CN108678077A - A kind of method of estimation of the urban water supply pipe network model rate based on Balance Analysis - Google Patents
A kind of method of estimation of the urban water supply pipe network model rate based on Balance Analysis Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The method of estimation for the urban water supply pipe network model rate based on Balance Analysis that the present invention relates to a kind of, includes the following steps：1) composition of all kinds of waters is determined according to water balance table；2) simultaneously statistical metering water data are collected；3) according to the corresponding detailed rules of calculation of all kinds of waters, all kinds of waters are calculated；4) no income water and leakage loss water is calculated, leakage water is obtained, to obtain leakage ratio, leak rate and leak rate.Compared with prior art, the present invention possesses more detailed detailed rules of calculation and more reasonably calculation basis, and gives detailed description to each parameter in water calculating formula or suggest value, therefore can obtain more accurate water supply network leak rate data.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to urban water supply pipe network model evaluation methods, more particularly, to a kind of city based on Balance Analysis
The method of estimation of town water supply network leak rate.
Background technology
China's public supply mains leakage loss problem still protrudes.Currently, national more than 600 cities are averaged, pipe network model rate is super
15% is crossed, especially rural area is more serious, totally also away from the basic leakage loss performance assessment criteria 12% of current country and developed country 6-8%
There are larger gap, the control work of water supply network leakage loss to shoulder heavy responsibilities.The basic leak rate of City Water Supply Enterprise's pipe network must control
Within 12%, therefore China's urban water supply reduces the also very large space of leakage loss.By 2015, water supply leak rate obtained
It is further to pay attention to.Industry and enterprise faces larger examination pressure, and after especially counting secondary water-supply, leak rate is very
Height, and it is larger to solve difficulty.
In recent years, China's urban water supply pipe network model rate is declined, but also has certain difference away from 12% target
Away from.In addition, China's urban water supply amount is big, therefore there is also the big problems of leakage loss water.Therefore exist《Public supply mains leakage loss
Control and evaluation criteria》(CJJ92-2016) suggest leakage loss water analysis of annual progress, that is, carry out leakage loss assessment.Pass through
Leakage loss assessment is carried out, the system of appointing national minority hereditary headmen in the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties and user there can be the leakage loss level of water supply network overall understanding and positioning, can know feed pipe
Virtual condition residing for net leakage loss provides foundation and direction for the control of further leakage loss.
There are many research of related leakage loss assessment both at home and abroad, typically carry out leak rate calculating using night minimum discharge method,
Research in terms of carrying out leakage loss instream flow estimate by public supply mains Analysis of Water Balance is very few, and Li Fei once mentioned two kinds of confessions
Grid leakage loss appraisal procedure (Li Fei, Tao Tao water supply network leakage losses are assessed and control method [J] China water supply and drainage,
2012,28(18):35-39.)：
1. top-down appraisal procedure
Method summary：The water supply network water balance table proposed using IWA, is tracked all kinds of waters, is calculated
Leakage loss water.
Advantage and disadvantage：Current water supply pipe net system leakage loss can be understood rapidly, and leakage loss origin cause of formation etc. determines next step leakage loss pipe
Strategy is managed, but due to limitations such as system of appointing national minority hereditary headmen in the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties's human and material resources, it is as a result often more rough, and with larger subjectivity and at random
Property.
2. appraisal procedure from bottom to top
Method summary：It is analyzed by night minimum flow method, and then the practical leakage loss situation of assessment area.
Advantage and disadvantage：More can accurately be assessed, more meticulously analyze data, but this method for experience and
Early period, the analysis of historical data was more demanding, in addition, can not also obtain the substantially data of all kinds of leakage loss waters.
Invention content
It is an object of the present invention to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art and provide one kind based on water balance point
The method of estimation of the urban water supply pipe network model rate of analysis.
The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of method of estimation of the urban water supply pipe network model rate based on Balance Analysis, includes the following steps：
1) composition of all kinds of waters is determined according to water balance table；
2) simultaneously statistical metering water data are collected；
3) according to the corresponding detailed rules of calculation of all kinds of waters, all kinds of waters are calculated；
4) no income water and leakage loss water is calculated, leakage water is obtained, to obtain leakage ratio, leak rate
And leak rate.
In the step 2), all kinds of waters include charging water measurement amount Q1, the non-water measurement amount Q of charging2, free meter
Measure water consumption Q3, free non-water measurement amount Q4, metering loss water Q5With unknown losses water Q6。
The non-water measurement amount Q of the charging2Including stealing water V1, pipe network artificial destruction loss water V2, turn supply water
Amount and water supply line new construction washing water quantity V3, calculating formula is：
Q2=V1+V2+V3。
The pilferage water V1Calculating formula be：
V1=kq1·t1
Wherein, k is pressure correction value, q1For average flow rate, t1For the time of breaking rules and regulations；
The pipe network artificial destruction loss water V2Calculating formula be：
Wherein, n1For artificial destruction number, q2iIt is ith water pipe by damage flow, t2iWhen continuing for the damage of ith water pipe
Between, qnomFor water pipe normal discharge, VfFor washing water quantity,
The water supply line new construction washing water quantity V3Calculating formula be：
Wherein, n2For new construction number, q3iFor ith new construction flushing flow rate, t3iIt is rushed for ith new construction
Wash the duration.
