CN108663186B - Device and method for testing gas mass transfer between shale fracture and matrix - Google Patents
Device and method for testing gas mass transfer between shale fracture and matrix Download PDFInfo
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- CN108663186B CN108663186B CN201710192730.XA CN201710192730A CN108663186B CN 108663186 B CN108663186 B CN 108663186B CN 201710192730 A CN201710192730 A CN 201710192730A CN 108663186 B CN108663186 B CN 108663186B
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M9/00—Aerodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on wind tunnels
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/082—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample
Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for testing gas mass transfer between a shale fracture and a matrix, wherein the device comprises: one end of each micro tube is connected with the high-temperature high-pressure gas piston container, and the other end of each micro tube is connected with the pressure-resistant tube; the other end of the high-temperature high-pressure gas piston container is connected to a high-pressure plunger pump, and the high-pressure plunger pump is connected with the gas inlet; the other end of the pressure-resistant pipe is connected to the chromatograph. The invention has the advantages that: the fluid flow rule in different micro-nano scales can be realized, and the shale gas development and shale gas recovery ratio improvement can be facilitated through the tested flow rule.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of oil and gas field development experiments, in particular to a device and a method for testing gas mass transfer between a shale fracture and a matrix.
Background
Shale gas is typically an unconventional natural gas produced from very low pore permeability, organic-rich shale dominated reservoir rock series. The formation and enrichment of the shale gas are self-generation and self-storage, mainly free gas and adsorbed gas, and in-situ saturated and enriched on the micro-nano-scale pore-crack and the surface of mineral particles of a reservoir rock system mainly containing shale.
At present, shale gas is developed by fracturing as a main means, and because shale gas in a pore gap near a fracture is rapidly exploited at the initial stage of development, the initial yield of the shale gas is high, but the late gas reservoir deep shale gas (free gas and desorbed gas) slowly flows into the fracture, the yield is rapidly decreased, and the yield is low and stable for a long time. The fluid mass transfer between shale gas and artificial fracturing fractures in a gas reservoir deep matrix (micro-nano-scale pore gaps) determines the development effect of the shale gas in the later period, and meanwhile, the evaluation of the fluid mass transfer rule between the matrix and the artificial fracturing fractures is also of great significance to the adoption of yield increase measures for the shale gas.
The mass transfer mode of the shale gas is non-slip seepage, existence of slip seepage, transitional flow and molecular diffusion, and is mainly influenced by the pore size. At present, most of shale gas physical simulation is carried out by adopting a core sample to carry out a mass transfer experiment, wherein the core sample comprises a single matrix or a crack sample and a plurality of matrix and crack samples in a series/parallel connection mode. The monolithic sample mode such as Yan bin (Master thesis of southwest oil university, 2015) utilizes a matrix core to carry out a low-speed flow experiment and a diffusion experiment before and after fracturing, and Congye (CN201510767852.8, a shale gas reservoir gas diffusion coefficient experiment testing method) quantitatively evaluates the diffusion mass transfer capability of gas (methane) in shale by monitoring pressure attenuation data of methane gas with certain initial pressure in a constant-temperature closed system to a shale plunger rock sample under an effective stress condition, Zhuwar (CN201420667963.2, a shale gas diffusion coefficient testing device) and Liwu (CN201420638719.3, a shale gas diffusion capability testing instrument) improve the precision of shale core diffusion coefficient testing through methods of parallel use of a common pressure difference meter and a fine pressure difference meter and improvement of data acquisition and the like, and a testing system and a method of Chunpeng (CN201410075251.6, diffusion coefficient and isothermal adsorption/desorption curve) establish a testing device and a method of diffusion coefficient and isothermal adsorption/desorption curve of shale gas, Yu Wang (SPE-180229-MS, 2016, An Experimental Investigation of Desorption Kinetics and Masstransfer in Shale) performed Desorption and diffusion law studies using Shale cores. The 'series/parallel connection' mode of the apertures of a plurality of samples is like a clock glume (scientific technology and engineering, 2015, 15 (10): 64-67), three configuration relations of matrix rock samples and rock samples containing cracks are designed to study the gas mass transfer efficiency of the shale after the action of the fracturing fluid.
