CN108673362B - 一种新型金刚石有序排列金属磨块的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种新型金刚石有序排列金属磨块的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN108673362B
CN108673362B CN201810568587.4A CN201810568587A CN108673362B CN 108673362 B CN108673362 B CN 108673362B CN 201810568587 A CN201810568587 A CN 201810568587A CN 108673362 B CN108673362 B CN 108673362B
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layer
powder
diamonds
grinding block
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吴建
郑腾标
纪勇
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Huada Superabrasive Tool Technology Co ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D18/00—Manufacture of grinding tools or other grinding devices, e.g. wheels, not otherwise provided for
    • B24D18/0009—Manufacture of grinding tools or other grinding devices, e.g. wheels, not otherwise provided for using moulds or presses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
    • B22F3/14—Both compacting and sintering simultaneously
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
    • B22F7/02—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D18/00—Manufacture of grinding tools or other grinding devices, e.g. wheels, not otherwise provided for
    • B24D18/0072—Manufacture of grinding tools or other grinding devices, e.g. wheels, not otherwise provided for using adhesives for bonding abrasive particles or grinding elements to a support, e.g. by gluing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
    • B24D3/02—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent
    • B24D3/04—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially inorganic
    • B24D3/06—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially inorganic metallic or mixture of metals with ceramic materials, e.g. hard metals, "cermets", cements
    • B24D3/10—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially inorganic metallic or mixture of metals with ceramic materials, e.g. hard metals, "cermets", cements for porous or cellular structure, e.g. for use with diamonds as abrasives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
    • B22F3/14—Both compacting and sintering simultaneously
    • B22F2003/145—Both compacting and sintering simultaneously by warm compacting, below debindering temperature

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种新型金刚石有序排列金属磨块的制备方法。采用带有均匀分布气孔模板的吸盘吸附金刚石，放置于粘接层冷压坯上，形成一层有序排列金刚石层，接着将带有有序排列金刚石层放置于可调整压头位置的石墨模具内，布上一层焊料层粉末，并刮平。重复上述步骤直至填满模腔，采用热压烧结制成新型有序排列金刚石磨块。本发明具有磨削效率高，锋利度好，使用寿命长，稳定性高、抗冲击性能强，磨抛连续性强，特别是产品通用性强，适应性广，适合磨削多种类型产品，包括天然石材、混凝土以及人造石英石等。

