CN108649417A - Optical fiber laser amplification system and dynamic amplitude and spectrum modulation method thereof - Google Patents
Optical fiber laser amplification system and dynamic amplitude and spectrum modulation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
- H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
- H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
- H01S3/06754—Fibre amplifiers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/005—Optical devices external to the laser cavity, specially adapted for lasers, e.g. for homogenisation of the beam or for manipulating laser pulses, e.g. pulse shaping
- H01S3/0057—Temporal shaping, e.g. pulse compression, frequency chirping
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Abstract
An optical fiber laser amplification system and a dynamic amplitude and spectrum modulation method thereof relate to the field of optical fiber lasers. The invention comprises the following steps: the pulse shaper is used for controlling the pulse width of the laser pump; the laser pumping generates pumping light, the pumping light is emitted into the stretcher, the stretcher stretches the pumping light to generate laser pulses with stretching pulse width, the laser pulses are projected into the pulse shaper, the pulse shaper reshapes the laser pulses through dynamic amplitude and spectrum modulation, the laser pulses are projected into the amplifier, the reshaped laser pulses are subjected to power amplification through the amplifier, and the laser pulses are projected into the compressor to compress the pulse width of the laser to output the laser with original pulse width. The invention can generate different dispersion levels by controlling the controllable amplitude through randomly modulating the spectrum shape and the phase by the acousto-optic dispersion shaper. Pulse widening is realized through the stretcher, laser power amplification is realized through the amplifier, and a high-quality, compact and reliable optical fiber laser system is realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fiber laser technology fields, and in particular to a kind of optical-fiber laser amplification system and its dynamic amplitude
And spectral modulation method.
Background technology
Although current fiber laser technology obtains in terms of realizing the ever-increasing compact laser of output power
Major progress, but using common means still suffer from technical limitation and difficulty.Specifically, in optical-fiber laser system
The increase that chirped pulse amplification technique realizes power may be used in system.For short pulse high power laser light amplifier, three rank colors
The autgmentability for limiting laser is dissipated, the development of chirped pulse amplification technique is limited.Traditional solid state laser utilizes grating
Lens combination and compressor reducer carry out pulse stretching and compression, do not solve these limitations.Ideally, swash in such solid
In light device, all dispersions sequence can be compensated for, but the dispersion of material can distort and destroy this ideal situation.
But in solid state laser, the dispersion of material is not a serious problem, because the dispersion of material is typically considered not
Important.It is saturating instead of grating due to attempting to use up fine stretcher in fiber laser system however, for fiber laser system
Microscope group is closed to significantly improve the reliability of system, that situation is just different.However, when third-order dispersion is limited using compressor reducer
Chirp ability is gone, has positive third-order dispersion this combination compressor reducer.Compressor is due to not only tensible optical fiber, but also can realize two
Rank dispersion.It is more difficult less than the high energy fiber laser system of 200fs that this third-order dispersion problem to develop a kind of pulsewidth.
In fact, for the higher laser system of energy, the technical difficulty bigger of third-order dispersion is handled.High-power laser system needs
Higher draw ratio, so as to cause higher third-order dispersion is generated.Therefore, for high power laser system, pulse is pressed again
It is just more difficult to be reduced to original pulsewidth, this difficulty commonly known as compression sex chromosome mosaicism.
Therefore, in the design and manufacture of optical fiber laser, it is still desirable to which a kind of new, improved structure and side are provided
Method can compensate dispersion using the advantage of dynamic amplitude and spectral modulation and form laser pulse, be asked with solving above-mentioned technology
Topic.
Invention content
In order to solve the above technical problems, a kind of optical-fiber laser amplification system of present invention offer and its dynamic amplitude and spectrum tune
Method processed.
The present invention is that technical scheme applied to solve the technical problem is as follows：
A kind of optical-fiber laser amplification system of the present invention, including：Laser pump (ing), stretcher, pulse shaper, amplifier and
Compressor reducer；
The laser pump (ing) generates pump light, and pump light injects stretcher, and stretcher, which to pump light stretch, generates tool
Have the laser pulse for stretching pulse width, laser pulse projects in pulse shaper, pulse shaper by dynamic amplitude and
Spectral modulation carrys out refigure laser pulse, then projects it onto in amplifier, by amplifier to swashing after refigure
Light pulse carries out power amplification, then projects it onto and compresses the pulsewidth of laser in compressor reducer to export swashing with original pulsewidth
Light；
Or；The laser pump (ing) generates pump light, and pump light injects stretcher, and stretcher carries out stretching production to pump light
It is raw that there is the laser pulse for stretching pulse width, laser pulse to project in amplifier, laser pulse is carried out by amplifier
Then power amplification projects it onto in pulse shaper, pulse shaper is moulded again by dynamic amplitude and spectral modulation
Laser pulse is made, then projects it onto and compresses the pulsewidth of laser in compressor reducer to export the laser with original pulsewidth.
Further, the laser pump (ing) uses optical fiber mode locking oscillator, and the stretcher uses fiber stretcher, described
Amplifier uses casacade multi-amplifier chain.
Further, the pulse shaper uses acousto-optic dispersive reshaper, can arbitrarily adjust the shape and phase of spectrum
Position, is controlled with controllable amplitude, different dispersion grades is generated, including generate a Negative third order, for compensating by laser pulse
Stretch the positive third-order dispersion generated with power amplification process.
Further, the acousto-optic dispersive reshaper using active controllable dispersion element or uses active programmable color
Dissipate element.
Further, the acousto-optic dispersive reshaper using tellurium dioxide crystal, gallium phosphide, indium phosphide, lithium niobate or melts
Fused silica.
