CN108672644B - The high forging ratio piston seat proceeding closed fine forging method of construction machinery gear box - Google Patents
The high forging ratio piston seat proceeding closed fine forging method of construction machinery gear box Download PDFInfo
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- CN108672644B CN108672644B CN201810420989.XA CN201810420989A CN108672644B CN 108672644 B CN108672644 B CN 108672644B CN 201810420989 A CN201810420989 A CN 201810420989A CN 108672644 B CN108672644 B CN 108672644B
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- Prior art keywords
- piston seat
- finish forge
- cooling
- heating
- gear box
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K1/00—Making machine elements
- B21K1/18—Making machine elements pistons or plungers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J1/00—Preparing metal stock or similar ancillary operations prior, during or post forging, e.g. heating or cooling
- B21J1/04—Shaping in the rough solely by forging or pressing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J1/00—Preparing metal stock or similar ancillary operations prior, during or post forging, e.g. heating or cooling
- B21J1/06—Heating or cooling methods or arrangements specially adapted for performing forging or pressing operations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/002—Hybrid process, e.g. forging following casting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/008—Incremental forging
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/02—Die forging; Trimming by making use of special dies ; Punching during forging
- B21J5/025—Closed die forging
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of piston seat forging methods, more particularly, to a kind of high forging ratio piston seat proceeding closed fine forging method of construction machinery gear box.It mainly solves piston seat present in the prior art and needs the processes such as flat punching machine pier, Single arm processing, trimming in process, therefore machining processes are more, product mechanical performance is poor, and the consumption of material is larger, the weaker equal technical problem of the fatigue resistance of product.The method comprise the steps that selection raw material bar is ground, satisfactory length is cut into after detecting a flaw and carries out blanking；By bar, heating in medium frequency, progress punching press, pre-punching go out the shape of piston seat in heating device；It is put into electric screw press and carries out finish forge, when finish forge first heats piston seat, and electric screw press carries out finish forge for the first time, then piston seat is heated up again and is heated, carry out finish forge again, finally piston seat heats up again and heats, third time finish forge is carried out, goes out piston seat finished product after cooling.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of piston seat forging methods, more particularly, to a kind of high forging ratio piston of construction machinery gear box
Seat proceeding closed fine forging method.
Background technique
Piston seat is an important spare part of gearbox operational part peculiar to vessel, and manufacturing quality will directly affect steamer
It operates normally.Chinese patent discloses a kind of piston seat and piston, internal combustion engine, compressor including the piston seat (authorize public
Announcement number: CN202451818U) comprising ontology is provided with the circular hole through its thickness on the body, and referred to as smooth block accommodates
Hole；At least one end of ontology is provided with the piston pin hole with piston crown connection；Guiding is provided in the two sides of ontology
Side plate, each guiding side plate extend to circular slider accommodation hole or less by one end of setting piston pin hole；Wherein, each guiding side
Plate is greater than its rest part width corresponding to the width of the part of circular slider accommodation hole；In guiding side end and piston seat ontology
Between be provided with reinforcing rib；Each guiding side plate length is enough to move back and forth the piston seat in internal combustion engine or compressor block
When to top dead centre and lower dead center, the support of body is born at both ends；A kind of piston, comprising: bizet, piston seat and piston
Pin；The side opposite with the top of bizet is provided with piston pin bore；Piston seat includes ontology, is provided with runs through on the body
The circular hole of its thickness direction, referred to as circular slider accommodation hole；At least one end of ontology is provided with the work with piston crown connection
Plug pin hole；It is provided with guiding side plate in the two sides of ontology, each guiding side plate is extended to by piston seat piston pin hole one end
Below circular slider accommodation hole；Wherein, each guiding side plate is greater than its its remaining part corresponding to the width of the part of circular slider accommodation hole
Divide width；When assembly, piston pin is inserted into piston pin bore and piston pin hole, is one by bizet and piston seat fixing assembling
Body；A kind of internal combustion engine of circular slider-crank mechanism, including described piston before；A kind of compression of circular slider-crank mechanism
Machine, including described piston before.But this piston seat needs in process that punching machine pier is flat, Single arm processing, cuts
The processes such as side, therefore machining processes are more, product mechanical performance is poor, and the consumption of material is larger, the fatigue resistance of product
It is weaker.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is to provide a kind of high forging ratio piston seat proceeding closed fine forging method of construction machinery gear box, is mainly
It solves piston seat present in the prior art and needs the processes such as flat punching machine pier, Single arm processing, trimming in process, therefore
Machining processes are more, and product mechanical performance is poor, and the consumption of material is larger, and the weaker equal technology of the fatigue resistance of product is asked
Topic.
