CN108680509A - A kind of strand salt marsh area soil salt content evaluation method - Google Patents
A kind of strand salt marsh area soil salt content evaluation method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of strand salt marsh area disclosed by the invention soil salt content evaluation method, including：Obtain the strand salt marsh area soil salt content actual measured value of sampled point；Obtain the multi-spectral remote sensing image of sampled point that unmanned plane shoots and transmits；Multi-spectral remote sensing image is pre-processed, band image of the image reflectance in predetermined threshold value is obtained；Each wave band reflectance value that the sampled point corresponds to pixel is extracted in band image；Soil salt content actual measured value and each wave band reflectance value are subjected to correlation analysis with service solution with statistical product, obtain sensitive band；By multiple linear regression analysis method, soil salt content appraising model is built；Soil salt content appraising model is screened to obtain maximum likelihood estimation model；The soil salt content in region to be measured is estimated using the maximum likelihood estimation model selected.Soil salt content evaluation method provided by the invention based on unmanned plane multispectral image solves the problems such as existing method is time-consuming and laborious, time stability is poor low with spatial resolution.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to quantitative remote sensing application fields, more particularly to the strand salt marsh based on unmanned plane multi-spectral remote sensing image
A kind of area's soil salt content evaluation method, and in particular to strand salt marsh area soil salt content evaluation method.
Background technology
The soil salinization is current global great environmental problem, seriously restricts the strong of ecological environment and social economy
Health, sustainable development.According to statistics, about 1,000,000,000 squares of hectares of global salinized soil area（Account for about the 7% of Global land area）, wherein
43000000 squares of hectares are secondary salinization, lead to irrigated farmland underproduction due to salination threat of about one third；Meanwhile
By influenced by global warming, soil salinization area shows continuous increased trend.And in China, saline soil ground area is about
100000000 squares of hectares, wherein about 36,000,000 squares of modern salt marsh soil hectare（The 4.88% of soil can be utilized by accounting for the whole nation）, in arable land
Saline soil ground area accounts for the 6.6% of global cultivated area, and the soil salinization causes soil quality to decline, Land capability drops
Cause farmland no longer cultivated when low, Grain Growth Situation is deteriorated and yield reduces, is serious, to local area ecological, agricultural production and grain security
It produces and seriously affects, the prevention of the soil salinization is significant.
Tradition research method mostly based on field investigation and sampling analysis combination, needs to consume more human and material resources and wealth
Power, it is difficult to realize the purpose of quick obtaining soil salt content.With the development of remote sensing technology, numerous scholars start to be dedicated to transporting
With remote sensing monitor soil salt content, since 21 century agricultural remote sensing gradually develop to the direction of quantification and precision,
But the limiting factors such as the satellite remote sensing technology of current main-stream is influenced due to revisiting period length, by weather, image resolution deficiency,
It is difficult to meet the needs of precision agriculture research in data stability and spatial and temporal resolution etc..Meanwhile it can also utilize boat
Empty aircraft obtains data, but since space shuttle is not easily accessible civil field, so aerial remote sensing images are not easy to obtain.
With scientific and technological progress, unmanned air vehicle technique gradually comes into civil field, unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing platform easily builds, is at low cost,
Flight range is motor-driven, flying height is flexible, duty cycle is short, and the remotely-sensed data room and time resolution ratio of acquisition is relatively high,
It is not easy to be limited by period and weather condition, therefore, unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing assessment technology becomes functionization in present precision agriculture and grinds
The hot spot studied carefully.
Therefore, it is asked with present in sampling analysis method and satellite remote sensing technology to improve or solve above-mentioned field investigation
Topic urgently works out in strand salt marsh area soil salt content estimation field a kind of based on unmanned plane multi-spectral remote sensing image at present
The strand salt marsh area soil salt content estimation models of structure, to further increase the precision of soil salt content remote sensing monitoring
With time stability and spatial resolution, technical support is provided for the improvement of the sea front soil salinization.
Invention content
In order to solve above-mentioned problems of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of strand salt marsh area soil
Earth salt content evaluation method, with overcome traditional field investigation with it is time-consuming present in sampling analysis method and satellite remote sensing technology
Arduously, time stability difference and the disadvantages such as spatial resolution is low, have reached in precision agriculture to strand salt marsh area soil salt
The estimation of content is not limited by period, weather condition, the technique effect that duty cycle is short, flexibility is high, at low cost.
