CN108671396B - Single-phase power supply array type two-phase electrical stimulation feedback system - Google Patents
Single-phase power supply array type two-phase electrical stimulation feedback system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a single-phase power supply array type two-phase electrical stimulation feedback system. The microcontroller module sends a control signal to coordinate and control the biphase electrical stimulation pulse generation module and the multi-channel electrical stimulation electrode array module; the biphase electrical stimulation pulse generation module receives a control signal of the microcontroller module to generate an adjustable biphase electrical stimulation pulse and output the adjustable biphase electrical stimulation pulse to the multi-channel electrical stimulation electrode array module; the multi-channel electrical stimulation electrode array module receives a control signal of the microcontroller module to convert the biphasic electrical stimulation pulse into electrical stimulation in real time and adjust and change the electrode and intensity; and the single-phase power supply module supplies power. The invention is used for intelligent feedback of limb perception, solves the technical problem that the existing electrical stimulation feedback system can not enable a user to feel electrical stimulation feedback of multi-mode without electric shock feeling, switches the current forward and backward faster, and can realize the electrical stimulation feedback of multi-mode without electric shock feeling.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to an electrical stimulation feedback system in the field of medical rehabilitation instruments, and relates to a single-phase power supply array type two-phase electrical stimulation feedback system applied to limb perception feedback.
Background
The physical disability and nervous system diseases (especially for sensory disturbance of the limbs) become one of the major diseases in China. The position of limbs in daily life is extremely important, and people who lose control and perception of the limbs will face great inconvenience in daily life. Loss of limb perception may use an auxiliary perception device. The existing interactive systems of commercial artificial limbs lack proper sensory feedback, which influences the convenience and functionality of using the artificial limbs, and the artificial limbs and auxiliary equipment with the sensory feedback systems can improve the action accuracy during operation, thereby reducing the dependence on other sensory organs to a certain extent. Therefore, it is more practical to develop prostheses and auxiliary devices with appropriate information feedback.
Electrical stimulation is commonly used in sensory feedback because it causes changes in neuronal membrane potential to form action potentials that are transmitted to the central nervous system to produce sensations in humans. However, because the position and the mode of the electrical stimulation feedback are single, the electrical stimulation of a specific position and a specific mode acts on nerves for a long time, so that nerve fibers are adaptive and the perception capability is weakened; the method is characterized in that monophasic stimulation pulse current is applied to the surface of the skin, and because the pulse frequency is high (more than 500 Hz), when the pulse acts on a human body through two electrodes, the human body can filter the electrical stimulation pulse, so that the original electrical stimulation pulse is changed into monophasic biased sawtooth waves, and a user can feel discomfort caused by electric shock due to charge accumulation on the surface of the skin below the electrodes; the requirement of the double-phase electrical stimulation pulse circuit with positive and negative double power supplies on the analog switch chip is high (the analog switch chip is required to bear larger positive voltage and negative voltage), the type selection and the application of the high-speed multi-channel analog switch are inconvenient, and the array type multi-mode double-phase electrical stimulation feedback is difficult to realize.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above defects in the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a single-phase power supply array type biphasic electrical stimulation feedback system, which is applied to limb perception feedback and solves the problem that the existing electrical stimulation feedback system cannot enable a patient to feel stable multi-mode electrical stimulation feedback without shock.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the invention comprises a microcontroller module, a biphase electrical stimulation pulse generation module, a multi-channel electrical stimulation electrode array module and only one single-phase power supply module;
the microcontroller module is used for receiving and processing feedback information, is respectively connected with the biphasic electrical stimulation pulse generation module and the multi-channel electrical stimulation electrode array module, and sends a control signal to coordinate and control the biphasic electrical stimulation pulse generation module and the multi-channel electrical stimulation electrode array module;
the two-phase electrical stimulation pulse generation module is used for generating and adjusting two-phase electrical stimulation pulses, is respectively connected with the microcontroller module and the multi-channel electrical stimulation electrode array module, receives a control signal of the microcontroller module, then generates the two-phase electrical stimulation pulses with adjustable amplitude and pulse width and outputs the two-phase electrical stimulation pulses to the multi-channel electrical stimulation electrode array module;
the multichannel electrical stimulation electrode array module is used for receiving and processing the biphasic electrical stimulation pulses, is respectively connected with the microcontroller module and the biphasic electrical stimulation pulse generation module, receives a control signal of the microcontroller module, converts the biphasic electrical stimulation pulses into electrical stimulation to act on a human body in real time, and switches electrodes generated by the electrical stimulation to realize multichannel combined electrical stimulation;
and the single-phase power supply module is respectively connected with the microcontroller module, the two-phase electrical stimulation pulse generation module and the multi-channel electrical stimulation electrode array module for supplying power.