A kind of dynamic amplitude and spectral modulation method of optical-fiber laser amplification system, include the following steps：
Step 1: structure optical-fiber laser amplification system；
Step 2: laser pump (ing) generates pump light, pump light injects stretcher, and stretcher stretches pump light, produces
It is raw that there is the laser pulse for stretching pulse width, laser pulse to project in acousto-optic dispersive reshaper；
Step 3: acousto-optic dispersive reshaper by dynamic amplitude and spectral modulation come refigure laser pulse, in acousto-optic
Modulation factor S (ω) is added in dispersion reshaper working range, by modulation factor S (ω) and directly from acousto-optic dispersive reshaper
The input spectrum of acquisition is multiplied to obtain output spectrum, so that acousto-optic dispersive reshaper can arbitrarily adjust spectral shape and phase,
Realize spectral modulation；Shown in the formula such as formula (1) of modulation factor S (ω)：
S (ω)=A (ω) eiφ(ω) (1)
In above formula, A (ω) is the amplitude sequence of spectrum, and φ (ω) is phase function, and i ' is phase function coefficient, and ω is real
When phase value, Δ ω be phase difference, Δ ω1For target phase difference, ω0For initial phase, ω1For target phase value, h is amplitude
Coefficient, a1For single order phase coefficient, a2For second order phase coefficient, a3For three rank phase coefficients, a4For quadravalence phase coefficient；
Step 4: acousto-optic dispersive reshaper by dynamic amplitude and spectral modulation come refigure laser pulse, then will
It is projected in amplifier, is carried out power amplification to the laser pulse after refigure by amplifier, is then projected it onto
The pulsewidth of laser is compressed in compressor reducer to export the laser with original pulsewidth.
Further, in step 3, the spectral modulation that is defined by formula (1), formula (2) and formula (3) provides two kinds of filtering
Feature：First, spectral amplitudes are controlled by the convolution for the super-Gaussian envelope being superimposed by Gauss hole, is die-offed with specific frequency generation
Sharp formula pulse strength of falling decline, for correcting the gain blockage effect in high-gain amplifier, pass through and change pulse strength spectrum
So that pulse strength is minimum at maximum gain point；Secondly, phase controlling to 4 ranks indicates that acousto-optic dispersive reshaper can generate
Arbitrary second order, three ranks and fourth-order dispersion.
Further, in step 3, the acousto-optic dispersive reshaper is based on collinear acoustooptic interaction, and sound wave passes through by facing
When RF signal excitation energy converter emit in acousto-optic birefringent material；Sound wave is with along the speed of acousto-optic birefringent material Z axis
Degree is propagated, therefore the time shape by generating optical diffraction light pulse spatially reproduction radio frequency signal；
In acousto-optic dispersive reshaper, sound wave is moved with optical diffraction light pulse, and the principle followed is as follows：In phase
In the case of matching, fast optical pattern and low speed optical pattern can be by acousto-optic interactions to efficient coupling, if only
It locally appears in acoustic grating, then can be only diffracted at the Z of position there are one optical frequency there are one spatial frequency；Optical diffraction
Light pulse is initially at the quick mode of acousto-optic birefringent material；Since it is that a kind of short pulse incidence with wide bandwidth is sharp
Light, certain distance of advancing before the spatial frequency that each optical frequency component encounters phase matched in acoustic grating；In this position
It sets, portions incident laser is diffracted with slow speed mode；The pulse that acousto-optic dispersive reshaper is left with slow speed mode will be by each
All optical frequency components of position diffraction form；Since the speed of two kinds of optical modes is different, each optical frequency will be seen
To different time delays, which constitutes group velocity dispersion, and the derivative of group velocity dispersion is commonly known as third rank color
Dissipate, i.e. third-order dispersion, therefore, third-order dispersion can control by adjusting the time correlation frequency of sound wave, similarly, can create and
Fourth-order dispersion and other high-order dispersions are changed, the amplitude of optical diffraction light pulse is controlled by adjusting intensity of acoustic wave.
Further, in step 4, the compressor reducer realizes that pulse width is compressed using time method is quickly reprogramed,
Quickly the time is reprogramed to be calculated using simulated annealing；To the acousto-optic dispersive reshaper of phase-only modulation, utilize
The flow that simulated annealing solves best frequency domain phase function Φ (λ) is as follows：
Discrete frequency domain phase function Φ (λ) indicates that program starts setting up cycle-index N=with sequence Φ after sampling
1000, the ordinal number i=0 of cycle, the ordinal number j=0 of cycle, evaluation function C (0)=∞, initial phase sequence Φ0For shaping pulse
Preceding phase sequence Φin, if transform limit pulse, then inceptive impulse phase sequence Φ0For fixed constant, it is set as zero, every time
The random phase knots modification δ Φ generated when cycle are indicated with formula (4)：
δ Φ=α (1-i/N) r (4)
In formula, i is the ordinal number of cycle, and N is cycle-index, and r is the random phasic serial signal in [- pi/2, pi/2] range, and α is
Adjustable constant parameter, it is convergent that the appropriate size for adjusting constant parameter α and cycle-index N can change simulated annealing
Speed；
Judge whether cycle-index N reaches number i.e. 1000 time of setting requirements, when cycle-index N reaches 1000 times,
Discrete frequency domain phase function Φ (λ) i.e. sequence Φ after sampling are made to be equal to the phase sequence Φ before shaping pulsein, and by Φ=
ΦinIt is applied to acousto-optic dispersive reshaper；
When cycle-index N is not up to 1000 times, cycle ordinal number adds 1, then formula (4) is utilized to calculate random phase knots modification
δΦ。
Further, in step 4, Utilization assessment function judges shaping pulse standard, and shaped pulse is closer to target arteries and veins
Punching, with regard to smaller, the root mean square of evaluation function result pulse and target pulse sample sequence difference indicates evaluation function value；
Random phase knots modification δ Φ are added in current phase sequence Φ and obtain temporal phase sequence Φtemp, by interim phase
Bit sequence ΦtempBe combined into complex spectrum with the amplitude sequence A (ω) of spectrum and make inverse fourier transform, obtain shaping afterpulse when
Domain waveform Di(k), then with target pulse waveform Dtar(k) compare, Calculation Estimation function C (i), by evaluation function C (i) come
Determine whether this modification is received, and the evaluation function C (i) recycled every time can equally be expressed as result pulse and target pulse
Sample sequence difference root mean square：
In formula, C (i) is evaluation function, and i is the ordinal number of cycle, Di(k) it is the time domain waveform of shaping afterpulse, Dtar(k)
For target pulse waveform, M is sampling number, and k is independent variable, and C (j) is the evaluation function of non-shaping, and j is the ordinal number of cycle；
Judge the relationship between C (i) and C (j)：If C (i) ＞ C (j), make discrete frequency domain phase function Φ after sampling
(λ) i.e. sequence Φ is equal to temporal phase sequence Φtemp, j=i, continuation recycle next time；If C (i)<C (j) is then directly carried out down
One cycle.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
The optical-fiber laser amplification system of the present invention, mainly by laser pump (ing), stretcher, pulse shaper, amplifier, compression
Device forms, simple in structure, compact, reliable, can realize the optical-fiber laser output of high quality.
