CN108681790A - A kind of assembly line module partition method towards personalized customization product - Google Patents
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of assembly line module partition methods towards personalized customization product, for the assembly line of product mix, based on the similarity relation and product mix assembly technology similitude between assembly technology assembly manipulation, tooling device and parts, assembly technology similar matrix is established；Fuzzy clustering is carried out to assembly technology similar matrix, generates assembly wire module splitting scheme collection；The assembly wire module splitting scheme collection is evaluated, optimal assembly wire module splitting scheme is obtained.Whole assembly line of different product is divided into several load modules, reasonable construction and adjustment assembly system by the present invention, improves system flexibility and efficiency of assembling.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to assembly system planning technology fields, and in particular to a kind of assembly line towards personalized customization product
Module partition method.
Background technology
In recent years, the raising with social level, market competition are growing more intense with the development of science and technology, modern enterprise face
Face stern challenge.Dynamically the diversification and personalization of changeable market and consumer product demand force manufacturing industry to produce mould
Fundamental change occurs for formula.The product that single volume production product has gradually been personalized is replaced, traditional large-scale production
Mode has also been difficult to meet the needs of market personalization.In order to cope with the challenge in the changeable market of dynamic, modern enterprise is being examined
While considering production cost and quality, it is necessary to which the product for providing diversification is selected to meet the individual demand of client.On a large scale
The personalized customization mode of production is come into being.Extensive personalized customization, according to the individual demand of different clients, with it is low at
Sheet, high efficiency, high quality provide the mode of production of customized product.
Large-scale customization improves the market competitiveness for manufacturing enterprise and provides new approach, also inevitably to traditional
Productive organization brings stern challenge.Large-scale customization require production system have high flexibility, low cost, high efficiency and
The features such as becoming batch, and the manufacture of the assembly line of modern enterprise, group of planes formula and the organizational forms such as unit making all cannot be satisfied it is above-mentioned
It is required that.Meanwhile method of product modular design is widely used in product design process at present, and achieve significantly at
Fruit, but existing production model is difficult to meet the production of modular product and assembly.In order to ensure that assembling process can quickly be rung
Answer customer demand, it is necessary to module division be carried out to traditional assembly line, and according to the assembly wire module of customed product and division, closed
Tissue fittage is managed, system flexibility and efficiency of assembling are improved.
Invention content
In view of this, the present invention provides a kind of assembly line module partition method towards personalized customization product, it will not
Whole assembly line with product is divided into several load modules, reasonable construction and adjustment assembly system, improve system flexibility and
Efficiency of assembling.
The specific implementation mode of the present invention is as follows：
A kind of assembly line module partition method towards personalized customization product, for the assembly line of product mix, it is based on
Similarity relation between assembly technology assembly manipulation, tooling device and parts and product mix assembly technology similitude are established
Assembly technology similar matrix；Fuzzy clustering is carried out to assembly technology similar matrix, generates assembly wire module splitting scheme collection；To institute
It states assembly wire module splitting scheme collection to be evaluated, obtains optimal assembly wire module splitting scheme.
Further, the method for building up of the assembly technology similar matrix is：
According to the similitude of assembly manipulation, assembly equipment between assembling process of products, establishes assembly technology and operate similar square
Battle array, assembly technology operation matrix are the matrix of a n rows n row, and n indicates that the number of assembly technology, the i-th row of matrix or the i-th row are equal
Indicate assembly technology i, matrix element Pij∈ [0,1] indicates technique i and the assembly manipulation of technique j and the similitude of tooling device,nijIndicate the quantity of technique i and technique j similar operations, NijIndicate the quantity of technique i and all operations of technique j；
According to the similitude between the assembly parts between assembly technology, assembly technology parts similar matrix is established, is filled
With the matrix that technique parts matrix is a n rows n row, matrix element Cij∈ [0,1] indicates that technique i and technique j assembles zero
The similitude of component,mijIndicate the quantity of technique i parts similar with technique j, MijIndicate technique i and technique j
The quantity of all parts；
According to different product technique similitude, assembling process of products similar matrix, assembling process of products similar matrix are established
For the matrix of a n rows n row, matrix element Sij∈ [0,1] indicates the similitude of different product assembly technology,lij
Indicate the quantity of the product category comprising technique i and technique j, LijIndicate the quantity of all product categories；
Determine assembly technology operation similar matrix, assembly technology parts similar matrix and assembling process of products similar matrix
Weight, build assembly technology similar matrix.
Further, the weight is determined according to expert Evaluation Method.
