CN108681032B - Large-breadth long-wave infrared optical passive athermal fisheye lens - Google Patents

Large-breadth long-wave infrared optical passive athermal fisheye lens Download PDF

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CN108681032B
CN108681032B CN201810426457.7A CN201810426457A CN108681032B CN 108681032 B CN108681032 B CN 108681032B CN 201810426457 A CN201810426457 A CN 201810426457A CN 108681032 B CN108681032 B CN 108681032B
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lens
object side
image side
wave infrared
optical passive
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CN108681032A (en
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梁思远
朱敏
吴玉堂
王国力
刘旭东
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Nanjing Wavelength Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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Nanjing Wavelength Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B13/00Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
    • G02B13/001Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras
    • G02B13/0015Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras characterised by the lens design
    • G02B13/002Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras characterised by the lens design having at least one aspherical surface
    • G02B13/004Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras characterised by the lens design having at least one aspherical surface having four lenses
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B1/00Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B13/00Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
    • G02B13/001Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras
    • G02B13/008Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras designed for infrared light
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B13/00Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
    • G02B13/04Reversed telephoto objectives
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B13/00Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
    • G02B13/06Panoramic objectives; So-called "sky lenses" including panoramic objectives having reflecting surfaces
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B13/00Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
    • G02B13/14Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below for use with infrared or ultraviolet radiation

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
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Abstract

The application discloses a large-format long-wave infrared optical passive athermal fisheye lens, which comprises a first lens, a second lens, a third lens and a fourth lens which are sequentially arranged from an object side to a target surface; the first lens is a negative focal power lens with a convex surface facing the object side; the second lens is a positive focal power lens with a convex surface facing the object side; the third lens is a negative focal power lens with a convex surface facing the object side; the fourth lens is a positive focal power lens with a convex surface facing the object side. The application adopts the technology of optical passive heat difference elimination, the angle of view of the diagonal line can reach 180 degrees, the temperature change range is-40 degrees to +60 degrees, and the application is suitable for occasions with larger temperature change ranges such as forest fire prevention monitoring, public security, edge protection warning and the like, and has high reliability; the imaging breadth is large, and the imaging system can be used for 640 cores, and the light quantity of an optical system is large.