The dynamic amplitude and spectral modulation method of the optical-fiber laser amplification system of the present invention, including by by pulse shaper
In acousto-optic dispersive reshaper be embodied as dispersive component and generate the process of big Negative third order.Acousto-optic dispersive reshaper is used for
Arbitrary flexible modulated spectrum shape and phase generate different dispersion grades with controllable amplitude control, including one big negative
Third-order dispersion stretches the positive third-order dispersion generated with amplification process for compensated pulse.Acousto-optic dispersive as dispersion element is whole
Shape device can be considered the controllable dispersion component of an active, to generate adjustable dispersion values, neatly to compensate amplifier chain
The arbitrary order dispersion including nonlinear phase shift of middle generation.Acousto-optic dispersive reshaper as dispersion element can be actively
Programmable dispersion element, measures in response to output laser amplitude and pulse shape, adjustable dispersion is interactively generated, so as to flexible
Any rank dispersion generated in ground compensation amplifier chain, including nonlinear phase shift, to realize the shortest pulse duration.
During spectral modulation, pulse broadening is realized by stretcher, laser power amplification is realized by amplifier,
So that high quality, compact, reliable fiber ring laser system are achieved.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of structure composition schematic diagram of the optical-fiber laser amplification system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is another structure composition schematic diagram of the optical-fiber laser amplification system of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the pulse shape schematic diagram of acousto-optic dispersive reshaper modulation spectrum.
Fig. 4 is the principle schematic of acousto-optic dispersive reshaper.
Fig. 5 is the flow chart of simulated annealing.
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of fiber optic bundle coda optical dispersion reshaper.
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of second acousto-optic dispersive reshaper, can help to realize the shorter pulse duration.
Specific implementation mode
Below in conjunction with attached drawing, invention is further described in detail.
The present invention devises a kind of optical-fiber laser amplification system and its dynamic amplitude and spectral modulation method, more specifically
It says, the present invention relates to one kind realizing color in chirped pulse amplification fiber laser device system by dynamic amplitude and spectral modulation
Dissipate the design of compensation.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, optical-fiber laser amplification system of the invention includes mainly laser pump (ing), stretcher, pulse
Reshaper, amplifier, compressor reducer.As shown in Figure 1, laser pump (ing) generates pumping laser, pumping laser injects stretcher, stretcher
(stretch laser pulses) generate the laser pulse for having and stretching pulse width, and laser pulse projects in pulse shaper, pulse
Reshaper, come refigure laser pulse, is then projected it onto in amplifier by dynamic amplitude and spectral modulation, by putting
Laser pulse after refigure is enlarged into the laser pulse of higher power by big device, is then projected it onto in compressor reducer and is compressed
The pulsewidth of laser is to export the laser with original pulsewidth.As shown in Fig. 2, laser pump (ing) generates pumping laser, pumping laser is penetrated
Enter stretcher, stretcher (stretch laser pulses) generates the laser pulse for having and stretching pulse width, and laser pulse, which projects, to be put
In big device, laser pulse is enlarged into the laser pulse of higher power by amplifier, and project it onto in pulse shaper,
Pulse shaper, come refigure laser pulse, is then projected it onto in compressor reducer and is compressed by dynamic amplitude and spectral modulation
The pulsewidth of laser is to export the laser with original pulsewidth.
In the present invention, as preferred embodiment, laser pump (ing) specifically uses optical fiber mode locking oscillator, broadens implement body
Using fiber stretcher, amplifier uses casacade multi-amplifier chain.
In the present invention, in order to be further compensate for higher dispersion, shaping pulse is added in optical-fiber laser amplification system
Device.As preferred embodiment, the acousto-optic dispersive reshaper as dispersion element may be used in shaping pulse implement body, it can
It arbitrarily to adjust the shape and phase of spectrum, is controlled with controllable amplitude, generates different dispersion grades, including generate one big bear
Third-order dispersion stretches the positive third-order dispersion generated with amplification process for compensating by laser pulse.Embodiment party more preferably
Active controllable dispersion element specifically may be used in formula, acousto-optic dispersive reshaper, to generate adjustable dispersion level, so as to spirit
Any dispersion grade including nonlinear phase shift generated in amplifier chain is compensated livingly；Or use active programmable dispersion
Element is interacted by being measured in response to output laser amplitude and pulse shape and generates adjustable dispersion value, neatly to compensate
The arbitrary order dispersion including nonlinear phase shift generated in amplifier chain, to realize the shortest pulse duration.