Further, the method for evaluation assembly wire module splitting scheme collection is：
Determine assembly line splitting scheme evaluation index：Similitude, intermodule independence, assembly complexity, mould in module
Block redundancy, and determine each evaluation criterion weight using expert Evaluation Method；
Each assembly wire module splitting scheme is compared and is evaluated according to evaluation index, determines each assembly wire module
The score of splitting scheme；
For evaluation criterion weight, wire module splitting scheme, optimum scheme comparison are relatively respectively assembled.
Advantageous effect：
The present invention is analyzed by the similarity relationships to product mix assembly technology, is converted into using by engineering problem
The thought that fabric problem solves, divides load module using fuzzy matrix method, and generate load module splitting scheme
Collection.Splitting scheme is compared and is analyzed using integrated evaluating method, determines that assembly wire module divides optimal case.Pass through this
Method carries out assembly wire module and divides, and whole assembly line of different product is divided into several load modules according to similitude.
The load module of division can be with the corresponding assembly manipulation of complete independently and function, and inside modules have a higher similitude, and mould
There is higher independence between block.Enterprise can be directed to different product category and batch, select suitable load module
Type and quantity, reasonable construction and adjustment assembly system, complete the assembly of different configuring products, to improve the soft of assembly system
Property and response speed to customer demand, reduce the complexity of assembly system, improve the efficiency of assembling of assembly system.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the similarity matrix of product mix；
Fig. 2 is the module splitting scheme collection of product mix；
Fig. 3 is final assembly system module splitting scheme.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
The assembly system of certain class product different configuration of gearbox and rear axle assembles four kinds of different configuration of products, production altogether
Product and its assembly station are as shown in table 1.
1 Product Assembly station allocation list of table
Since different product assembly technology has differences, the mould of assembly system can not be carried out by simple correlation analysis
Block divides.And traditional splitting scheme lacks scientific and effective Method and kit for assembly system more directed in product module
System and assembly technology carry out module division.
The present invention provides a kind of assembly system module partition methods towards personalized customization product, first, for mixed
Product Assembly process is closed, according to the similarity relation and different product between assembly technology assembly manipulation, tooling device and parts
Technique similitude, establish assembly technology similar matrix SMAP (Similarity matrix of assembly
processes)；With fuzzy clustering method, fuzzy clustering is carried out to assembly technology similar matrix, assembly system module is generated and draws
Offshoot program collection；Finally, it is realized towards a in conjunction with assembly system module characteristic and flexible manufacturing demand with integrated evaluating method
Property customed product assembly wire module divide.It is as follows：
Step 1：Establish assembly technology similar matrix SMAP：
Step 1.1：According to the similitude of assembly manipulation, assembly equipment between assembling process of products, assembly technology behaviour is established
Make similar matrix SMAPP (Similarity matrix of assembly processes procedure).SMAPP matrixes
For the matrix of 20 rows 20 row, the i-th row of matrix or the i-th row indicate assembly technology i, matrix element Pij∈ [0,1] indicates work
The technological operation of skill i and technique j and the similitude of tooling device,nijIndicate technique i and technique j similar operations
Quantity, NijIndicate the quantity of technique i and all operations of technique j；If assembly manipulation is identical with tooling device, matrix element
Plain Pij=1.
If Fig. 1 (1) assembly technologies for showing product mix operate similar matrix, with technique 1 (packing of gear-box axle class)
For technique 2 (packing of rear axle beam class), gear and the attended operation of clamp spring and the press fitting of bearing, basic assembly behaviour are completed
Work and assembly equipment all same used, so matrix element P12=1；And for technique 1 (packing of gear-box axle class) and work
Skill 3 (gearbox jackshaft, output shaft assembly), technique 1 executes gear and the installation operation of clamp spring and the press fitting of bearing, mainly
Including gear installation operation twice, clamp spring installation operation twice, bearing press mounting operation twice, the equipment of utilization is predominantly pressed
Machine.And technique 3 execute gear installation operation twice, the installation of axis class twice and bearing press mounting operation twice, the equipment master of utilization
To be pressing machine and hanging device, the number that operates of technique 1 and technique 3 totally 12 times, and similar operation only has gear to install 2 times
With bearing press mounting 2 times, so matrix element P13=4/12 ≈ 0.3.
Step 1.2：According to the similitude between the assembly parts between assembly technology, it is similar to establish assembly technology parts
Property matrix SMAPC (Similarity matrix of assembly processes components).SMAPC matrixes are one
The matrix that a 20 row 20 arranges, the i-th row of matrix or the i-th row indicate assembly technology i, matrix element Cij∈ [0,1] indicates technique i and work
The similitude of the assembled parts of skill j,mijIndicate the quantity of technique i parts similar with technique j, MijIt indicates
The quantity of technique i and all parts of technique j；If parts are identical, matrix element Cij=1.
