CN108664232B - Method for simulating key operation by knocking microphone array - Google Patents

Method for simulating key operation by knocking microphone array Download PDF

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CN108664232B
CN108664232B CN201810384937.1A CN201810384937A CN108664232B CN 108664232 B CN108664232 B CN 108664232B CN 201810384937 A CN201810384937 A CN 201810384937A CN 108664232 B CN108664232 B CN 108664232B
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knocking
value
event
data
signal
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CN108664232A (en
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何志辉
刘敏
薛建清
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Fujian Xingwang Wisdom Software Co ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/16Sound input; Sound output
    • G06F3/167Audio in a user interface, e.g. using voice commands for navigating, audio feedback
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/16Sound input; Sound output
    • G06F3/165Management of the audio stream, e.g. setting of volume, audio stream path

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  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention provides a method for simulating key operation by knocking a microphone array, which comprises the steps of S1, setting and initializing a knocking event starting marker bit and a timer; s2, reading the acquired data of the microphone by taking the 10ms data as a basic processing unit; s3, detecting whether the acquired data meet the change characteristics of the knocking signal, and if so, entering S4; if not, add '0' at the end of the data sequence and proceed to S5; s4, calculating the zero crossing rate of the acquired data, judging whether the acquired data is a knocking signal or not according to the zero crossing rate, and if so, adding '1' at the tail of the data sequence; if not, adding '0' at the end of the data sequence; s5, intercepting a complete knocking event; and S6, searching the corresponding expected operation from the mapping list according to the intercepted knocking event, and executing the expected operation. The method of the invention realizes that the function which is expected to be executed by the user is completed by knocking the microphone, and can effectively overcome the inconvenience brought by the operation of a remote controller in the past.

Description

Method for simulating key operation by knocking microphone array
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of voice communication, in particular to a method for simulating key operation by knocking a microphone array.
Background
In a conference system, functions which a user desires to execute are generally completed through remote controller operation, such as operations of volume output adjustment, left-shift and right-shift function lists and the like, and through the remote controller operation, not only is the key function clear, but also the operation is simple and the cost is low; however, the following defects exist in the operation of the remote controller: 1. when the remote controller fails, the normal use of the conference function is influenced; 2. when a plurality of people need to operate, the remote controller is inconvenient to transfer, and the use experience is influenced. Of course, there are more convenient ways in the prior art, for example, related operations can be implemented by a touch screen, and more advanced operations can be implemented by voice recognition, but both the cost of the touch screen implementation and the voice recognition implementation are higher, and particularly, the voice recognition implementation requires a large amount of sample training and is higher in development cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for simulating key operation by tapping a microphone array, which implements the function that a user desires to execute by tapping a microphone, thereby effectively overcoming the inconvenience caused by the operation through a remote controller in the past.
The invention is realized by the following steps: a method of simulating key operation by striking a microphone array, the method comprising the steps of:
step S1, setting a striking event starting zone bit and a timer, and initializing the striking event starting zone bit and the timer;
step S2, using the 10ms data as the basic processing unit to read the collected data of the microphone;
s3, detecting whether the read collected data meet the change characteristics of the knocking signal, and if so, entering the step S4; if not, add '0' at the end of the data sequence and proceed to step S5;
step S4, calculating the zero crossing rate of the acquired data, judging whether the acquired data is a knocking signal according to the calculated zero crossing rate, and if so, adding '1' at the end of the data sequence; if not, adding '0' at the end of the data sequence;
step S5, intercepting a complete knocking event;
and step S6, according to the intercepted knocking event, analyzing the data sequence, searching the corresponding expected operation from the mapping list, and executing the expected operation.
Further, the step S3 is specifically:
setting a reference value D1 meeting the variation characteristic of the knocking signal;
taking the maximum value in the data of every 1ms as a sampling point of the read acquisition data, selecting 10 sampling points in total, and calculating the difference value between the maximum value and the minimum value in the 10 sampling points; meanwhile, the calculated difference is compared with the reference value D1, and if the difference is greater than the reference value D1, it is determined that the variation characteristic of the tap signal is satisfied, and the process proceeds to step S4; if the difference is equal to or less than the reference value D1, it is determined that the variation characteristic of the tap signal is not satisfied, and at this time, a '0' is added to the end of the data sequence, and the process proceeds to step S5.
