CN108661762B - Metal carrier capable of being used for electric heating and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Metal carrier capable of being used for electric heating and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108661762B CN108661762B CN201810437377.1A CN201810437377A CN108661762B CN 108661762 B CN108661762 B CN 108661762B CN 201810437377 A CN201810437377 A CN 201810437377A CN 108661762 B CN108661762 B CN 108661762B
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- metal carrier
- sheets
- inner core
- sheet
- corrugated
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
- F01N3/2803—Construction of catalytic reactors characterised by structure, by material or by manufacturing of catalyst support
- F01N3/2807—Metal other than sintered metal
- F01N3/281—Metallic honeycomb monoliths made of stacked or rolled sheets, foils or plates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
- C23C8/24—Nitriding
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2006—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating
- F01N3/2013—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating using electric or magnetic heating means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
- F01N2330/02—Metallic plates or honeycombs, e.g. superposed or rolled-up corrugated or otherwise deformed sheet metal
- F01N2330/04—Methods of manufacturing
Abstract
The invention discloses a metal carrier for electric heating, comprising: the metal carrier inner core comprises at least one group of carrier sheets, each group of carrier sheets comprises flat sheets and corrugated sheets which can be electrically heated, the metal carrier inner core is formed by sequentially winding and fixing the flat sheets and the corrugated sheets in a mode of one flat sheet and one corrugated sheet, and an insulating layer is coated on the periphery of at least one of any adjacent flat sheets and corrugated sheets. The invention has the advantages of stable integral structure, sufficient space utilization, rapid exhaust temperature increase, synchronous catalyst temperature increase, catalyst initial working time shortening and emission effect improvement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electric heating metal carriers. More particularly, the present invention relates to a metal carrier that can be used for electrical heating and a method for making the same.
Background
The catalytic converter converts CO, HC, and NO in exhaust gas by the action of a catalystxAn exhaust gas purifying device which converts into gas harmless to human body, a three-way catalytic converter has no catalytic ability at normal temperature, the catalyst has oxidation or reduction capability only after being heated to a certain temperature, the light-off temperature of the catalytic converter is usually 250-350 ℃, the normal working temperature is generally above 350 ℃, the exhaust temperature in the cold starting stage can not reach the light-off temperature of the catalyst, so that the conversion efficiency of the catalytic converter is very low, meanwhile, the emission amount of the starting is high, so that a large amount of pollutants are emitted during cold starting, the HC emissions in this test period account for (60% -80%) of the total emissions of the entire test cycle, however, the problems of low exhaust temperature and large vehicle emission during cold start cannot be solved by adjusting the formula of the catalyst alone, and how to adjust the temperature of the catalytic converter during cold start is the key of the emission control technology.
Similarly, the most ideal means for controlling the emission of the fifth stage and the sixth stage of the global diesel vehicle at present is to use an SCR system, and inject reducing agent ammonia or urea under the action of a catalyst to remove NO in tail gasxReduction to N2And H2O, the key to SCR systems is the fast pyrolysis of urea. After urea passes through the urea nozzle, the higher the ambient temperature of urea spray is, the faster the urea pyrolysis reaction is, and conversely, the lower the temperature is, the slower the urea pyrolysis reaction is, the more insufficient the urea pyrolysis reaction is, once the urea pyrolysis is insufficient, crystals are formed, and the whole exhaust aftertreatment is influencedThe system works properly, therefore, the SCR technology application must solve the urea crystallization problem. When the engine is operating in cold start and low load conditions, the engine exhaust temperature is lower, although fewer SCRs are required; however, too low exhaust gas temperature still easily leads to insufficient urea decomposition, and urea crystallization is likely to occur. Although the exhaust temperature can be raised to a certain extent by means of insufficient combustion of fuel, heating the whole exhaust pipeline wastes fuel, the raising temperature is slow, and the emission is easy to deteriorate, and how to raise the temperature of the SCR carrier to avoid urea crystallization is the key of the emission control technology of the diesel vehicle.
Further, with the use of new energy vehicles, such as hybrid vehicles and vehicles powered by liquefied gas, methanol and ethanol, the new energy vehicles are gradually popularized, and also encounter the problem that the catalytic conversion effect is not ideal due to low exhaust temperature, and how to adjust the temperature of a catalytic converter during cold start is also the key of the emission control technology, and the important point here is to emphasize the situation of the hybrid vehicles, and during the electric-gasoline mode conversion, the exhaust catalyst is in a condition of being lower than the light-off temperature for a long time, and after gasoline start, a few minutes of time for heating the catalyst is needed, and the exhaust emission is in an untreated state, so that how to rapidly increase the temperature of the catalyst and reduce the pollution of the exhaust emission is also the problem which needs to be solved urgently at present.
At present, a common catalytic converter is heated by using a resistance wire or an electric heating tube to improve exhaust temperature, but the surface area of the resistance wire or the electric heating tube is smaller and cannot provide enough heat quickly, the name of the common catalytic converter is CN206987930U, the name is a catalyst metal carrier capable of being preheated, an electric heating inner core is arranged at the front end of a catalytic inner core of the metal carrier, the temperature of the electric heating inner core can be quickly improved by electrifying the electric heating inner core in the cold starting stage of an engine, and further the temperature of automobile exhaust passing through the electric heating inner core is improved to improve the catalytic efficiency of a subsequent catalytic inner core, but the common catalytic converter is similar to the electric heating tube with enlarged contact area in nature, although the surface area is increased, the common catalytic converter still belongs to indirect heating, and the heating instantaneity has certain; the patent is that the patent is CN105464766B, the name is a method for manufacturing an electrically heatable metal carrier, the patent uses a mode of leaving a group of gaps in the metal carrier to solve the problem of insulation between metal sheets, if the gaps are too large, the heating of the exhaust tail gas is insufficient, the post-treatment efficiency is reduced, if the gaps are too small, the metal carrier can have the problem of gap closure under the action of long-time high temperature and vibration, the internal short circuit of the carrier is caused, the heating function is lost, meanwhile, the metal carrier still belongs to indirect heating, and the metal carrier is arranged at the front end of a catalytic converter, and the heating instantaneity has a certain problem;
therefore, with the stricter emission regulations, it is an urgent problem to provide an electrically heatable carrier with stable structure and reliable performance.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the present invention is to solve at least the above problems and to provide at least the advantages described later.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide a metal carrier for electric heating, which has a stable overall structure and sufficient space utilization, effectively ensures the amount of exhaust gas treated within a certain period of time, and improves the treatment effect.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a method for preparing a metal support which can be used for electrical heating.