Above-mentioned technical problem of the invention is mainly to be addressed by following technical proposals:
The high forging ratio piston seat proceeding closed fine forging method of construction machinery gear box of the invention, it is characterised in that described
Method includes:
A. select raw material bar, the surface of bar is ground, cut into after detecting a flaw satisfactory length into
Row blanking；
B. by bar, in heating device then heating in medium frequency carries out bar to 700-750 DEG C on blocking press machine
Punching press, pre-punching go out the shape of piston seat；
C. it will be put into electric screw press by the blank of pre-punching and carry out finish forge, first by piston seat when finish forge
It is heated to 800-850 DEG C, electric screw press carries out finish forge for the first time, and piston seat is then heated to 900-950 DEG C again, electronic
Fly press carries out finish forge again, piston seat is finally heated to 1000-1050 DEG C again, electric screw press carries out third
Secondary finish forge goes out piston seat finished product after cooling.
The present invention can come to carry out mold design to high forging ratio piston seat forging in conjunction with forging simulation softward.The present invention exists
It is divided into the finish forge of different temperatures three times when finish forge, can gradually heats up in finish forge in this way, can be allowed inside piston seat in this way
Crystal structure gradually changes, so that precision when guaranteeing finish forge, eliminates subsequent trimming.
Preferably, the heating device includes heating channel, the lower part for heating channel is equipped with heated transportation chain, adds
The top of the passage of heat is connected with several shafts, and several longitudinally disposed electric heating tubes, the outside of electric heating tube are connected in shaft
Equipped with housing, it is provided with through-hole on housing, heats the electric heating tube that wavy arrangement is distributed on the side wall in channel.Shaft rotation
Afterwards, electric heating tube can heat bar, and since electric heating tube is rotating, heating is more uniform, and due to side wall
On be distributed with undaform arrangement electric heating tube, therefore to the heating of bar be stage by stage, with temperature slight change, this
Sample can guarantee that bar internal stress when being heated can have the leeway of buffering.
It is connected to the first bevel gear preferably, wearing in the shaft, the first bevel gear is engaged with the second bevel gear, owns
Second bevel gear, which is worn, to be connect on transmission shaft, and axis connection driving motor is driven.The rotation of motor driven transmission shaft, passes through the second umbrella tooth
Wheel, the first bevel gear drive more shaft rotations.In this way by a transmission shaft driven, all shafts can be driven to rotate, passed
Efficiency of movement is higher.
Preferably, the electric screw press includes organic frame, upper rack is equipped with crossbeam, and crossbeam is equipped with pressure
Force motor, pressure motor are connected with screw rod, and screw rod lower end is connected with sliding block tup, and sliding block tup is slidably connected in guide rail, leads
Rail connects on the rack, and finish forge upper mold is fixed on the lower end surface of sliding block tup, and the lower part of rack is equipped with pedestal, and pedestal is equipped with
Finish forge lower die, the rack around finish forge lower die are equipped with a pair of of telescopic rod, every telescopic rod all connection liquid cylinder pressures, telescopic rod it is interior
End is equipped with the heat block of arc, and the inner surface of heat block is equipped with the heating coil of several S types setting.The present invention by upper mold,
Increase heat block around lower die, so that heat block can surround piston seat blank and be heated after upper mold rises.The setting of S type
Heating coil can guarantee the uniformity of heating.The mechanism heated three times is set up directly on electric screw press, such energy
Piston seat is enough reduced to take out and the step of being put into.Pressure motor is directly connected to screw rod, can increase transmission efficiency.
Preferably, the edge of the finish forge lower die is equipped with mounting groove, temperature detector, temperature inspection are equipped in mounting groove
It surveys device and hydraulic station, hydraulic station connection liquid cylinder pressure is connected by cnc mechanism.When temperature detector can sense heat block heating
Temperature change, can controlling hydraulic station by cnc mechanism in this way, whether driving hydraulic cylinder, telescopic rod work.
