CN108673240A - A kind of net material removal of numerical control milling based on tool abrasion is than energy computational methods - Google Patents
A kind of net material removal of numerical control milling based on tool abrasion is than energy computational methods Download PDFInfo
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- CN108673240A CN108673240A CN201810820951.1A CN201810820951A CN108673240A CN 108673240 A CN108673240 A CN 108673240A CN 201810820951 A CN201810820951 A CN 201810820951A CN 108673240 A CN108673240 A CN 108673240A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of net material removal ratio energy computational methods of the numerical control milling based on tool abrasion, using following steps：1）The net material removal ratio energy computation model of numerical control milling of the foundation based on tool abrasion, 2）Establish net material removal than can measurement method, 3）Calculate net material removal than can undetermined coefficient in computation model, 4）According to machined parameters, tool abrasion, calculates the net material removal of numerical control milling and compare energy.It is characterized in that, first according to the relationship of milling energy consumption and Milling Force and machined parameters, the net material removal of numerical control milling based on tool abrasion is established than energy computation model；The net material removal of numerical control milling is established than energy measurement method；Then it is tested to obtain an over-determined systems by milling, least square solution is asked to obtain net material removal than undetermined coefficient in energy computation model；The net material removal of numerical control milling is finally calculated according to machined parameters and tool abrasion and compares energy.The present invention considers the influence of tool abrasion, calculates simple, precision height.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of net material removals of numerical control milling than energy computational methods, is ground based on cutter more particularly to one kind
The net material removal of numerical control milling of damage amount is than energy computational methods.
Background technology
CNC milling machine consumes a large amount of electric energy during the work time.CNC milling machine is after powering and main shaft, feed shaft, cooling
The power not under working condition such as liquid pump is known as lathe standby power, is constant.So lathe standby energy consumption depends on lathe
Working time, i.e., from booting to the time of shutdown.Main shaft zero load rotation is not added with working hour, and spindle motor consumption power is known as main shaft sky
Power is carried, so main shaft no-load power consumption depends on main shaft actual motion time and the speed of mainshaft.It is frequently necessary in Milling Process
Logical coolant liquid, coolant pump electrical consumption power are constant.
It is empty can to measure lathe energy consumption, lathe standby energy consumption, main shaft by level instrumentation in practical NC Milling
Energy consumption, cooling pump energy consumption of electrical machinery are carried, lathe standby energy consumption, main shaft no-load power consumption and cooling pump are then isolated from lathe energy consumption
Energy consumption of electrical machinery is digitally controlled the net material removal energy consumption of milling.The net material removal energy consumption calculation process of the numerical control milling is needed by work(
Rate measuring instrument, and calculate more complicated.
The ratio between the net material removal energy consumption of numerical control milling and material removal volume are known as the net material removal of numerical control milling and compare energy.Number
Controlling the net material removal ratio of milling can be closely related with machined parameters, tool abrasion.How according to machined parameters, tool wear
Amount simply accurately calculates the net material removal of numerical control milling than energy, how to optimize machined parameters for research to reduce energy consumption
With important directive significance, it has also become those skilled in the art are badly in need of the technical issues of solving.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of simple, accurate net material removals of numerical control milling than energy computational methods.
Its technical solution is：Using following steps：1）Establish the net material removal ratio of numerical control milling based on tool abrasion
Energy computation model, 2）Establish the net material removal of numerical control milling than can measurement method, 3）It calculates the net material removal of numerical control milling and compares energy
Each undetermined coefficient in computation model, 4）According to machined parameters, tool abrasion, calculates the net material removal of numerical control milling and compare energy.
It is characterized in that：
Step 1）In, generally exponential formula is used to calculate Milling Force according to machined parameters in milling process, in same machined parameters
Influence of the bottom tool abrasion to Milling Force is also exponential law.According to milling energy consumption characteristics, the number based on tool abrasion is established
The net material removal of milling is controlled than energy computation model：
Unet=b×ap c×ae d×fx×Vy×(1+w)z (1)
Wherein, UnetIt is that the net material removal of milling compares energy；apIt is back engagement of the cutting edge；aeIt is working engagement of the cutting edge；F is the amount of feeding；V is cutting
Speed；W is cutter wear amount；B, c, d, x, y, z are and cutter material, the relevant undetermined coefficient of workpiece material.