To achieve these objects and other advantages in accordance with the purpose of the invention, there is provided a metal carrier usable for electric heating, comprising: the metal carrier inner core comprises at least one group of carrier sheets, each group of carrier sheets comprises flat sheets and corrugated sheets which can be electrically heated, the metal carrier inner core is formed by sequentially winding and fixing the flat sheets and the corrugated sheets in a mode of one flat sheet and one corrugated sheet, and an insulating layer is coated on the periphery of at least one of any adjacent flat sheets and corrugated sheets.
Preferably, the flat sheet and the corrugated sheet are both formed by pressing iron-chromium-aluminum foil strips, wherein the thicknesses of the flat sheet and the corrugated sheet are both 0.03-0.1 mm.
Preferably, the insulating layer is one of a ceramic coating, an oxide layer or an aluminum nitride layer, or a plurality of sequentially coated ceramic coating, wherein the thickness of the ceramic coating is 0.005-0.1mm, and the thickness of the oxide layer and the thickness of the aluminum nitride layer are both 0.0002-0.005 mm.
Preferably, the metal carrier for electric heating further comprises: the flat sheet and one end of the corrugated sheet are both electrically communicated and fixedly arranged on the central electrode and are wound by taking the central electrode as an axis;
the number of the external electrodes is equal to the number of the carrier sheets, and the free ends of the flat sheets and the corrugated sheets of one group of carrier sheets are fixedly arranged on one external electrode and are electrically communicated with the external electrode.
Preferably, the central electrode is one of a hollow tube or a solid tube.
Preferably, the metal carrier for electric heating further comprises: the metal carrier inner core is sleeved in the shell.
Preferably, at least one groove is pressed on the side face of the flat sheet and the side face of the corrugated sheet at intervals along the width direction of the sheet, the grooves are arranged along the length direction of the sheet, the inner core of the metal carrier is formed by winding the flat sheet and the corrugated sheet, and the grooves of the adjacent flat sheet and the adjacent corrugated sheet are buckled and fixed with each other, wherein the longitudinal section of each groove is nearly trapezoidal or rectangular.
Preferably, the length of the outer shell is slightly greater than or equal to the length of the inner core of the metal carrier, and fixing frames are fixedly arranged at two ends of the outer shell to fix the inner core of the metal carrier.
Preferably, the flat sheet and the corrugated sheet are circumferentially coated with a catalyst.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the metal carrier for electric heating, wherein the insulating layer is an aluminum nitride layer, and the specific method for covering the aluminum nitride layer comprises the following steps: placing the sheet body to be processed in a high-temperature vacuum furnace, controlling the temperature of the high-temperature vacuum furnace at 1100--2-3.2*10-4Pa, keeping for 5-160min, controlling the temperature of the high-temperature vacuum furnace to be reduced to 820-1050 ℃, keeping for 0-120min, charging nitrogen until the pressure in the furnace is 0.05-0.3MPa, and keeping for 0-180minAnd cooling and discharging.
The invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects:
firstly, sequentially winding a flat sheet and a corrugated sheet to form a honeycomb-shaped metal carrier inner core, wherein the whole structure is stable, and the problem of structural deformation caused by long-time high temperature and vibration is effectively avoided; secondly, the honeycomb metal carrier inner core uniformly partitions and fully utilizes the whole internal space, so that space waste does not exist, the contact area between the tail gas and the honeycomb metal carrier inner core is increased, the tail gas is uniformly heated, the tail gas treatment capacity in a certain time is effectively ensured, and the treatment effect is improved;
secondly, the tail gas usually contains conductive carbon particles, the inevitable tail gas containing the carbon particles passes through the metal carrier core and is attached to the metal carrier core, and the adjacent flat sheets and the corrugated sheets are connected through the carbon particles along with the aggregation of the carbon particles, but in the application, an insulating layer is coated on the circumferential direction of at least one of the adjacent flat sheets and the corrugated sheets, so that the electrical communication between the adjacent flat sheets and the corrugated sheets cannot be caused even if all the sheets are electrified and are aggregated in the hollow air channel of the metal carrier core, and the metal carrier core which covers the insulating layer is coated on the circumferential direction of the flat sheets and the corrugated sheets, so that the electrical communication between the adjacent flat sheets and the corrugated sheets cannot be caused even if the end part of the metal carrier core is aggregated, the resistance value of the metal carrier core is changed, and the heating effect of the whole metal carrier core is reduced, or preferably, the current passing through the insulating layer is not conducted, and the problem of electric connection of the end parts through carbon particles does not exist, and the problem of electric connection of the end parts of two adjacent sheets does not exist because the two adjacent sheets are separated by the sheet body coated with the insulating layer (different from the situation that the insulating layer is simply clamped between the adjacent flat sheet and corrugated sheet, or the possibility that the resistance is changed exists when an air layer is used as the insulating layer as disclosed in CN 105464766B); for the mode of covering all the insulating layers, the insulating layers are covered on the flat sheets and the corrugated sheets for manufacturing the metal carrier inner core in the circumferential direction, so that the whole peripheral surface of the metal carrier inner core is equivalent to an insulating outer surface, the problem that the metal carrier inner core is contacted with electricity when the flat sheets and the corrugated sheets are conductive does not exist, the safety is greatly improved, and meanwhile, compared with the existing metal carrier, the metal carrier can be sleeved without using an insulating shell.
Thirdly, the insulating layer is one of a ceramic coating, an oxide layer or an aluminum nitride layer or a plurality of sequentially coated ceramic coating, wherein the thickness of the ceramic coating is 0.005-0.1mm, and the thickness of the oxide layer or the aluminum nitride layer is 0.0002-0.005mm, so that the insulating property of the coating can be ensured, the excessive reduction of the heating speed of the inner core of the metal carrier caused by coating of the coating can be avoided, and the influence of the addition of the ceramic coating on the heating performance of the inner core of the metal carrier is reduced;
fourth, center electrode sets up to the tubulose, and it is more even to be heated, and the center electrode that the cavity body set up can effectively reduce the thermal capacity of center electrode itself, improves the programming rate, through nearly ladder, or rectangle recess lock, and simple structure and steadiness are good, and metal carrier inner core after through the recess lock is further fixed in the shell through cross or rice word frame in, the shell be the tube-shape with metal carrier inner core looks adaptation this moment.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an uncoiled metallic carrier for electric heating according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an uncoiled metallic carrier for electric heating according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an uncoiled metallic carrier for electric heating according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a rolled structure corresponding to FIG. 1 according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a rolled structure according to one embodiment of the present invention corresponding to FIG. 2;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a rolled structure according to an embodiment of the present invention corresponding to FIG. 3;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a housing according to one embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a retractable crossover tube according to one embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples so that those skilled in the art can practice the invention with reference to the description.