Through analysis, the shale core adopted in the research can truly simulate the flowing environment of the shale gas reservoir, but the core is a complex porous medium environment, the obtained result is a comprehensive effect, single-factor evaluation is not facilitated, and judgment on different micro-nano scales cannot be realized. Therefore, a device and a method for testing gas mass transfer between shale fractures and matrixes, which are used for respectively judging different micro-nano scales, need to be established.
The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a device and a method for testing gas mass transfer between a shale crack and a matrix, which can be used for establishing the device for testing gas mass transfer between the shale crack and the matrix, realizing the research on fluid flow rules in different micro-nano scales by utilizing the device and obtaining the influence of pore gaps in different micro-nano scales on shale gas development and yield increase measures.
According to an aspect of the invention, an apparatus for testing gas mass transfer between a shale fracture and a matrix is provided, which includes:
one end of each micro tube is connected with the high-temperature high-pressure gas piston container, and the other end of each micro tube is connected with the pressure-resistant tube;
the other end of the high-temperature high-pressure gas piston container is connected to a high-pressure plunger pump, and the high-pressure plunger pump is connected with the gas inlet;
the other end of the pressure pipe is connected to a chromatograph.
Preferably, the apparatus further comprises;
the first control valve is arranged between the high-temperature high-pressure gas piston container and the micro-pipes;
the second control valve and the third control valve are arranged at two ends of the pressure-resistant pipe.
Preferably, the apparatus further comprises a control valve disposed between the pressure tube and the chromatograph.
Preferably, the chromatographs are the same number as the microtubes.
Preferably, the plurality of microtubes are of the same length and have different inner diameters.
Preferably, the microtubes are glass microtubes.
Preferably, the pressure resistant tube is a metal pressure resistant tube.
According to another aspect of the invention, a method for testing gas mass transfer between a shale fracture and a matrix is provided, which comprises the following steps:
establishing a physical model of the shale matrix and the cracks through a plurality of micro-pipes and pressure-resistant pipes;
mixing shale gas and a gas tracer agent, and filling the mixture into a vacuumized high-temperature high-pressure gas piston container;
respectively connecting the micro-pipes with the high-temperature high-pressure gas piston container, wherein the pressure-resistant pipe is connected with a chromatograph;
and injecting the shale gas and gas tracer mixed gas into the plurality of micro-tubes at constant pressure respectively, and testing the gas outflow conditions in different micro-tubes in real time by the chromatograph to obtain the fluid mass transfer rule of the shale gas in different pore throat sizes.
Preferably, the high-temperature high-pressure gas piston container adopts a high-pressure plunger pump to keep the gas pressure constant to a test pressure, and the test pressure is less than the highest bearing pressure of the micro-pipe and the pressure-resistant pipe.
Preferably, in a high-temperature experimental environment, the physical model and the high-temperature high-pressure gas piston container are placed in an oven and heated to a constant temperature, and the constant temperature is lower than the highest bearing temperature of the microtube and the pressure-resistant tube.
The device and the method have the advantages that: the fluid flow rule in different micro-nano scales can be realized, and the shale gas development and shale gas recovery ratio improvement can be facilitated through the tested flow rule.
The apparatus and methods of the present invention have other features and advantages which will be apparent from or are set forth in detail in the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description, which are incorporated herein, and which together serve to explain certain principles of the invention.
Drawings
The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by describing in more detail exemplary embodiments thereof with reference to the attached drawings, in which like reference numerals generally represent like parts.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of an apparatus for testing gas mass transfer between a shale fracture and a matrix according to one embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of an apparatus for testing gas mass transfer between a shale fracture and a matrix according to another embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 shows a flow diagram of a method for testing gas mass transfer between a shale fracture and a matrix according to the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1. a microtube; 2. a pressure resistant pipe; 3. a first high temperature, high pressure gas piston vessel;
4. a first high-pressure plunger pump; 5. a chromatograph; 6. a first control valve;
7. a second control valve; 8. a third control valve; 9. a plurality of control valves;
10. a second high temperature, high pressure gas piston vessel; 11. a second high pressure plunger pump;
12. and a fourth control valve.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While the preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
The invention provides a device for testing gas mass transfer between a shale fracture and a matrix, which comprises: one end of each micro pipe is connected with the high-temperature high-pressure gas piston container, and the other end of each micro pipe is connected with the pressure pipe; the other end of the high-temperature high-pressure gas piston container is connected to a high-pressure plunger pump, and the high-pressure plunger pump is connected with the gas inlet; the other end of the pressure-resistant pipe is connected to the chromatograph.