Step 2）In, the net material removal of numerical control milling is established than energy measurement method：
Enet=EM-Eidle-Esu-Ecool (2)
Unet= Enet∕Q (3)
Wherein, EnetIt is net material removal energy consumption in numerical control milling；EMIt is to terminate CNC milling machine energy consumption to milling since milling；
EidleIt is to terminate lathe standby energy consumption to milling since milling, because lathe standby power is fixed value, can measure, so
EidleDepending on the practical milling time；EsuIt is to terminate to milling since milling, when machine tool chief axis is rotated with setting speed zero load
Spindle motor energy consumption, after setting the speed of mainshaft, main shaft zero load rotary power is constant, can be measured in advance；EcoolIt is from milling
Start to terminate cooling pump energy consumption of electrical machinery to milling, because cooling pump power of motor is fixed value, can measure, so EcoolIt depends on
The practical milling time；Q is material removal volume in milling.
Step 3）In, calculation formula（1）The net material removal is than each undetermined coefficient in energy computation model：In cutter material
After material, workpiece material determine, chooses a cuboid workpiece surface and each Milling Process is being processed as milling object
Milling cutter tool flank wear is measured respectively after preceding and processing, is averaged as cutter wear amount w in the secondary Milling Process；It chooses
13 groups or more machined parameters carry out milling experiment, by ap、ae, f, V, w and use formula（2）（3）Measure obtained UnetIt substitutes into public
Formula（1）, an over-determined systems are obtained, undetermined coefficient b, c, d, x, y, z are calculated based on least square method.
Step 4）In, according to machined parameters ap、ae, f, V and tool abrasion w, can be not by level instrumentation
In the case of, by formula（1）It calculates the net material removal of numerical control milling and compares energy.
The present invention compared with the conventional method, its advantage is that：Machined parameters are considered, the influence of tool abrasion is counted
The net material removal of numerical control milling is calculated than energy, computational methods are simple, and computational accuracy is high.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the net material removal of numerical control milling of the present invention than energy calculation flow chart.
Fig. 2 is the net material removal of numerical control milling of the present invention than undetermined coefficient calculation flow chart in energy computation model.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention is described in further detail with reference to Fig. 1 Fig. 2.
Step 1）In, according to the relationship of energy consumption characteristics in milling process and Milling Force and machined parameters, establishes and be based on knife
Has the net material removal of numerical control milling of wear extent than energy computation model：
Unet=b×ap c×ae d×fx×Vy×(1+w)z (1)
Wherein, UnetIt is that the net material removal of milling compares energy；apIt is back engagement of the cutting edge；aeIt is working engagement of the cutting edge；F is the amount of feeding；V is cutting
Speed；W is cutter wear amount；B, c, d, x, y, z are and cutter material, the relevant undetermined coefficient of workpiece material.
Step 2）In, the net material removal of numerical control milling is established than energy measurement method：
Enet=EM-Eidle-Esu-Ecool (2)
Unet= Enet∕Q (3)
Wherein, EnetIt is net material removal energy consumption in numerical control milling；EMIt is to terminate CNC milling machine energy consumption to milling since milling；
EidleIt is to terminate lathe standby energy consumption to milling since milling, because lathe standby power is fixed value, can measure, so
EidleDepending on the practical milling time；EsuIt is to terminate to milling since milling, when machine tool chief axis is rotated with setting speed zero load
Spindle motor energy consumption, after setting the speed of mainshaft, machine tool chief axis zero load rotary power is constant, can be measured in advance；EcoolBe from
Milling starts to terminate cooling pump energy consumption of electrical machinery to milling, because cooling pump power of motor is fixed value, can measure, so EcoolIt takes
Certainly in the practical milling time；Q is material removal volume in milling.
Step 3）In, calculation formula（1）The net material removal of numerical control milling is than each undetermined coefficient in energy computation model：
After cutter material, workpiece material determine, a cuboid workpiece surface is chosen as milling object, for each Milling Process,
Before processing with milling cutter tool flank wear is measured after processing respectively, be averaged as cutter wear amount in the secondary Milling Process
w；It chooses 13 groups or more machined parameters and carries out milling experiment, by ap、ae, f, V, w and use formula（2）（3）Measure obtained Unet
Substitute into formula（1）, an over-determined systems are obtained, undetermined coefficient b, c, d, x, y, z are calculated based on least square method.
Step 4）In, according to machined parameters ap、ae, f, V and tool abrasion w, can be not by level instrumentation
In the case of, by formula（1）It calculates the net material removal of numerical control milling and compares energy.
The present invention is realized in XD-40A vertical numerical control milling machines.Milling workpiece used be 45# steel rectangular blocks 200mm ×
150mm × 60mm, cutter is the carbide end mill of diameter 20mm, using WT1800 power analyzers.14 times have been carried out to put down
Facing cut cuts experiment, measures milling cutter tool flank wear respectively before being processed in experiment every time and after processing, is averaged as this time
Cutter wear amount w in milling experiment.Before milling experiment, lathe standby power first is measured with power analyzer, is turned for difference
Main shaft no-load power and cooling pump power of motor when fast.Machined parameters, tool abrasion and net material removal compare energy in experiment
As shown in table 1.
