CN108649597B - Fault migration method and analysis method for influence of fault on HVDC commutation failure - Google Patents
Fault migration method and analysis method for influence of fault on HVDC commutation failure Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/36—Arrangements for transfer of electric power between ac networks via a high-tension dc link
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fault migration method and an analysis method for the influence of faults on HVDC commutation failure. The analysis method comprises the steps of carrying out Thevenin equivalence on an alternating current power grid to obtain a simplified high-voltage direct current power transmission system; establishing an electromagnetic transient simulation model according to the simplified high-voltage direct-current power transmission system; migrating the fault in the alternating current network to a simplified commutation bus of the high-voltage direct current transmission system by using a fault migration method; applying a migration fault on a converter bus of the simplified electromagnetic transient simulation model of the high-voltage direct-current transmission system; and performing electromagnetic transient simulation through the electromagnetic transient simulation model to obtain the influence of the fault on the commutation failure of the high-voltage direct-current power transmission system. The method and the device can improve the efficiency and the precision of analyzing the influence of a large number of different faults in the alternating current power grid on the HVDC commutation failure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power grids, in particular to a fault migration method and an analysis method for analyzing the influence of faults on HVDC commutation failure.
Background
In recent years, high-voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission systems have been widely used in power systems. In a high voltage direct current transmission system, electrical energy is derived from a point in a three phase alternating current network (the transmitting end network), converted to direct current at a converter station, and transmitted to a receiving point via an overhead line or cable; and the direct current is converted into alternating current at the converter station at the other side, and then enters a three-phase alternating current network (receiving-end power network) of a receiving party. Therefore, the converter station is key equipment of the HVDC, the dynamic response speed of the converter station is microsecond level, and the electromagnetic transient process of the converter station after being subjected to large disturbance can be accurately and detailedly simulated by an electromagnetic transient simulation technology, so that the influence of a fault on HVDC commutation failure is accurately analyzed. However, electromagnetic transient simulation techniques suffer from speed and scale limitations, making it difficult to simulate a full system. Even if the parallel processing technology is adopted, when the simulation scale becomes large, the electromagnetic transient simulation of the whole system is easily affected by factors such as communication, data exchange and model algorithm during the parallel processing, and the numerical value is unstable.
The current methods for analyzing the influence of the fault on the HVDC commutation failure comprise a power system dynamic equivalence method. And electromechanical-electromagnetic hybrid transient simulation methods. The dynamic equivalence method of the power system is characterized in that a detailed electromagnetic transient simulation model of HVDC is reserved, an alternating current system is simplified by using a dynamic equivalence technology, then an electromagnetic transient simulation model of the simplified alternating current-direct current hybrid power system is built, and the influence of faults on HVDC commutation failure is analyzed by using the electromagnetic transient simulation technology. The dynamic equivalence method of the power system only can consider the influence of faults at a plurality of specific positions in an alternating current power grid on HVDC commutation failure, has limited processing capacity and has an error which is difficult to avoid. The electromechanical-electromagnetic hybrid transient simulation method is characterized in that direct current and parts closely related to the direct current are simulated by an electromagnetic transient method, the rest parts are simulated by the electromechanical transient method, and the two simulation modes exchange calculation results through an interface at a proper moment. When an electromechanical-electromagnetic hybrid transient simulation method is used for analyzing the influence of a fault on commutation failure, an electromechanical-electromagnetic transient hybrid simulation model of a large-scale alternating current-direct current power grid needs to be built, so that the calculation cost is high, and the calculation efficiency is low; the electromechanical-electromagnetic hybrid transient simulation method has the defect of accuracy, namely (i) the calculation of the electromechanical side only covers the fundamental component, and the influence of the rapidly changed non-periodic and harmonic components caused by disturbance on the electromagnetic side cannot be drawn. Although some scholars propose a frequency dependent equivalent (FDNE) method of the electromechanical side, which can improve the simulation accuracy. However, the FDNE method requires passivity check in addition to the fitting calculation of parameters, which greatly increases the workload and reduces the efficiency of hybrid simulation. (ii) At present, non-fundamental wave components on the electromagnetic side are filtered out as irrelevant quantity, which further reduces the precision of hybrid simulation. (iii) The selection of the position of the interface between the electromechanical simulation and the electromagnetic simulation, the interaction time sequence and the like all influence the precision of the hybrid simulation.