The two-phase electrical stimulation pulse generation module comprises a pulse amplitude control module, a bidirectional current logic control module and a current amplification module;
the pulse amplitude control module is controlled by the microcontroller module and is used for controlling the amplitude of the biphasic electrical stimulation pulse;
the bidirectional current logic control module is controlled by the microcontroller module and is used for controlling the current flow direction and the circulation time applied to the multi-channel electrical stimulation electrode array module, so that a biphasic pulse is generated and the pulse width of the biphasic pulse is controlled.
The current amplification module is used for amplifying the current applied to the multi-channel electrical stimulation electrode array module.
The microcontroller module adopts an ATmega series microcontroller.
The two-phase electrical stimulation pulse generation module specifically comprises a pulse amplitude control module, a bidirectional current logic control module and a current amplification module; the pulse amplitude control module comprises a digital-to-analog conversion module (DAC) and current-limiting resistors R1 and R2, the bidirectional current logic control module comprises four switching channels S1, S2, S3 and S4, and the current amplification module comprises four NPN triodes Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4; the digital-to-analog conversion module (DAC) is respectively connected with the microcontroller module and one end of each of the third switch channel S3 and the fourth switch channel S4; the other end of the fourth switching channel S4 is connected to the base electrode of a triode Q1 through a current-limiting resistor R1, the collector electrode of the triode Q1 is respectively connected to one end of the first switching channel S1, the multi-channel electrical stimulation electrode array module and the collector electrode of a triode Q2, the emitter electrode of the triode Q1 is connected with the base electrode of the triode Q2, the emitter electrode of the triode Q2 is grounded, and the other end of the first switching channel S1 is connected with a positive power supply VCC; the other end of the third switch channel S3 is connected to the base electrode of a triode Q3 through a current-limiting resistor R2, the collector electrode of the triode Q3 is respectively connected to one end of the second switch channel S2, the multi-channel electrical stimulation electrode array module and the collector electrode of a triode Q4, the emitter electrode of the triode Q3 is connected with the base electrode of a triode Q4, the emitter electrode of the triode Q4 is grounded, and the other end of the second switch channel S2 is connected with a positive power supply VCC; the microcontroller module output terminals are connected to the control terminals of the four switch channels S1, S2, S3, S4, respectively.
The existing conventional electrical stimulation feedback system adopts a scheme of single-phase electrical stimulation feedback, the electrical stimulation pulse is changed into a single-phase biased sawtooth wave due to filtering of the electrical stimulation pulse by a human body, the human feels discomfort caused by electric shock due to accumulation of charges on the surface of skin under an electrode plate, and tissue damage is caused under severe conditions. The other scheme is to use a two-phase power supply to generate two-phase electrical stimulation feedback, which can increase the complexity of a power supply circuit and has high requirement on the withstand voltage of an analog switch in the multi-channel electrical stimulation electrode array module, and the analog switch is required to bear positive and negative two-phase voltages, so that the analog switch is inconvenient to select types. The invention specially designs the biphasic electrical stimulation pulse generating module, only needs one single-phase power supply module, and can realize biphasic electrical stimulation by switching the flow direction of stimulation current, thereby overcoming the defects of the electrical stimulation feedback system scheme.
The single-phase power supply module supplies power to the microcontroller module, the amplitude control module, the bidirectional current logic control module and the multi-channel electrical stimulation electrode array module in a voltage division mode.
The digital-to-analog conversion module (DAC) is a parallel control signal input type digital-to-analog conversion module (DAC), the output establishment time is less than or equal to 5us, and the resistance values of the current limiting resistors R1 and R2 are 10K omega.
The multi-channel electrical stimulation electrode array module comprises a multi-channel analog switch and a multi-fabric electrode channel annular belt; two ends of a switch channel of the multi-channel analog switch are respectively connected with the two-phase electrical stimulation pulse generation module and the multi-fabric electrode channel annular belt, and the control end of the multi-channel analog switch is connected with the microcontroller module; the multi-fabric electrode channel annular band is worn on a human limb; the multi-fabric electrode channel annular belt is embedded with a plurality of pairs of fabric electrodes, conductive silica gel is coated on the inner end face of each fabric electrode, which is in contact with the skin, the fabric electrodes are tightly attached to and connected with button electrodes on the outer end face, which is not in contact with the skin, the button electrodes are connected with lead wires, and two lead wires correspondingly connected with the pair of fabric electrodes are respectively connected to one switch channel of the multi-channel analog switch and the two-phase electrical stimulation pulse generation module.