In the present invention, as preferred embodiment, acousto-optic dispersive reshaper uses acousto-optic birefringent material, such as dioxy
Change the acousto-optic birefringent material of tellurium crystal, gallium phosphide, indium phosphide, lithium niobate and vitreous silica etc.The advantage of the invention is that
Acousto-optic dispersive reshaper is active component, can compensate the third-order dispersion from system, and compensate for amplifier chain
Any diffusion exponent number of middle generation, including nonlinear phase shift.
In general, the shape and phase of spectrum, such as liquid crystal modulator, deformable reflection should can in many ways be controlled
Mirror or acousto-optic deflection device.But in these methods, with acousto-optic dispersive reshaper realize optical-fiber laser amplification system have with
Lower advantage：Greater compactness of structure and more stable laser projection may be implemented.Other than acousto-optic dispersive reshaper, more also
It can be used to realize and generate big negative function of the third-order dispersion to compensate.
A kind of dynamic amplitude and spectral modulation method of optical-fiber laser amplification system has also been devised in the present invention, is using above-mentioned
Optical-fiber laser amplification system realize.By the way that acousto-optic dispersive reshaper to be used as to the controllable dispersion component of an active, to
Big Negative third order is generated, so as to the arbitrary order dispersion including nonlinear phase shift generated in neatly compensation system.
This method is specifically realized by following steps：
Step 1: establishing optical-fiber laser amplification system；
Step 2: laser pump (ing) generates pump light, pump light injects stretcher, and stretcher stretches pump light, produces
It is raw that there is the laser pulse for stretching pulse width, laser pulse to project in pulse shaper；
Step 3: pulse shaper by dynamic amplitude and spectral modulation come refigure laser pulse, specific dynamic
Amplitude and spectral modulation process are as follows：
Shaping pulse implement body use acousto-optic dispersive reshaper, in acousto-optic dispersive reshaper working range be added modulation because
Sub- S (ω), such acousto-optic dispersive reshaper can arbitrarily adjust spectral shape and phase.Mathematically, it can will modulate
Factor S (ω) is multiplied to obtain output spectrum with input spectrum, as shown in Figure 3.
Modulation factor S (ω) can be write as shown in formula (1)：
S (ω)=A (ω) ei’φ(ω) (1)
Wherein, A (ω) is the amplitude sequence of spectrum, and φ (ω) is phase function, and i ' is phase function coefficient, and ω is real-time
Phase value, Δ ω are phase difference, Δ ω1For target phase difference, ω0For initial phase, ω1For target phase value, h is amplitude system
Number, a1For single order phase coefficient, a2For second order phase coefficient, a3For three rank phase coefficients, a4For quadravalence phase coefficient.
Input spectrum is multiplied by modulation factor S (ω) and is equal to output spectrum, this process is spectral modulation.It is not defeated in formula
Enter spectrum, input spectrum is directly obtained from acousto-optic dispersive reshaper.
The spectral modulation defined by above-mentioned formula (1), formula (2) and formula (3) provides the feature of two kinds of filtering.It is possible, firstly, to
Spectral amplitudes are controlled by the convolution for the super-Gaussian envelope being superimposed by Gauss hole, that is, the sharp formula arteries and veins die-offed as shown in Figure 3
Intensity decline is rushed, can be used for that gain blockage effect is overcome to frequently occur in plus and blowup.Secondly, phase controlling to 4 ranks, this
Mean that acousto-optic dispersive reshaper can generate arbitrary second order, three ranks and fourth-order dispersion.In fact, acousto-optic dispersive reshaper
Second-order dispersion cannot be very big, however, third-order dispersion may have very big negative value (about -106fs3), this puts in optical-fiber laser
It is highly useful in big system.
Present invention utilizes the pulse strength modulation that acousto-optic dispersive reshaper provides, as shown in the drilled feature in Fig. 3, with
Specific frequency generates the sharp formula pulse strength of falling to die-off and declines, and target is the gain blockage effect corrected in high-gain amplifier,
It is composed by changing pulse strength so that pulse strength is minimum at maximum gain point.For example, for the amplifier of 40db gains, such as
The dynamic range of fruit pulse strength control reaches 30db, then compensation can be realized in the entire half-band width (3db) of gain curve.
In the simulation analysis experiment of optical-fiber laser amplification system, bandwidth increases one times, and the pulse duration of support shortens two
Times.