Description

Large-breadth long-wave infrared optical passive athermal fisheye lens
Technical Field
The application relates to a large-format long-wave infrared optical passive athermalization fisheye lens, and belongs to the field of passive athermalization fisheye lenses.
Background
The long-wave infrared fisheye lens is a special lens with the angle of view reaching more than 180 degrees, has important effects on forest fire prevention monitoring, public security, side protection warning and the like, has a large temperature change range in the special occasions, leads to the reduction of image quality of the target surface of the optical system along with temperature deviation, and is necessary to adopt a athermal design for the optical system;
CN 106547074A discloses a five-piece type infrared fisheye lens; CN 204462517U discloses a three-plate 150-degree fisheye long-wave infrared lens, both of which do not relate to an optical passive athermal technique;
the lens with the heat difference elimination disclosed in the prior art has smaller field angle or small movement target surface, such as: the angle of view published by CN 103852863a is about 35 °; the field angle published by CN103995344a is about 15.24 ° x11.46 °; CN 106405800A published detector: long wave infrared uncooled 160 x 120,25um, field angle 43 x 32.
The wide-angle optical passive athermalization infrared optical lens published in CN 201096959Y and the dual-band athermalization infrared fisheye optical system design published in infrared and laser engineering Vol.43No.10 by the following year 10 in 2014 are all aimed at the refrigeration type movement design, and in order to ensure 100% cold diaphragm efficiency, an aperture diaphragm of the system is overlapped with a cold screen of the movement. With the continuous progress of technology, the uncooled long-wave infrared movement develops towards a large target surface and high pixels, meanwhile, with the increase of the angle of view and the relative aperture, the track difference of the light path of the large field of view and the small field of view is larger, so that the difficulty of the optical passive athermalization of the large target surface long-wave infrared fisheye lens is larger, the F number (focal length/system aperture) of the system disclosed by the dual-band athermalization infrared fisheye optical system design of the Sunsma et al is 2.68, 7 lenses are used, and the image quality evaluation is general.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects of small field angle of the athermal lens or small target surface of the movement in the prior art, the application provides a large-format long-wave infrared optical passive athermal fisheye lens, which is suitable for 640x480 infrared movements.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the application is as follows:
a large-format long-wave infrared optical passive athermal fisheye lens comprises a first lens, a second lens, a third lens and a fourth lens which are sequentially arranged from an object side to a target surface;
the first lens is a negative focal power lens with a convex surface facing the object side;
the second lens is a positive focal power lens with a convex surface facing the object side;
the third lens is a negative focal power lens with a convex surface facing the object side;
the fourth lens is a positive focal power lens with a convex surface facing the object side.
The large-breadth long-wave infrared optical passive athermalization fish glasses effectively solve the defects that an athermalization lens in the prior art is small in angle of view or a movement target surface is small.
Further, the focal length f' of the infrared fisheye lens is shorter, and in order to ensure the back working distance BFL, the application adopts a reverse shooting far structure, and the following conditions are satisfied: BFL/f' >1.4; -3< f1'/f' <0;2< f2'/f' <4; wherein f1' is the focal length of the first lens; f2' is the combined focal length of the second, third and fourth lenses; f' is the lens combined focal length; BFL is the post working distance.
Optical systems with rear working distances greater than the focal length are collectively referred to as retroactive tele structures.
Furthermore, in order to correct aberration and eliminate the influence of temperature change, germanium is matched with chalcogenide glass material, and the first lens is made of high-refractive-index germanium glass, so that aberration correction is facilitated, and meanwhile, a hard carbon film is conveniently plated on the front surface; the second lens, the third lens and the fourth lens all adopt chalcogenide glass with lower refractive index temperature change coefficient dn/dT for eliminating adverse effect of temperature change on image quality.
Further, the working wave band applicable to the large-format long-wave infrared optical passive athermal fisheye lens is 8-12um. The F-number of the optical system is equal to 1.0 (F/# = 1.0), F/# = F '/D, where F' is the system focal length, D is the system aperture stop diameter, and the smaller the F-number, the larger the system light flux. The angle of view of the diagonal line is not less than 180 DEG, and the temperature variation range is-40 DEG to +60 deg.
The lens is from an object side to an image side, and two surfaces of a first lens L1 are an object side surface S1 and an image side surface S2 in sequence; two surfaces of the second lens L2 are an object side surface S3 and an image side surface S4 in sequence; the two surfaces of the third lens L3 are an object side surface S5 and an image side surface S6 in sequence; the two surfaces of the fourth lens L4 are an object side surface S7 and an image side surface S8 in sequence; the object side surface S1 is a spherical surface, and the image side surface S2 is an aspherical surface; the object side surface S3 is an aspheric surface, and the image side surface S4 is a diffraction surface; the object side surface S5 is an aspheric surface, and the image side surface S6 is an aspheric surface; the object side surface S7 is an aspherical surface, and the image side surface S8 is an aspherical surface.