In summary, in the prior art, the analysis methods for the influence of the fault on the HVDC commutation failure all have the problems of low efficiency and poor accuracy, and a person skilled in the art needs to improve the analysis methods for the influence of the fault on the HVDC commutation failure to improve the efficiency and the accuracy.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a fault migration method and a method for analyzing the influence of faults on HVDC commutation failure by using the fault migration method, so as to improve the efficiency and the precision of analyzing the influence of a large number of different faults in an alternating current power grid on the HVDC commutation failure.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a fault migration method, which includes migrating a fault in an ac power grid to a converter bus of a high-voltage dc power transmission system by determining a ground reactance value of the fault after migration.
Optionally, the migrating the fault in the ac power grid to a converter bus of the high-voltage dc transmission system in a manner of determining a ground reactance value of the fault after migration specifically includes:
calculating a first voltage effective value of each return direct current commutation voltage after a fault f occurs in an alternating current receiving end power grid fed in by m loops of high-voltage direct current transmission lines by using a fault analysis method
Wherein h iskThe node number of the commutation bus of the kth high voltage dc transmission system, k is 1,2, …, m,commutation bus h after fault f occurskVoltage of (d);
determining that the fault f transferred to a converter bus of the high-voltage direct-current transmission system is a transfer fault h; the migration fault h is m faults, namely m faults simultaneously and respectively occur on a conversion bus of each high-voltage direct-current transmission system; the fault occurrence positions of the m faults are determined as converter buses of each high-voltage direct-current transmission system, the fault types of the m faults are determined as the fault types of the faults f, the fault occurrence time of the m faults is determined as the fault occurrence time of the faults f, the fault duration time of the m faults is determined as the fault duration time of the faults f, and the grounding reactance values of the m faults are determined through the following steps;
determining a second voltage effective value of each return direct current commutation voltage after the migration fault h occurs Indicating the current conversion bus h after the occurrence of the migration fault hkVoltage of (d); and the second voltage effective value is equal to the first voltage effective value;
determining a relational expression between the second voltage effective value and the grounding reactance value of the migration fault h by using a fault analysis method
Wherein f isk(Xh,f) Representing the effective value of the second voltage
With respect to the value of the ground reactance Xh,fA function of (a);
calculating the grounding reactance value X of the migration fault h according to the relation between the second voltage effective value and the equivalent grounding reactance value and the first voltage effective valueh,f；
According to the grounding reactance value Xh,fAnd transferring the fault f to a commutation bus of the high-voltage direct-current transmission system.
Optionally, the fault analysis method includes:
determining a positive sequence equivalent network, a negative sequence equivalent network and a zero sequence equivalent network of the alternating current power grid;
equating the pre-fault alternating current power grid to a fault port determined according to the fault type;
determining an admittance matrix of a fault circuit in the AC power grid after the fault according to the fault type;
connecting the equivalent circuit of the fault circuit and the equivalent circuit of the alternating current power grid at the fault port, and solving each sequence component of the fault current at the fault port;
and calculating the effective voltage values of other nodes in the high-voltage direct-current transmission system after the faults by using the sequence components of the fault current at the fault port and the positive, negative and zero sequence equivalent networks of the alternating-current power grid.
Optionally, equating the pre-fault alternating-current power grid to a fault port determined according to the fault type specifically includes;
and carrying out Thevenin equivalence on the alternating current power grid before the fault to obtain a circuit after the alternating current power grid is equivalent.
Optionally, the ac power grid includes an ac transmitting end power grid and an ac receiving end power grid.
The invention also provides an analysis method for the influence of the fault on the commutation failure of the high-voltage direct-current power transmission system, wherein the analysis method is used for analyzing by using the fault migration method, and the analysis method comprises the following steps:
carrying out Thevenin equivalence on an alternating current power grid to obtain a simplified high-voltage direct current transmission system;
establishing an electromagnetic transient simulation model according to the simplified high-voltage direct-current power transmission system;
calculating the grounding reactance value of the fault after the fault in the alternating current network is transferred to the simplified converter bus of the high-voltage direct-current transmission system by using the fault transfer method;
applying a migration fault determined according to the grounding reactance value on a current conversion bus of the high-voltage direct-current transmission system in the electromagnetic transient simulation model;
and performing electromagnetic transient simulation through the electromagnetic transient simulation model to obtain the influence of the fault on the commutation failure of the high-voltage direct-current power transmission system.
Optionally, before the high-voltage direct-current power transmission system after the alternating-current power grid is simplified by thevenin equivalence, the method further includes:
calculating the short circuit ratio of a receiving-end power grid in the alternating current power grid;
judging whether the short circuit ratio is greater than or equal to 4;
and when the short circuit ratio is greater than or equal to 4, executing the step of wearing Vietnam equivalent on the high-voltage direct-current power transmission system to obtain a simplified high-voltage direct-current power transmission system.