If Fig. 1 (2) show the assembly technology parts similar matrix of product mix, with (the gear-box axle class point of technique 1
Dress) and technique 2 (packing of rear axle beam class) for, technique 1 progress gear-box axle class packaging operation, technique 2 progress rear axle reference axis
The parts of generic operation, assembly differ substantially, so matrix element P12=0, and for technique 1 (packing of gear-box axle class) and
Technique 3 (gearbox jackshaft, output shaft assembly), technique 1 need to complete jackshaft, output shaft, three kinds of gears, two class clamp springs,
The installation of 10 kinds of parts such as two class bearings, and technique 3 executes gearbox jackshaft, output shaft, three kinds of gears, two class clamp springs and three
11 kinds of part installations such as class bearing, and include 10 kinds of parts performed by technique 1, so matrix element P12=10/11 ≈
0.9；And for technique 13 (packing of hydraulic pressure transfer case), technique 14 (hydraulic pressure transfer case leakage test) and (the hydraulic pressure transfer of technique 15
Case general assembly), it is respectively completed the packing, leakage and general assembly of hydraulic pressure transfer case, so matrix element P12=1.
Step 1.3：According to different product technique similitude, assembling process of products similar matrix SMPP is established
(similarity matrix of products processes).SMPP matrixes are the matrix of 20 rows 20 row, matrix the
I rows or the i-th row indicate assembly technology i, matrix element Sij∈ [0,1] indicates the similitude of the different product technique,
lijIndicate the quantity of the product category comprising technique i and technique j, LijIndicate the quantity of all product categories；If different product
Technique is similar, then matrix element Sij=1.
If Fig. 1 (3) show the assembling process of products similar matrix of product mix, technique 1 (packing of gear-box axle class) exists
Exist in four kinds of products, so matrix element P12=1；Technique 13 (packing of hydraulic pressure transfer case) is only in two kinds of products (3,4)
Exist, so matrix element P12=2/4=0.5.
Step 1.4：For SMAPP matrixes, SMAPC matrixes and SMPP matrixes, each matrix is determined using expert Evaluation Method
Weight, structure assembly technology similar matrix SMAP.
If Fig. 1 (4) show the assembly technology similar matrix of product mix, table 2 indicates that Assessment of Important grade, table 3 are
The evaluation of five experts determines the weight of each index, wherein w by calculating1=0.4, w2=0.4, w3=0.2.
SMAP=0.4 × SMAPP+0.4 × SMAPC+0.2 × SMPP
2 Assessment of Important grade of table
3 expert assessment method of table
Step 2：Fuzzy clustering is carried out, assembly wire module splitting scheme collection is generated and is specifically included as follows using existing method
Step：
Step 2.1：Fuzzy similarity matrix is built using subtrabend's absolute value method-Euclidean distance based on normalized matrix.
Step 2.2：Based on fuzzy similarity matrix, calculating matrix transitive closure converts fuzzy similarity matrix to fuzzy etc.
Valence matrix.
Step 2.3：The λ intercept battle arrays of calculating fuzzy equivalent matrix, the classification factor of λ expression progress clusterings, λ ∈ [0,
1]。
Step 2.4：According to λ intercept battle arrays, assembly technology module division is carried out, builds load module splitting scheme collection, Fig. 2 tables
Show several feasible splitting schemes and its corresponding λ value, indicates that its technique is divided into a load module in frame.
Step 3：Overall merit is carried out to assembly wire module splitting scheme collection, selects optimal assembly wire module splitting scheme.
Step 3.1：Determine assembly line splitting scheme evaluation index：Similitude, intermodule independence, assembly are complicated in module
Degree, modular redundancy, similitude refers to each load module mounted inside operation divided, assembly equipment and is filled in module
Similarity degree between the parts matched；Intermodule independence refers to assembly manipulation, assembly equipment and being filled between load module
Difference degree between the parts matched；Assembly complexity refers to that the load module divided carries out the complicated journey of Product Assembly
Degree.Division module quantity is excessive, then entire assembling process is complex, meanwhile, if many techniques are divided into a module,
Assembly manipulation is excessively complicated in module, and entire assembling process complexity is higher；Modular redundancy refers to the assembly for judging to divide
Whether module can merge, if the two load module similarity degrees divided are excessively high, can carry out module merging, module
Splitting scheme redundancy is high.