According to an aspect of the invention, there is provided a kind of strand salt marsh area soil salt content evaluation method, wherein packet
Include following steps：
Obtain the strand salt marsh area soil salt content actual measured value of sampled point；
Obtain the multi-spectral remote sensing image of sampled point that unmanned plane shoots and transmits；
The multi-spectral remote sensing image is pre-processed, band image of the image reflectance in predetermined threshold value is obtained；
Each wave band reflectance value that the sampled point corresponds to pixel is extracted in the band image；
With statistical product and service solution（Statistical Product and Service Solutions, referred to as
SPSS）The soil salt content actual measured value and each wave band reflectance value are subjected to correlation analysis, obtain sensitivity
Wave band；
Based on the sensitive band and the soil salt content actual measured value, pass through multiple linear regression analysis method, structure soil
Earth salt content appraising model；
Soil salt content appraising model is screened using the soil salt content actual measured value to obtain maximum likelihood estimation model；
The soil salt content in region to be measured is estimated using the maximum likelihood estimation model selected.
Further, practical time of measuring is accumulation of salt in the surface soil phase in spring or accumulation of salt in the surface soil phase in autumn.
Further, the multi-spectral remote sensing image of sampled point for obtaining unmanned plane and shooting and transmitting, including following step
Suddenly：
It is obtained in real time using UAV flight's multispectral camera and the practical multi-spectral remote sensing image measured simultaneously.
Further, the pretreatment includes at least in image mosaic processing, radiant correction processing, geometric correction processing
One.
Further, the band image includes green light band image, red spectral band image, red side band image and close red
Four band images of wave section image.
Further, the sensitive band includes green light band, red spectral band, red side wave section and near infrared band.
Further, polynary gradually linear regression method, polynary input line may be used in the multiple linear regression analysis method
One kind in property homing method or partial least-square regression method.
Further, described that soil salt content appraising model is screened using the soil salt content actual measured value
Maximum likelihood estimation model is obtained, is included the following steps：
The soil salt content actual measured value is divided into modeling sample collection and verification sample set,
Wherein, the modeling sample collection is for building soil salt content appraising model and obtaining modeling accuracy, the verification sample
This collection is used to verify the precision of the appraising model of structure and obtains verification precision；
Maximum likelihood estimation model is chosen by the modeling accuracy and the verification precision.
Further, it verifies the precision of the appraising model of structure and obtains verification precision, include the following steps：
Each wave band reflectance value in the verification sample set is brought into soil salt content appraising model and acquires corresponding soil
Earth salt content estimated value；
Based on the soil salt content estimated value and corresponding soil salt content actual measured value in the verification sample set,
Using approximating method, it is verified precision.
Further, the modeling accuracy of the maximum likelihood estimation model is 0.746, and verification precision is 0.6375.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a kind of strand salt marsh area soil salt content estimation device is provided, it is described
Equipment includes：
One or more processors；
Memory, for storing one or more programs,
When one or more of programs are executed by one or more of processors so that one or more of processors
Execute method as described in any one of the above embodiments.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a kind of computer-readable storage medium being stored with computer program is provided
Matter, the program realize method as described in any one of the above embodiments when being executed by processor.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that：
Tradition research method mostly based on field investigation and sampling analysis combination, needs to consume more human and material resources and financial resources, difficult
To realize the purpose of quick obtaining soil salt content.Soil salt content evaluation method disclosed by the invention and traditional experiment room
Measurement method is compared, and manpower is saved, and improves working efficiency, is suitble to the estimation of soil salt content under large scale.
The satellite remote sensing technology of current main-stream is due to offices such as revisiting period is long, influenced by weather, image resolution deficiencies
Limit factor is difficult to meet the needs of precision agriculture research in data stability and spatial and temporal resolution etc..It is disclosed by the invention
Soil salt content evaluation method eliminates satellite and passes by period and weather conditions compared with remote sensing image data evaluation method
It influences, improves flexibility and the stability of time of measuring, flying height reduces so that spatial resolution is by satellite remote sensing
The 10m grades of cm grades for dropping to unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing promote thousands of times, can effectively remove mixed pixel influence, to thin under field scale
The elementary errors opposite sex can be expressed accurately, in the accuracy for improving estimation down to a certain degree.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of soil salt content evaluation method in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of vegetation coverage measured value and estimated value fitting under the best-estimated model in the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
The application is described in further detail with reference to embodiment and Figure of description.It is understood that this
The described specific embodiment in place is used only for explaining related invention, rather than the restriction to the invention.Further need exist for explanation
It is to illustrate only for ease of description, in attached drawing and invent relevant part.