The length of the plurality of micro-tubes is the same, the inner diameters of the micro-tubes are different, the micro-tubes with different inner diameters simulate the pore gaps with different micro-nano scales, and the pore gaps with different micro-nano scales can be respectively tested due to the fact that the sizes of the micro-tubes are known.
The test is carried out by adopting a pressure-resistant pipe with larger inner diameter for simulation, the inner diameter is selected according to the length of the wide crack of the fracture, and a plurality of micro-pipes and the pressure-resistant pipe form a physical model of the matrix and the fracture.
When the influence of the pore throat size on the flow needs to be known, the combination of the microtubes with the same length and different inner diameters can be adopted; when the influence of the distance on the flow needs to be known, the combination of the microtubes with the same inner diameter and different lengths can be adopted; simulating different development modes can be realized by changing the flow direction.
As a preferred scheme, the pressure bearing capacity of the microtube and the pressure-resistant pipe is not lower than 10MPa, and the temperature resistance is not lower than 100 ℃.
Preferably, the number of chromatographs and microtubes is the same.
Preferably, the device further comprises;
the first control valve is arranged between the high-temperature high-pressure gas piston container and the plurality of micro-tubes;
the second control valve and the third control valve are arranged at two ends of the pressure-resistant pipe.
Preferably, the device further comprises control valves arranged between the pressure pipe and the chromatograph, and the number of the chromatographs is the same as that of the control valves.
The valve has the functions of stopping, adjusting, guiding, preventing counter flow, stabilizing pressure, shunting or overflowing and relieving pressure.
Preferably, the microtube is a glass microtube. The microtube is not limited to a glass microtube, but also can be other microtubes capable of realizing the same inner and outer diameter size and pressure bearing capacity.
Preferably, the pressure resistant tube is a metal pressure resistant tube. The pressure-resistant pipe is not only a metal pressure-resistant pipe, but also other pressure-resistant pipes capable of realizing the same inner and outer diameter size and pressure-bearing capacity.
The device can simulate the flow of fluid in different micro-nano scales and reveal the flow rule of the fluid.
The invention provides a method for testing gas mass transfer between a shale fracture and a matrix, which comprises the following steps: establishing a physical model of the shale matrix and the cracks through a plurality of micro-pipes and pressure-resistant pipes; mixing shale gas and a gas tracer agent, and filling the mixture into a vacuumized high-temperature high-pressure gas piston container; connecting a plurality of micro-tubes with a high-temperature high-pressure gas piston container respectively, and connecting a pressure-resistant tube with a chromatograph; and injecting shale gas and gas tracer mixed gas into the plurality of micro-tubes at constant pressure respectively, and testing the gas outflow condition in the plurality of micro-tubes in real time by using a chromatograph to obtain the fluid mass transfer rule of the shale gas in different pore throat sizes.
The identification of the gas flow rule is mainly carried out through the test and judgment of a gas tracer and a chromatograph, the gas tracer with a certain concentration is added into the shale gas, and the flowing of the shale gas is judged through the real-time trace test of the gas by the chromatograph.
Preferably, the gas tracer is sulfur hexafluoride, preferably at a concentration of 1-10 × 10-3mg/L。
Preferably, the high-temperature high-pressure gas piston container adopts a high-pressure plunger pump to keep the gas pressure constant to a test pressure, and the test pressure is less than the highest bearing pressure in the microtube and the pressure-resistant tube.
Preferably, in a high-temperature experimental environment, the physical model and the high-temperature high-pressure gas piston container are placed in an oven and heated to a constant temperature, wherein the constant temperature is lower than the highest bearing temperature of the microtube and the pressure-resistant tube.