Further, the reference value D1 has a value range of: 0.5-0.8.
Further, the step S4 is specifically:
setting a fundamental frequency value D2 of the knocking signal;
acquiring a maximum sampling value v of the acquired data and the time t when the maximum sampling value appears, and taking the time t as a center, acquiring a minimum time t _ left when the sampling value is larger than k x v towards the left, and acquiring a maximum time t _ right when the sampling value is larger than k x v towards the right, wherein k is used for determining a signal range of zero-crossing rate calculation, and calculating the zero-crossing times z of the acquired data within the range from the minimum time t _ left to the maximum time t _ right; meanwhile, calculating z/(t _ right-t _ left) to obtain a frequency value, comparing the obtained frequency value with a fundamental frequency value D2, if the frequency value is greater than the fundamental frequency value D2, judging the acquired data as a tapping signal, and adding '1' at the end of the data sequence; if the frequency value is less than or equal to the fundamental frequency value D2, the collected data is judged as a non-tapping signal, and '0' is added at the end of the data sequence.
Furthermore, the fundamental frequency value D2 has a value range of: 25-50 times/ms.
Further, the value range of k is: 0.2 to 0.4.
Further, the step S5 is specifically:
setting the duration of a full tap event T1;
when a first knocking signal is detected, enabling a knocking event starting zone bit to be equal to 1, starting to intercept the knocking event, and starting a timer to start timing;
judging whether the time of the timer is equal to the set duration T1, if so, ending the interception of the knocking event, simultaneously initializing a knocking event starting flag bit and the timer, and then entering the step S6; if not, the flow proceeds to step S2.
Further, the value range of the duration T1 is: 4-5 s.
Further, the step S6 is specifically:
a mapping list of the knocking event and the expected operation is formulated and stored; setting a maximum time interval T2; when the complete tapping event is intercepted, the data sequence is analyzed, and the complete tapping event is analyzed into 2-digit numbers d1 and d2, which specifically includes:
detecting whether the time interval of one adjacent knocking signal is greater than a set maximum time interval T2 in a complete knocking event, if so, taking the time midpoint between the two knocking signals as a dividing point, recording the accumulated knocking times of a period of time before the dividing point as d1, and recording the accumulated knocking times of a period of time after the dividing point as d 2; if not, recording the accumulated knocking times in the knocking event as d1, and recording d2 as 0;
after the knocking event is analyzed, searching a corresponding expected operation from the mapping list according to the analyzed d1 and d2, and executing the expected operation; at the same time, the data sequence is cleared after the desired operation has been performed.
Further, the maximum time interval T2 has a value range of: 0.5-1 s.
The invention has the following advantages: 1. the operation expected to be executed by the user is completed through simple microphone knocking detection, so that the inconvenience caused by the fact that a remote controller needs to be transmitted or fails when the user operates by multiple people in the past can be overcome, the function expansibility is good, and the operation is very convenient; 2. the microphone required by the conference system is used for realizing the expected function, and hardware support does not need to be expanded additionally, so that the cost can be greatly reduced.
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The invention will be further described with reference to the following examples with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart illustrating an implementation of a method for simulating key operation by striking a microphone array according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows:
referring to fig. 1, a preferred embodiment of a method for simulating key operation by striking a microphone array according to the present invention includes the following steps:
step S1, setting a start flag bit start of the tapping event and a timer, and initializing the start flag bit start of the tapping event and the timer, that is, setting the start to 0 and the timer to 0;
step S2, reading the collected data of the microphone by taking the 10ms data as a basic processing unit, namely only reading the 10ms data of the microphone each time; since the duration of the general voice is more than 10ms, and the duration of the signal generated by knocking the microphone is less than 10ms, the 10ms data is taken as a basic processing unit to read the collected data of the microphone and analyze the collected data.