The multi-channel analog switch is characterized in that each channel is conducted in a bidirectional mode, namely current is allowed to flow from two ends of a certain channel in a bidirectional mode, the switch state of each channel can be controlled independently, the conducting resistance is smaller than 100 omega, the time Ton required for closing and the time Toff required for opening are both smaller than 1us, and the withstand voltage of each channel is larger than 25V.
The multi-channel electrical stimulation electrode array module is controlled by a microprocessor to realize electrical stimulation of different positions and multiple modes in the multi-fabric electrode channel annular band.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the annular wearable multi-channel electrical stimulation electrode array module is used, so that a stable and multi-mode electrical stimulation feedback effect can be realized, and the phenomenon that the sensing capability is weakened due to adaptability of nerve fibers caused by the fact that electrical stimulation of a specific position and a specific mode acts on nerves for a long time is avoided;
2. by using the two-phase electrical stimulation, namely applying bidirectional current between the stimulating electrodes, the accumulated charges can be transferred away more quickly and timely, the electrical stimulation feedback with almost no electric shock feeling is brought to a patient, and the use comfort of a wearer is improved;
3. the circuit for generating the biphasic electrical stimulation pulse is ingenious in design, the use of a positive phase power supply and a negative phase power supply is avoided, and the voltage withstanding requirement on an analog switch used by the array type electrical stimulation module is lowered.
4. By using the ATmega series microcontroller module, the extraction of various feedback signals and the electrical stimulation feedback in various modes can be conveniently and reliably controlled;
drawings
FIG. 1 is an electrical schematic block diagram of a single-phase power array type biphasic electrical stimulation feedback system according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of the biphasic electrical stimulation pulse generating module according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of biphasic electrical stimulation pulses produced by the multi-channel electrical stimulation electrode array of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of the multi-channel electrical stimulation electrode array module of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic representation of the multi-fabric electrode channel annular belt structure of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the wearing of a multi-fabric electrode channel endless belt of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the control of a multi-channel analog switch employed in the present invention.
In the figure: the device comprises a microcontroller module 1, a biphase electrical stimulation pulse generation module 2, a pulse amplitude control module 2-1, a bidirectional current logic control module 2-2, a current amplification module 2-3, a multi-channel electrical stimulation electrode array module 3, a multi-channel analog switch 3-1, a multi-fabric electrode channel annular belt 3-2, fabric electrodes 3-21, conductive silica gel 3-22, button electrodes 3-23, lead wires 3-24 and a single-phase power supply module 4.
Detailed Description
The present embodiment further illustrates the present invention by way of example of implementing feedback of electrical stimulation to the forearm of the upper limb.
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment of the present invention includes a microcontroller module 1, a biphasic electrical stimulation pulse generation module 2, a multi-channel electrical stimulation electrode array module 3, and only one single-phase power supply module 4.
The microcontroller module 1 is used for receiving and processing feedback information, is respectively connected with the biphasic electrical stimulation pulse generation module 2 and the multichannel electrical stimulation electrode array module 3, and sends out control signals to coordinately control the biphasic electrical stimulation pulse generation module 2 and the multichannel electrical stimulation electrode array module 3.
The biphasic electrical stimulation pulse generating module 2 is used for generating and adjusting biphasic electrical stimulation pulses, is respectively connected with the microcontroller module 1 and the multi-channel electrical stimulation electrode array module 3, receives a control signal of the microcontroller module 1, then generates biphasic electrical stimulation pulses with adjustable amplitude and pulse width, and outputs the biphasic electrical stimulation pulses to the multi-channel electrical stimulation electrode array module 3.
The multi-channel electrical stimulation electrode array module 3 is used for generating and adjusting the biphasic electrical stimulation pulses, is respectively connected with the microcontroller module 1 and the biphasic electrical stimulation pulse generating module 2, receives different control signals of the microcontroller module 1 according to different feedback signals of an external sensor, converts the biphasic electrical stimulation pulses into electrical stimulation to act on a human body in real time, and changes the selection of output electrodes generated by the electrical stimulation to realize multi-channel combined electrical stimulation.