The free non-water measurement amount Q4Including water quality guarantee discharge water V4, fire-fighting fire extinguishing water consumption V5, fire-fighting
Training water consumption V6, pipe network improving washing water quantity V7, secondary water supply tank pond cleaning water V8, secondary water-supply underground tank it is clear
Leaching requirement V9, repairing water consumption V10With other water consumptions V11, calculating formula is：
Q4=V4+V5+V6+V7+V8+V9+V10+V11。
The water quality guarantee discharge water V4For the regular let-down water V of floss hole4-1And the regular amount of flush water V of fire hydrant4-2
The sum of, the regular let-down water V of floss hole4-1With the regular amount of flush water V of fire hydrant4-2Calculating formula be：
V4-2=q5·t5·N1·n4
Wherein, q4iFor the let-down average flow rate obtained with flow velocity product according to discharge open area, t4iFor let-down time, n3
For let-down total degree, q5For fire hydrant periodic flushing bolt mouth average flow rate, t5For fire hydrant periodic flushing flushing period, N1It is every
The fire hydrant quantity of secondary flushing, n4For fire hydrant periodic flushing number；
The fire-fighting fire extinguishing water consumption V5Calculating formula be：
V5=q6×t6×m×n5
Wherein, q6For every monitor flow, t6For attack time, m, which is fire extinguishing, averagely needs hydraulic giant, n5For according to fire-fighting yearbook
The whole city occur fire number；
The fire drill water consumption V6Calculating formula be：
V6=n6·N2·q7
Wherein, q7For the water tank volume of each fire fighting truck, N2For the fire fighting truck quantity averagely trained every time, n6Always to train
Number；
The pipe network improving washing water quantity V7Calculating formula be：
V7=q8×n7
Wherein, q8It is transformed for each water meter, n7For water meter number；
The secondary water supply tank pond cleaning water V8Calculating formula be：
V8=VR1×n8×t7；
The secondary water-supply underground tank cleaning water V9Calculating formula be：
V9=VR2× 40% × n8×t8
Wherein, VR1For water tank capacity, VR2For water tank capacity, n8Water tank (pond) is converted into for emptying water, washing water quantity to hold
Long-pending coefficient, t7For secondary water supply tank pond wash number, t8For secondary water-supply underground tank wash number；
The repairing water consumption V10For the water V of booster loss10-1With the washing water quantity V for repairing completion10-2The sum of,
Wherein, the water V of booster loss10-1Calculating formula be：
Repair the washing water quantity V completed10-2Calculating formula be：
Wherein, n9For booster number, C1Going out stream to leak for earthing influences, C2For discharge coefficient, AiIt is leaked for ith booster
Water hole area, H1iFor ith booster aperture pressure, t9iFor ith booster leak source existence time, g is acceleration of gravity, q9iFor
Washing water quantity flow, t10iFor washing time；
The water that other described water consumptions include emergency water and in case of emergency call, other water consumptions V12Meter
Formula is：
Wherein, n10For emergency waterside number, q10iFor ith emergency water average flow rate, t10iFor ith emergency water
Duration.
The metering loss water Q5Water and non-resident customer meter error are lost including resident's total score difference
Water is lost, resident's total score difference loses water Qm1Calculating formula be：
Wherein, QmrFor the urbanite water consumption amount read the ammeter directly, CmrFor resident's total score difference rate；
The non-resident customer meter error loss water Qm2Calculating formula be：
Wherein, QmLFor non-resident user's water consumption, CmLFor non-resident customer meter metering loss rate.
The unknown losses water Q6It is illegally taken over including domestic consumer, other users are illegally taken over, non-registered users
Water pipe destroys and bypass pipe, undiscovered illegal use fire hydrant, data processing mistake, potential leakage loss water.
In the step 4), the calculating formula of leakage ratio η is：
Qps=Qws-Q1-Q3
Wherein, QpsFor production and marketing difference water, QwsFor for water inventory；
The calculating formula of leak rate ξ is：
Qlk=Qps-Q2-Q4
Wherein, QlkFor leakage loss water；
The calculating formula of leak rate δ is：
Qls=Qlk-Q5-Q6
Wherein, QlsTo miss water.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages：
(1) present invention has carried out more detailed division to all kinds of water consumptions, has been according to water supply network water balance table
Water supply company supply water, sell water record water classification provide certain reference significance；
(2) present invention provides corresponding detailed rules of calculation and rational calculation basis for the calculating of all kinds of waters, and to water
Each parameter gives detailed description or suggests value in gauge formula, can obtain more accurate water supply network leak rate data.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is transverse horizontal weighing apparatus analysis process figure.