Preferably, the two sides of the rack are equipped with the arc cavity that can accommodate heat block, telescopic rod, which is worn, to be connect in rack
On, the inner wall of arc cavity is equipped with graphite linings.When the decline of sliding block tup, heat block can be hidden in arc cavity, when
When needing to heat, telescopic rod drives heat block to stretch out.Graphite linings can play the role of it is resistant to high temperature, to protect rack.
Preferably, the cooling carries out in cooling body, cooling body includes cooling duct, in cooling duct
Equipped with cooling carrier chain, the bottom of cooling carrier chain is equipped with cooling water tank, and cooling water tank is three-stage, is equipped with heat-insulated gear therebetween
Plate, is both provided with condenser pipe and temperature inductor in each section of cooling water tank, and the top of cooling carrier chain is equipped with cooling fan, and three
The temperature of section cooling water tank is respectively set to 20-30 DEG C, 10-15 DEG C, 2-8 DEG C.By water cooling and air-cooled combination, can be improved
Cooling efficiency, and cooling water tank can connect circulating water pipe, and the cooling water after absorption heat, which also can be carried out, in this way recycles.
Each section of cooling water tank can be controlled individually, after temperature inductor monitors temperature change, can be controlled by cnc mechanism cold
Solidifying pipe adjusts temperature, to guarantee to cheat effect but.
Therefore, the present invention reduces trimming technology than original process, reduces machining allowance, optimizes preforming work
Skill improves product mechanical performance and reduces the consumption of material, not only saves manpower and material resources, and it is anti-to improve product
Fatigue strength.
Detailed description of the invention
Attached drawing 1 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of heating device of the present invention；
Attached drawing 2 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of electric screw press of the present invention；
Attached drawing 3 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of heat block of the present invention Yu arc cavity；
Attached drawing 4 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of heating coil of the present invention；
Attached drawing 5 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of cooling body of the present invention；
Attached drawing 6 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of inventive piston seat.
Components, position and number in figure: heating channel 1, shaft 3, electric heating tube 4, housing 5, leads to heated transportation chain 2
Hole 6, the first bevel gear 7, the second bevel gear 8, transmission shaft 9, driving motor 10, rack 11, crossbeam 12, pressure motor 13, screw rod
14, sliding block tup 15, guide rail 16, finish forge upper mold 17, pedestal 18, finish forge lower die 19, telescopic rod 20, hydraulic cylinder 21, heat block 22,
Heating coil 23, mounting groove 24, temperature detector 25, arc cavity 26, graphite linings 27, cooling duct 28, cooling carrier chain 29,
Cooling water tank 30, thermal baffle 31, condenser pipe 32, temperature inductor 33, cooling fan 34, piston seat 35.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawing the technical solutions of the present invention will be further described.