As shown in figure 4, acousto-optic dispersive reshaper is based on collinear acoustooptic interaction, sound wave by interim radio frequency (RF) by being believed
Number excitation energy converter it is two-fold in the acousto-optic of such as tellurium dioxide crystal, gallium phosphide, indium phosphide, lithium niobate and vitreous silica etc
It penetrates in material and emits；Sound wave passes through generation optical diffraction light pulse to be propagated along the speed of acousto-optic birefringent material Z axis
The spatially time shape of reproduction radio frequency (RF) signal.It is different from common acousto-optic (AO) modulator, in acousto-optic dispersive shaping
In device, sound wave is moved with optical diffraction light pulse.Principle is as follows：It is well known that only in the case of phase matched, two kinds of light
Pattern just can be by acousto-optic interaction to efficient coupling, commonly known as quick mode and slow speed mode；If only
There are one spatial frequency (refer to it is every degree visual angle in image or stimulate figure the bright grizzly bar week number for secretly making Sine Modulated, unit be week/
Degree) part appear in acoustic grating (utilize radio frequency signals drive acousto-optic dispersive reshaper, in acousto-optic birefringent material formed two
The grating of overlapping, the laser that light source is sent out form two beam first-order diffraction light with Bragg angle incidence, and light intensity is formed through lens focus
By sinusoidal rule be distributed structural light stripes) in, then only there are one optical frequency can the Z of position at (at Z be Z axis on certain
A bit, z (ω) indicates phase functions of the w along Z axis) it is diffracted；Optical diffraction light pulse is initially at acousto-optic birefringent material
Quick mode；Since it is a kind of short pulse incident laser with wide bandwidth, each optical frequency component is met in acoustic grating
It advances certain distance before to the spatial frequency of phase matched；In this position (position for referring to traveling certain distance), portion
Incident laser is divided to be diffracted with slow speed mode；The pulse that acousto-optic dispersive reshaper is left with slow speed mode will be by spreading out at various locations
All optical frequency components composition penetrated.Since the speed of both of which is different, when each optical frequency will be appreciated that different
Between postpone, which constitutes group velocity dispersion, and the derivative of group velocity dispersion is commonly known as third-order dispersion, i.e. three rank colors
It dissipates；So in view of this third-order dispersion can control by adjusting the time correlation frequency of sound wave.In this way, can also create
Build and change fourth-order dispersion and other high-order dispersions.Meanwhile optical diffraction light pulse can be controlled by adjusting intensity of acoustic wave
Amplitude.By applying acousto-optic dispersive reshaper, dynamic amplitude and spectrum shown in formula (1), formula (2) and formula (3) may be implemented
Modulation.It should also be noted that the collinear acoustooptic interaction geometry of acousto-optic dispersive reshaper can make interaction length most
Bigization, therefore deeper dynamic amplitude and spectral modulation and much bigger high-order dispersion can be generated.
Step 4: pulse shaper by dynamic amplitude and spectral modulation come refigure laser pulse, then thrown
It is mapped in amplifier, the laser pulse after refigure is enlarged into the laser pulse of higher power by amplifier, then will
It, which is projected, compresses the pulsewidth of laser to export the laser with original pulsewidth in compressor reducer.
Compressor reducer realizes that pulse width is compressed using time method is quickly reprogramed.The time is quickly reprogramed using mould
Quasi- annealing algorithm is calculated.For example, can be with the parameter of active accommodation acousto-optic dispersive reshaper with the measurement of adapter amplifier.By
Existed in the form of pinpoint accuracy by the physical constant of acousto-optic birefringent material in the phase that acousto-optic dispersive reshaper introduces, therefore mould
Quasi- geometric parameter of the annealing algorithm independent of setting, need not be arranged calibration.It, can be to phase if handling phase measurement well
Anti- correction is programmed, and directly obtains required flat phase, to infer the pulse width of Bandwidth-Constrained.It is moved back in simulation
In fiery algorithm, core concept is spectrum phase and pulse strength parameter in adjustment type (1).As shown in figure 3, these parameters with it is strong
Degree is related to phase, includes chirp, the time correlation frequency of sound wave.As shown in Figure 3,4, acousto-optic dispersive reshaper, which can generate, appoints
What controlled spectral shape and phase structure, has very high flexibility.
To the acousto-optic dispersive reshaper of phase-only modulation, best frequency domain phase function Φ is solved using simulated annealing
The flow of (λ) is as shown in Figure 5.Discrete frequency domain phase function Φ (λ) can be indicated with sequence Φ after sampling.Program starts to set
Set cycle-index N=1000, the ordinal number i=0 of cycle, the ordinal number j=0 of cycle, evaluation function C (0)=∞, initial phase sequence
Φ0For the phase sequence Φ before shaping pulsein, if transform limit pulse, then inceptive impulse phase sequence Φ0It is fixed normal
Number, can be set as zero.The random phase knots modification δ Φ generated when cycle every time can use formula (4) to indicate：
δ Φ=α (1-i/N) r (4)
In formula, i is the ordinal number of cycle, and N is cycle-index, and r is the random phasic serial signal in [- pi/2, pi/2] range, and α is
Adjustable constant parameter, it is convergent that the appropriate size for adjusting constant parameter α and cycle-index N can change simulated annealing
Speed.
Judge whether cycle-index N reaches number i.e. 1000 time of setting requirements, when cycle-index N reaches 1000 times,
Discrete frequency domain phase function Φ (λ) i.e. sequence Φ after sampling are made to be equal to the phase sequence Φ before shaping pulsein, and by Φ=
ΦinIt is applied to acousto-optic dispersive reshaper；
When cycle-index N is not up to 1000 times, cycle ordinal number adds 1, then formula (4) is utilized to calculate random phase knots modification
δΦ。
Judge that the standard of shaping pulse quality indicates that is, shaped pulse more connects with evaluation function (cost function)
Close-target pulse, evaluation function value is with regard to smaller.Evaluation function generally uses the square of result pulse and target pulse sample sequence difference
Root (RMS-Value) indicates.
Random phase knots modification δ Φ are added in current phase sequence Φ and obtain temporal phase sequence Φtemp.By interim phase
Bit sequence ΦtempBe combined into complex spectrum with the amplitude sequence A (ω) of spectrum and make inverse fourier transform, obtain shaping afterpulse when
Domain waveform Di(k), then with target pulse waveform Dtar(k) compare, Calculation Estimation function C (i), by evaluation function C (i) come
Determine whether this modification is received.The evaluation function C (i) recycled every time is equally represented by result pulse and target pulse
The root mean square of sample sequence difference：
In formula, C (i) is evaluation function, and i is the ordinal number of cycle, Di(k) it is the time domain waveform of shaping afterpulse, Dtar(k)
For target pulse waveform, M is sampling number, and k is independent variable, and C (j) is the evaluation function of non-shaping, and j is the ordinal number of cycle.