Fig. 2 is that the leak rate based on Balance Analysis estimates flow chart.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention is described in detail with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment
The present invention is calculated by the way that water is classified according to water balance table by different type on a macro scale according to corresponding
Method calculates all kinds of waters, to estimate water supply network leak rate.It is characterized in that：It is determined according to water balance table
All kinds of waters are constituted, and then collect simultaneously statistical metering water data, non-metering water quantity and loss water phase provided by the present invention
Detailed rules of calculation, parameter declaration and the suggestion value answered are calculated, and are estimated to leak rate finally by water balance relationship
It calculates.
The present invention using latest edition water balance table, and provide the corresponding detailed rules of calculation of all kinds of waters, parameter is said
Bright and suggestion value, for calculating all kinds of waters, and then estimates leak rate.Technical scheme of the present invention design structure is referring to figure
1, including following work step：
1, determine that water forms in conjunction with actual conditions
According to《Urban water supply pipe network model controls and evaluation criteria》(CJJ92), water balance table is as shown in table 1.
1 water balance table of table
Urban water supply pipe network water supply total Water should include self-produced water supply and outsourcing water supply, in whereabouts from source
On, should include charged water consumption amount, free water consumption, leakage loss water, metering loss and unknown losses.Wherein, charged water consumption amount and
Free water consumption also known as registers user's water consumption, and leakage water, metering loss and unknown losses are collectively referred to as leakage loss water.It removes
Outside charged water consumption amount, remaining water is no income water, i.e. production and marketing difference water.
Therefore in the present invention, the system of appointing national minority hereditary headmen in the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties need to determine according to outsourcing water supply presence or absence for water inventory in conjunction with actual conditions
Composition.According to the purposes of all kinds of water consumptions, especially non-water measurement amount determines its composition, is used for the data collection of next step
And estimation.
2, simultaneously statistical metering water usage data is collected
First, the water data statistics period should be determined.《Urban water supply pipe network model controls and evaluation criteria》
(CJJ92-2016) it is " annual to carry out a leakage loss water analysis " in 4.2.1, but for more fine-grained management, it is contemplated that
The meter reading period of resident's table is generally 2 months, it is proposed that carries out a Balance Analysis to each two moon.
Secondly, it is based on the practical water supply situation of the system of appointing national minority hereditary headmen in the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, obtains self-produced water supply data and outsourcing water supply data.According to reality
Regimen condition is sold on border, obtains charging water measurement amount data and free water measurement amount data.
(1) charging water measurement amount
Charging water measurement amount can generally be measured by meter readings and be obtained, the charge metering of user's meter reading record
Water consumption and system are consistent for the timing statistics of confluent.Reading date when flowmeter and calculating beginning and end
When date does not match, it is necessary to which the water consumption for correcting calculating sells water to name and carries out conversion processing, formation and water supply cycle
It is consistent it is true sell water, ensure that each water meter has embodiment monthly selling water.
For industrial water and commercial water, in commercial land, residential area, mating industrial building, in order to meet
Particular demands, obtain using license under conditions of, used fire hydrant water intaking, should according to the water meter on cell fire hydrant to
Property metering and billing (includes daily maintenance expense, enters according to water and sell water account, the maintenance in one month of a general water meter
Expense is 100 yuan).
(2) free water measurement amount
Free water measurement amount include self water consumption in secondary pressurized pump house, online Water-quality Monitoring Points with water come internal strength,
The free direct drinking etc. at some municipal purposes water such as part scenic spots is typically installed measuring equipment and is measured, when unconditional
It can also in the light of actual conditions be estimated.
3, non-metering water quantity calculates
The water consumption being calculated or estimated is needed to include in the present invention：The non-water measurement amount of charging, free non-water measurement
Amount, metering loss water and unknown losses water.
(1) the non-water measurement amount of charging
The estimation mode of the non-water measurement amount of charging may be selected to install plug-in type flow instrument in non-water measurement point, or
Person carries out cell by a large number of users the test of non-metering water quantity, to the monitoring data of a period of time, determines non-water measurement
Amount.According to the difference of Water consumption type, 6 classes can be divided into：
1) water V is stolen1
Steal water include privately municipal network water supply upper accepting water, without table water, without authorization by self-built water supply pipe net system with
The connection of city public water supply pipe network system, direct armored pump draws water, arrogates to oneself on city public water supply pipeline or fire hydrant without permission
The water stolen from situations such as dismounting or change or upside-down mounting charging water meter, can go over the water generated in March by user and carry out
Estimation or expert arbitrate assessment, or are estimated using following formula：
V1=kq1·t1
In formula：q1--- average flow rate, m3/ h can be estimated according to bore；
t1--- time violating the regulations, h can determine the time that act of violating regulations occurs according to the initial time of proof；
K --- pressure correction value, municipal ductwork pressure are generally 0.3MPa, are corrected to flow as a reference value.