In order to further secure the angle of view and the effect of eliminating the heat difference, it is preferable that the radius of curvature of the object side surface S1 is 61.43mm or 36.24mm, and the radius of curvature of the image side surface S2 is 24.01mm or 19.38mm; the radius of curvature of the object side S3 is 29.89mm or 25.94mm, and the radius of curvature of the image side S4 is 1537.76mm or 53.75mm; the radius of curvature of the object side S5 is-326.32 mm or 37.32mm, and the radius of curvature of the image side S6 is 37.17mm or 40.22mm; the radius of curvature of the object side surface S7 is 27.69mm or 50.08mm, and the radius of curvature of the image side surface S8 is 82.02mm or 65.38mm.
To further secure the angle of view, it is preferable that the outer diameter of the object side surface S1 is 42mm or 52mm, and the outer diameter of the image side surface S2 is 30mm or 38mm; the outer diameter of the object side surface S3 is 30mm or 30mm, and the outer diameter of the image side surface S4 is 30mm or 27mm; the outer diameter of the object side surface S5 is 22mm or 22mm, and the outer diameter of the image side surface S6 is 19mm or 21mm; the outer diameter of the object side surface S7 is 19mm or 23mm, and the outer radius of the image side surface S8 is 22mm or 23mm.
The outer diameter of each side of each lens refers to the diameter of the outer circle (edge of a circle) of each lens.
In order to further secure the imaging effect, it is preferable that the center thickness of the first lens is 5mm or 2.5mm, the center thickness of the second lens is 8mm, the center thickness of the third lens is 2.5mm, and the center thickness of the fourth lens is 3.7mm or 5.3mm; the spacing between the first lens and the second lens is 44.2mm or 54.3mm; the spacing between the second lens and the third lens is 7.5mm or 14.5mm; the spacing between the third lens and the fourth lens is 5mm or 1.7mm.
The above-mentioned interval refers to the interval between the centers of the adjacent two faces of the adjacent two lenses.
The technology not mentioned in the present application refers to the prior art.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the following advantages:
1. the system F number is equal to 1.0 and the light quantity is large by adopting an optical passive heat difference elimination technology; the angle of view of the diagonal line can reach 180 degrees, the temperature change range is-40 degrees to +60 degrees, and the method is suitable for occasions with larger temperature change ranges such as forest fire prevention monitoring, public security, side guard and warning and the like, and has high reliability;
2. the imaging breadth is large, the imaging system can be used for a non-refrigeration 640 movement, and the light quantity of an optical system is large;
3. further, the first sheet adopts germanium, so that a hard carbon film is conveniently plated; the latter three sheets use chalcogenide glass, which has obvious advantages in material cost, can be precisely molded during mass production, can reduce processing cost and has wide market prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a long-wave infrared heat difference eliminating fish-eye lens according to embodiment 1;
fig. 2 is a graph of MTF at 20 ° for specific example 1;
FIG. 3 is a graph of MTF at-40 for example 1;
fig. 4 is a MTF plot at 60 ° for specific example 1;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing curvature of field and distortion at 20℃for example 1;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a long-wave infrared heat difference elimination fish-eye lens according to embodiment 2;
fig. 7 is a graph of MTF at 20 ° for specific example 2;
FIG. 8 is a graph of MTF at-40 for example 2;
fig. 9 is a MTF plot at 60 ° for specific example 2;
FIG. 10 is a graph showing curvature of field and distortion at 20℃for example 2;
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the present application, the following examples are further illustrated, but are not limited to the following examples.
Example 1
Example 1 applicable band 8-12um, F number 1.0, angle of view 180℃on diagonal
As shown in fig. 1, the large-format long-wave infrared athermal fisheye lens is arranged in order from the object to the image along the optical axis OO': a first lens L1 having negative optical power, a second lens L2 having positive optical power, a third lens L3 having negative optical power, a fourth lens L4 having positive optical power, and an imaging surface S9.
From the object side to the image side, two surfaces of the first lens L1 are an object side surface S1 and an image side surface S2; two surfaces of the second lens L2 are an object side surface S3 and an image side surface S4; two surfaces of the third lens L3 are an object side surface S5 and an image side surface S6; the fourth lens element L4 has an object-side surface S7 and an image-side surface S8;
the first lens L1 adopts germanium, the refractive index of the germanium is as high as 4.0, aberration correction is facilitated, and a hard carbon film is plated in a process conveniently;
the second, third and fourth lenses use chalcogenide glass, the refractive index of the chalcogenide glass is smaller along with the temperature change coefficient dn/dT, and the chalcogenide glass and reasonable focal power distribution can realize a good heat difference eliminating function in an optical system. The method has obvious advantages in material cost, can carry out precise die pressing during mass production, can reduce processing cost, and has wide market prospect.
The focal length f' of the optical system is short, and the back working distance BFL is ensured by adopting a reverse shooting remote structure, so that the requirement of the optical system is satisfied