As shown in fig. 1 to 8, the present invention provides a metal carrier usable for electric heating, comprising:
the metal carrier core comprises at least one group of carrier sheets, each group of carrier sheets comprises flat sheets 10 and corrugated sheets 11 which can be electrically heated, the metal carrier core is formed by sequentially winding and fixing the flat sheets 10 and the corrugated sheets 11 in a mode of one flat sheet 10 and one corrugated sheet 11, and an insulating layer is coated on the periphery of at least one of any adjacent flat sheets 10 and any adjacent corrugated sheet 11.
In the above technical solution, one flat sheet 10 or one corrugated sheet 11 is collectively referred to as "one sheet body", and the covering manner of the metal carrier core insulating layer includes four major manners, that is, the first, all corrugated sheets 11 and flat sheets 10 are covered with the insulating layer; the second, all the corrugated sheets 11 are covered with insulating layers, and all the flat sheets 10 are not covered with insulating layers; thirdly, all the flat sheets 10 are covered with insulating layers, and all the corrugated sheets 11 are not covered with insulating layers; the fourth, corrugated plate 11 and flat plate 10 are selectively covered, but it is ensured that at least one of the adjacent flat plate 10 and corrugated plate 11 is circumferentially covered with an insulating layer. The flat sheet 10 and the corrugated sheet 11 are both electrically heatable sheets, so that the electrical heating manner at least includes the following manners: firstly, the method comprises the following steps: all the corrugated sheets 11 and the flat sheets 10 are electrified and heated; the second, all corrugated sheets 11 are electrically heated, while the flat sheets 10 are not heated; thirdly, all the flat sheets 10 are heated by electrifying, and the corrugated sheets 11 are not heated by electrifying; fourthly, selectively electrifying and heating certain sheet bodies needing to be heated according to design and working requirements; in the use, the circular telegram makes the lamellar body circular telegram heating of needs heating, and then to the gas of waiting to heat (if install in automobile exhaust's outlet duct 81, the gas of waiting to heat is automobile exhaust) heating that needs the heating. By adopting the technical scheme, firstly, the honeycomb-shaped metal carrier inner core is formed by sequentially winding a flat sheet 10 and a corrugated sheet 11, so that the whole structure is stable, and the problem of structural deformation caused by long-time high temperature and vibration is effectively avoided; secondly, the honeycomb metal carrier inner core uniformly partitions and fully utilizes the whole internal space, so that space waste does not exist, the contact area between the tail gas and the honeycomb metal carrier inner core is increased, the tail gas is uniformly heated, the tail gas treatment capacity in a certain time is effectively ensured, and the treatment effect is improved; further, the exhaust gas usually contains conductive carbon particles, the inevitable exhaust gas containing carbon particles passes through the metal carrier core and is attached to the metal carrier core, and the adjacent flat sheets 10 and the corrugated sheets 11 are connected through the carbon particles along with the aggregation of the carbon particles, but in the present application, an insulating layer is circumferentially coated on at least one of the adjacent flat sheets 10 and the corrugated sheets 11, so even if all the sheets are electrically connected in the hollow air channel of the metal carrier core, the electrical connection between the adjacent flat sheets 10 and the corrugated sheets 11 is not caused, and for the metal carrier core which is uniformly covered with the insulating layer, the electrical connection between the adjacent flat sheets 10 and the corrugated sheets 11 is not caused even if the end portion of the metal carrier core is aggregated, and the resistance value of the metal carrier core is changed, the heating effect of the whole metal carrier core is reduced, or the electrifying without the insulating layer is preferably carried out by covering the insulating layer, the problem that the end parts of two adjacent sheets are not electrically communicated because of the sheet body covered with the insulating layer at intervals even if the sheet body not covered with the insulating layer is electrified by carbon particles does not exist, and the possibility that the resistance is changed exists when the insulating layer is simply clamped between the adjacent flat sheet 10 and the corrugated sheet 11 or when an air layer is used as the insulating layer as disclosed in CN 105464766B; finally, for the third covering mode of the insulating layer of the metal carrier inner core, the insulating layers are covered on the flat sheet 10 and the corrugated sheet 11 which are used for manufacturing the metal carrier inner core in the circumferential direction, so that the whole peripheral surface of the metal carrier inner core is equivalent to an insulating outer surface, the problem that the metal carrier inner core is contacted and electrified when the flat sheet 10 and the corrugated sheet 11 are conductive does not exist, the safety is greatly improved, and meanwhile, compared with the existing metal carrier, the insulating layer can be sleeved without the insulating shell 4.
In another technical scheme, the flat sheets 10 and the corrugated sheets 11 are both formed by pressing iron-chromium-aluminum foil strips, wherein the thicknesses of the flat sheets 10 and the corrugated sheets 11 are both 0.03-0.1 mm. By adopting the technical scheme, the iron-chromium-aluminum foil belt is a high-temperature resistant material, the thickness is controlled to be 0.03-0.1mm, and the heating speed of the metal carrier inner core prepared by the flat sheet 10 and the corrugated sheet 11 pressed by the thinner iron-chromium-aluminum foil belt is higher under the same heating condition.
Preferably, the thickness of the flat sheet 10 and the thickness of the corrugated sheet 11 are both 0.04 to 0.06 mm.
