with the result of Gauss curve fitting
Just, it can make result more close to original image.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of image interpolation method measuring laser facula for detector array method, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
Step 1, the Energy distribution for the existing hot spot found out according to detector primarily determines that the position of spot center and level are hung down
Histogram to size；
Step 2, it both horizontally and vertically takes sampled point, fitting to obtain Gauss equation by spot center, generates ideal Gaussian
Distributed image；
Step 3, according to the dimension information obtained from original image, to Gaussian Profile image on the basis of the spot center of original image
Point zooms in and out transformation, obtains thick interpolation result；The original image is the energy profile for having hot spot；
Step 4, use Lanczos algorithms into row interpolation by paracentral part original image, to the area from spot center farther out
Domain, into row interpolation, obtains smart interpolation result image using bilinear interpolation；
Step 5, it carries out simple weighted with smart interpolation two images result to the thick interpolation obtained in step 3 and step 4 to merge, most
Interpolation image is obtained eventually.
2. determining spot center position according to claim 1, which is characterized in that use grey scale centre of gravity method pair in step 1
Original image pixel is handled, and the center of laser facula is obtained.
3. the size of determining hot spot according to claim 1, which is characterized in that with the e of hot spot brightest pixel-2Pixel again
Point be reference point, the point centered on the pixel of the detector nearest from spot center, central point both horizontally and vertically
Find with the closest point of reference point gray value, closest point and central point both horizontally and vertically between pixel make
For sampled point.
4. according to claim 1 do Gauss curve fitting by spot center to original image, which is characterized in that in known hot spot
After heart coordinate, finds the nearest one row and one column sampled point of distance center point and carry out Gauss curve fitting, obtain Gaussian curve equation, it is raw
At Gaussian spot distributed image.
5. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the detailed process of the scale transformation in step 3 is：
Using the ratio of the original spot size information of acquisition and the effective radius of current ideal Gaussian spot distribution as scaling
Ratio, point, both horizontally and vertically in proportion zooms in and out image on the basis of spot center, is not changing artwork
Under the premise of as size, if producing new pixel due to diminution, 0 is assigned.
6. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the weights of smart interpolation result are more than thick interpolation knot in step 5
The weights of fruit.
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Cited By (12)
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| CN109648210A (en) * | 2019-02-14 | 2019-04-19 | 北京志恒达科技有限公司 | Laser burn engraving device and system |
| CN110166798A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-08-23 | 成都东方盛行电子有限责任公司 | A kind of down conversion method and device edited based on 4K HDR |
| CN110398286A (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2019-11-01 | 南京理工大学 | A kind of laser facula restoration methods based on array detection method |
| CN110694186A (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2020-01-17 | 华中科技大学 | Beam spot position method of particle beam therapy device based on hardware Gaussian fitting |
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| CN110694186A (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2020-01-17 | 华中科技大学 | Beam spot position method of particle beam therapy device based on hardware Gaussian fitting |
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| CN111159622A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-05-15 | 北京蛙鸣信息科技发展有限公司 | Missing data-oriented multi-parameter fusion air quality spatial interpolation method and system |
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| CN112488975A (en) * | 2020-12-12 | 2021-03-12 | 南京理工大学 | Restoration display method for non-uniform array detection laser spot image |
| CN112686842B (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-08-24 | 苏州炫感信息科技有限公司 | Light spot detection method and device, electronic equipment and readable storage medium |
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| CN112816187A (en) * | 2021-01-06 | 2021-05-18 | 北京工业大学 | Quality judgment method for laser spots |
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