BFL/f’>1.4;
-3<f1’/f’<0;
2<f2’/f’<4
Wherein f1' is the focal length of the first lens; f2' is the combined focal length of the second, third and fourth lenses; f' is the lens combined focal length;
FIGS. 2-4 are graphs of optical transfer functions of the optical system at temperatures of-40 °, +20°, and +60°, representing the integrated resolution level of the optical system as a function of temperature, for 30 line-to-resolution with a 640x480 17 μm (pixel size) detector; the long wave infrared optical system can correct various aberrations, which is enough to meet the requirement of optical passive athermalization. Fig. 5 is a graph of field curvature and distortion for this example, field curvature less than 0.05mm, distortion 100%.
Table 1 specific parameters of example 1
The mirror numbers in the table above correspond to the mirror numbers in fig. 1; the pitch corresponding to S1 refers to the center thickness of the lens L1, the pitch corresponding to S2 refers to the pitch between the center of S2 and the center of S3, the pitch corresponding to S3 refers to the center thickness of L2, the pitch corresponding to S4 refers to the pitch between the center of S4 and the center of S5, the pitch corresponding to S5 refers to the center thickness of L3, the pitch corresponding to S6 refers to the pitch between the center of S6 and the center of S7, the pitch corresponding to S7 refers to the center thickness of L4, and the pitch corresponding to S8 refers to the pitch between the center of S8 and the center of S9. The outer diameter refers to the diameter of the outer circle of each mirror surface;
the aspherical equation employed in table 1:
wherein the meaning of the amounts is as follows:
ZA: the aspherical surface is higher than the lens vector in the optical axis direction;
r: radius of curvature at the intersection of the surface and the optical axis OO';
y: the half caliber of the lens is vertical to the optical axis direction;
k: a conic coefficient;
A. b, C, D, E area coefficient; the specific coefficients are shown in Table 2
Table 2 example 1 aspherical coefficients
Aspherical surface K A B C D E
S2 0 6.1524E-06 1.4483E-08 4.0109E-11 -1.0301E-14 0.0000E+00
S3 0 -3.0638E-06 -3.1206E-09 -1.4950E-11 2.3336E-14 -7.2790E-17
S4 0 6.0031E-06 -3.1708E-08 3.0993E-12 -4.1018E-14 1.0558E-16
S5 0 3.5979E-05 5.7854E-07 -1.7845E-09 4.2412E-12 6.2941E-15
S6 0 -2.1740E-07 3.7535E-07 -1.6010E-09 4.7633E-12 -2.3518E-14
S7 0 -1.7351E-05 -2.1554E-07 -3.4582E-09 -4.5131E-11 4.0909E-15
S8 0 -2.3900E-07 -5.9903E-07 -4.4707E-09 4.1554E-11 1.7745E-15
Table 3 shows the diffraction plane coefficients of example 1
The diffraction plane equation used in table 1 is:
Φ=A 1 Y 2 +A 2 Y 4 +A 3 Y 6
wherein:
Φ: is the phase of the diffraction plane;
y: the half caliber of the lens is vertical to the optical axis direction;
a1, A2, A3 diffraction plane phase coefficients.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 6, basically the same as in example 1, except that: when the angle of view is further increased, the curvature of the first lens L1 is increased, and the diagonal angle of view in this embodiment may reach 184 °, band 8-12um, and f number 1.0.
TABLE 4 specific parameters of example 2
The mirror number in the table above corresponds to the mirror number in fig. 6; the pitch corresponding to S1 refers to the center thickness of the lens L1, the pitch corresponding to S2 refers to the pitch between the center of S2 and the center of S3, the pitch corresponding to S3 refers to the center thickness of L2, the pitch corresponding to S4 refers to the pitch between the center of S4 and the center of S5, the pitch corresponding to S5 refers to the center thickness of L3, the pitch corresponding to S6 refers to the pitch between the center of S6 and the center of S7, the pitch corresponding to S7 refers to the center thickness of L4, and the pitch corresponding to S8 refers to the pitch between the center of S8 and the center of S9. The outer diameter refers to the diameter of the outer circle of each mirror surface;
the aspherical equation employed in table 4:
wherein the meaning of the amounts is as follows:
ZA: the aspherical surface is higher than the lens vector in the optical axis direction;
r: radius of curvature at the intersection of the surface and the optical axis OO';
y: the half caliber of the lens is vertical to the optical axis direction;
k: a conic coefficient;
A. b, C, D, E area coefficient; the specific coefficients are shown in Table 5
TABLE 5
Aspherical surface K A B C D E
S2 0 -7.5441E-07 7.2758E-08 -3.0958E-10 2.8644E-13 -3.7771E-16
S3 0 3.2900E-06 -6.6684E-11 -3.5349E-11 5.2302E-13 -7.7637E-16
S4 0 2.5551E-06 -5.0328E-08 6.7899E-12 -3.7085E-15 -1.0221E-15
S5 0 -1.0902E-05 -5.1116E-07 -1.0263E-09 2.3462E-11 -9.0051E-14
S6 0 -8.5944E-07 -6.7085E-07 1.7643E-09 -4.4825E-12 9.2697E-14
S7 0 4.7857E-05 -1.1506E-07 -1.2690E-09 -6.1174E-12 5.2086E-17
S8 0 -6.3695E-06 -4.5595E-08 -4.2723E-09 1.4049E-11 1.6082E-16
Table 4 example II uses the diffraction plane coefficients as shown in Table 6
Table 6 shows the diffraction plane coefficients of example 2
The diffraction plane equation used in example 2 is:
Φ=A 1 Y 2 +A 2 Y 4 +A 3 Y 6
wherein:
Φ: is the phase of the diffraction plane;
y: the half caliber of the lens is vertical to the optical axis direction;
a1, A2, A3 diffraction plane phase coefficients.
FIGS. 7-8 are graphs of optical transfer functions of the optical system of example 2 at temperatures of-40, +20, +60, representing the overall resolution level of the optical system as a function of temperature, for 30 line-pairs of resolution in combination with 640x480 17 μm detector requirements; the long wave infrared optical system can correct various aberrations, which is enough to meet the requirement of optical passive athermalization. Fig. 10 is a graph of field curvature and distortion for this example, field curvature less than 0.1mm, distortion 100%.