Step S3, detecting whether the read collected data (10ms data) meet the change characteristics of the knocking signal, and if so, entering the step S4; if not, adding '0' at the end of the data sequence, i.e. if the read 10ms data does not satisfy the variation characteristic of the tap signal, adding '0' at the end of the 10ms data to indicate that there is no tap signal within the 10ms data, and proceeding to step S5;
when the microphone is knocked, the collected sound amplitude is large, and the signal duration is short, so that the knocking signal has the characteristic that the signal rises quickly firstly and then decreases quickly. Based on the characteristic that the knocking signal has fast signal change, preliminary judgment can be carried out on the collected data. The step S3 specifically includes:
setting a reference value D1 meeting the variation characteristic of the knocking signal;
taking the maximum value in the data of every 1ms as a sampling point of the read acquisition data, selecting 10 sampling points in total, and calculating the difference value between the maximum value and the minimum value in the 10 sampling points; meanwhile, the calculated difference is compared with the reference value D1, and if the difference is greater than the reference value D1, it is determined that the variation characteristic of the tap signal is satisfied, and the process proceeds to step S4; if the difference is equal to or less than the reference value D1, it is determined that the variation characteristic of the tap signal is not satisfied, and at this time, a '0' is added to the end of the data sequence, and the process proceeds to step S5.
In a first embodiment of the present invention, the value of the reference value D1 is 0.6. Since the maximum value and the minimum value in the sampling points are usually normalized when data is specifically processed, the value of the reference value D1 is also a normalized value.
Step S4, calculating the zero crossing rate of the collected data, judging whether the collected data is a tapping signal according to the calculated zero crossing rate, and if so, adding '1' at the end of the data sequence to indicate that the tapping signal exists in the 10ms data; if not, adding '0' at the end of the data sequence to indicate that there is no tap signal within the 10ms data;
since the collected data is selected to be short (only 10ms data), it is likely that the beginning or ending signal of the voice will be read, and the beginning or ending signal of the voice will change faster, so that further analysis is needed to determine whether the signal is a knock signal. Because the tap signal generally has a high frequency and frequently crosses the 0-axis, based on this characteristic, we can further determine whether the tap signal is a tap signal by calculating the zero crossing rate. The step S4 specifically includes:
setting a fundamental frequency value D2 of the knocking signal;
acquiring a maximum sampling value v of the acquired data and the time t when the maximum sampling value appears, and taking the time t as a center, acquiring a minimum time t _ left when the sampling value is larger than k x v towards the left, and acquiring a maximum time t _ right when the sampling value is larger than k x v towards the right, wherein k is used for determining a signal range of zero-crossing rate calculation, and calculating the zero-crossing times z of the acquired data within the range from the minimum time t _ left to the maximum time t _ right; meanwhile, calculating z/(t _ right-t _ left) to obtain a frequency value, comparing the obtained frequency value with a fundamental frequency value D2, if the frequency value is greater than the fundamental frequency value D2 (indicating that the signal has higher frequency), judging the acquired data as a tapping signal, and adding '1' at the end of the data sequence; if the frequency value is less than or equal to the fundamental frequency value D2, the collected data is judged as a non-tapping signal, and '0' is added at the end of the data sequence.
In a first embodiment of the present invention, the fundamental frequency value D2 is 35 times/ms. The value of k is 0.3.
Step S5, intercepting a complete knocking event;
the step S5 specifically includes:
setting the duration of a full tap event T1;
when a first knocking signal is detected, enabling a knocking event starting zone bit to be equal to 1, starting to intercept the knocking event, and starting a timer to start timing; in specific implementation, if the start flag bit of the tapping event is equal to 0, it indicates that the first tapping signal has not been detected, and at this time, the tapping event is not intercepted;
judging whether the time of the timer is equal to the set duration time T1, if so, ending the interception of the knocking event, and simultaneously initializing a knocking event starting marker bit and the timer, namely enabling the values of the knocking event starting marker bit and the timer to be 0 to prepare for intercepting the next knocking event, and then entering a step S6; if not, step S2 is entered to continue reading the collected data of the microphone. Here, it should be noted that: after the interception of a complete tapping event is completed, the tapping signals are detected continuously, the interception of a new tapping event is started by triggering the first detected tapping signal, and the interception of a new tapping event is ended after the duration T1.
In a first embodiment of the present invention, the duration T1 is 4.5 s.
And step S6, according to the intercepted knocking event, analyzing the data sequence, searching the corresponding expected operation from the mapping list, and executing the expected operation.