Judge the relationship between C (i) and C (j)：If C (i) ＞ C (j), make discrete frequency domain phase function Φ after sampling
(λ) i.e. sequence Φ is equal to temporal phase sequence Φtemp, j=i, continuation recycle next time；If C (i)<C (j) is then directly carried out down
One cycle.
The shaping capability provided using the pulse shaper, the pulse broadening function of being executed by stretcher have additional spirit
Activity, and limited by difficult caused by compressibility problem.For example, swashing for the Yb dosed optical fiber run at 1030nm
The pulse width of light device, bandwidth 8nm, Bandwidth-Constrained is about 200fs；400m fiber stretcher apparatus generates huge positive three ranks color
It dissipates, pulse width can very a length of 700fs.Acousto-optic dispersive reshaper can be with the third-order dispersion of compensated optical fiber element, therefore can be with
Realize the pulse width of about 200fs.On the other hand, acousto-optic dispersive reshaper can overcome gain-narrowing, effective bandwidth
12nm can be increased to, third-order dispersion completely eliminates, and the pulse duration can be reduced to 120fs.
Below in conjunction with specific implementation mode to the system and system of the present invention prepare achieved function and effect into
Row is described in detail.
Specific implementation mode one
The implementation of acousto-optic dispersive reshaper based on optical fiber can be divided into many different configurations.Acousto-optic dispersive reshaper is logical
Often run in hypo-intense region.Referring again to FIGS. 1, being broadened with optical fiber as the acousto-optic dispersive reshaper that pulse shaper is implemented
Device, all -fiber high powered amplifiers and gratings compressor combination.In this configuration, acousto-optic dispersive reshaper is used for compensated optical fiber exhibition
Third-order dispersion in wide device and gratings compressor.It is necessary to use single-mode optical fiber pigtail in the acousto-optic dispersive shaping of hypo-intense region
Device uses mid power or high-power acousto-optic since many acousto-optic birefringent materials can handle quite high power
Dispersion reshaper is very attractive.In present embodiment, using optical fiber pigtail acousto-optic dispersive reshaper, the optical fiber with tail optical fiber
It is not necessarily single mode optical fiber, it can be large mode field optical fiber, can also be photon band-gap optical fiber, and optical fiber connector can use one piece of nothing
Core fibre splices, with extension light beam, to greatly improve the power handling capability of optical fiber pigtail acousto-optic dispersive reshaper.
The height that optical fiber pigtail acousto-optic dispersive reshaper can be used for accumulating in compensated optical fiber stretcher and gratings compressor combination
Rank phase component, especially in the amplification of high-peak power optical fiber laser, compression ratio is more than 1000, accurate the problem of compensating
Become most important, optical fiber pigtail acousto-optic dispersive reshaper is very suitable for generating the correction of quadravalence or higher order.Due to it is equal from
Daughter test in pulse quality (peak value is to background contrasts) the problem of, this feature becomes especially important.In emulation point
In analysis experiment, in GW grades of peak power ytterbium-doping optical fiber laser systems, matched by implementing the system disclosed in present embodiment
It sets, the duration for being as short as 200fs may be implemented, contrast ration is up to 106, at least put than traditional short pulse optical-fiber laser
The high an order of magnitude of big device system.In entire spectral region, phase fluctuation may remain in 0.15 radian or less.
Specific implementation mode two
As shown in fig. 6, in present embodiment, using conventional fiber amplifier, acousto-optic dispersive reshaper and PBF compressor reducers,
Input optical fibre be with the matched passive large mode field optical fiber of fiber amplifier output optical fibre, output optical fibre is photon band-gap optical fiber, use
It is compressed in pulse.It is realized using above-mentioned preparation a kind of by the chirped pulse amplification short-pulse amplification system based on all -fiber.Often
Advise the impulse phase correction that fiber amplifier and the PBF compressor reducers for pulse compression generate.Acousto-optic dispersive reshaper is placed on
After big device, before PBF compressor reducers, acousto-optic dispersive reshaper is used for the dispersion correction of higher order, and spectrum width can be less than
30fs。
Specific implementation mode three
As shown in fig. 7, in present embodiment, conventional amplifiers, acousto-optic dispersive reshaper and compressor reducer, input optical fibre are used
It is the small pieces photonic crystal fiber for spectrum widening, spectrum easily can be expanded to 200nm bandwidth by it；Output optical fibre can
To be the photon band-gap optical fiber for power transmission, or can be free space output.The laser pulse of amplification and compression can
To be sent to one piece of photonic crystal fiber, re-modulation phase expands frequency spectrum；The broadening pulse of spectrum is in acousto-optic dispersive reshaper
Then middle propagation compensates additional dispersion.Critical component is the acousto-optic dispersive reshaper of reasonable design, has wider acoustics band
Width can handle very wide bandwidth (200nm).It, can be short for the controlled spectral widths of 200nm in simulation analysis experiment
To the 7fs pulse durations.Therefore, full optical fiber laser source can provide the high energy pulse less than the 10fs pulse durations.