It should be noted that in the absence of conflict, the features in the embodiments and the embodiments of the present application can phase
Mutually combination.The application is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments.
A kind of strand salt marsh area soil salt content evaluation method is present embodiments provided, is included the following steps：
S1, the strand salt marsh area soil salt content actual measured value for obtaining sampled point；
S2, the multi-spectral remote sensing image of sampled point that unmanned plane shoots and transmits is obtained；
S3, the multi-spectral remote sensing image is pre-processed, obtains band image of the image reflectance in predetermined threshold value；
S4, each wave band reflectance value that the sampled point corresponds to pixel is extracted in the band image；
S5, with statistical product with service solution（Statistical Product and Service Solutions,
Abbreviation SPSS）The soil salt content actual measured value and each wave band reflectance value are subjected to correlation analysis, obtained
Sensitive band；
S6, it is based on the sensitive band and the soil salt content actual measured value, passes through multiple linear regression analysis method, structure
Soil salt content appraising model；
S7, soil salt content appraising model is screened using the soil salt content actual measured value to obtain maximum likelihood estimation mould
Type；
S8, the soil salt content that region to be measured is estimated using the maximum likelihood estimation model selected.
For ease of the understanding of the present invention, estimated with reference to strand salt marsh provided in this embodiment area soil salt content
Method and attached drawing Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, are further described the principle of the present invention：
Unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing platform used in the present embodiment is carried by big 600 pro of boundary Matrice, six rotor wing unmanned aerial vehicles
Sequoia multispectral cameras composition.
In the method that existing remote sensing image data estimates soil salt content, building for remote sensing platform is broadly divided into two
Part：What sensor and aircraft, wherein sensor referred to is exactly camera, and aircraft is exactly unmanned plane, aircraft or satellite, aircraft
It is related to temporal resolution.Existing satellite remote sensing technology, since satellite has certain airborne period, generally 5-30 days, because
The technical problems such as that there are revisiting periods is long for this satellite remote sensing technology, influenced by weather, image resolution deficiency.And unmanned equipment
There are the advantages such as flight range is motor-driven, flying height is flexible, duty cycle is short, and unmanned plane is as long as in the case where there is illumination
It can fulfil assignment, not limited by time restriction and weather, therefore utilize UAV flight's sensor, there is the remotely-sensed data obtained
The relatively high advantage of room and time resolution ratio.Meanwhile the flying height of unmanned plane is relatively low, can make to be mounted on unmanned plane
Sensor obtain image spatial resolution it is higher, spatial resolution is higher, and the floor area represented by a pixel is got over
It is small, the more suitable high-precision estimation of small area.On the other hand, it is loaded between unmanned plane and various sensors flexibly, it can basis
The actual demand of survey region selects suitable sensor to arrange in pairs or groups with unmanned plane, forms unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing platform.
S1, the soil salt content actual measured value for obtaining sampled point
Fieldwork selection of time spring or accumulation of salt in the surface soil phase in autumn carry out with unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing image capture synchronization.Entirely studying
Sampled point is laid within the scope of sample area, research zoning is divided into multiple homogeneous sample prescriptions, selection one is with representative in each sample prescription region
Property sampled point, it is desirable that sampled point is evenly distributed as much as possible within the scope of entirely research sample area, the research area include unused land with
Farming land, soil salt content difference is apparent in range, is distributed from slight salination to solonchak grade.Just using EC110
It takes formula salinometer and Trimble GEO 7X Centimeter Levels handhold GPSs records the soil salt content and coordinate of each sampled point respectively.
S2, the multi-spectral remote sensing image for obtaining the sampled point that unmanned plane transmits
Sequoia multispectral cameras are carried using big 600 pro of boundary Matrice, six rotor wing unmanned aerial vehicle platforms, are recorded according to GPS
Each sampled point location information, control unmanned plane 100 meters of height above sample area, it is continuous to obtain in real time and fieldwork
The multi-spectral remote sensing image of soil salt content of the same period.
S3, band image is obtained
Unmanned plane is shot and the multi-spectral remote sensing image that transmits spliced, the pretreatments such as radiant correction and geometric correction, obtain
Reach 4-5cm to image resolution ratio, including four green light, feux rouges, red side and near-infrared band images.
S4, each wave band reflectance value of extraction
Using Pixel locator tools in ENVI5.1 Classic, the GPS recorded in step S1 is input to by locating in advance
On the unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing image of reason, corresponding pixel is found, and extracts each wave band reflectance value of the Xiang Yuan.