Rule of thumb formula, k=(H/0.3)1.18, H is practical ductwork pressure value.
Steal water after inspection, amount receivable be equal to water be multiplied by punishment unit price, this unit price ratio normally use water
Valence wants high.The amount of money having more and the water generated should be referred to and rush red water.
2) water is lost in pipe network artificial destruction
Pipe network artificial destruction, which refers to, to be caused due to construction etc. pipe network damage (including pipeline, water meter, fire hydrant etc.) and is flowed
The water of mistake.Usually calculate according to the following formula：
In formula：q2i--- water pipe is by damage flow, m3/h；
t2i--- water pipe damages duration, h；
qnom--- water pipe normal discharge, m3/ h, report recommends the time after connecing be 2h；
Vf--- washing water quantity, m3；
n1--- artificial destruction number；
I --- ith artificial destruction.
3) turn water supply
Fire hydrant is usurped the water that water is usually generated according to user and is estimated, and turns to supply water and typically refer to aqueous
Matter changes (for example, civilian change is commercial) and does not change the water of using of property, therefore should be noted that when calculating turn water supply and avoid the two of water
Secondary calculating, turn water supply should be water and do not change, and only have the increase of the punishment amount of money.
4) water supply line new construction washing water quantity V3
Water supply line new construction washing water quantity refer in cleaning system pollutant and residue, test match water system
System water outlet is to meet the institutes such as publilc health standard, sensed flow meter and new main pipe water consumption, and the expense is generally by corporate spending.
Calculation formula is as follows：
In formula：q3i--- flushing flow rate, m3/ h obtains area, multiplied by with flow velocity according to caliber；
t3i--- the duration is rinsed, h is generally specified as 1~2h；
n2--- new construction number；
I --- ith new construction.
Portable flow counter measurement can also be used in water supply line new construction washing water quantity.It is directed to form independent measure
The region in area, can directly at night comb rinse, the night minimum discharge obtained using remote installed meter is water foundation.
(2) free non-water measurement amount
Free water measurement amount can be divided into following a few classes according to purposes：
1) water quality guarantee discharge water V4
This part water includes the regular let-down water Q of floss hole1And the regular amount of flush water Q of fire hydrant2。
Regular let-down water refers to ensure the water quality safety of pipe network tip, and the water of the regular let-down of floss hole can root
According to following formula instream flow estimate.
In formula：q4i--- according to the flow that discharge open area is obtained with flow velocity product, m3/min；
t4i--- let-down time, min；
n3--- let-down number；
I --- ith let-down.
Be directed to the region to form independent measure area, can direct let-down at night, the night minimum stream obtained with remote installed meter
Amount is water foundation.
Fire hydrant water of periodically washing by water can be estimated that calculation formula is as follows according to fire hydrant bolt mouth average flow rate.
Q2=q5·t5·N1·n4
In formula：q5--- the fire hydrant bolt mouth average flow rate of bolt mouth average flow rate, DN65 is generally 1.91m3/min；
t5--- fire hydrant periodic flushing flushing period, statistics take 3min；
N1--- the fire hydrant quantity rinsed every time takes and reports the 30% of fire hydrant number；
n4--- fire hydrant periodic flushing number.
2) fire-fighting fire extinguishing water consumption V5
Refer to the water for being derived from and not installing measuring equipment for fire-fighting fire extinguishing.Fire-fighting fire extinguishing water should be flat according to fire-fighting lance
Equal unit consumption, usage quantity and time are calculated, and formula is as follows.
In formula：q6i--- every monitor flow can be taken as 6.5L/s, i.e. 23.4m3/h；
t6i--- attack time can use 0.5h~2h, generally can be taken as 1h；
mi--- fire extinguishing averagely needs hydraulic giant, counts to obtain about 10；
n5--- the number of fire occurs according to the whole city of fire-fighting yearbook；
I --- ith fire-fighting fire extinguishing.
When statistical data deficiency, estimation algorithm can be used.It is estimated according to the volume of fire fighting truck and vehicle number.
3) fire drill water consumption V6
Refer to the water for being derived from and not installing measuring equipment for being consumed when fire drill, including fire fighting truck washing water quantity, supplies water
It is as follows.
V6=n6·N2·q7
In formula：q7--- the water tank volume of each fire fighting truck, general q=16.5m3；
N2--- the average fire fighting truck quantity trained every time generally takes N=5；
n6--- total frequency of training.
Fire demand water situation is complex, and the mode voluntarily estimated between each water undertaking is not also unified, so can root
It is investigated according to local data and then each water undertaking is estimated in proportion for water area.