The optical-fiber laser amplification system realized by above-mentioned preparation can be with the draw ratio of bigger, the pulsewidth with bigger
Amplification, is greater than the pulse amplifying of nanosecond.This optical-fiber laser amplification system is provided generates mJ in optical fiber laser
The possibility of grade 200fs or less pulses.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications are also answered
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of optical-fiber laser amplification system, which is characterized in that including：Laser pump (ing), stretcher, pulse shaper, amplifier
And compressor reducer；
The laser pump (ing) generates pump light, and pump light injects stretcher, and stretcher to pump light stretch generating to have and be drawn
The laser pulse of pulse width is stretched, laser pulse projects in pulse shaper, and pulse shaper passes through dynamic amplitude and spectrum
Modulation carrys out refigure laser pulse, then projects it onto in amplifier, by amplifier to the laser arteries and veins after refigure
Row power amplification is rushed in, then projects it onto and compresses the pulsewidth of laser in compressor reducer to export the laser with original pulsewidth；
Or；The laser pump (ing) generates pump light, and pump light injects stretcher, and stretcher, which to pump light stretch, generates tool
There are the laser pulse for stretching pulse width, laser pulse to project in amplifier, power is carried out to laser pulse by amplifier
Amplification, then projects it onto in pulse shaper, and pulse shaper is swashed by dynamic amplitude and spectral modulation come refigure
Then light pulse projects it onto and compresses the pulsewidth of laser in compressor reducer to export the laser with original pulsewidth.
2. a kind of optical-fiber laser amplification system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the laser pump (ing) uses optical fiber
Mode locking oscillator, the stretcher use fiber stretcher, the amplifier to use casacade multi-amplifier chain.
3. a kind of optical-fiber laser amplification system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the pulse shaper uses sound
Optical dispersion reshaper can arbitrarily be adjusted the shape and phase of spectrum, be controlled with controllable amplitude, and different dispersion grades is generated, packet
It includes and generates a Negative third order, the positive third-order dispersion generated with power amplification process is stretched by laser pulse for compensating.
4. a kind of optical-fiber laser amplification system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the acousto-optic dispersive reshaper is adopted
With active controllable dispersion element or use active programmable dispersion element.
5. a kind of optical-fiber laser amplification system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the acousto-optic dispersive reshaper is adopted
With tellurium dioxide crystal, gallium phosphide, indium phosphide, lithium niobate or vitreous silica.
6. dynamic amplitude and the spectral modulation side of a kind of optical-fiber laser amplification system described in any one of claim 1 to 5
Method, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
Step 1: structure optical-fiber laser amplification system；
Step 2: laser pump (ing) generates pump light, pump light injects stretcher, and stretcher stretches pump light, generates tool
There are the laser pulse for stretching pulse width, laser pulse to project in acousto-optic dispersive reshaper；
Step 3: acousto-optic dispersive reshaper by dynamic amplitude and spectral modulation come refigure laser pulse, in acousto-optic dispersive
Modulation factor S (ω) is added in reshaper working range, by modulation factor S (ω) with directly obtained from acousto-optic dispersive reshaper
Input spectrum be multiplied to obtain output spectrum so that acousto-optic dispersive reshaper can arbitrarily adjust spectral shape and phase, realize
Spectral modulation；Shown in the formula such as formula (1) of modulation factor S (ω)：
S (ω)=A (ω) ei’φ(ω) (1)
In above formula, A (ω) is the amplitude sequence of spectrum, and φ (ω) is phase function, and i ' is phase function coefficient, and ω is real-time phase
Place value, Δ ω are phase difference, Δ ω1For target phase difference, ω0For initial phase, ω1For target phase value, h is range coefficient,
a1For single order phase coefficient, a2For second order phase coefficient, a3For three rank phase coefficients, a4For quadravalence phase coefficient；
Step 4: acousto-optic dispersive reshaper by dynamic amplitude and spectral modulation come refigure laser pulse, then thrown
It is mapped in amplifier, power amplification is carried out to the laser pulse after refigure by amplifier, then projects it onto compression
The pulsewidth of laser is compressed in device to export the laser with original pulsewidth.
7. dynamic amplitude according to claim 6 and spectral modulation method, which is characterized in that in step 3, by formula (1),
The spectral modulation that formula (2) and formula (3) define provides the feature of two kinds of filtering：First, the super-Gaussian by being superimposed by Gauss hole
The convolution of envelope is generated the sharp formula pulse strength of falling to die-off with specific frequency and declined, for correcting high increasing to control spectral amplitudes
Gain blockage effect in beneficial amplifier is composed by changing pulse strength so that pulse strength is minimum at maximum gain point；Its
Secondary, phase controlling to 4 ranks indicates that acousto-optic dispersive reshaper can generate arbitrary second order, three ranks and fourth-order dispersion.
8. dynamic amplitude according to claim 6 and spectral modulation method, which is characterized in that in step 3, the acousto-optic
Dispersion reshaper is based on collinear acoustooptic interaction, and sound wave is by the energy converter by interim RF signal excitation in acousto-optic birefringence
Emit in material；Sound wave is existed with being propagated along the speed of acousto-optic birefringent material Z axis by generating optical diffraction light pulse
The spatially time shape of reproduction radio frequency signal；
In acousto-optic dispersive reshaper, sound wave is moved with optical diffraction light pulse, and the principle followed is as follows：In phase matched
In the case of, fast optical pattern and low speed optical pattern can by acousto-optic interaction to efficient coupling, if only one
A spatial frequency locally appears in acoustic grating, then can be only diffracted at the Z of position there are one optical frequency；Optical diffraction light arteries and veins
Punching is initially at the quick mode of acousto-optic birefringent material；Since it is a kind of short pulse incident laser with wide bandwidth, often
It advances before the spatial frequency that a optical frequency component encounters phase matched in acoustic grating certain distance；In this position, portion
Incident laser is divided to be diffracted with slow speed mode；The pulse that acousto-optic dispersive reshaper is left with slow speed mode will be by spreading out at various locations
All optical frequency components composition penetrated；Since the speed of two kinds of optical modes is different, each optical frequency will be appreciated that difference
Time delay, which constitutes group velocity dispersion, and the derivative of group velocity dispersion is commonly known as third-order dispersion, i.e., three
Rank dispersion, therefore, third-order dispersion can control by adjusting the time correlation frequency of sound wave, similarly, can create and change four
Rank dispersion and other high-order dispersions, the amplitude of optical diffraction light pulse is controlled by adjusting intensity of acoustic wave.