S5, sensitive band is obtained
With statistical product and service solution（Statistical Product and Service Solutions, referred to as
SPSS）The actual measured value of each sampled point soil salt content and each wave band reflectance value of remote sensing images are subjected to correlation point
Analysis, obtains the sensitive band high with soil salt content correlation：G（Green light band）、R（Red spectral band）、REG（Red side wave section）
And NIR（Near infrared band）.
The spectral signature of soil salt content is concentrated mainly on four green light, feux rouges, red side and near-infrared wave bands, i.e.,
Four wave bands that Sequoia multispectral cameras are included, EO-1 hyperion camera might have more rich spectral information, but for soil
For the estimation of earth salt content, only four green light, feux rouges, red side and near-infrared wave bands are sufficient, abundant spectral information
A large amount of data redundancy can be only brought, the difficulty in data handling procedure is increased.Table 1 be the embodiment of the present invention in sensitive band with
The related coefficient of soil salt content.
S6, structure soil salt content appraising model
The soil salt content actual measured value of all samples is divided into modeling sample collection（About total sample 2/3）With verification sample set
（About total sample 1/3）Two parts.
Modeling sample collection is chosen, using 4 sensitive bands screened in step S5 as independent variable, soil salt content is real
Measured value is dependent variable, and multiple linear regression is carried out by a variety of recurrence modes to independent variable and dependent variable, obtains being based on unmanned plane
The soil salt content appraising model of remote sensing images.
Wherein, recurrence mode can select polynary gradually linear regression, the recurrence of polynary input linear and offset minimum binary to return
The modes such as return.
S7, screening obtain maximum likelihood estimation model
Mould is carried out to the multiple soil salt content appraising models obtained above by a variety of recurrence modes with verification sample set
Type is verified：Each wave band reflectance value for verifying sampling point in sample set is brought into respectively in multiple soil salt content appraising models
Corresponding soil salt content estimated value is acquired, obtained soil salt content estimated value is corresponding with verification sample set each
The actual measured value of sampling point is fitted, and is verified precision.
In the present embodiment, with verification precision, the maximum likelihood estimation model preferably obtained is comprehensive modeling precision：
Wherein, Y is chlorophyll content estimated value；G is green light band value；R is red spectral band value；REG is red side wave segment value and NIR
For near infrared band value.
The modeling accuracy of maximum likelihood estimation model is 0.746 in the present embodiment, and verification precision is 0.6375.
S8, the soil salt content for estimating region to be measured
The soil salt content estimation optimal models that above-mentioned the present embodiment obtains are applied to the Kenli area agriculture of Dongying city
Field carries out soil salt content estimation.The soil types in the farmland is beach salty soil, and soil salinization degree is generally higher,
Land use pattern is predominantly ploughed and unused land, main Winter Wheat Planted of ploughing.Soil salt content estimation as a result,
It is 0.764 to estimation precision.
The present embodiment additionally provides a kind of strand salt marsh area soil salt content estimation device, and the equipment includes：
One or more processors；
Memory, for storing one or more programs,
When one or more of programs are executed by one or more of processors so that one or more of processors
Execute any one of them method as above.
The present embodiment additionally provides a kind of computer readable storage medium being stored with computer program, which is handled
Device realizes any one of them method as above when executing.
Above description is only the preferred embodiment of the application and the explanation to institute's application technology principle.People in the art
Member should be appreciated that invention scope involved in the application, however it is not limited to technology made of the specific combination of above-mentioned technical characteristic
Scheme, while should also cover in the case where not departing from the inventive concept, it is carried out by above-mentioned technical characteristic or its equivalent feature
Other technical solutions of arbitrary combination and formation.Such as features described above has similar work(with (but not limited to) disclosed herein
Energy.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of strand salt marsh area soil salt content evaluation method, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
Obtain the strand salt marsh area soil salt content actual measured value of sampled point；
Obtain the multi-spectral remote sensing image of sampled point that unmanned plane shoots and transmits；
The multi-spectral remote sensing image is pre-processed, band image of the image reflectance in predetermined threshold value is obtained；
Each wave band reflectance value that the sampled point corresponds to pixel is extracted in the band image；
With statistical product and service solution（Statistical Product and Service Solutions, referred to as
SPSS）The soil salt content actual measured value and each wave band reflectance value are subjected to correlation analysis, obtain sensitivity
Wave band；
Based on the sensitive band and the soil salt content actual measured value, pass through multiple linear regression analysis method, structure soil
Earth salt content appraising model；
Soil salt content appraising model is screened using the soil salt content actual measured value to obtain maximum likelihood estimation model；
The soil salt content in region to be measured is estimated using the maximum likelihood estimation model selected.