1 milling test of table and the tool abrasion of actual measurement, net material removal compare energy
14 groups of data in table 1 are substituted into formula（1）An over-determined systems are obtained, undetermined coefficient is found out based on least square method
For：B=297.7831, c=- 0.4067, d=- 0.7545, x=- 0.7514, y=- 0.8137, z=0.3869.Then it is based on tool wear
The net material removal of numerical control milling of amount compares energy computation model：
Unet=297.7831×ap -0.4067×ae -0.7545×f-0.7514×V-0.8137×(1+w) 0.3869 (4)
Computational accuracy of the net material removal of the numerical control milling than energy computational methods is verified with one group of new machined parameters, such as table 2
Shown, it can be 3.72 J/mm to survey net material removal ratio3, use formula（4）The net material removal ratio calculated can be 3.81 J/mm3,
Computational accuracy is 97.6%.
Verification test of the table 2 to the net material removal of established numerical control milling than energy computation model
The present invention has considered machined parameters, the influence of tool abrasion compares energy, meter to calculate the net material removal of numerical control milling
Calculation method is simple, and computational accuracy is high.The invention content contributes to various numerical control milling equipment to select energy-efficient machined parameters, realizes
Low-carbon manufactures.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of net material removal of numerical control milling based on tool abrasion is than energy computational methods, using following steps：1）It establishes
The net material removal ratio energy computation model of numerical control milling based on tool abrasion, 2）Establishing the net material removal ratio of numerical control milling can survey
Amount method, 3）Calculate the net material removal of numerical control milling than energy computation model in each undetermined coefficient, 4）It is ground according to machined parameters, cutter
Damage amount calculates the net material removal of numerical control milling than energy, it is characterised in that：
Step 1）In, according to the relationship of energy consumption characteristics in milling process and Milling Force and machined parameters, establishes and ground based on cutter
The net material removal of numerical control milling of damage amount is than energy computation model：
Unet=b×ap c×ae d×fx×Vy×(1+w)z (1)
Wherein, UnetIt is that the net material removal of milling compares energy；apIt is back engagement of the cutting edge；aeIt is working engagement of the cutting edge；F is the amount of feeding；V is cutting speed
Degree；W is cutter wear amount；B, c, d, x, y, z are undetermined coefficients；
Step 2）In, the net material removal of numerical control milling is established than energy measurement method：
Enet=EM-Eidle-Esu-Ecool (2)
Unet= Enet∕Q (3)
Wherein, EnetIt is net material removal energy consumption in numerical control milling；EMIt is to terminate CNC milling machine energy consumption to milling since milling；
EidleIt is to terminate lathe standby energy consumption to milling since milling；EsuIt is to terminate to milling since milling, machine tool chief axis is to set
Determine spindle motor energy consumption when rotating speed zero load rotation；EcoolIt is to terminate cooling pump energy consumption of electrical machinery to milling since milling；Q is milling
Middle material removal volume；
Step 3）In, the net material removal of numerical control milling is calculated than each undetermined coefficient in energy computation model：In cutter material, workpiece material
Material determine after, choose a cuboid workpiece surface as milling object, for each Milling Process, before processing with after processing
Milling cutter tool flank wear is measured respectively, is averaged as cutter wear amount w in the secondary Milling Process；13 groups or more are chosen to add
Work parameter carries out milling experiment, by back engagement of the cutting edge ap, working engagement of the cutting edge ae, amount of feeding f, cutting speed V, tool abrasion w, and
Use formula（2）（3）The net material removal of obtained milling is measured than energy Unet, substitute into formula（1）Obtain an over-determined systems, base
Undetermined coefficient b, c, d, x, y, z are calculated in least square method；
Step 4）In, according to back engagement of the cutting edge ap, working engagement of the cutting edge ae, amount of feeding f, cutting speed V and tool abrasion w, can be not
In the case of borrowing level instrumentation, by formula（1）It calculates the net material removal of numerical control milling and compares energy.
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| CN109333155A (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2019-02-15 | 山东理工大学 | Energy efficiency online test method in water ring vacuum pump armature spindle numerical control workshop |
| CN109800541A (en) * | 2019-03-04 | 2019-05-24 | 山东理工大学 | Only material is removed when a kind of cylindrical turning than energy calculation method |
| CN111230143A (en) * | 2020-03-13 | 2020-06-05 | 山东理工大学 | Workpiece surface roughness calculation method during excircle turning considering workpiece vibration |
| CN113601265A (en) * | 2021-09-01 | 2021-11-05 | 重庆科技学院 | Method for estimating energy consumption ratio of front tool face and rear tool face of cutter in machining |
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