The single-phase power module 4 is respectively connected with the microcontroller module 1, the two-phase electrical stimulation pulse generation module 2 and the multi-channel electrical stimulation electrode array module 3 for power supply. The VCC of the current amplification module 2-3 is 15-25V, the power generated by the single-phase power supply module 4 is directly used as the VCC of the current amplification module 2-3, and the power is supplied to the microcontroller module 1, the amplitude control module 2-1, the bidirectional current logic control module 2-2 and the multi-channel electrical stimulation electrode array module 3 in a voltage division mode.
As shown in fig. 1, the biphasic electrical stimulation pulse generation module 2 comprises a pulse amplitude control module 2-1, a bidirectional current logic control module 2-2 and a current amplification module 2-3, wherein input ends of the pulse amplitude control module 2-1 and the bidirectional current logic control module 2-2 are connected to the microcontroller module 1 and receive a control signal of the microcontroller module 1;
the pulse amplitude control module 2-1 is controlled by the microcontroller module 1 and is used for controlling the amplitude of the biphasic electrical stimulation pulse;
the bidirectional current logic control module 2-2 is controlled by the microcontroller module 1 and is used for controlling the current flow direction and the circulation time applied to the multi-channel electrical stimulation electrode array module 3, so as to generate a biphasic pulse and control the pulse width of the biphasic pulse;
the current amplification module 2-3 is used to amplify the current applied to the multi-channel electrical stimulation electrode array module 3.
The multi-channel electrical stimulation electrode array module 3 in the implementation uses an annular wearable multi-channel electrical stimulation electrode array module, realizes a stable and multi-mode electrical stimulation feedback effect, and does not weaken the perception capability due to adaptability of nerve fibers caused by the fact that electrical stimulation of a specific position and a specific mode acts on nerves for a long time;
the two-phase electrical stimulation pulse generation module 2 in the implementation can generate two-way current between stimulation electrodes, so that electrical stimulation feedback without electric shock feeling is brought to people, and the use comfort of a user is improved;
in the implementation, only a single-phase power supply is used for supplying power, so that a positive phase power supply and a negative phase power supply are avoided, and the voltage withstanding requirement on an analog switch used by the array type electrical stimulation module is lowered;
the microcontroller module 1 in the embodiment uses an ATmega328P-AU microcontroller module, and can conveniently and reliably control and realize extraction of various feedback signals and electrical stimulation feedback in various modes.
The biphasic electrical stimulation pulse generation module 2 specifically comprises a pulse amplitude control module 2-1, a bidirectional current logic control module 2-2 and a current amplification module 2-3; as shown in fig. 2, the pulse amplitude control module 2-1 includes a digital-to-analog conversion module (DAC) and current-limiting resistors R1 and R2, the bidirectional current logic control module 2-2 includes four switching channels S1, S2, S3 and S4, the current amplification module 2-3 includes four NPN-type triodes Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4, and the multi-channel electrical stimulation electrode array module 3 is located at a common collector terminal of the triodes; a digital-to-analog conversion module (DAC) is respectively connected with the microcontroller module 1 and one end of each of the third switch channel S3 and the fourth switch channel S4; the other end of the fourth switch channel S4 is connected to the base electrode of a triode Q1 of the current amplification module 2-3 through a current-limiting resistor R1, the collector electrode of the triode Q1 is respectively connected to one end of the first switch channel S1, the multi-channel analog switch 3-1 of the multi-channel electrical stimulation electrode array module 3 and the collector electrode of the triode Q2, the emitter electrode of the triode Q1 is connected with the base electrode of the triode Q2, the emitter electrode of the triode Q2 is grounded, and the other end of the first switch channel S1 is connected with a positive power supply VCC; the other end of the third switch channel S3 is connected to the base electrode of a triode Q3 of the current amplification module 2-3 through a current limiting resistor R2, the collector electrode of the triode Q3 is respectively connected to one end of the second switch channel S2, the multi-channel analog switch 3-1 of the multi-channel electrical stimulation electrode array module 3 and the collector electrode of the triode Q4, the emitter electrode of the triode Q3 is connected with the base electrode of the triode Q4, the emitter electrode of the triode Q4 is grounded, and the other end of the second switch channel S2 is connected with a positive power supply VCC; the outputs of the microcontroller module 1 are connected to the control terminals of the four switch channels S1, S2, S3, S4, respectively.
The microcontroller module 1 controls the amplitude of the voltage output by the digital-to-analog conversion module (DAC) and also controls the switching states of the analog switch channels S1, S2, S3 and S4; the microcontroller module controls the switches S1 and S3 to be a group with the same switch state, the switches S2 and S4 to be a group with the same switch state, and when one group of switch channels is turned on, the other group of switch channels is turned off.