In another technical scheme, the insulating layer is one of a ceramic coating, an oxide layer or an aluminum nitride layer, or a plurality of the ceramic coating, the oxide layer or the aluminum nitride layer are sequentially coated, wherein the thickness of the ceramic coating is 0.005-0.1mm, and the thickness of the oxide layer or the aluminum nitride layer is 0.0002-0.005 mm. By adopting the technical scheme, the insulating layer is one of a ceramic coating, an oxide layer or an aluminum nitride layer, or any two or three of the sequentially coated setting modes, if the insulating layer is made of a single material, the heat conductivity coefficient of the first and the conventional iron chromium aluminum foil strip is about 63W/mK, the specific heat capacity is about 490J/kg ℃, the heat conductivity coefficient of the ceramic coating is lower than that of the iron chromium aluminum foil strip, and the specific heat capacity of the ceramic coating is about 850J/kg ℃, and is greater than that of the iron chromium aluminum foil strip, so that the heat transfer effect of the flat sheet 10 and the corrugated sheet 11 with the ceramic coating is lower than that of the flat sheet 10 and the corrugated sheet 11 without the ceramic coating, the heating performance is reduced to a certain extent, the thickness of the ceramic coating is controlled to be 0.005-0.1mm, the insulating property of the ceramic coating can be ensured, and the excessive reduction of the heating speed of the metal carrier core caused by the coating of the ceramic coating can be avoided, the influence of the addition of the ceramic coating on the heating performance of the inner core of the metal carrier is reduced; secondly, the oxide layer can be an oxide layer prepared by utilizing a high-temperature oxidation process, and due to the characteristic that the surface aluminum content of the iron-chromium-aluminum foil strip material is high (if the aluminum content of the iron-chromium-aluminum foil strip substrate material is about 5.5 percent, the surface aluminum content can reach about 20 percent through measurement), by utilizing the characteristic, a high-temperature oxidation process is utilized to form an oxide layer on the surfaces of the flat sheet 10 and the corrugated sheet 11, the main components of the oxide are electrically insulated alumina, chromium oxide and iron oxide, the structure of the oxide coating is tightly combined with the iron-chromium-aluminum foil strip substrate with high strength and is not easy to fall off, the compact oxide layer can effectively prevent the iron-chromium-aluminum strip from being further oxidized, the good insulation effect can be achieved, the coating is thin and has high heat conduction speed, the influence on the electrical heating performance of the inner core of the metal carrier is very small, the production cost is low, the coating, if the catalyst layer needs to be coated on the later-stage insulating layer, the catalyst transition layer can be directly coated on the oxide layer, and the coating of the catalyst layer is not influenced; thirdly, the oxide layer can be an oxide layer prepared by using a chemical oxidant, wherein the chemical oxidant can be nitric acid, hydrofluoric acid, oxalic acid and the like, the chemical oxidant can form the oxide layer and can be used together with anodic oxidation, the efficiency of forming the oxide layer is higher, the thickness of the oxide layer prepared by using the chemical oxidant is preferably 0.0005-0.005mm, and the main components of the oxide for forming the oxide layer are electrically insulated aluminum oxide, chromium oxide and iron oxide which have similar characteristics of the oxide layer prepared by using a high-temperature oxidation process; fourthly, the aluminum nitride layer can be formed on the surface of the iron-chromium-aluminum foil belt by utilizing a high-temperature reaction technology, has good insulating property, is firmly combined with the matrix, has thin coating and high heat conduction speed, has little influence on the electrical heating property of the inner core of the metal carrier, and can form micron-sized flaky and needle-shaped bulges on the surface in the preparation process of the aluminum nitride layer, so that if a catalyst layer is coated subsequently, the firmness of the subsequent catalyst coating is improved; if the metal carrier inner core is in any two or three sequentially-coated setting modes, the insulating advantages of two or three insulating layers can be effectively combined, the performance of the insulating layers can be comprehensively regulated, the key index of the electrical heating of the metal carrier inner core is to ensure the heating speed while ensuring the insulating effect, and the ceramic coating, the oxide layer or the aluminum nitride layer insulating layer can well meet the requirements.
In another technical solution, the metal carrier for electric heating further includes: the flat sheet 10 and one end of the corrugated sheet 11 are both fixedly connected to the central electrode 2 in an electric communication manner, and the central electrode 2 is used as an axis for winding;
the number of the outer electrodes 3 is equal to the number of the carrier sheets, and the free ends of the flat sheets 10 and the corrugated sheets 11 of one set of carrier sheets are fixedly arranged on one outer electrode 3 and are electrically communicated with the outer electrode. By adopting the technical scheme, one ends of the flat sheet 10 and the corrugated sheet 11 are both fixedly connected on the central electrode 2 in an electric communication mode, the flat sheet 10 and the corrugated sheet 11 which are welded on the central electrode 2 can be welded firstly, the flat sheet 10 and the corrugated sheet 11 can be welded with the central electrode 2, an insulating layer can be formed later, the insulating layer at the welding position can be removed and then electric communication is performed in a welding mode, if the inner core of the metal carrier comprises at least two groups of carrier sheets, the two groups of carrier sheets are preferably arranged at equal intervals, the lengths of the at least two groups of carrier sheets are approximately the same through the equal interval arrangement, the resistances of the flat sheet 10 and the corrugated sheet 11 are further enabled to be similar, the heating amount is enabled to be similar, and the heating is enabled to be more uniform.
In another technical solution, the central electrode 2 is one of a hollow tube or a solid tube. By adopting the technical scheme, the central electrode 2 is set to be tubular, so that the heating is more uniform, and the central electrode 2 arranged in the hollow tube body can effectively reduce the heat capacity of the central electrode 2 and improve the heating speed.
In another technical solution, the metal carrier for electric heating further includes: and the metal carrier inner core is sleeved in the outer shell 4. By adopting the technical scheme, the shell 4 plays a role in fixing and protecting the inner core of the metal carrier, the side wall of the shell 4 can be provided with a hole body for the outer electrode 3 to pass through, so that the whole device is convenient to mount, the insulating layer can be covered on the periphery of the shell 4, and the insulating effect of the whole metal carrier is further improved.
In another technical scheme, at least one groove is pressed on the outer side surface of the flat sheet 10 and the outer side surface of the corrugated sheet 11 at intervals along the width direction of the sheet body, the grooves are arranged along the length direction of the sheet body, the inner core of the metal carrier is formed by winding the flat sheet 10 and the corrugated sheet 11, and the grooves of the adjacent flat sheet 10 and the adjacent corrugated sheet 11 are buckled and fixed, wherein the longitudinal section of each groove is nearly trapezoidal or rectangular; by adopting the technical scheme, the ladder is buckled through the near ladder or the rectangular groove, and the structure is simple and the stability is good.
In another technical scheme, the length of the outer shell 4 is slightly greater than or equal to the length of the metal carrier inner core, fixing frames are fixedly arranged at two ends of the outer shell 4, the fixing frames can be frame bodies in other patterns such as cross shapes, meter shapes or net shapes to fix the metal carrier inner core, and the fixing frames are mainly used for fixing and simultaneously allowing air to pass through. By adopting the technical scheme, the inner core of the metal carrier can be effectively fixed in the shell 4 through a cross or a Chinese character mi, and the shell 4 is in a cylindrical shape matched with the inner core of the metal carrier.