The device and the experimental method can test the flowing rule of the shale gas, and are beneficial to the development of the shale gas and the improvement of the recovery ratio of the shale gas.
Example 1
Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of an apparatus for testing gas mass transfer between a shale fracture and a matrix according to one embodiment of the present invention.
In the embodiment 1, 5 microtubes 1 with the same length and different inner diameters are selected, the microtubes 1 are glass microtubes, and are combined with a pressure-resistant pipe 2 to establish a physical model, wherein the pressure-resistant pipe 2 is a stainless steel pressure-resistant pipe.
The inner diameters of 5 microtubes 1 are respectively 500nm, 1 μm, 2 μm, 5 μm and 10 μm, the lengths are 5cm, the inner diameter of the pressure-resistant tube 2 is 3mm, the length is 20 cm., the gas tracer is selected from sulfur hexafluoride, and the concentration of methane and the gas tracer is 5 × 10-3The method comprises the steps of mixing and filling mg/L sulfur hexafluoride into a first high-temperature high-pressure gas piston container 3 which is vacuumized, enabling the gas pressure of the first high-temperature high-pressure gas piston container 3 to be constant to 8MPa by a first high-pressure plunger pump 4, connecting 5 micro-pipes 1 with the first high-temperature high-pressure gas piston container 3, connecting a pressure-resistant pipe 2 with a chromatograph 5, arranging a plurality of control valves 6 at each connection part, enabling the number of the control valves 6 to be the same as that of the micro-pipes 1, arranging the first control valves 6 between the first high-temperature high-pressure gas piston container 3 and the 5 micro-pipes 1,and a second control valve 7 and a third control valve 8 are respectively arranged on two sides of the pressure-resistant pipe 2, and the components form an experimental device.
Injecting mixed gas of methane and sulfur hexafluoride into the 5 microtubes 1 under the pressure of 8MPa, and testing the condition of the gas flowing into the pressure pipe 2 from different microtubes 1 in real time by using a chromatograph 5, thereby judging the flowing rule of the gas in different pore throat sizes.
Example 2
Fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of an apparatus for testing gas mass transfer between a shale fracture and a matrix according to another embodiment of the invention.
This example is mainly studied for CO injection2The influence of pore throat size on flow in the shale gas yield process is improved. Selecting 5 microtubes 1 with the same length and different inner diameters, wherein the microtubes 1 are glass microtubes, and combining the glass microtubes with a pressure pipe 2 to establish a physical model, wherein the pressure pipe 2 is a stainless steel pressure pipe.
The inner diameters of 5 glass micro-tubes are respectively 500nm, 1 μm, 2 μm, 5 μm and 10 μm, the lengths are 5cm, the inner diameter of the stainless steel pressure-resistant tube is 3mm, the length is 20 cm., and sulfur hexafluoride is selected as gas tracer, and methane and the concentration is 5 × 10-3mixing mg/L sulfur hexafluoride and filling into the evacuated first high-temperature high-pressure gas piston container 3, and mixing with CO with purity of 99.995%2Filling the gas into a second evacuated high-temperature high-pressure gas piston container 10, wherein the two high-temperature high-pressure gas piston containers respectively adopt a first high-pressure plunger pump 4 and a second high-pressure plunger pump 11 to keep the gas pressure constant to 8MPa and 9MPa, a first control valve 6 and a second control valve 7 are arranged on two sides of a pressure-resistant pipe 2, a third control valve 8 is arranged between the first high-temperature high-pressure gas piston container 3 and the pressure-resistant pipe 2, a fourth control valve 12 is arranged between the second high-temperature high-pressure gas piston container 10 and the pressure-resistant pipe 2, the first high-temperature high-pressure gas piston container 3 is controlled by the first high-pressure plunger pump 4, and the second high-temperature high-pressure gas piston container 10 is controlled by the second high-pressure plunger pump 11. The rest multiple control valves 9 are arranged between the microtube 1 and the chromatograph 5, wherein the number of the multiple control valves 9, the number of the microtube 1 and the number of the chromatograph 5 are the same, the multiple control valves 9 are closed, the microtube 1 and the chromatograph 5 are vacuumized, and then the air is injected into the air inlet of the first high-pressure plunger pump 4Adding a mixture of methane and sulfur hexafluoride, stabilizing the pressure in the model to 8MPa, and injecting CO into the pressure pipe 22The initial pressure is 9MPa, and a chromatograph 5 is used for testing CO flowing out of different microtubes 1 in real time2Further, the condition of (2) is judged as CO2Flow regularity in different pore throat sizes.