Embodiment: the high forging ratio piston seat proceeding closed fine forging method of the construction machinery gear box of this example the steps include:
A. select raw material bar, the surface of bar is ground, cut into after detecting a flaw satisfactory length into
Row blanking；
B. by bar, in heating device then bar is carried out punching press to 750 DEG C by heating in medium frequency on blocking press machine,
Pre-punching goes out the shape of piston seat；Wherein heating device such as Fig. 1, includes heating channel 1, and the lower part for heating channel is equipped with heating
Carrier chain 2, the top for heating channel are connected with several shafts 3, and several longitudinally disposed electric heating tubes 4 are connected in shaft, electricity
The outside of heating tube is equipped with housing 5, is provided with through-hole 6 on housing, heats the electricity that wavy arrangement is distributed on the side wall in channel
Heating tube wears in shaft and is connected to the first bevel gear 7, and the first bevel gear is engaged with the second bevel gear 8, and all second bevel gears, which are worn, to be connect
On transmission shaft 9, it is driven axis connection driving motor 10；
C. it will be put into electric screw press by the blank of pre-punching and carry out finish forge, first by piston seat when finish forge
850 DEG C are heated to, electric screw press carries out finish forge for the first time, piston seat is then heated to 950 DEG C again, electric screw pressure
Machine carries out finish forge again, piston seat is finally heated to 1050 DEG C again, electric screw press carries out third time finish forge, after cooling
Go out such as 35 finished product of Fig. 6 piston seat；Wherein electric screw press such as Fig. 2, including organic frame 11, upper rack are equipped with crossbeam
12, crossbeam is equipped with pressure motor 13, and pressure motor is connected with screw rod 14, and screw rod lower end is connected with sliding block tup 15, sliding block hammer
Head is slidably connected in guide rail 16, and guide rail connects on the rack, and finish forge upper mold 17, rack are fixed on the lower end surface of sliding block tup
Lower part be equipped with pedestal 18, pedestal is equipped with finish forge lower die 19, and the rack around finish forge lower die is equipped with a pair of of telescopic rod 20, often
Root telescopic rod all connection liquid cylinder pressures 21, the inner end of telescopic rod is equipped with the heat block 22 of arc, as the inner surface of Fig. 4, heat block are set
There is the heating coil 23 of several S type settings, such as Fig. 3, the two sides of rack 11 are equipped with the arc cavity 26 that can accommodate heat block 22, stretch
Contracting bar, which is worn, to be connect on the rack, and the inner wall of arc cavity is equipped with graphite linings 27, and the edge of finish forge lower die 19 is equipped with mounting groove 24, peace
Temperature detector 25 is equipped in tankage, temperature detector connects hydraulic station, hydraulic station connection liquid cylinder pressure 25 by cnc mechanism.It is cold
But it is carried out in cooling body, cooling body such as Fig. 5, includes cooling duct 28, cooling carrier chain 29 is equipped in cooling duct,
The bottom of cooling carrier chain is equipped with cooling water tank 30, and cooling water tank is three-stage, is equipped with thermal baffle 31, every one-step cooling therebetween
Condenser pipe 32 and temperature inductor 33 are both provided in water tank, the top of cooling carrier chain is equipped with cooling fan 34, three-stage cooling
The temperature of water tank is respectively set to 25 DEG C, 10 DEG C, 5 DEG C.
Above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but structure feature of the invention is not limited thereto, Ren Heben
Within the field of the present invention, made changes or modifications all cover within the scope of the patent of the present invention the technical staff in field.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of high forging ratio piston seat proceeding closed fine forging method of construction machinery gear box, it is characterised in that the method packet
It includes:
A. raw material bar is selected, the surface of bar is ground, satisfactory length is cut into after detecting a flaw and is carried out down
Material；
B. by bar, in heating device then bar is carried out punching press to 700-750 DEG C by heating in medium frequency on blocking press machine,
Pre-punching goes out the shape of piston seat；The heating device includes heating channel (1), and the lower part for heating channel is defeated equipped with heating
Chain (2) are sent, the top for heating channel is connected with several shafts (3), and several longitudinally disposed electric heating tubes are connected in shaft
(4), the outside of electric heating tube is equipped with housing (5), is provided with through-hole (6) on housing, heats and be distributed on the side wall in channel in wave
The electric heating tube of shape arrangement, wears in shaft (3) and is connected to the first bevel gear (7), and the first bevel gear is engaged with the second bevel gear (8),
All second bevel gears, which are worn, to be connect on transmission shaft (9), is driven axis connection driving motor (10)；
C. it will be put into electric screw press by the blank of pre-punching and carry out finish forge, when finish forge first heats piston seat
To 800-850 DEG C, electric screw press carries out finish forge for the first time, piston seat is then heated to 900-950 DEG C again, electric screw
Press machine carries out finish forge again, piston seat is finally heated to 1000-1050 DEG C again, electric screw press carries out third time essence
Forging goes out piston seat finished product after cooling.
2. the high forging ratio piston seat proceeding closed fine forging method of construction machinery gear box according to claim 1, feature
It is that the electric screw press includes organic frame (11), upper rack is equipped with crossbeam (12), and crossbeam is equipped with pressure electricity
Machine (13), pressure motor are connected with screw rod (14), and screw rod lower end is connected with sliding block tup (15), and sliding block tup, which is slidably connected at, leads
In rail (16), guide rail is connected on the rack, finish forge upper mold (17) is fixed on the lower end surface of sliding block tup, the lower part of rack is equipped with
Pedestal (18), pedestal are equipped with finish forge lower die (19), and the rack around finish forge lower die is equipped with a pair of of telescopic rod (20), and every is stretched
Contracting bar all connection liquid cylinder pressures (21), the inner end of telescopic rod are equipped with the heat block (22) of arc, and the inner surface of heat block is equipped with several S
The heating coil (23) of type setting.