In another preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 7 to 8, the housing 4 includes:
the outer cylinder 5 is a cylindrical cylinder with an internal thread at one end, a truncated cone-shaped bell mouth 50 is coaxially communicated and fixedly arranged at the other end along the direction far away from the outer cylinder 5, and one end of the bell mouth 50 far away from the outer cylinder 5 is communicated with a waste gas outlet to be treated;
the inner cylinder 6 is coaxially and fixedly sleeved in the outer cylinder 5 to form a first channel 60 for waste gas to flow through with the outer cylinder 5, one end, close to the bell mouth 50, of the inner cylinder 6 is arranged in a sealing mode, one end, close to the bell mouth 50, of the inner cylinder 6 is circumferentially clamped with a first baffle frame 61, a plurality of sliding grooves are formed in the inner cylinder 6 at intervals along the circumferential direction of the inner cylinder 6, the sliding grooves are arranged along the length direction of the inner cylinder 6 and are located between the first baffle frame 61 and one end, far away from the bell mouth 50, of the inner cylinder 6, four supporting seats are arranged in the inner cylinder 6 along the length direction of the inner cylinder 6, and the four supporting seats are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of;
a shrinking crossing cylinder 7 comprising a rectangular wrapping portion 70, first cross bars 71 fixed at intervals along one long edge of the wrapping portion 70, and second cross bars 72 fixed at intervals along the other long edge of the wrapping portion 70, wherein the first cross bars 71 and the second cross bars are equally divided into the wrapping portion 70 one by one (adjacently arranged according to the extension line of one first cross bar 71 and one second cross bar 72) along the extension line of the width direction of the wrapping portion 70, the first cross bars 71 and the second cross bars 72 are arranged in a crossing manner, and a first slider 73 fixed to the end portions of a plurality of first cross bars 71 passing through the second cross bars 72, a second slider 74 fixed to the end portions of a plurality of second cross bars 72 passing through the first cross bars 71, a wrapped metal carrier core is placed in the shrinking crossing cylinder 7, and the first slider 73 and the second slider 74 are pulled to tighten and fix the metal carrier core, arranging a first slide block 73 and a second slide block 74 in corresponding slide grooves so as to coaxially sleeve a contraction cross tube 7 and a metal carrier inner core in a supporting space formed by four supporting seats of the inner tube 6, wherein one end of the contraction cross tube 7 close to the bell mouth 50 is abutted against the first baffle frame 61, and a second channel 75 for waste circulation is formed between the contraction cross tube 7 and the inner tube 6;
the connecting assembly 8 comprises a cylindrical transition pipe 80, one end of the cylindrical transition pipe 80 is provided with an external thread matched with the internal thread of the outer cylinder 5, the other end of the transition pipe 80 is coaxially sleeved with an air outlet pipe 81, one end, close to the external thread of the transition pipe 80, of the air outlet pipe 81 is provided with a second blocking frame 82, when the transition pipe 80 is in sealing threaded connection with the outer cylinder 5, the second blocking frame 82 is abutted against the end part of the inner core of the metal carrier, and the other end of the air outlet pipe 81 is positioned outside the transition pipe 80 so as to discharge gas passing through the inner core of the metal carrier;
the ratio of the area of the longitudinal section of the inner core of the metal carrier, the area of the longitudinal section of the inner cylinder 6, the area of the longitudinal section of the outer cylinder 5 and the area of the longitudinal section of the air outlet pipe 81 is 1:2:3:1, and the inner cylinder 6 and the shrinkage cross cylinder 7 are made of heat insulating materials. By adopting the technical scheme, the inner cylinder 6 can be fixed in the outer cylinder 5 in a supporting and welding mode through a supporting rod or a supporting frame, one end of the outer cylinder 5, which is far away from the bell mouth 50, is arranged in an open shape, one end of the inner cylinder 6, which is far away from the bell mouth 50, is arranged in an open shape, the shell 4 is arranged in a multilayer cylindrical shape, and firstly, the arrangement of the first passage and the second passage effectively prolongs the waste circulation passage under the condition of avoiding unsmooth circulation of waste gas, so that sufficient working time is provided for the inner core of the metal carrier, and the heating effect of the inner core of the metal carrier; secondly, the waste is fully preheated in the flowing process of the first passage and the second passage, so that the waste of energy is avoided, the time for heating the waste gas to the preset temperature is further shortened, and the heating effect of the inner core of the metal carrier is improved; further, the inner cylinder 6 and the shrinkage cross cylinder 7 are made of heat insulation materials, so that a heat source of the inner core of the metal carrier is effectively stored, heat is gathered, and the heating strength of waste gas is increased; finally, the arrangement of the shrinkage cross cylinder 7 can effectively tighten and fix the inner core of the metal carrier on the basis of not influencing the structure of the inner core of the metal carrier.
In another preferred technical scheme, the one end that outlet duct 81 was equipped with second shelves frame with transition pipe 80 has between the one end of external screw thread and establishes through the annular net seal and form annular and hold chamber 9, the annular holds the intracavity and packs high temperature resistant quartz wool, adopt this kind of technical scheme, waste gas through first passageway 60 gets into second passageway 75 through holding chamber 9, when holding chamber 9, the impurity that can effectual damming is set up to quartz wool, wherein mainly be the carbon granule, further avoid the influence of carbon granule to the metal carrier inner core, the life of extension metal carrier inner core, simultaneously, coupling assembling 8 uses the mode of easily dismantling, the quartz wool is convenient for change equally, the effectual cost that saves.
In another technical scheme, the flat sheets 10 and the corrugated sheets 11 coated with the insulating layers are coated with the catalyst in the circumferential direction. Adopt this kind of technical scheme, as the application of motor vehicle exhaust catalytic converter, if the insulating layer does not cover and establishes the catalyst outward, whole device can cooperate catalytic converter work, preheat tail gas, and then the tail gas after will heating passes through to catalytic converter, improve catalytic converter's work efficiency, but its existence needs catalyst itself to have certain ignition temperature because the catalyst reaction, this tail gas after just needing to heat carries out a heat transfer's effect once more to the catalyst, and direct cover establishes the catalyst in insulating layer circumference, the inner core of metal carrier heaies up, when heating tail gas, the heating catalysis connects, the catalyst can directly reach ignition temperature fast, turn into indirect heating direct heating, make the quick time of igniting of catalyst when effectively shortening motor vehicle cold start. Meanwhile, the catalyst can be a methanol cracking catalyst and is applied as a cracker for cracking catalysis, when the metal carrier is electrified and heated, the metal inner core is rapidly heated, and the methanol cracking catalyst is heated, so that the temperature for cracking the methanol can be reached in a short time, and the requirement for cracking the methanol in a short time is met.
When the metal carrier core comprises a group of carrier sheets, as shown in fig. 1 and 4, wherein the corrugated sheet 11 is not shown in fig. 4, one end of a flat sheet 10 and one end of a corrugated sheet 11 are welded and fixed on the central electrode 2, the winding is started with the central electrode 2, the corrugated sheets are fixed when the winding is finished, the ends of the flat sheet 10 and the corrugated sheet 11 are welded and fixed on an outer electrode 3 together, the wound metal carrier core, the central electrode 2 and the outer electrode 3 are installed in the shell 4 together, and the outer electrode 3 is led out of the shell 4.
When the metal carrier core comprises two groups of carrier sheets, as shown in fig. 2 and 5, the two groups of carrier sheets are arranged at intervals, and preferably, a fixed point connecting line of the two groups of carrier sheets passes through the central axis of the central electrode 2, two flat sheets 10 and two corrugated sheets 11 are welded and fixed on the central electrode 2, the central electrode 2 starts to be wound and fixed, when the winding is finished, the tail ends of the flat sheets 10 and the corrugated sheets 11 of one group of carrier sheets are welded and fixed on one external electrode 3 together, the tail ends of the flat sheets 10 and the corrugated sheets 11 of the other group of carrier sheets are welded and fixed on the other external electrode 3 together, the wound metal carrier core, the central electrode 2 and the external electrode 3 are installed in the shell 4 together, and the electrodes are led out of the carrier.