When the amplitude of the output voltage of a digital-to-analog conversion module (DAC) is greater than the sum of the on-state voltages of two triodes (Q1, Q2 or Q3, Q4) (about 1.4V, which is specifically described as 5V in this embodiment), the microcontroller module controls the analog switch channels S1, S3 to be on, and the channels S2, S4 to be off, the current flows from VCC to GND through the switch channel S1, the multi-channel electrical stimulation electrode array module, the triode Q3, the triode Q4, wherein the current flows from the electrical stimulation electrode array module to the left and to the right; the specific current amplification process is as follows: because S3 is closed, S4 is opened, the output voltage of a digital-to-analog conversion module (DAC) is 5V, the base voltage of a triode Q3 is 5V, and because S1 is closed, the collector voltages of triodes Q3 and Q4 are VCC (VCC is taken as 15V in the embodiment), at the moment, an emitter junction and a collector junction of a triode Q3 are forward biased, and a triode Q3 works in an amplification state, which is first-stage amplification of left-in and right-out current of an electrical stimulation electrode array module; the emitter junction voltage drop of the triode Q3 is 0.7V, so the base voltage of the triode Q4 is 4.3V, and the collector voltage of the triode Q4 is 15V, so the emitter junction of the triode Q4 is forward biased, the collector junction is reverse biased, and the triode Q4 works in an amplification state, which is two-stage amplification of left-in and right-out of current of the electrical stimulation electrode array module. When the channels S2 and S4 are switched on and the channels S1 and S3 are switched off, current flows from VCC to GND through the switch channel S2, the multi-channel electrical stimulation electrode array module, the triode Q1 and the triode Q2, wherein the current flows in and out from the electrical stimulation electrode array module from the right; the specific current amplification process is as follows: because S4 is closed, S3 is opened, the output voltage of a digital-to-analog conversion module (DAC) is 5V, the base voltage of a triode Q1 is 5V, and because S2 is closed, the collector voltages of triodes Q1 and Q2 are VCC (VCC is taken as 15V in the embodiment), at the moment, an emitter junction and a collector junction of a triode Q1 are forward biased, and a triode Q1 works in an amplification state, which is the first-stage amplification of the right-in and left-out current of the electrical stimulation electrode array module; the emitter junction voltage drop of the triode Q1 is 0.7V, so the base voltage of the triode Q2 is 4.3V, and the collector voltage of the triode Q2 is 15V, so the emitter junction of the triode Q2 is forward biased, the collector junction is reverse biased, and the triode Q2 works in an amplification state, which is two-stage amplification of right-in and left-out of the current of the electrical stimulation electrode array module.
The microcontroller module 1 controls the output voltage of a digital-to-analog conversion module (DAC), namely, the base currents of the triodes Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4 can be controlled, so that the current flowing through the multi-channel electrical stimulation electrode array module 3 can be controlled, namely, the control of the amplitude of electrical stimulation pulses is realized; by controlling the channels S1 and S3, the on and off time of the channels S2 and S4 can control the flow direction (left in and right out or right in and left out) and the flow time of current in the multi-channel electrical stimulation array module, and the generation of biphasic electrical stimulation pulses and the pulse width control of the biphasic electrical stimulation pulses can be realized. The specific principle of biphasic electrical stimulation pulse generation and its pulse width control is described in connection with fig. 2, 3, 4. When current flows in and out of the electro-stimulation electrode array module from left to right in combination with fig. 2, the current flows from the K1 side electrode to the K2 side electrode (K is A, B, C … H) in the multi-fabric electrode channel annular band 3-2 in combination with fig. 4, and the current in the direction is made to be forward current; when current is fed in and out from the right side of the electro-stimulation electrode array module in combination with fig. 2, the current flows from the K2 side electrode to the K1 side electrode (K is A, B, C … H) in the multi-fabric electrode channel annular band 3-2 in combination with fig. 4, making this direction current a reverse (negative) direction current. The turn-on time of the groups of the analog switches S1 and S3 is Ti, the turn-on time of the groups S2 and S4 is Ti (i is 1, 2, 3 and 4 …) (the switch states of the two groups of analog switches are the same, one group is turned off when turned on, S1 and S3 are turned on corresponding currents which are led in and out from the left side and the right side of the multi-channel electrical stimulation electrode array module and are positive currents, and S2 and S4 are turned on corresponding currents which are led in and out from the right side and the left side of the multi-channel electrical stimulation electrode array module and are reversed (negative) currents); referring to fig. 3, the microcontroller module controls S1 and S3 to be turned on, i.e., to generate a forward current, the time of turning on is controlled, i.e., to control the time Ti of the forward current, and controls S2 and S4 to be turned on, i.e., to generate a reverse (negative) current, the time of controlling is controlled, i.e., to control the time Ti of the reverse (negative) current, and the magnitude of Ti is controlled, i.e., to control the magnitude of the pulse width of the biphasic electrical stimulation pulse. Because the pulse width of the positive direction pulse and the pulse width of the negative direction pulse in the biphasic electric stimulation pulse can be controlled, the frequency of the biphasic electric stimulation pulse is also indirectly controlled.