Fig. 3 shows a flow diagram of a method for testing gas mass transfer between a shale fracture and a matrix according to the present invention.
As shown in fig. 3, a method for testing gas mass transfer between a shale fracture and a matrix comprises the following steps:
step 1, establishing a physical model of a shale matrix and a crack through a plurality of micro-pipes and pressure-resistant pipes;
and 4, respectively injecting the shale gas and the gas tracer mixed gas into the plurality of micro-tubes at constant pressure, and testing the gas outflow conditions in the plurality of micro-tubes in real time through a chromatograph to obtain the fluid mass transfer rule of the shale gas in different pore throat sizes.
Having described embodiments of the present invention, the foregoing description is intended to be exemplary, not exhaustive, and not limited to the embodiments disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein is chosen in order to best explain the principles of the embodiments, the practical application, or improvements made to the technology in the marketplace, or to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.
Claims (8)
1. A method for testing gas mass transfer between a shale fracture and a matrix utilizes a device for testing gas mass transfer between the shale fracture and the matrix,
the device comprises:
one end of each micro tube is connected with the high-temperature high-pressure gas piston container, and the other end of each micro tube is connected with the pressure-resistant tube;
the other end of the high-temperature high-pressure gas piston container is connected to a high-pressure plunger pump, and the high-pressure plunger pump is connected with the gas inlet;
the other end of the pressure pipe is connected to a chromatograph;
the plurality of microtubes are the same in length and different in inner diameter;
the method comprises the following steps:
establishing a physical model of the shale matrix and the cracks through a plurality of micro-pipes and pressure-resistant pipes;
mixing shale gas and a gas tracer agent, and filling the mixture into a vacuumized high-temperature high-pressure gas piston container;
respectively connecting the micro-pipes with the high-temperature high-pressure gas piston container, wherein the pressure-resistant pipe is connected with a chromatograph;
and injecting the shale gas and gas tracer mixed gas into the plurality of micro-tubes at constant pressure respectively, and testing the gas outflow conditions in different micro-tubes in real time by the chromatograph to obtain the fluid mass transfer rule of the shale gas in different pore throat sizes.
2. The method for testing gas mass transfer between a shale fracture and a matrix as claimed in claim 1, wherein the high temperature high pressure gas piston vessel employs a high pressure plunger pump to maintain gas pressure constant to an experimental pressure that is less than the highest bearing pressure of the microtube and the pressure tube.
3. The method for testing gas mass transfer between shale fractures and a matrix according to claim 1, wherein in a high temperature experimental environment, the physical model and the high temperature high pressure gas piston vessel are placed in an oven and heated to a constant temperature, the constant temperature being lower than the highest bearing temperature of the micro-pipe and the pressure-resistant pipe.
4. The method for testing gas mass transfer between a shale fracture and a matrix according to claim 1, wherein said apparatus further comprises;
the first control valve is arranged between the high-temperature high-pressure gas piston container and the micro-pipes;
the second control valve and the third control valve are arranged at two ends of the pressure-resistant pipe.
5. The method of testing gas mass transfer between a shale fracture and a matrix as claimed in claim 4, wherein said apparatus further comprises a control valve disposed between said pressure tube and said chromatograph.
6. The method for testing gas mass transfer between a shale fracture and a matrix according to claim 1, wherein the chromatographs are the same number as the microtubes.
7. The method for testing gas mass transfer between a shale fracture and a matrix as claimed in claim 1, wherein said microtubes are glass microtubes.
8. The method of testing gas mass transfer between a shale fracture and a matrix as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pressure resistant tube is a metal pressure resistant tube.
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