When the metal carrier core comprises three or more groups of carrier sheets, preferably three or more groups of carrier sheets are arranged at intervals, and preferably three or more groups of carrier sheets are arranged at equal intervals, as shown in fig. 3 and 6, wherein all corrugated sheets 11 are not shown in fig. 6, all flat sheets 10 and all corrugated sheets 11 are welded and fixed on the central electrode 2 according to one group, the winding and fixing are started by the central electrode 2, when the winding is finished, the tail ends of the flat sheets 10 and the corrugated sheets 11 of one group of carrier sheets are welded and fixed on one outer electrode 3 in a one-to-one correspondence manner, the wound metal carrier core, the central electrode 2 and the outer electrode 3 are arranged in the shell 4 together, and the electrode is led out of the carrier;
no matter the metal carrier inner core comprises a plurality of groups of carrier sheets, no requirements are made on the anode and the cathode of the central electrode 2 and the outer electrodes, the central electrode 2 can be connected with the anode, all the outer electrodes 3 are communicated with one cathode, the central electrode 2 can also be connected with the cathode, all the outer electrodes 3 are communicated with one anode, thus, for the same metal carrier inner core, the flat sheets 10 and the corrugated sheets 11 belong to a parallel connection relation, the metal carrier inner core with the same specification, the resistance of the metal carrier inner core consisting of two groups of carrier sheets is 0.25 times of the resistance of the metal carrier inner core consisting of one group of carrier sheets, the metal carrier inner core consisting of one group of carrier sheets is beneficial to high-voltage heating relative to the metal carrier inner core consisting of two groups of carrier sheets, and the metal carrier inner core consisting of two groups of carrier sheets is beneficial to low-voltage heating, wherein the metal carrier inner cores with the same specification are, the other limiting conditions are the same, the lengths of the used corrugated sheets 11 and the flat sheets 10 are the same, and the metal carrier inner cores formed by the three groups of carrier sheets and the three groups of carrier sheets are similar and are converted in the same way;
it should be noted that, the inner core of the metal carrier includes two groups of carrier sheets, and the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the two groups of carrier sheets are respectively connected to the two outer electrodes 3, so that the resistance and the heating efficiency are equivalent to a single group of winding structure, that is, the resistance of the metal carrier can be quickly adjusted according to actual requirements by different electrode connection modes, and the applicability of the metal carrier is increased.
< example 1>
Method for producing a metal carrier which can be used for electrical heating, said insulatorThe insulating layer is an aluminum nitride layer, and the specific method for coating the aluminum nitride layer comprises the following steps: placing the sheet body to be processed in a high-temperature vacuum furnace, controlling the temperature of the high-temperature vacuum furnace at 1100 ℃ and the vacuum degree at 3.2 x 10-4Pa, keeping for 5min, controlling the temperature of the high-temperature vacuum furnace to be reduced to 820 ℃, keeping for 120min, charging nitrogen until the pressure in the furnace is 0.3MPa, directly naturally reducing the temperature until the temperature of the high-temperature vacuum furnace is lower than 200 ℃, and discharging.
< example 2>
The method for manufacturing the metal carrier capable of being used for electric heating comprises the following steps of: placing the sheet body to be processed in a high-temperature vacuum furnace, controlling the temperature of the high-temperature vacuum furnace at 1250 ℃ and the vacuum degree at 9 x 10-2Pa, keeping for 5min, controlling the temperature of the high-temperature vacuum furnace to be reduced to 900 ℃, charging nitrogen until the pressure in the furnace is 0.05MPa, keeping for 180min, reducing the temperature of the high-temperature vacuum furnace to be lower than 400 ℃, and discharging.
< example 3>
The method for manufacturing the metal carrier capable of being used for electric heating comprises the following steps of: placing the sheet body to be processed in a high-temperature vacuum furnace, controlling the temperature of the high-temperature vacuum furnace at 1160 ℃ and the vacuum degree at 4 x 10-2Pa, keeping for 160min, controlling the temperature of the high-temperature vacuum furnace to be reduced to 1050 ℃, keeping for 10min, charging nitrogen until the pressure in the furnace is 0.05MPa, keeping for 180min, reducing the temperature of the high-temperature vacuum furnace to be lower than 600 ℃, and discharging.
< example 4>
The central electrode 2 is a hollow pipe body, a group of corrugated sheets 11 and flat sheets are used for winding to prepare a metal carrier inner core with the diameter of 70mm, and the metal carrier inner core is directly sleeved in the shell 4 after winding, wherein the shell 4 is cylindrical and is covered with an insulating layer, the diameter of the shell 4 is 72mm, the lengths of the shell 4, the central electrode 2 and the metal carrier inner core are both 60mm, the flat sheets 10 and the corrugated sheets 11 are formed by pressing iron chromium aluminum foil strips, the thickness of the iron chromium aluminum foil strips is 0.04mm, the corrugated sheets 11 and the flat sheets are both provided with insulating layers, the insulating layers are oxide layers prepared by utilizing a high-temperature oxidation process, the thickness of the insulating layers is 0.0025mm, the central electrode 2 is connected with a positive electrode, and the.
< example 5>
The central electrode 2 is a solid pipe body, a group of corrugated sheets 11 and flat sheets are used for winding to prepare a metal carrier inner core with the diameter of 70mm, and the metal carrier inner core is directly sleeved in the shell 4 after winding, wherein the shell 4 is cylindrical and is covered with an insulating layer, the diameter of the shell 4 is 72mm, the lengths of the shell 4, the central electrode 2 and the metal carrier inner core are both 60mm, the flat sheets 10 and the corrugated sheets 11 are formed by pressing iron chromium aluminum foil strips, the thickness of the iron chromium aluminum foil strips is 0.04mm, the corrugated sheets 11 and the flat sheets are both provided with insulating layers, the insulating layers are oxide layers prepared by utilizing a high-temperature oxidation process, the thickness of the insulating layers is 0.0031mm, the central electrode 2 is connected with a positive electrode, and the.
< example 6>
The central electrode 2 is a hollow pipe body, two groups of corrugated sheets 11 and flat sheets are used for winding to prepare a metal carrier inner core with the diameter of 70mm, and the metal carrier inner core is directly sleeved in the shell 4 after winding, wherein the shell 4 is cylindrical and is covered with an insulating layer, the diameter of the shell 4 is 72mm, the lengths of the shell 4, the central electrode 2 and the metal carrier inner core are both 60mm, the flat sheets 10 and the corrugated sheets 11 are formed by pressing iron chromium aluminum foil strips, the thickness of the iron chromium aluminum foil strips is 0.04mm, the corrugated sheets 11 and the flat sheets are both provided with insulating layers, the insulating layers are oxide layers prepared by utilizing a high-temperature oxidation process, the thickness of the insulating layers is 0.0023mm, the central electrode 2 is connected with a positive electrode, and the.