The current of the biphasic electrical stimulation pulse is shown in fig. 3, the current in different directions exists on the fabric electrode 3-21 of the multi-channel electrical stimulation electrode array 3-2 at different moments, and the charges accumulated on the skin surface under the fabric electrode by the forward current are transferred away in time by the reverse (negative) current at the next moment, so that the phenomenon that the charges are accumulated continuously and cannot be transferred in time due to the electrical stimulation in one current direction of the monophasic electrical stimulation pulse is avoided, and the electric shock feeling can be obviously reduced when the biphasic electrical stimulation is used.
In the implementation, a digital-to-analog conversion module (DAC) is a parallel control signal input type digital-to-analog conversion module (DAC) with the model of TLC7226, and the output establishment time is less than or equal to 5 us; the resistance values of the current limiting resistors R1 and R2 are 10K omega.
As shown in fig. 3, the multi-channel electrical stimulation electrode array module 3 comprises a multi-channel analog switch 3-1 (which has 8 switch channels of W1-W8 and consists of two AD7510 chips) and a multi-fabric electrode channel annular belt 3-2; two ends of a switch channel of the multi-channel analog switch 3-1 are respectively connected with the two-phase electrical stimulation pulse generation module 2 and the multi-fabric electrode channel annular belt 3-2, and the control end of the multi-channel analog switch 3-1 is connected with the microcontroller module 1.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the multi-fabric electrode channel annular band 3-2 has embedded therein a plurality of pairs of fabric electrodes having elasticity and contractibility for wearing on a limb, such as a human arm. A plurality of pairs of fabric electrodes 3-21 which are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction are embedded in the multi-fabric electrode channel annular belt 3-2, the fabric electrodes 3-21 penetrate through and are embedded in through holes formed in the multi-fabric electrode channel annular belt 3-2, and each pair of fabric electrodes 3-21 comprises two electrodes which are arranged along the axial direction of the multi-fabric electrode channel annular belt 3-2; conductive silica gel 3-22 is coated on the inner end face of the fabric electrode 3-21, which is in contact with the skin, the fabric electrode 3-21 is connected with the button electrode 3-23 in a manner of being tightly attached to the outer end face which is not in contact with the skin, the button electrode 3-23 is connected with the lead wire 3-24, and the two lead wires 3-24 which are correspondingly connected with the pair of fabric electrodes 3-21 are respectively connected with one switch channel of the multi-channel analog switch 3-1 and the two-phase electrical stimulation pulse generation module 2.
As shown in figure 3, the fabric electrodes on the A1-H1 sides are respectively connected with one channel of a multi-channel analog switch 3-1 through lead wires, the A2-H2 sides are connected together and connected with a two-phase electrical stimulation pulse generation module, and the switching states of the channels W1-W8 of the multi-channel analog switch are controlled by a microcontroller module.
Further, a schematic diagram of the multi-fabric electrode channel annular belt of the present embodiment worn on the forearm of the upper limb is shown in fig. 5.
This embodiment mode will be further described with reference to fig. 6. In this embodiment, the multi-channel analog switch employs an AD7510 chip, each channel is bidirectionally conductive, that is, current is allowed to flow from Mx to Nx or from Nx to Mx, x is 1, 2, 3, 4, one piece of AD7510 includes 4 channels whose switching states can be controlled independently, that is, the switching state of each switching channel can be controlled independently by the microcontroller module, the microcontroller module outputs high levels to the control pins a 1-a 4, the S1-S4 switching channels are closed and output low levels, and the S1-S4 switching channels are open; one piece of AD7510 can form 4 switch channels of the two-phase electrical stimulation pulse generation module 2, and two pieces of AD7510 can form 8 switch channels of the multi-channel electrical stimulation electrode array module 3; the on resistance is typically 75 Ω, the time Ton required for closing and the time Toff required for opening are both less than 0.2us, and the withstand voltage of each channel is greater than 25V.