4) pipe network improving washing water quantity V7
It generally refers in heavy civil pipe network improving engineering or Every household has an ammeter improvement project, the flushing water of pipe network improving
Amount, heavy civil pipe network improving engineering washing water quantity can be used water supply line new construction washing water quantity calculation formula and estimated
It calculates, Every household has an ammeter, and following formula can be used in improvement project washing water quantity is calculated.
V7=q8×n7
In formula：q8--- the washing water quantity of each water meter transformation, generation is 1m3/ only；
n7--- water meter number.
5) secondary water supply tank pond cleaning water V8
Water tank, pond cleaning water include emptying water and washing water quantity, are estimated according to the following formula：
V8=VR×n8×t7
In formula：VR--- water tank capacity, m3；
n8--- emptying water, washing water quantity are converted into the coefficient of water tank capacity, usually take n=2,
t7--- secondary water supply tank pond wash number, it is usually annual to clean 2 times.
6) secondary water-supply underground tank cleaning water V9
When underground tank cleans, the region pressurized pump station clear water that water undertaking is carried out by commission business is also typically included
The water that pond cleaning generates, is estimated according to the following formula：
V9=VR× 40% × n8×t8
In formula：VR--- water tank capacity, m3；
n8--- emptying water, washing water quantity are converted into the coefficient of water tank capacity, usually take n=2,
t8--- secondary water-supply underground tank wash number, it is usually annual to clean 2 times.
7) repairing water consumption V10
The water lost because running water pipe destroys.Include the water Q of booster loss3And repair the flushing water completed
Measure Q4, following two formula are respectively adopted and are calculated.
The water of booster loss：
In formula：C1--- earthing goes out stream to leak to be influenced.According to pipe diameter size value：DN15~50 take 0.96, DN75~
300 take 0.95, and DN300 or more takes 0.94；
C1--- discharge coefficient takes 0.6；
Ai--- ith booster leak hole area, m2；
H1i--- ith booster aperture pressure, mH2O takes the 2/3 of pipe network usual pressure；
t9i--- ith booster leak source existence time, s；
G --- acceleration of gravity, m/s2；
n9--- booster number；
I --- ith booster.
Washing water quantity after the completion of reparation：
In formula：q9i--- washing water quantity flow, m3/ h obtains area according to caliber, further according to factors such as pressure, estimates broken pipe
Flow rate of water flow；
t10i--- washing time, h, the length of time depend on the chlorine residue situation after rinsing；；
n9--- booster number；
I --- ith booster.
8) other water consumptions
This part water includes emergency water, the water in case of emergency called.Such as cut off the water and electricity supply suddenly and from disappearing
Water, fire emergency water that fiery bolt is taken etc., are calculated using following formula.
In formula：q10i--- ith emergency water average flow rate, m3/ h is obtained according to the bore of fire hydrant and water velocity
Go out；
t10i--- ith emergency water duration, h；
n10--- emergency waterside number；
I --- ith emergency water.
(3) metering loss water
From water supply network water trade settlement point analysis, metering loss water is primarily present at following two points：
1) caused by the metering performance of table tool, referred to as table tool measurement error loses water.
2) water loss generated by the difference of metering method, referred to as total score difference lose water.Refer mainly to unit
Lou Menbiao and the metering difference or pump house summary table of multi-storey building user and high residential building user.
Resident's total score difference loses water Qm1：
In formula：Qmr--- the urbanite water consumption amount read the ammeter directly；
Cmr--- resident's total score difference rate, each water-supplying unit is according to sample measuring.
Non-resident customer meter error loss water Qm2：
In formula：QmL--- non-resident user's water consumption；
CmL--- non-resident customer meter metering loss rate, each water-supplying unit is according to sample measuring.
In addition, summary table and resident divide the total score difference leakage loss water between table, this part water that can exclude to solve in advance.
This part total score difference leakage loss water is the difference of the flowmeter water and manual metering summation statistics of summary table.
(4) unknown losses water
Unknown losses water should be done according to local circumstance combination inspection to be determined with field research on the spot, is commonly divided into
Several classes below：
1)-domestic consumer is illegally taken over
Average daily loss water=specified water consumption of number of users × each household=total home-use amount × illegal take over estimation ratio
×0.55m3/ family
According to experience, domestic consumer accounts for about total home-use amount 1 ‰ are illegally taken over, total home-use amount can be according to meter reading
Data obtain；If being 157L/ (people d) according to everyone water consumption, calculated according to average 3.5 people/family, each household water consumption is
0.55m3/ (family d).