2. strand salt marsh according to claim 1 area soil salt content evaluation method, which is characterized in that when practical measurement
Between be accumulation of salt in the surface soil phase in spring or accumulation of salt in the surface soil phase in autumn.
3. strand salt marsh according to claim 1 area soil salt content evaluation method, which is characterized in that the acquisition nothing
The multi-spectral remote sensing image of the sampled point of man-machine shooting and transmission, includes the following steps：
It is obtained in real time using UAV flight's multispectral camera and the practical multi-spectral remote sensing image measured simultaneously.
4. strand salt marsh according to claim 1 area soil salt content evaluation method, which is characterized in that the pretreatment
Including at least one in image mosaic processing, radiant correction processing, geometric correction processing.
5. strand salt marsh according to claim 1 area soil salt content evaluation method, which is characterized in that the wave band figure
As including four green light band image, red spectral band image, red side band image and near infrared band image band images.
6. strand salt marsh according to claim 1 area soil salt content evaluation method, which is characterized in that the sensitivity wave
Section includes green light band, red spectral band, red side wave section and near infrared band.
7. strand salt marsh according to claim 1 area soil salt content evaluation method, which is characterized in that the polynary line
Polynary gradually linear regression method, polynary input linear homing method or Partial Least Squares Regression side may be used in property homing method
One kind in method.
8. strand salt marsh according to claim 1 area soil salt content evaluation method, which is characterized in that described to use institute
Soil salt content actual measured value is stated soil salt content appraising model is screened to obtain maximum likelihood estimation model, including following step
Suddenly：
The soil salt content actual measured value is divided into modeling sample collection and verification sample set,
Wherein, the modeling sample collection is for building soil salt content appraising model and obtaining modeling accuracy, the verification sample
This collection is used to verify the precision of the appraising model of structure and obtains verification precision；
Maximum likelihood estimation model is chosen by the modeling accuracy and the verification precision.
9. strand salt marsh according to claim 8 area soil salt content evaluation method, which is characterized in that verify structure
The precision of appraising model simultaneously obtains verification precision, includes the following steps：
Each wave band reflectance value in the verification sample set is brought into soil salt content appraising model and acquires corresponding soil
Earth salt content estimated value；
Based on the soil salt content estimated value and corresponding soil salt content actual measured value in the verification sample set,
Using approximating method, it is verified precision.
10. strand salt marsh according to claim 9 area soil salt content evaluation method, which is characterized in that described optimal
The modeling accuracy of appraising model is 0.746, and verification precision is 0.6375.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109596616A (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2019-04-09 | 山东农业大学 | A kind of soil salt monitoring method, system and equipment |
| CN109342337A (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2019-02-15 | 山东农业大学 | A kind of severe Soluble Salts In Salt-affected Soil acquisition methods, system and device |
| CN109813865A (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2019-05-28 | 北京农业智能装备技术研究中心 | A kind of soil in protected field salinity monitoring method and system |
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| CN110110771A (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2019-08-09 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Salinized soil salt content evaluation method based on earth's surface image |
| CN113125383A (en) * | 2021-04-19 | 2021-07-16 | 遥相科技发展(北京)有限公司 | Farming land secondary salinization monitoring and early warning method and system based on remote sensing |
| CN113297722A (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2021-08-24 | 山东师范大学 | Coastal soil salinity assessment method and system |
| CN113655003A (en) * | 2021-09-02 | 2021-11-16 | 中科禾信遥感科技（苏州）有限公司 | Method for estimating soil moisture content of winter wheat at green-turning stage by using unmanned aerial vehicle photo |
| CN113655003B (en) * | 2021-09-02 | 2024-01-12 | 中科禾信遥感科技（苏州）有限公司 | Method for estimating soil moisture content of winter wheat in green-turning period by using unmanned aerial vehicle photo |
| WO2023087630A1 (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2023-05-25 | 浙江大学 | Method for estimating soil salinity of straw residue farmland by using remote sensing construction index |
| CN115147746A (en) * | 2022-09-02 | 2022-10-04 | 广东容祺智能科技有限公司 | Saline-alkali geological identification method based on unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing image |
| CN115147746B (en) * | 2022-09-02 | 2022-11-29 | 广东容祺智能科技有限公司 | Saline-alkali geological identification method based on unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing image |
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