The step S6 specifically includes:
a mapping list of the knocking event and the expected operation is formulated and stored; for example, the partial mapping list is formulated as follows:
d1d2 function mapping
11 Return to
12 Confirmation
13 Upward movement
21 Move down
22 Move to the left
23 Move to the right
31 Volume increase
32 Volume reduction
The above only lists some simple operations, and in specific implementation, more conference system functions can be customized according to needs, and the mapping list can be expanded and modified based on needs.
Setting a maximum time interval T2; when the complete tapping event is intercepted, the data sequence is analyzed, and the complete tapping event is analyzed into 2-digit numbers d1 and d2, which specifically includes:
detecting whether the time interval of one adjacent knocking signal is greater than a set maximum time interval T2 in a complete knocking event, if so, taking the time midpoint between the two knocking signals as a dividing point, recording the accumulated knocking times of a period of time before the dividing point as d1, and recording the accumulated knocking times of a period of time after the dividing point as d 2; if not, recording the accumulated knocking times in the knocking event as d1, and recording d2 as 0; of course, in practical implementation, if the time interval of more than two adjacent tapping signals occurring in a complete tapping event is greater than the set maximum time interval T2, the tapping event can be determined as an invalid event; in the implementation, a '1' in the data sequence represents a tapping signal, a '0' in the data sequence represents a non-tapping signal, and 10ms data is used as a basic processing unit each time, so that when calculating the time interval of adjacent tapping signals, it is only required to multiply 10ms by the number of '0' that continuously appears in the data sequence, for example, 80 '0's continuously appear in the data sequence, and then the time interval of the adjacent tapping signals is: 80 x 10 ms-0.8 s.
After the knocking event is analyzed, searching a corresponding expected operation from the mapping list according to the analyzed d1 and d2, and executing the expected operation; at the same time, the data sequence is cleared after the desired operation has been performed. For example, according to the partial mapping list prepared above, when the parsed d1d2 is 31, the volume up operation is performed.
In a first embodiment of the present invention, the maximum time interval T2 is 0.8 s.
The above steps S1-S6 describe the process of implementing one of the simulated key operations, and in the implementation, the above steps S1-S6 need to be executed in a loop to implement various simulated key operations.
The second embodiment is as follows:
referring to fig. 1, different from the first embodiment, in the second embodiment, the value of the reference value D1 is 0.5; the fundamental frequency value D2 takes a value of 25 times/ms, and the value of k takes a value of 0.2; the duration T1 takes a value of 4 s; the maximum time interval T2 takes a value of 0.5 s.
The third concrete embodiment:
referring to fig. 1, different from the first embodiment, in the third embodiment, the value of the reference value D1 is 0.8; the fundamental frequency value D2 takes a value of 50 times/ms, and the value of k takes a value of 0.4; the duration T1 takes a value of 5 s; the maximum time interval T2 takes a value of 1 s.
In summary, the invention has the following advantages: 1. the operation expected to be executed by the user is completed through simple microphone knocking detection, so that the inconvenience caused by the fact that a remote controller needs to be transmitted or fails when the user operates by multiple people in the past can be overcome, the function expansibility is good, and the operation is very convenient; 2. the microphone required by the conference system is used for realizing the expected function, and hardware support does not need to be expanded additionally, so that the cost can be greatly reduced.
Although specific embodiments of the invention have been described above, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the specific embodiments described are illustrative only and are not limiting upon the scope of the invention, and that equivalent modifications and variations can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention, which is to be limited only by the appended claims.