2)-other users are illegally taken over
Average daily loss water=take over the specified water consumption of number × user=main pipe total length/300 × illegal take over estimation ratio
Example × 500L/ (water-service pipe d)
According to experience, average per 300m, there are one to take over water spot, can investigate the main pipe total length of 75mm or more, wherein
Exist on 2 ‰ main pipes and illegally take over, calculates illegal take over estimative figure；Illegal take over other users are mainly business, office, factory
The type of productions water such as room, building site, it is 3.0 ten thousand m to take other users unit area water consumption herein3/(km2D), 2000m is taken2/
Water-service pipe, then other users be rated for 60m3/ (water-service pipe d).
3) non-registered users-water pipe destruction and bypass pipe etc.
The average daily loss water=specified water consumption of non-registered users number × each household=registration user × non-registered users estimation
Ratio × 525L/ (family d)
According to experience, non-registered users include domestic consumer and other users, this certain customers accounts for the 1 ‰ of total registration user；
Each household water consumption takes the specified water consumption of mean value calculation of the two, if domestic consumer and retail shop are only considered, in building water supply and drainage
Think that retail shop's water consumption is 10L/ (m2D), conventional retail shop's size is 50m2, can obtain water consumption be 500L/ (family d), i.e.,
(550+500)/2=525L/ (family d)
4) it is undiscovered it is illegal use fire hydrant
Fire hydrant sum × 0.5% × 4h × 54m in average daily loss water=region3/h
According to investigation of working at a selected spot on the spot, there is 0.5% to be illegally used, and mostly occur at night, the time takes 4h, and flow is by disappearing
Fiery bolt design discharge 15L/s=54m3/ h carries out calculating water.
5) data processing mistake
It can be by exporting charge data (being usually nearest 24 months), and utilize standard database software to these data
It is analyzed, it is possible to find data processing mistake.
6) potential leakage loss water
The leakage water for being not detected and not repaired.
4, leakage loss data calculate
Computable leakage loss data include in the present invention：Production and marketing difference water and leakage ratio, leakage loss water and leak rate,
Water and leak rate are missed, such as table 2 is calculated.
2 leakage loss data computational chart of table
| Classification | Calculation formula |
| Production and marketing difference water | Production and marketing difference water=for water inventory-charged water consumption amount |
| Leakage ratio | Leakage ratio=production and marketing difference water/for water inventory × 100% |
| Leakage loss water | Leakage loss water=production and marketing difference water-free water consumption |
| Leak rate | Leak rate=leakage loss water/for water inventory × 100% |
| Miss water | Miss water=leakage loss water-metering loss water-unknown losses water |
| Leak rate | Leak rate=leakage water/for water inventory × 100% |
With reference to a case, the present invention will be described in detail.
1, determine that water forms in conjunction with actual conditions
The water supply company ZZ of the cities A service area about 150km2, about 2,300,000 people of service population, 1,400,000 m of average daily coefficient3,
The above duct lengths of water supply network DN75 are about 3600km, in dress water meter number 750,000.The water supply company without outsourcing water supply,
Therefore self-produced water supply is for water inventory.Therefore estimation leak rate needs are collected and constitute self-produced water supply, meter when the application present invention
Take water measurement amount, free water measurement amount, the non-water measurement amount of charging, free non-water measurement amount and metering loss water
Each item data of amount and unknown losses water.
2, simultaneously statistical metering water usage data is collected
City's charging water measurement amount is recorded and can be obtained by the water of selling of the system of appointing national minority hereditary headmen in the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, free water measurement amount Q3No record, because
This is through statistics, the city year total supply QwsFor 520,000,000 m3, charging water measurement amount Q1For 395,200,000 m3。
3, non-metering water quantity calculates
For the non-water measurement amount Q of charging2, which is estimated and is recorded according to process proposed herein
Volume, therefore calculating process is repeated no more in case, its result of calculation is only enumerated in table 4.