The embodiment shows that the invention is an electrical stimulation feedback system, the system uses an ATmega series microcontroller module, and can conveniently and reliably control and realize extraction of various feedback signals and electrical stimulation feedback in various modes; the circuit is ingenious in design, a positive phase power supply and a negative phase power supply are avoided, and the voltage withstanding requirement on an analog switch used by the array type electrical stimulation module is lowered; the invention provides a solution for realizing stable, non-electric shock and multi-mode electric stimulation feedback effect.
The foregoing has described in detail preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations can be devised by those skilled in the art in light of the present teachings without departing from the inventive concepts; therefore, the technical solutions available to those skilled in the art through logic analysis, reasoning and limited experiments based on the prior art according to the concept of the present invention should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.
Claims (5)
1. A single-phase power supply array type biphase electrical stimulation feedback system is characterized in that:
the device comprises a microcontroller module (1), a biphase electrical stimulation pulse generation module (2), a multi-channel electrical stimulation electrode array module (3) and only one single-phase power supply module (4);
the microcontroller module (1) is used for receiving and processing feedback information, is respectively connected with the biphasic electrical stimulation pulse generation module (2) and the multichannel electrical stimulation electrode array module (3), and sends a control signal to coordinately control the biphasic electrical stimulation pulse generation module (2) and the multichannel electrical stimulation electrode array module (3);
the two-phase electrical stimulation pulse generation module (2) is used for generating and adjusting two-phase electrical stimulation pulses, is respectively connected with the microcontroller module (1) and the multi-channel electrical stimulation electrode array module (3), receives a control signal of the microcontroller module (1), then generates two-phase electrical stimulation pulses with adjustable amplitude and pulse width and outputs the two-phase electrical stimulation pulses to the multi-channel electrical stimulation electrode array module (3);
the multi-channel electrical stimulation electrode array module (3) is used for receiving and processing the biphasic electrical stimulation pulse, is respectively connected with the microcontroller module (1) and the biphasic electrical stimulation pulse generation module (2), receives a control signal of the microcontroller module (1), converts the biphasic electrical stimulation pulse into electrical stimulation in real time to act on a human body, and switches electrodes generated by the electrical stimulation;
the single-phase power supply module (4) is respectively connected with the microcontroller module (1), the two-phase electrical stimulation pulse generation module (2) and the multi-channel electrical stimulation electrode array module (3) for supplying power;
the biphasic electrical stimulation pulse generation module (2) comprises a pulse amplitude control module (2-1), a bidirectional current logic control module (2-2) and a current amplification module (2-3);
the pulse amplitude control module (2-1) is controlled by the microcontroller module (1) and is used for controlling the amplitude of the biphasic electrical stimulation pulse;
the bidirectional current logic control module (2-2) is controlled by the microcontroller module (1) and is used for controlling the current flow direction and the circulation time of the current applied to the multi-channel electrical stimulation electrode array module (3), so that a biphasic pulse is generated and the pulse width of the biphasic pulse is controlled;
the current amplification module (2-3) is used for amplifying the current applied to the multi-channel electrical stimulation electrode array module (3);
the biphasic electrical stimulation pulse generation module (2) specifically comprises a pulse amplitude control module (2-1), a bidirectional current logic control module (2-2) and a current amplification module (2-3); the pulse amplitude control module (2-1) comprises a digital-to-analog conversion module (DAC) and current-limiting resistors R1 and R2, the bidirectional current logic control module (2-2) comprises switching channels S1, S2, S3 and S4 of four analog switches, and the current amplification module (2-3) comprises four NPN type triodes Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4; the digital-to-analog conversion module (DAC) is respectively connected with the microcontroller module (1) and one end of each of the third switch channel S3 and the fourth switch channel S4; the other end of the fourth switch channel S4 is connected to the base electrode of a triode Q1 through a current-limiting resistor R1, the collector electrode of the triode Q1 is respectively connected to one end of the first switch channel S1, the multi-channel electrical stimulation electrode array module (3) and the collector electrode of the triode Q2, the emitter electrode of the triode Q1 is connected to the base electrode of the triode Q2, the emitter electrode of the triode Q2 is grounded, and the other end of the first switch channel S1 is connected with a positive power supply VCC; the other end of the third switch channel S3 is connected to the base electrode of a triode Q3 through a current-limiting resistor R2, the collector electrode of the triode Q3 is respectively connected to one end of the second switch channel S2, the multi-channel electrical stimulation electrode array module (3) and the collector electrode of the triode Q4, the emitter electrode of the triode Q3 is connected with the base electrode of the triode Q4, the emitter electrode of the triode Q4 is grounded, and the other end of the second switch channel S2 is connected with a positive power supply VCC; the output end of the microcontroller module (1) is respectively connected to the control ends of four switch channels S1, S2, S3 and S4;