According to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses the following technical effects: according to the analysis method for the influence of the fault on the commutation failure of the high-voltage direct-current power transmission system, the simplified high-voltage direct-current power transmission system is obtained by solving the Thevenin equivalent circuit of the alternating-current power grid, and the fault in the alternating-current power grid is transferred to the commutation bus, so that the calculation cost can be reduced, the calculation efficiency is improved, the influence of any fault in the alternating-current power grid on the HVDC commutation failure can be efficiently analyzed, and the analysis method is particularly suitable for analyzing the influence of a large number of fault samples on the HVDC commutation failure. In addition, compared with the full electromagnetic transient simulation result, the method disclosed by the invention has higher precision in the aspect of analyzing commutation failure.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a failover method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for analyzing an influence of a fault on a commutation failure of a high-voltage direct-current power transmission system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide a fault migration method and a method for analyzing the influence of faults on HVDC commutation failure by using the fault migration method, so as to improve the efficiency and the precision of analyzing the influence of a large number of different faults in an alternating current power grid on the HVDC commutation failure.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
The invention provides a fault migration method which comprises the step of migrating a fault in an alternating current power grid to a conversion bus of a high-voltage direct current transmission system in a mode of determining a grounding reactance value of the fault after migration.
As shown in fig. 1, migrating a fault in an ac power grid to a converter bus of a hvdc transmission system by determining a ground reactance value of the fault after migration, specifically including:
step 101: calculating a first voltage effective value of each return direct current commutation voltage after a fault f occurs in an alternating current receiving end power grid fed in by m loops of high-voltage direct current transmission lines by using a fault analysis method
Wherein, the node number of the commutation bus of the kth high-voltage direct-current transmission system is shown, k is 1,2, …, m,
commutation bus h after fault f occurskVoltage of (c) is expressed byA virtual value;
in particular, in a single-feed system, m is 1, and the effective value of the dc commutation voltage after the fault f occurs is 1
h1And numbering the nodes of the direct current conversion bus.
Step 102: determining that the fault f in the alternating current power grid transferred to the converter bus of the high-voltage direct current transmission system is a transfer fault h, wherein the fault h is a grounding reactance value X simultaneously generated on each return direct current converter bush,fM faults, namely m faults respectively occur on the converter buses of the high-voltage direct-current transmission systems at the same time; the method comprises the steps that the fault occurrence positions of m faults are determined as converter buses of each high-voltage direct-current transmission system, the fault types of the m faults are determined as the fault types of the faults f, the fault occurrence time of the m faults is determined as the fault occurrence time of the faults f, the fault duration time of the m faults is determined as the fault duration time of the faults f, and the grounding reactance values of the m faults are determined through the following steps.
Step 103: determining a second voltage effective value of each return direct current commutation voltage after the migration fault h occurs
Step 104: determining a relation between the second voltage effective value and the grounding reactance value of the migration fault h by using a fault analysis method:
wherein f isk(Xh,f) Representing the effective value of the second voltage
With respect to the value of the ground reactance Xh,fAs a function of (c).
In particular, in a single-feed system, m is 1, and the equivalent fault of the fault f is that the value of the earth reactance occurring on the commutation bus is Xh,fSingle failure of (2).
Step 105: calculating the grounding reactance value X of the migration fault h according to the relation between the second voltage effective value and the equivalent grounding reactance value and the first voltage effective valueh,f。
Effective value of DC commutation voltage after occurrence of migration fault h of fault f
The formula (5) should be satisfied.
Available formula (7) from formulas (3) to (6)
After the system operation mode and the fault f are determined,
is determined. The expression (7) is m equations for m variables, and X can be obtained by solving the expression (7)h,fThe solution of (1).
In particular, in a single feed system, where m is 1, X can be obtained by combining equation (5) and equation (6)h,fThe solution of (1).
Step 106: according to the grounding reactance value Xh,fAnd transferring the fault f to a commutation bus of the high-voltage direct-current transmission system.
The principle followed by the fault migration method in the embodiment is that the effective value of the converter bus voltage of the new steady-state balance point reached after the fault (the fault is not cleared) occurs in the alternating current receiving end power grid is equal to the effective value of the converter bus voltage of the new steady-state balance point reached after the migration fault (the fault is not cleared) occurs in the simplified system after thevenin equivalence is performed on the alternating current power grid.