For freely non-water measurement amount Q4, water quality guarantee discharge water V need to be calculated4, fire-fighting fire extinguishing water consumption V5And disappear
Anti- trained water consumption V6, pipe network improving rinse water consumption V7, repairing water consumption V8And other water consumptions V9.Due to nothing in case
Pipe network tip let-down records, therefore water quality guarantee discharge water V4Only periodically wash by water water V comprising fire hydrant4-1, which disappears fire
Bolt quantity is about 20000, then the fire hydrant quantity rinsed every time：
N1=20000 × 30%=6000
Fire hydrant is periodically washed by water water：
V4-1Ten thousand m of=1.91 × 3 × 6000 × 7=243
It is recorded according to fire department, frequency n of putting out a fire5It is 4530 times, frequency of training n6It it is 8606 times, therefore fire-fighting fire extinguishing is used
Water：
V5Ten thousand m of=23.4 × 1 × 10 × 4530=1063
Fire drill water consumption：
V6Ten thousand m of=8606 × 5 × 16.5=713
Secondary water supply tank pool volume VR1For 270,000 m3, secondary water-supply underground tank volume VR2For 10.15 ten thousand m3, then
Water is cleaned in secondary water supply tank pond：
V7Ten thousand m of=27 × 2 × 2=1083
Secondary water-supply underground tank cleans water：
V8Ten thousand m of=10.15 × 40% × 2 × 2=163
Pipe network improving rinse water consumption V9And repairing water V10It is 1,240,000 m according to record3
User's water consumption QmrAccount for charging water measurement amount Q140%, i.e. 15808m3, then non-resident user's water consumption QmL
60% is accounted for, is 23712m3.The laboratory data provided by the ZZ system of appointing national minority hereditary headmen in the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, resident's total score difference rate CmrAbout 7%, non-residence
People's customer meter metering loss rate CmrAbout 3%, then：
Resident's total score difference loses water：
Non-resident customer meter error loses water：
Therefore metering loss water Q5For 1923.21 ten thousand m3
Unknown losses water Q6Calculate such as following table table 3：
Table 3：Unknown losses water computational chart
Therefore each section water usage data is as shown in following table table 4：
Table 4：The cities A water consumption detail list
4, leakage loss data calculate
Leakage loss data computational chart is as shown in following table table 5：
Table 5：The cities A leakage loss data computational chart
| Classification | The m of water/ten thousand3 | Ratio/% |
| Total supply Qws | 52000 | 100 |
| Water consumption of charging Q1+Q3 | 42325 | 81.39 |
| Free water consumption Q2+Q4 | 449 | 0.86 |
| Metering loss water Q5 | 1923.21 | 3.70 |
| Unknown losses water Q6 | 866.74 | 1.66 |
| Production and marketing difference water Qps | 9675 | 18.61 |
| Leakage loss water Qlk | 9226 | 17.74 |
| Miss water Qls | 6436.05 | 12.38 |
Therefore, it is computed gained, the leakage loss situation data in the city are：
Production and marketing difference water QpsFor 9675m3, leakage ratio η is 18.61%；
Leakage loss water QlkFor 9226m3, leak rate ξ is 17.74%；
Miss water QlsFor 6436.05m3, leak rate δ is 12.38%.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of method of estimation of the urban water supply pipe network model rate based on Balance Analysis, which is characterized in that including following step
Suddenly：
1) composition of all kinds of waters is determined according to water balance table；
2) simultaneously statistical metering water data are collected；
3) according to the corresponding detailed rules of calculation of all kinds of waters, all kinds of waters are calculated；
4) no income water and leakage loss water is calculated, leakage water is obtained, to obtain leakage ratio, leak rate and leakage
Rate.
2. a kind of method of estimation of urban water supply pipe network model rate based on Balance Analysis according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, in the step 2), all kinds of waters include charging water measurement amount Q1, the non-water measurement amount Q of charging2, free meter
Measure water consumption Q3, free non-water measurement amount Q4, metering loss water Q5With unknown losses water Q6。
3. a kind of method of estimation of urban water supply pipe network model rate based on Balance Analysis according to claim 2,
It is characterized in that, the non-water measurement amount Q of the charging2Including stealing water V1, pipe network artificial destruction loss water V2, turn supply water
Amount and water supply line new construction washing water quantity V3, calculating formula is：
Q2=V1+V2+V3。
4. a kind of method of estimation of urban water supply pipe network model rate based on Balance Analysis according to claim 3,
It is characterized in that, the pilferage water V1Calculating formula be：
V1=kq1·t1
Wherein, k is pressure correction value, q1For average flow rate, t1For the time of breaking rules and regulations；
The pipe network artificial destruction loss water V2Calculating formula be：
Wherein, n1For artificial destruction number, q2iIt is ith water pipe by damage flow, t2iDuration, q are damaged for ith water pipenom
For water pipe normal discharge, VfFor washing water quantity,
The water supply line new construction washing water quantity V3Calculating formula be：
Wherein, n2For new construction number, q3iFor ith new construction flushing flow rate, t3iIt rinses and continues for ith new construction
Time.