9. dynamic amplitude according to claim 6 and spectral modulation method, which is characterized in that in step 4, the compression
Device using quickly reprograms time method realize pulse width compress, quickly reprogram the time using simulated annealing into
Row calculates；To the acousto-optic dispersive reshaper of phase-only modulation, best frequency domain phase function Φ is solved using simulated annealing
The flow of (λ) is as follows：
Discrete frequency domain phase function Φ (λ) indicates that program starts setting up cycle-index N=1000, follows with sequence Φ after sampling
The ordinal number i=0 of ring, the ordinal number j=0 of cycle, evaluation function C (0)=∞, initial phase sequence Φ0For the phase before shaping pulse
Bit sequence Φin, if transform limit pulse, then inceptive impulse phase sequence Φ0For fixed constant, it is set as zero, every time when cycle
The random phase knots modification δ Φ of generation are indicated with formula (4)：
δ Φ=α (1-i/N) r (4)
In formula, i is the ordinal number of cycle, and N is cycle-index, and r is the random phasic serial signal in [- pi/2, pi/2] range, and α is adjustable
Whole constant parameter, the appropriate size for adjusting constant parameter α and cycle-index N can change the convergent speed of simulated annealing
Degree；
Judge whether cycle-index N reaches number i.e. 1000 time of setting requirements, when cycle-index N reaches 1000 times, makes to adopt
Discrete frequency domain phase function Φ (λ) i.e. sequence Φ are equal to the phase sequence Φ before shaping pulse after samplein, and by Φ=ΦinIt answers
Use acousto-optic dispersive reshaper；
When cycle-index N is not up to 1000 times, cycle ordinal number adds 1, then formula (4) is utilized to calculate random phase knots modification δ Φ.
10. dynamic amplitude according to claim 9 and spectral modulation method, which is characterized in that in step 4, Utilization assessment
Function judges shaping pulse standard, and shaped pulse is closer to target pulse, and evaluation function value is with regard to smaller, evaluation function result arteries and veins
The root mean square of punching and target pulse sample sequence difference indicates；
Random phase knots modification δ Φ are added in current phase sequence Φ and obtain temporal phase sequence Φtemp, by temporal phase sequence
Arrange ΦtempIt is combined into complex spectrum with the amplitude sequence A (ω) of spectrum and makees inverse fourier transform, obtains the time domain wave of shaping afterpulse
Shape Di(k), then with target pulse waveform Dtar(k) compare, Calculation Estimation function C (i), determined by evaluation function C (i)
Whether this modification is received, and the evaluation function C (i) recycled every time can equally be expressed as adopting for result pulse and target pulse
The root mean square of sample sequence difference：
In formula, C (i) is evaluation function, and i is the ordinal number of cycle, Di(k) it is the time domain waveform of shaping afterpulse, Dtar(k) it is target
Impulse waveform, M are sampling number, and k is independent variable, and C (j) is the evaluation function of non-shaping, and j is the ordinal number of cycle；
Judge the relationship between C (i) and C (j)：If C (i) ＞ C (j), make discrete frequency domain phase function Φ (λ) after sampling i.e.
Sequence Φ is equal to temporal phase sequence Φtemp, j=i, continuation recycle next time；If C (i)<C (j) is then directly carried out next time
Cycle.
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| CN110655065A (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2020-01-07 | 清华大学 | System for utilize femto second laser pulse sequence reduction oxidation graphite alkene |
| CN113219760A (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2021-08-06 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Digital-to-analog conversion method and system based on spectrum shaping |
| CN113346335A (en) * | 2021-05-11 | 2021-09-03 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Real-time continuous regulating and controlling device for spectral width |
| CN114552356A (en) * | 2022-02-14 | 2022-05-27 | 中国人民解放军93236部队 | Device for converting periodic laser short pulse into random waveform long pulse or pulse cluster |
| CN116805889A (en) * | 2023-08-21 | 2023-09-26 | 深圳市光为光通信科技有限公司 | Optical fiber transceiver module based on CPO technology |
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| CN110655065A (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2020-01-07 | 清华大学 | System for utilize femto second laser pulse sequence reduction oxidation graphite alkene |
| CN113219760A (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2021-08-06 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Digital-to-analog conversion method and system based on spectrum shaping |
| CN113219760B (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2022-08-23 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Digital-to-analog conversion method and system based on spectrum shaping |
| CN113346335A (en) * | 2021-05-11 | 2021-09-03 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Real-time continuous regulating and controlling device for spectral width |
| CN114552356A (en) * | 2022-02-14 | 2022-05-27 | 中国人民解放军93236部队 | Device for converting periodic laser short pulse into random waveform long pulse or pulse cluster |
| CN114552356B (en) * | 2022-02-14 | 2024-05-10 | 中国人民解放军93236部队 | Device for converting periodic laser short pulse into random waveform long pulse or pulse cluster |
| CN116805889A (en) * | 2023-08-21 | 2023-09-26 | 深圳市光为光通信科技有限公司 | Optical fiber transceiver module based on CPO technology |
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| CN117471720A (en) * | 2023-12-27 | 2024-01-30 | 武汉中科锐择光电科技有限公司 | Ultra-short pulse shaping device based on acousto-optic delay line |
| CN117471720B (en) * | 2023-12-27 | 2024-04-09 | 武汉中科锐择光电科技有限公司 | Ultra-short pulse shaping device based on acousto-optic delay line |
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Application publication date: 20181012 |