< example 7>
The central electrode 2 is a hollow pipe body, a group of corrugated sheets 11 and flat sheets are used for winding to prepare a metal carrier inner core with the diameter of 40mm, and the metal carrier inner core is directly sleeved in the shell 4 after winding, wherein the shell 4 is cylindrical and is covered with an insulating layer, the diameter of the shell 4 is 42mm, the lengths of the shell 4, the central electrode 2 and the metal carrier inner core are both 60mm, the flat sheets 10 and the corrugated sheets 11 are formed by pressing iron chromium aluminum foil strips, the thickness of the iron chromium aluminum foil strips is 0.04mm, the corrugated sheets 11 and the flat sheets are both provided with insulating layers, the insulating layers are oxide layers prepared by utilizing a high-temperature oxidation process, the thickness of the insulating layers is 0.0019mm, the central electrode 2 is connected with a positive electrode, and the.
< example 8>
The central electrode 2 is a hollow pipe body, two groups of corrugated sheets 11 and flat sheets are used for winding to prepare a metal carrier inner core with the diameter of 118mm, the metal carrier inner core is directly sleeved in the shell 4 after winding, wherein the shell 4 is cylindrical and is covered with an insulating layer, the diameter of the shell 4 is 120mm, the lengths of the shell 4, the central electrode 2 and the metal carrier inner core are both 60mm, the flat sheets 10 and the corrugated sheets 11 are formed by pressing iron chromium aluminum foil strips, the thickness of the iron chromium aluminum foil strips is 0.04mm, the corrugated sheets 11 and the flat sheets are both provided with insulating layers, the insulating layers are oxide layers prepared by utilizing a high-temperature oxidation process, the thickness of the insulating layers is 0.0036mm, the central electrode 2 is connected with a positive electrode, and the outer.
< example 9>
The central electrode 2 is a hollow pipe body, two groups of corrugated sheets 11 and flat sheets are used for winding to prepare a metal carrier inner core with the diameter of 118mm, the metal carrier inner core is directly sleeved in the shell 4 after winding, wherein the shell 4 is cylindrical and is covered with an insulating layer, the diameter of the shell 4 is 120mm, the lengths of the shell 4, the central electrode 2 and the metal carrier inner core are both 60mm, the flat sheets 10 and the corrugated sheets 11 are formed by pressing iron chromium aluminum foil strips, the thickness of the iron chromium aluminum foil strips is 0.04mm, the corrugated sheets 11 and the flat sheets are both provided with insulating layers, the insulating layers are oxide layers prepared by utilizing a high-temperature oxidation process, the thickness of the insulating layers is 0.0033mm, the central electrode 2 is connected with a positive electrode, and the outer.
< results detection experiment >
1. Preparing aluminum nitride layers on the surfaces of the flat sheet 10 and the corrugated sheet 11 by using the methods of examples 1 to 3 respectively, detecting the aluminum nitride layers, measuring the resistance values of the flat sheet 10 and the corrugated sheet 11 respectively after the detection, and measuring the resistance value of the inner core of the metal carrier by winding a group of carrier sheets, wherein the data shown in the table 1 can be obtained;
TABLE 1
The protrusions are observed by a microscope at 3000 times, and are formed on the surface of the aluminum nitride layer, tests show that the absolute value of the resistance difference between the resistance value of the metal carrier core formed after winding and the resistance value of the parallel connection of the flat sheet 10 and the corrugated sheet 11 before winding is less than 0.02 omega, and the absolute value shows that the protrusions are coated by the insulating layer within the error range of test calculation, so that a good insulating effect can be achieved.
2. Examples 4 to 9 were prepared three kinds of diameter carriers respectively, and different diameters were intended to be applied to different apparatuses, wherein the metal carrier having a diameter of housing 4 of 42mm was mainly used in a motorcycle, the metal carrier having a diameter of housing 4 of 72mm was mainly used in a cracker, and the metal carrier having a diameter of housing 4 of 120mm was mainly used in a gasoline car or a diesel car, and the electric heating performance of the metal carriers prepared by the methods of examples 4 to 9 were respectively examined, and the data specifically shown in table 2 were obtained:
TABLE 2
As can be seen from the table, the heating time in example 5 is longer than that in example 4, mainly because the center electrode 2 in example 4 is a hollow tube, the hollow tube has a smaller heat capacity than the solid tube; example 6 is significantly shorter in heating time than example 4, indicating that the two or more metal supports wound with the support sheet can be heated faster with lower voltage; example 7 compared to example 4, and example 6 compared to example 8, both had faster heating rates, which illustrates that the smaller the diameter, the same voltage heating, and the faster the metal support heating rate; example 9 is shorter in time than example 8, demonstrating that increasing the voltage is effective in increasing the metal support heating rate;
3. utilizing a metal carrier (a central electrode 2 is a hollow pipe body, two groups of corrugated sheets 11 and flat sheets are used for winding to prepare a metal carrier inner core with the diameter of 118mm, and the metal carrier inner core is directly sleeved in a shell 4 after winding, wherein the shell 4 is cylindrical and is covered with an insulating layer, the diameter of the shell 4 is 120mm, the lengths of the shell 4, the central electrode 2 and the metal carrier inner core are both 60mm, the flat sheets 10 and the corrugated sheets 11 are formed by pressing an iron-chromium-aluminum foil strip, the thickness of the iron-chromium-aluminum foil strip is 0.04mm, the corrugated sheets 11 and the flat sheets are both provided with insulating layers, the insulating layers are oxide layers prepared by utilizing a high-temperature oxidation process, the central electrode 2 is connected with a positive electrode, and an outer electrode 3 is connected with a metal carrier of a negative electrode for carrying out a tail gas treatment test, wherein the flat sheets 10 and the corrugated sheets 11 are coated with, the same 1.6L engine is used, a tail gas emission test is carried out on a bench test, 2 cycles are tested according to the standard, and the total time consumption is 390 seconds;
test 1, under the condition of not using electric heating, the emission of carbon monoxide is 89.15g, the total emission of hydrocarbon is 6.56g, and the emission of nitrogen oxide is 3.64g when the temperature of a catalyst is raised to 250 ℃ for 340 seconds from the start of an engine;
Test 3, using the above metallic carrier, heating voltage 24V, 60 seconds from engine start to catalyst temperature up to 250 degrees light-off temperature, carbon monoxide emissions 23.80g, total hydrocarbons emissions 1.67g, nitrogen oxides emissions 0.96g, about 73% lower than without the use of an electrically heated carrier.