5. a kind of method of estimation of urban water supply pipe network model rate based on Balance Analysis according to claim 2,
It is characterized in that, the free non-water measurement amount Q4Including water quality guarantee discharge water V4, fire-fighting fire extinguishing water consumption V5, fire-fighting
Training water consumption V6, pipe network improving washing water quantity V7, secondary water supply tank pond cleaning water V8, secondary water-supply underground tank it is clear
Leaching requirement V9, repairing water consumption V10With other water consumptions V11, calculating formula is：
Q4=V4+V5+V6+V7+V8+V9+V10+V11。
6. a kind of method of estimation of urban water supply pipe network model rate based on Balance Analysis according to claim 5,
It is characterized in that, water V is discharged in the water quality guarantee4For the regular let-down water V of floss hole4-1And the regular amount of flush water V of fire hydrant4-2
The sum of, the regular let-down water V of floss hole4-1With the regular amount of flush water V of fire hydrant4-2Calculating formula be：
V4-2=q5·t5·N1·n4
Wherein, q4iFor the let-down average flow rate obtained with flow velocity product according to discharge open area, t4iFor let-down time, n3For let-down
Total degree, q5For fire hydrant periodic flushing bolt mouth average flow rate, t5For fire hydrant periodic flushing flushing period, N1To rinse every time
Fire hydrant quantity, n4For fire hydrant periodic flushing number；
The fire-fighting fire extinguishing water consumption V5Calculating formula be：
V5=q6×t6×m×n5
Wherein, q6For every monitor flow, t6For attack time, m, which is fire extinguishing, averagely needs hydraulic giant, n5For according to the complete of fire-fighting yearbook
The number of fire occurs for city；
The fire drill water consumption V6Calculating formula be：
V6=n6·N2·q7
Wherein, q7For the water tank volume of each fire fighting truck, N2For the fire fighting truck quantity averagely trained every time, n6For total frequency of training；
The pipe network improving washing water quantity V7Calculating formula be：
V7=q8×n7
Wherein, q8It is transformed for each water meter, n7For water meter number；
The secondary water supply tank pond cleaning water V8Calculating formula be：
V8=VR1×n8×t7；
The secondary water-supply underground tank cleaning water V9Calculating formula be：
V9=VR2× 40% × n8×t8
Wherein, VR1For water tank capacity, VR2For water tank capacity, n8It is converted into water tank (pond) volume for emptying water, washing water quantity
Coefficient, t7For secondary water supply tank pond wash number, t8For secondary water-supply underground tank wash number；
The repairing water consumption V10For the water V of booster loss10-1With the washing water quantity V for repairing completion10-2The sum of, wherein it is quick-fried
The water V of pipe loss10-1Calculating formula be：
Repair the washing water quantity V completed10-2Calculating formula be：
Wherein, n9For booster number, C1Going out stream to leak for earthing influences, C2For discharge coefficient, AiFor ith booster leak hole face
Product, H1iFor ith booster aperture pressure, t9iFor ith booster leak source existence time, g is acceleration of gravity, q9iFor flushing water
Measure flow, t10iFor washing time；
The water that other described water consumptions include emergency water and in case of emergency call, other water consumptions V12Calculating formula
For：
Wherein, n10For emergency waterside number, q10iFor ith emergency water average flow rate, t10iWhen continuing for ith emergency water
Between.
7. a kind of method of estimation of urban water supply pipe network model rate based on Balance Analysis according to claim 2,
It is characterized in that, the metering loss water Q5Water and non-resident customer meter error are lost including resident's total score difference
Water is lost, resident's total score difference loses water Qm1Calculating formula be：
Wherein, QmrFor the urbanite water consumption amount read the ammeter directly, CmrFor resident's total score difference rate；
The non-resident customer meter error loss water Qm2Calculating formula be：
Wherein, QmLFor non-resident user's water consumption, CmLFor non-resident customer meter metering loss rate.
8. a kind of method of estimation of urban water supply pipe network model rate based on Balance Analysis according to claim 2,
It is characterized in that, the unknown losses water Q6It is illegally taken over including domestic consumer, other users are illegally taken over, non-registered users
Water pipe destroys and bypass pipe, undiscovered illegal use fire hydrant, data processing mistake, potential leakage loss water.
9. a kind of method of estimation of urban water supply pipe network model rate based on Balance Analysis according to claim 2,
It is characterized in that, in the step 4), the calculating formula of leakage ratio η is：
Qps=Qws-Q1-Q3
Wherein, QpsFor production and marketing difference water, QwsFor for water inventory；
The calculating formula of leak rate ξ is：
Qlk=Qps-Q2-Q4
Wherein, QlkFor leakage loss water；
The calculating formula of leak rate δ is：
Qls=Qlk-Q5-Q6
Wherein, QlsTo miss water.
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| CN111462467A (en) * | 2020-06-18 | 2020-07-28 | 浙江和达科技股份有限公司 | Water supply data acquisition method and system based on partition metering |
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| CN112482497B (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2022-06-07 | 铜陵市供水安装有限责任公司 | Intelligent pump room capable of judging water supply abnormity based on data model |
| CN112594555A (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2021-04-02 | 熊猫智慧水务有限公司 | Water-saving space assessment method based on pipeline leakage and tail end abnormity |
| CN113435796A (en) * | 2021-08-26 | 2021-09-24 | 中冶节能环保有限责任公司 | Water quality and water quantity early warning method and system based on single connection point |
| CN113887907A (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2022-01-04 | 江苏禹治流域管理技术研究院有限公司 | Water supply pipe network water leakage point statistical system |
| CN113887907B (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2024-06-04 | 江苏禹治流域管理技术研究院有限公司 | Water supply network water leakage point statistical system |
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