In the actual calculation process, the fault analysis method described in the above step 101 and step 104 includes:
determining a positive sequence equivalent network, a negative sequence equivalent network and a zero sequence equivalent network of the alternating current power grid;
equating the pre-fault alternating current power grid to a fault port determined according to the fault type; specifically, thevenin equivalence or norton equivalence can be performed on the ac power grid before the fault to obtain an equivalent circuit of the ac power grid;
determining an admittance matrix of a fault circuit in the AC power grid after the fault according to the fault type;
connecting the equivalent circuit of the fault circuit and the equivalent circuit of the alternating current power grid at the fault port, and solving each sequence component of the fault current at the fault port;
and calculating the effective voltage values of other nodes in the high-voltage direct-current transmission system after the faults by using the sequence components of the fault current at the fault port and the positive, negative and zero sequence equivalent networks of the alternating-current power grid.
It should be noted that the ac power grid includes an ac transmitting end power grid and an ac receiving end power grid, and in this embodiment, a fault of the ac receiving end power grid is migrated to a commutation bus of the high-voltage dc transmission system.
The invention also provides an analysis method for the influence of the fault on the commutation failure of the high-voltage direct-current power transmission system, wherein the analysis method is used for analyzing by using the fault migration method, and the analysis method comprises the following steps:
step 201: and carrying out Thevenin equivalence on the alternating current power grid to obtain a simplified high-voltage direct current transmission system.
Step 202: and establishing an electromagnetic transient simulation model according to the simplified high-voltage direct-current power transmission system.
Step 203: and calculating the grounding reactance value of the fault after the fault in the alternating current power grid is transferred to the simplified converter bus of the high-voltage direct current transmission system by using the fault transfer method.
Step 204: applying a migration fault determined according to the grounding reactance value on a current conversion bus of the high-voltage direct-current transmission system in the electromagnetic transient simulation model; the parameters of the occurrence position, the fault type, the fault occurrence time, the fault duration and the like of the migration fault are the same as those of the fault before the migration.
Step 205: and performing electromagnetic transient simulation through the electromagnetic transient simulation model to obtain the influence of the fault on the commutation failure of the high-voltage direct-current power transmission system.
Because the influence of the fault h in the simplified high-voltage direct-current transmission system on the commutation failure is similar to the influence of the fault f in the simplified high-voltage direct-current transmission system on the commutation failure, the influence of any fault in the alternating-current receiving end system on the HVDC can be efficiently, simply and conveniently analyzed by the fault transfer method.
In order to improve the accuracy of analyzing the influence of the fault on the commutation failure of the high-voltage direct-current transmission system, before the high-voltage direct-current transmission system after the alternating-current power grid is simplified by thevenin equivalence, the method further comprises the following steps:
calculating the short circuit ratio of a receiving-end power grid in the alternating current power grid;
judging whether the short circuit ratio is greater than or equal to 4;
and when the short circuit ratio is greater than or equal to 4, executing the step of wearing Vietnam equivalent on the high-voltage direct-current power transmission system to obtain a simplified high-voltage direct-current power transmission system.
Because a large amount of harmonic waves can be generated in the transient process, the harmonic distribution and the harmonic attenuation conditions of the system before and after thevenin equivalence are different. Therefore, although the effective values of the converter bus voltages of the post-fault steady-state balance points of the systems before and after thevenin equivalence are the same, in the post-fault transient process, the impedance characteristics of the alternating current networks expressed by the systems before and after thevenin equivalence are different, and the accuracy of the fault migration method is affected. Especially when the system Short Circuit Ratio (SCR) is small, the equivalent impedance value of the corresponding alternating current system is large, the influence of the change of the equivalent impedance value of the alternating current system on the voltage of the commutation bus in the transient process is obvious, and the influence of Thevenin equivalent value on the accuracy is large. Therefore, when the short-circuit ratio is greater than or equal to 4, the influence of the alternating current system fault on the commutation failure is analyzed by using the fault migration method, and the precision is high.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. For the system disclosed by the embodiment, the description is relatively simple because the system corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein using specific examples, which are provided only to help understand the method and the core concept of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A fault migration method is characterized by comprising the step of migrating a fault in an alternating current power grid to a conversion bus of a high-voltage direct current power transmission system in a mode of determining a grounding reactance value of the fault after migration.