Test 4, using the same specification metal carrier (but the metal carrier was changed from the original two-set carrier sheet winding to 3-set carrier sheet winding), the heating voltage was 24V, 29 seconds were spent from the engine start to the catalyst temperature up to 250 degrees light-off temperature, the carbon monoxide emission was 17.24g, the total hydrocarbon emission was 1.28g, and the nitrogen oxide emission was 0.72g, which was about 80.6% lower than that without the electric heating carrier.
While embodiments of the invention have been described above, it is not limited to the applications set forth in the description and the embodiments, which are fully applicable in various fields of endeavor to which the invention pertains, and further modifications may readily be made by those skilled in the art, it being understood that the invention is not limited to the details shown and described herein without departing from the general concept defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (4)
1. Metal support usable for electric heating, characterized in that it comprises:
the metal carrier inner core comprises at least one group of carrier sheets, each group of carrier sheets comprises a flat sheet and a corrugated sheet which can be electrically heated, the metal carrier inner core is formed by sequentially winding and fixing the flat sheet and the corrugated sheet in a mode of one flat sheet and one corrugated sheet, and an insulating layer is coated on the periphery of at least one of any adjacent flat sheet and any adjacent corrugated sheet;
the flat sheet and the corrugated sheet are both formed by pressing iron-chromium-aluminum foil strips, wherein the thicknesses of the flat sheet and the corrugated sheet are both 0.03-0.1 mm;
the insulating layer is an aluminum nitride layer, and the specific method for covering the aluminum nitride layer comprises the following steps: placing the sheet body to be processed in a high-temperature vacuum furnace, controlling the temperature of the high-temperature vacuum furnace at 1100--2-3.2*10-4Pa, keeping for 5-160min, controlling the temperature of the high-temperature vacuum furnace to be reduced to 820-1050 ℃, keeping for 0-120min, charging nitrogen until the pressure in the furnace is 0.05-0.3MPa, keeping for 0-180min, reducing the temperature and discharging;
further comprising: the flat sheet and one end of the corrugated sheet are both electrically communicated and fixedly arranged on the central electrode and are wound by taking the central electrode as an axis;
the number of the external electrodes is equal to the number of the carrier sheets, and the free ends of the flat sheets and the corrugated sheets of one group of carrier sheets are fixedly arranged on one external electrode and are electrically communicated with the external electrodes;
the central electrode is a hollow tube body;
further comprising: the metal carrier inner core is sleeved in the shell;
the housing includes:
the outer cylinder is a cylindrical cylinder with an internal thread at one end, a round platform-shaped horn mouth is coaxially communicated and fixedly arranged at the other end along the direction far away from the outer cylinder, and one end of the horn mouth far away from the outer cylinder is communicated with an air outlet of waste gas to be treated;
the inner cylinder is coaxially and fixedly sleeved in the outer cylinder so as to form a first channel for waste gas to circulate with the outer cylinder, one end of the inner cylinder, which is close to the bell mouth, is arranged in a sealing manner, a first baffle frame is circumferentially clamped at one end, which is close to the bell mouth, in the inner cylinder, a plurality of sliding grooves are circumferentially arranged at intervals in the inner cylinder, the plurality of sliding grooves are arranged along the length direction of the inner cylinder and are respectively positioned between the first baffle frame and one end, which is far away from the bell mouth, of the inner cylinder, four supporting seats are arranged in the inner cylinder along the length direction of the inner cylinder, and the four supporting seats are circumferentially arranged at equal intervals in;
the retractable cross barrel comprises a rectangular wrapping part, first cross strips fixedly arranged along one long edge of the wrapping part at intervals, and second cross strips fixedly arranged along the other long edge of the wrapping part at intervals, wherein the first cross strips and the second cross strips are uniformly distributed on the wrapping part one by one in an adjacent mode along the extension line of the width direction of the wrapping part, the first cross strips and the second cross strips are arranged in a crossed mode, first sliding blocks fixedly arranged at the end parts of a plurality of first cross strips penetrating through the second cross strips, second sliding blocks fixedly arranged at the end parts of a plurality of second cross strips penetrating through the first cross strips, a wound metal carrier inner core is arranged in the retractable cross barrel, the first sliding blocks and the second sliding blocks are pulled to tighten and fix the metal carrier inner core, the first sliding blocks and the second sliding blocks are arranged in corresponding sliding grooves, and the retractable cross barrel and the metal carrier inner core are coaxially sleeved in supporting spaces formed by four supporting seats of the inner barrel, one end of the contraction cross cylinder, which is close to the bell mouth, is abutted against the first baffle frame, and a second channel for the circulation of waste gas is formed between the contraction cross cylinder and the inner cylinder;
the connecting assembly comprises a cylindrical transition pipe, wherein one end of the cylindrical transition pipe is provided with an external thread matched with the internal thread of the outer barrel, the other end of the transition pipe is coaxially sleeved with an air outlet pipe, one end of the air outlet pipe, which is close to the external thread of the transition pipe, is provided with a second baffle frame, when the transition pipe is in sealing threaded connection with the outer barrel, the second baffle frame is abutted against the end part of the metal carrier inner core, and the other end of the air outlet pipe is positioned outside the transition pipe so as to discharge gas passing through the metal carrier inner core;
the ratio of the area of the longitudinal section of the inner core of the metal carrier, the area of the longitudinal section of the inner cylinder, the area of the longitudinal section of the outer cylinder and the area of the longitudinal section of the air outlet pipe is 1:2:3:1, and the inner cylinder and the shrinkage cross cylinder are made of heat insulation materials.
2. The metal carrier as claimed in claim 1, wherein at least one groove is formed on the side surface of the flat sheet and the side surface of the corrugated sheet at intervals along the width direction of the sheet, the groove is arranged along the length direction of the sheet, the inner core of the metal carrier is formed by winding the flat sheet and the corrugated sheet, and the grooves of the adjacent flat sheet and the corrugated sheet are buckled and fixed, wherein the longitudinal section of the groove is nearly trapezoidal or rectangular.
3. The metal carrier as claimed in claim 1, wherein the length of the outer shell is slightly greater than or equal to the length of the inner core of the metal carrier, and fixing frames are fixed at two ends of the outer shell to fix the inner core of the metal carrier.
4. The metal carrier usable with electric heating according to claim 1, wherein the flat sheet and the corrugated sheet are circumferentially coated with a catalyst.
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| CN111336507A (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2020-06-26 | 杭州醇电科技有限公司 | Low-temperature catalytic combustion method for methanol |
| CN111362392B (en) * | 2020-03-11 | 2023-03-21 | 松山湖材料实验室 | Process for continuously degrading industrial printing and dyeing wastewater, amorphous alloy filler and preparation method thereof |
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| CN1078196A (en) * | 1992-04-03 | 1993-11-10 | 埃米特放射技术股份有限公司 | Conical honeycomb body |
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