3. the high forging ratio piston seat proceeding closed fine forging method of construction machinery gear box according to claim 2, feature
It is that the edge of the finish forge lower die (19) is equipped with mounting groove (24), is equipped with temperature detector (25) in mounting groove, temperature inspection
It surveys device and hydraulic station, hydraulic station connection liquid cylinder pressure is connected by cnc mechanism.
4. the high forging ratio piston seat proceeding closed fine forging method of construction machinery gear box according to claim 2, feature
It is that the two sides of the rack (11) are equipped with the arc cavity (26) that can accommodate heat block (22), telescopic rod (20), which is worn, to be connect in machine
On frame, the inner wall of arc cavity is equipped with graphite linings (27).
5. the high forging ratio piston seat proceeding closed fine forging method of construction machinery gear box according to claim 1, feature
It is that the cooling carries out in cooling body, cooling body includes cooling duct (28), is equipped with cooling in cooling duct
The bottom of carrier chain (29), cooling carrier chain is equipped with cooling water tank (30), and cooling water tank is three-stage, is equipped with thermal baffle therebetween
(31), condenser pipe (32) and temperature inductor (33) are both provided in each section of cooling water tank, the top of cooling carrier chain is equipped with
Cooling fan (34), the temperature of three-stage cooling water tank are respectively set to 20-30 DEG C, 10-15 DEG C, 2-8 DEG C.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810420989.XA CN108672644B (en) | 2018-05-04 | 2018-05-04 | The high forging ratio piston seat proceeding closed fine forging method of construction machinery gear box |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810420989.XA CN108672644B (en) | 2018-05-04 | 2018-05-04 | The high forging ratio piston seat proceeding closed fine forging method of construction machinery gear box |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108672644A CN108672644A (en) | 2018-10-19 |
| CN108672644B true CN108672644B (en) | 2019-11-19 |
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| CN104907471A (en) * | 2015-05-13 | 2015-09-16 | 徐州徐工履带底盘有限公司 | Supporting wheel closed forging process and forging die |
| CN105081164A (en) * | 2015-08-12 | 2015-11-25 | 曹立新 | Method for achieving flash-free forging of blank of automotive front axle I beam |
| CN105081163A (en) * | 2015-08-12 | 2015-11-25 | 曹立新 | Method for achieving flash-free forging of forging blank |
| CN105397416A (en) * | 2015-12-01 | 2016-03-16 | 温州市研制阀门厂 | Forging method of valve |
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2018
- 2018-05-04 CN CN201810420989.XA patent/CN108672644B/en active Active
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101229572A (en) * | 2008-02-26 | 2008-07-30 | 中铁宝桥股份有限公司 | Moulding technology of tongue rail heeling of heavy haul railway |
| CN102896262A (en) * | 2012-09-06 | 2013-01-30 | 桐乡市隆盛精密机械有限公司 | Machining method of piston seat blank of high-silicon aluminum alloy piston |
| CN103056264A (en) * | 2012-12-06 | 2013-04-24 | 周卫星 | Closed cold-temperature precision forging die for straight-tooth bevel gear |
| CN103406482A (en) * | 2013-08-28 | 2013-11-27 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Isothermal forging forming die and method for 7075 aluminum alloy tapered casing |
| CN103706744A (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2014-04-09 | 海隆石油钻具（无锡）有限公司 | Petroleum drill rod joint horizontal die forging technology and die forging device |
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| CN105081164A (en) * | 2015-08-12 | 2015-11-25 | 曹立新 | Method for achieving flash-free forging of blank of automotive front axle I beam |
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| CN105397416A (en) * | 2015-12-01 | 2016-03-16 | 温州市研制阀门厂 | Forging method of valve |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN108672644A (en) | 2018-10-19 |
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