2. The fault migration method according to claim 1, wherein the migrating the fault in the ac power grid to a converter bus of the hvdc transmission system by determining a ground reactance value of the fault after migration specifically comprises:
calculating a first voltage effective value of each return direct current commutation voltage after a fault f occurs in an alternating current receiving end power grid fed in by m loops of high-voltage direct current transmission lines by using a fault analysis method
Wherein h iskThe node number of the commutation bus of the kth high voltage dc transmission system, k is 1,2, …, m,
commutation bus h after fault f occurskVoltage of (d);
determining that the fault f transferred to a converter bus of the high-voltage direct-current transmission system is a transfer fault h; the migration faults h are m faults, namely m faults simultaneously and respectively occur on the converter buses of the high-voltage direct-current transmission systems; the fault occurrence positions of the m faults are determined as converter buses of each high-voltage direct-current transmission system, the fault types of the m faults are determined as the fault types of the faults f, the fault occurrence time of the m faults is determined as the fault occurrence time of the faults f, the fault duration time of the m faults is determined as the fault duration time of the faults f, and the grounding reactance values of the m faults are determined through the following steps;
determining a second voltage effective value of each return direct current commutation voltage after the migration fault h occurs
The voltage of the commutation bus hk after the migration fault h occurs is shown; and the second voltage effective value is equal to the first voltage effective value;
determining a relational expression between the second voltage effective value and the grounding reactance value of the migration fault h by using a fault analysis method
Wherein f isk(Xh,f) Representing the effective value of the second voltage
With respect to the value of the ground reactance Xh,fA function of (a);
according to the effective value of the second voltage
And a ground reactance value Xh,fIs a relational expression fk(Xh,f) And calculating the grounding reactance value X of the migration fault h according to the first effective voltage valueh,f；
According to the grounding reactance value Xh,fAnd transferring the fault f to a commutation bus of the high-voltage direct-current transmission system.
3. The fault migration method according to claim 2, wherein the fault analysis method comprises:
determining a positive sequence equivalent network, a negative sequence equivalent network and a zero sequence equivalent network of the alternating current power grid;
equating the pre-fault alternating current power grid to a fault port determined according to the fault type;
determining an admittance matrix of a fault circuit in the AC power grid after the fault according to the fault type;
connecting the equivalent circuit of the fault circuit and the equivalent circuit of the alternating current power grid at the fault port, and solving each sequence component of the fault current at the fault port;
and calculating the effective voltage values of other nodes in the high-voltage direct-current transmission system after the faults by using the sequence components of the fault current at the fault port and the positive, negative and zero sequence equivalent networks of the alternating-current power grid.
4. The fault migration method according to claim 3, wherein the equating of the pre-fault ac power grid to the fault port determined according to the fault type specifically comprises;
and carrying out Thevenin equivalence on the alternating current power grid before the fault to obtain a circuit after the alternating current power grid is equivalent.
5. The fault migration method according to any one of claim 1, wherein the ac power grid includes an ac transmitting side power grid and an ac receiving side power grid.
6. A method for analyzing the effect of a fault on commutation failure of a hvdc transmission system, said method being characterized by the use of a fault migration method according to any of claims 1-5, said method comprising:
carrying out Thevenin equivalence on an alternating current power grid to obtain a simplified high-voltage direct current transmission system;
establishing an electromagnetic transient simulation model according to the simplified high-voltage direct-current power transmission system;
calculating a ground reactance value of a fault after the fault in the alternating current network is migrated to a converter bus of the simplified high voltage direct current transmission system by using the fault migration method according to any one of claims 1 to 5;
applying a migration fault determined according to the grounding reactance value on a current conversion bus of the high-voltage direct-current transmission system in the electromagnetic transient simulation model;
and performing electromagnetic transient simulation through the electromagnetic transient simulation model to obtain the influence of the fault on the commutation failure of the high-voltage direct-current power transmission system.
7. The fault migration method according to claim 6, wherein before the subjecting the AC grid to Thevenin equivalence to obtain the simplified HVDC system, further comprises:
calculating the short circuit ratio of a receiving-end power grid in the alternating current power grid;
judging whether the short circuit ratio is greater than or equal to 4;
and when the short circuit ratio is greater than or equal to 4, executing the step of wearing Vietnam equivalent on the high-voltage direct-current power transmission system to obtain a simplified high-voltage direct-current power transmission system.
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| CN111983377A (en) * | 2020-07-14 | 2020-11-24 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Fault judgment method and device for high-voltage direct-current transmission line |
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| CN102820673B (en) * | 2012-08-10 | 2014-10-08 | 沈阳工业大学 | Multiterminal flexible direct current power transmission system included power grid operation control system and method |
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| CN103812129B (en) * | 2014-01-16 | 2016-01-20 | 东北电力大学 | A kind of determination methods of Multi-infeed HVDC transmission system commutation failure |
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| CN108649597A (en) | 2018-10-12 |
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