the multi-channel electrical stimulation electrode array module (3) comprises a multi-channel analog switch (3-1) and a multi-fabric electrode channel annular belt (3-2); two ends of a switch channel of the multi-channel analog switch (3-1) are respectively connected with the two-phase electrical stimulation pulse generation module (2) and the multi-fabric electrode channel annular belt (3-2), and the control end of the multi-channel analog switch (3-1) is connected with the microcontroller module (1); the multi-fabric electrode channel annular belt (3-2) is worn on a human limb; the multi-fabric electrode channel annular belt (3-2) is embedded with a plurality of pairs of fabric electrodes (3-21), the inner end face of each fabric electrode (3-21) which is in contact with the skin is coated with conductive silica gel (3-22), the outer end face of each fabric electrode (3-21) which is not in contact with the skin is tightly attached and connected with a button electrode (3-23), the button electrodes (3-23) are connected with lead wires (3-24), and the two lead wires (3-24) which are correspondingly connected with the pair of fabric electrodes (3-21) are respectively connected to one switch channel of the multi-channel analog switch (3-1) and the two-phase pulse generation module (2).
2. The monophasic power array biphasic electrical stimulation feedback system of claim 1, wherein the microcontroller module (1) controls the amplitude of the digital-to-analog conversion module (DAC) output voltage and also controls the switching status of the analog switching channels S1, S2, S3, S4; the microcontroller module controls the groups S1 and S3 to be in the same switch state, the groups S2 and S4 to be in the same switch state, and when one group of switch channels is switched on, the other group of switch channels is switched off; when the amplitude of the output voltage of a digital-to-analog conversion module (DAC) is larger than the sum of the conducting voltages of the two triodes, the channels S1 and S3 are conducted, and the channels S2 and S4 are turned off, current flows from VCC to GND through the switch channel S1, the electrical stimulation electrode array module, the triode Q3 and the triode Q4, wherein the current flows in and out from the left side of the electrical stimulation electrode array module, and when the channels S2 and S4 are conducted and the channels S1 and S3 are turned off, the current flows from VCC to GND through the switch channel S2, the electrical stimulation electrode array module, the triode Q1 and the triode Q2, wherein the current flows in and out from the right side of the electrical stimulation electrode array module, so that the bidirectional flow of stimulation current in the electrical stimulation electrode array module; the microcontroller module (1) controls the output voltage of the digital-to-analog conversion module (DAC) to control the current passing through the multi-channel electrical stimulation electrode array module, namely the control of the amplitude of the electrical stimulation pulse is realized; by controlling the channels S1 and S3, the on and off time of the channels S2 and S4 can control the flow direction and the flow time of current in the multi-channel electrical stimulation array module, and the generation of biphasic electrical stimulation pulses and the pulse width control of the biphasic electrical stimulation pulses can be realized.
3. The single-phase power supply array type biphasic electrical stimulation feedback system of claim 1, wherein: the single-phase power supply module (4) supplies power to the microcontroller module (1), the amplitude control module (2-1), the bidirectional current logic control module (2-2) and the multi-channel electrical stimulation electrode array module (3) in a voltage division mode.
4. The single-phase power supply array type biphasic electrical stimulation feedback system of claim 1, wherein: the digital-to-analog conversion module (DAC) is a parallel control signal input type digital-to-analog conversion module (DAC), the establishment time output by the digital-to-analog conversion module (DAC) is less than or equal to 5us, and the resistance values of the current limiting resistors R1 and R2 are 10K omega.
5. The single-phase power supply array type biphasic electrical stimulation feedback system of claim 1, wherein: each channel of the analog switch and the multi-channel analog switch (3-1) in the bidirectional current logic control module (2-2) is conducted in a bidirectional mode, namely current is allowed to flow from two ends of a certain channel in a bidirectional mode, the switch state of each channel can be controlled independently, the on resistance is smaller than 100 omega, the time Ton required by closing and the time Toff required by opening are smaller than 1us, and the withstand voltage of each channel is larger than 25V.
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