Claims (8)

1. A method for simulating key operation by knocking a microphone array is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step S1, setting a striking event starting zone bit and a timer, and initializing the striking event starting zone bit and the timer;
step S2, using the 10ms data as the basic processing unit to read the collected data of the microphone;
s3, detecting whether the read collected data meet the change characteristics of the knocking signal, and if so, entering the step S4; if not, add '0' at the end of the data sequence and proceed to step S5;
step S4, calculating the zero crossing rate of the acquired data, judging whether the acquired data is a knocking signal according to the calculated zero crossing rate, and if so, adding '1' at the end of the data sequence; if not, adding '0' at the end of the data sequence;
step S5, intercepting a complete knocking event;
step S6, analyzing the data sequence according to the intercepted knocking event, searching the corresponding expected operation from the mapping list, and executing the expected operation;
the step S3 specifically includes:
setting a reference value D1 meeting the variation characteristic of the knocking signal;
taking the maximum value in the data of every 1ms as a sampling point of the read acquisition data, selecting 10 sampling points in total, and calculating the difference value between the maximum value and the minimum value in the 10 sampling points; meanwhile, the calculated difference is compared with the reference value D1, and if the difference is greater than the reference value D1, it is determined that the variation characteristic of the tap signal is satisfied, and the process proceeds to step S4; if the difference is less than or equal to the reference value D1, determining that the variation characteristic of the tap signal is not satisfied, at this time, adding '0' to the end of the data sequence, and proceeding to step S5;
the step S4 specifically includes:
setting a fundamental frequency value D2 of the knocking signal;
acquiring a maximum sampling value v of the acquired data and the time t when the maximum sampling value appears, and taking the time t as a center, acquiring a minimum time t _ left when the sampling value is larger than k x v towards the left, and acquiring a maximum time t _ right when the sampling value is larger than k x v towards the right, wherein k is used for determining a signal range of zero-crossing rate calculation, and calculating the zero-crossing times z of the acquired data within the range from the minimum time t _ left to the maximum time t _ right; meanwhile, calculating z/(t _ right-t _ left) to obtain a frequency value, comparing the obtained frequency value with a fundamental frequency value D2, if the frequency value is greater than the fundamental frequency value D2, judging the acquired data as a tapping signal, and adding '1' at the end of the data sequence; if the frequency value is less than or equal to the fundamental frequency value D2, the collected data is judged as a non-tapping signal, and '0' is added at the end of the data sequence.
2. The method for simulating key operation by hitting the microphone array according to claim 1, wherein: the reference value D1 has the following value range: 0.5-0.8.
3. The method for simulating key operation by hitting the microphone array according to claim 1, wherein: the value range of the fundamental frequency value D2 is as follows: 25-50 times/ms.
4. The method for simulating key operation by hitting the microphone array according to claim 1, wherein: the value range of k is as follows: 0.2 to 0.4.
5. The method for simulating key operation by hitting the microphone array according to claim 1, wherein: the step S5 specifically includes:
setting the duration of a full tap event T1;
when a first knocking signal is detected, enabling a knocking event starting zone bit to be equal to 1, starting to intercept the knocking event, and starting a timer to start timing;
judging whether the time of the timer is equal to the set duration T1, if so, ending the interception of the knocking event, simultaneously initializing a knocking event starting flag bit and the timer, and then entering the step S6; if not, the flow proceeds to step S2.
6. The method for simulating key operation by hitting the microphone array according to claim 5, wherein: the value range of the duration T1 is as follows: 4-5 s.
7. The method for simulating key operation by hitting the microphone array according to claim 1, wherein: the step S6 specifically includes:
a mapping list of the knocking event and the expected operation is formulated and stored; setting a maximum time interval T2; when the complete tapping event is intercepted, the data sequence is analyzed, and the complete tapping event is analyzed into 2-digit numbers d1 and d2, which specifically includes:
detecting whether the time interval of one adjacent knocking signal is greater than a set maximum time interval T2 in a complete knocking event, if so, taking the time midpoint between the two knocking signals as a dividing point, recording the accumulated knocking times of a period of time before the dividing point as d1, and recording the accumulated knocking times of a period of time after the dividing point as d 2; if not, recording the accumulated knocking times in the knocking event as d1, and recording d2 as 0;
after the knocking event is analyzed, searching a corresponding expected operation from the mapping list according to the analyzed d1 and d2, and executing the expected operation; at the same time, the data sequence is cleared after the desired operation has been performed.
8. The method for simulating key operation by hitting the microphone array according to claim 7, wherein: the maximum time interval T2 has a value range of: 0.5-1 s.
CN201810384937.1A 2018-04-26 2018-04-26 Method for simulating key operation by knocking microphone array Active CN108664232B (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8441790B2 (en) * 2009-08-17 2013-05-14 Apple Inc. Electronic device housing as acoustic input device
CN202795331U (en) * 2012-09-24 2013-03-13 共青城赛龙通信技术有限责任公司 Electronic device with sound control keying function
CN102981737A (en) * 2012-10-30 2013-03-20 北京小米科技有限责任公司 File operation method and device
CN106534585A (en) * 2016-12-19 2017-03-22 捷开通讯(深圳)有限公司 User operation response system and method for mobile terminal
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