Each index is evaluated according to table 2 using expert Evaluation Method, determines the division weight of each evaluation index, such as table
4 show the evaluation of four experts, and by calculating, weighted value is 0.25 in present case.
4 evaluation index expert assessment method of table
Step 3.2：According to evaluation index, each assembly wire module splitting scheme is compared and is evaluated, is referred to according to evaluation
Mark determines the Satisfaction index of each scheme, is evaluation index satisfaction metering method as shown in table 5.By taking λ=0.787 as an example, such as
5 modules are divided into shown in Fig. 2 altogether, technique 1~8 is divided into a module, and modular redundancy is good, and intermodule independence is good, but
Technique 1, technique 3,6 similitude of technique are poor in the module, so similitude is poor in module；It is built-in with complicated for operation with egf block
Degree is higher, and entire assembling process complexity is strong, and evaluation result is as shown in table 6.Other schemes are also evaluated accordingly.
5 evaluation index satisfaction of table
Step 3.3：For evaluation criterion weight, more each evaluation of programme, selection assembly wire module divides optimal case, comments
The results are shown in Table 6 for valence, it can be seen that overall merit highest scoring when λ=0.851, so select the evaluation of programme.
6 splitting scheme evaluation table of table
Each assembly technology is combined by this example according to assembly technology similarity relationships, and it includes 10 module to be formed
The assembly wire module splitting scheme { 1,2 } of collection, { 3,4,5 }, { 6 }, { 7,8 }, { 9,10 }, { 11 }, { 12 }, { 13,14,15 },
{ 16,17,18 }, { 19,20 }, as shown in Figure 3.
In conclusion the above is merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, being not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should be included in the present invention's
Within protection domain.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of assembly line module partition method towards personalized customization product, which is characterized in that be directed to the dress of product mix
Wiring, based on the similarity relation and product mix assembly technology phase between assembly technology assembly manipulation, tooling device and parts
Like property, assembly technology similar matrix is established；Fuzzy clustering is carried out to assembly technology similar matrix, generates assembly wire module division side
Case collection；The assembly wire module splitting scheme collection is evaluated, optimal assembly wire module splitting scheme is obtained.
2. the assembly line module partition method towards personalized customization product as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described
The method for building up of assembly technology similar matrix is：
According to the similitude of assembly manipulation, assembly equipment between assembling process of products, assembly technology operation similar matrix, dress are established
With the matrix that technique operation matrix is a n rows n row, n indicates that the number of assembly technology, the i-th row of matrix or the i-th row indicate dress
With technique i, matrix element Pij∈ [0,1] indicates technique i and the assembly manipulation of technique j and the similitude of tooling device,nijIndicate the quantity of technique i and technique j similar operations, NijIndicate the quantity of technique i and all operations of technique j；
According to the similitude between the assembly parts between assembly technology, assembly technology parts similar matrix, assembler are established
Skill parts matrix is the matrix of a n rows n row, matrix element Cij∈ [0,1] indicates the assembled parts of technique i and technique j
Similitude,mijIndicate the quantity of technique i parts similar with technique j, MijIndicate that technique i and technique j is all
The quantity of parts；
According to different product technique similitude, assembling process of products similar matrix is established, assembling process of products similar matrix is one
The matrix of a n rows n row, matrix element Sij∈ [0,1] indicates the similitude of different product assembly technology,lijIt indicates
Include the quantity of the product category of technique i and technique j, LijIndicate the quantity of all product categories；
Determine the power of assembly technology operation similar matrix, assembly technology parts similar matrix and assembling process of products similar matrix
Weight builds assembly technology similar matrix.
3. the assembly line module partition method towards personalized customization product as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that described
Weight is determined according to expert Evaluation Method.
4. the assembly line module partition method towards personalized customization product as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that evaluation
Assembly wire module splitting scheme collection method be：
Determine assembly line splitting scheme evaluation index：Similitude, intermodule independence, assembly complexity, module are superfluous in module
Remaining, and determine each evaluation criterion weight using expert Evaluation Method；
Each assembly wire module splitting scheme is compared and is evaluated according to evaluation index, determines that each assembly wire module divides
The score of scheme；
For evaluation criterion weight, wire module splitting scheme, optimum scheme comparison are relatively respectively assembled.
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| CN110929949A (en) * | 2019-11-30 | 2020-03-27 | 温州大学 | Method for obtaining optimal module assembly scheme on garment production line |
| CN111915153A (en) * | 2020-07-11 | 2020-11-10 | 天津大学 | Method for dividing reconfigurable manufacturing system workpiece family by considering multiple indexes |
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