Claims (7)

1. A large-format long-wave infrared optical passive athermal fisheye lens is characterized in that: the lens comprises a first lens, a second lens, a third lens and a fourth lens which are sequentially arranged from the object side to the target surface;
the first lens is a negative focal power lens with a convex surface facing the object side;
the second lens is a positive focal power lens with a convex surface facing the object side;
the third lens is a negative focal power lens with a convex surface or a concave surface facing the object side;
the fourth lens is a positive focal power lens with a convex surface facing the object side;
four lenses of the large-breadth long-wave infrared optical passive athermal fisheye lens with focal power are provided;
the large-breadth long-wave infrared optical passive athermal fisheye lens meets the following conditions: BFL/f' >1.4; -3< f1'/f' <0;2< f2'/f' <4; wherein f1' is the focal length of the first lens; f2' is the combined focal length of the second, third and fourth lenses; f' is the lens combined focal length; BFL is the post working distance;
the first lens adopts germanium glass; the second lens, the third lens and the fourth lens are all made of chalcogenide glass;
the F number of the optical system is equal to 1.0, the angle of the diagonal line of view is not less than 180 degrees, and the temperature change range is-40 degrees to +60 degrees.
2. The large-format long-wave infrared optical passive athermal fisheye lens according to claim 1, wherein: and a reverse shooting remote structure is adopted.
3. The large-format long-wave infrared optical passive athermal fisheye lens according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the working wave band of the large-breadth long-wave infrared optical passive athermal fisheye lens is 8-12um.
4. The large-format long-wave infrared optical passive athermal fisheye lens according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: from the object side to the image side, two surfaces of the first lens L1 are an object side surface S1 and an image side surface S2 in sequence; two surfaces of the second lens L2 are an object side surface S3 and an image side surface S4 in sequence; the two surfaces of the third lens L3 are an object side surface S5 and an image side surface S6 in sequence; the two surfaces of the fourth lens L4 are an object side surface S7 and an image side surface S8 in sequence; the object side surface S1 is a spherical surface, and the image side surface S2 is an aspherical surface; the object side surface S3 is an aspheric surface, and the image side surface S4 is a diffraction surface; the object side surface S5 is an aspheric surface, and the image side surface S6 is an aspheric surface; the object side surface S7 is an aspherical surface, and the image side surface S8 is an aspherical surface.
5. The large-format long-wave infrared optical passive athermal fisheye lens according to claim 4, wherein: the radius of curvature of the object side S1 is 61.43mm or 36.24mm, and the radius of curvature of the image side S2 is 24.01mm or 19.38mm; the radius of curvature of the object side S3 is 29.89mm or 25.94mm, and the radius of curvature of the image side S4 is 1537.76mm or 53.75mm; the radius of curvature of the object side S5 is-326.32 mm or 37.32mm, and the radius of curvature of the image side S6 is 37.17mm or 40.22mm; the radius of curvature of the object side surface S7 is 27.69mm or 50.08mm, and the radius of curvature of the image side surface S8 is 82.02mm or 65.38mm.
6. The large-format long-wave infrared optical passive athermal fisheye lens according to claim 4, wherein: the outer diameter of the object side surface S1 is 42mm or 52mm, and the outer diameter of the image side surface S2 is 30mm or 38mm; the outer diameter of the object side surface S3 is 30mm or 30mm, and the outer diameter of the image side surface S4 is 30mm or 27mm; the outer diameter of the object side surface S5 is 22mm or 22mm, and the outer diameter of the image side surface S6 is 19mm or 21mm; the outer diameter of the object side surface S7 is 19mm or 23mm, and the outer radius of the image side surface S8 is 22mm or 23mm.
7. The large-format long-wave infrared optical passive athermal fisheye lens according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the center thickness of the first lens is 5mm or 2.5mm, the center thickness of the second lens is 8mm, the center thickness of the third lens is 2.5mm, and the center thickness of the fourth lens is 3.7mm or 5.3mm; the spacing between the first lens and the second lens is 44.2mm or 54.3mm; the spacing between the second lens and the third lens is 7.5mm or 14.5mm; the spacing between the third lens and the fourth lens is 5mm or 1.7mm.
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CN114594581B (en) * 2022-03-25 2023-06-20 浙江大立科技股份有限公司 Athermalization thermal imaging optical system
CN116859559B (en) * 2023-06-27 2024-02-06 东莞市融光光学有限公司 External lens and device for angle expansion

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