Description

一种新型金刚石有序排列金属磨块的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及天然石材、人造石英石以及混凝土粗磨的技术领域，具体涉及一种通用性强、使用寿命长、锋利度好的金刚石有序排列金属磨块的制备方法。
背景技术
目前，在天然石材、人造石英石以及混凝土等磨削产品中均存在着通用性不强、磨削效率低、加工成本高等缺点，造成这一现象主要有如下几个方面：
1.在常规磨削工具中，金刚石在金属胎体中分布是无序的，不同区域金刚石的浓度并不相同：在金刚石富集区，金刚石浓度高且密集，易出现胎体对其把吃力不足而自动脱落，同时富集区未脱落的金刚石由于单颗所受的冲击力小，容易被磨圆和抛光，导致切削效率的下降；在金刚石稀少区，金刚石的浓度低，又容易导致金刚石颗粒工作时因承受负荷过大而造成脱落或者破碎，导致磨削效率低，金刚石寿命短等现象；
2.目前常规磨削工具主要采用金属粉末与金刚石混合，通过热压烧结而成，胎体材料对金刚石的把持主要通过机械镶嵌实现，两者间的结合强度低，金刚石容易过早脱落，磨料利用率低，工磨具寿命短等问题。
鉴于此，本案发明人对上述问题进行深入研究，研制出一种既能提高了效率，又能延长寿命，以获得具有磨削效率高、出刃高度大、使用寿命长、稳定性好的磨削产品。具体解决方法如下：
1.鉴于常规工具金刚石的随机分布，我们采用金刚石采用有序排列，在磨块中呈均匀分布，较大程度上避免了传统磨具在金刚石富集区的浪费，以及低浓度区域，金刚石颗粒工作时因承受负荷过大而容易造成脱落或者破碎。
2.鉴于胎体粉末与金刚石的结合强度不高，我们在金刚石周边填充钎焊金属粉末，以实现金刚石磨粒与钎焊合金之间的冶金结合，保证金刚石与胎体较高的结合强度，以获得较高的金刚石出刃高度。同时每层金刚石之间含有脆性粘结相，从而实现多层钎焊金刚石，保证每一层金刚石磨削效率下降后，新一层金刚石能够及时出刃，显著地提高了磨具的磨削效率和使用寿命。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种通用性强、使用寿命长、锋利度好的金刚石有序排列金属磨块，具体实施方案是：
一种新型金刚石有序排列金属磨块的制备方法，其特征在于包括如下工艺步骤：
1)将混合好的粘接层粉末冷压成具有一定强度的冷压坯；
2)采用带有均匀分布气孔模板的吸盘吸附金刚石，放置于粘接层冷压坯上，形成一层有序排列金刚石层；
3)将带有有序排列金刚石层放置于可调整下压头高度的石墨模具内；
4)在带有金刚石层的冷压坯上布上一层焊料层粉末，刮平粉末；
5)调整压头高度，重复步骤2～4，直至装满整个石墨模腔；
6)将石墨模具放置于热压烧结机中烧结制成有序排列金刚石磨块。
一种新型金刚石有序排列金属磨块的制备方法，其特征在于所述的粘接层粉末采用Cu、Sn、Ti并添加一定量的石墨粒；
进一步，所述粘接层冷压坯表面喷涂上一层胶水；
一种新型金刚石有序排列金属磨块的制备方法，其特征在于所述吸盘模板设有若干纵横等距离排列的气孔；
进一步，所述吸盘模板上的气孔直径略小于金刚石的粒径；
一种新型金刚石有序排列金属磨块的制备方法，其特征在于所述焊料层采用Ni-Cr粉末添加一定量的B和Si；
进一步，所述坯体上填充的焊料层粉末，以全面覆盖金刚石颗粒并略微高出金刚石的高度为宜；
进一步，所述焊料层粉末填充高度采用调整压头的位置配合刮料控制。
较之现有技术，本发明的优点在于同时结合了钎焊金刚石胎体与金刚石之间较高的结合强度，以及金刚石有序排列中磨粒的均匀分布和受力，有效的提高了金刚石的利用效率，同时还摆脱了单层钎焊金刚石寿命短的缺点，实现金刚石多层有序排列，从而使所研制的磨块通用性强、锋利度好、使用寿命长。
附图说明
下面参照附图结合实施例对本发明做进一步说明：
图1是带有均匀分布气孔的吸盘模具；
图2是粘接层压坯布上有序排列金刚石后的截面示意图；
图3是带有可上下调节压头位置的模具示意图；
图4是装有多层复合坯体的模具示意图；
图5是通过热压烧结后的新型金刚石有序排列磨块截面示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步详细说明：
步骤一：将混合好的Cu、Sn、Ti并添加一定量石墨粒的粘接层粉末，冷压成具有一定强度的冷压坯，冷压坯的厚度以2～5倍金刚石粒径为宜。
步骤二：参照图1和图2所示，采用装有模板1的吸盘吸附金刚石4，模板1上设有纵横等距离排列的气孔2，气孔2的直径略小于金刚石4的粒径，将吸附的金刚石4放置于粘接层冷压坯3上，形成一层有序排列金刚石层。粘接层冷压坯3上喷涂一层胶水，以确保金刚石4在冷压坯3上的位置不发生移动；
步骤三：如图3所示，将带有均匀分布的金刚石层4的冷压坯3放置于石墨模具 7内，石墨模具内设有可以自由调节上下位置的压头6；
步骤四：在带有均匀分布的金刚石层4的冷压坯3布上一层焊料层粉末5，焊料层采用Ni-Cr粉末添加一定量的B和Si，粉末的高度通过调节压头6的位置确定，以比金刚石高度高0.3～0.6mm为宜；
步骤五：将高于石墨模具7上端面的焊料层粉末5采用刮板刮平；
步骤六：如图4所示，移动压头6，重复步骤二～步骤五，直至装满整个石墨模具；
步骤七：将装有复合坯体石墨模具采用热压烧结制成有序排列金刚石磨块，根据不同的胎体粉末比例烧结温度并不相同，一般控制在740℃～830℃，为了保证钎焊层粉末与金刚石较好的形成冶金结合，并综合考虑到生产效率问题，保温时间以4～5min为佳。烧结后的新型金刚石有序排列磨块的截面示意图如图5所示。
以上所述，仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已，并非对本发明的技术范围作任何限制，故但凡依本发明的权利要求和说明书所做的变化或修饰，皆应属于本发明专利涵盖的范围之内。

Claims (4)

1.一种新型金刚石有序排列金属磨块的制备方法，其特征在于，包括如下工艺步骤：
1)将混合好的粘接层粉末冷压成具有一定强度的冷压坯,所述的粘接层粉末采用Cu、Sn、Ti并添加一定量的石墨粒；
2)采用带有均匀分布气孔模板的吸盘吸附金刚石，放置于粘接层冷压坯上，形成一层带有有序排列金刚石层压坯;
3)将带有有序排列金刚石层压坯放置于可上下调整压头位置的石墨模具内；
4)在带有金刚石层的冷压坯上布上一层焊料层粉末，高出模具上端面的粉料采用刮板刮平，所述焊料层采用Ni-Cr粉末并添加一定量的B和Si；
5)调整压头高度配合刮料控制，以形成层片状交替结构的方式重复步骤2～4，直至装满整个石墨模腔；
6)采用热压烧结制成有序排列金刚石磨块，所述烧结温度为740℃～830℃，保温时间为4～5min。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种新型金刚石有序排列金属磨块的制备方法，其特征在于，所述粘接层冷压坯表面喷涂上一层胶水。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种新型金刚石有序排列金属磨块的制备方法，其特征在于，所述吸盘模板上的气孔直径略小于金刚石的粒径。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种新型金刚石有序排列金属磨块的制备方法，其特征在于，所述冷压坯上填充的焊料层粉末，以全面覆盖金刚石颗粒并略微高出金刚石的高度为宜。
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