CN108647386A - A kind of optimization design method applied to FRP anticollisions girder construction/material - Google Patents
A kind of optimization design method applied to FRP anticollisions girder construction/material Download PDFInfo
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- CN108647386A CN108647386A CN201810297286.2A CN201810297286A CN108647386A CN 108647386 A CN108647386 A CN 108647386A CN 201810297286 A CN201810297286 A CN 201810297286A CN 108647386 A CN108647386 A CN 108647386A
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- G06F30/23—Design optimisation, verification or simulation using finite element methods [FEM] or finite difference methods [FDM]
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of optimization design methods applied to FRP anticollisions girder construction/material, belong to auto parts and components optimisation technique field, anticollision beam model is constructed using B-spline curves, random initial population is created using MATLAB, complete finite element modeling, ply parameter setting is carried out in ANSYS, after applying constraint and load, it carries out finite element analysis and calculates, the output phase stress is to txt file, it inputs in stress value to MATLAB, use Cai Wu tensor theories, establish the relationship of the intensity about anticollision girder construction, and obtain intensity ratio R, build fitness function, population is selected, intersect, variation, reorganization operation.The present invention uses the knowledge of genetic algorithm, while using selection and structural parameters as variable, while considering the optimization of parts macrostructure and two factor of microcosmic optimization of material, and collaboration optimization is carried out to parts.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of collision prevention girders optimization design methods, being applied to FRP collision prevention girders knots more particularly to one kind
The optimization design method of structure/material belongs to auto parts and components optimisation technique field.
Background technology
Collision prevention girders absorb impact energy as safety device important in automobile, for mitigating when vehicle is collided
Amount connects the mounting plate composition of automobile by girder, energy-absorption box, and girder, energy-absorption box can have when low speed collision occurs for vehicle
Effect absorbs collision energy, reduces damage of the impact force to chassis runner as far as possible, and collision prevention girders girder and energy-absorption box utilize metal
Plastic deformation generates conquassation, converts interior energy to deformation energy, sponges kinetic energy when a part of car crass.
Currently, traditional collision prevention girders and energy-absorption box are generally made of metal materials such as steel, aluminium, this is limited to a certain extent
The lightweight of vehicle is horizontal, and fibre reinforced composites FRP is by fibrous material and matrix as a kind of advanced composite material (ACM)
The high-performance proximate matter material that material resin is formed after mixing according to a certain percentage, light and hard, non-conductive, high mechanical strength, recycling
It is corrosion-resistant using few, it is broadly divided into carbon fibre composite CFRP, glass fiber compound material GFRP, aramid fiber composite wood
Expect AFRP, basalt fiber composite material BFRP etc., collision prevention girders need excellent bending resistance as impact protection apparatus in automobile
The characteristics of performance and high intensity, and CFRP, GFRP, AFRP have the advantage of this respect, need to be selected according to different application scenarios
Select optimal material.
Since laminate laminated material, laying angle, overlay thickness selection are various in composite material, and in the knot of the present invention
2 control point coordinate positions are indefinite in structure design, belong to Discrete Variables Optimization, and genetic algorithm, for solve it is this kind of from
Variable optimization problem is dissipated to have a clear superiority.
Invention content
The main object of the present invention is to provide for a kind of Cooperative Optimization applied to FRP anticollisions girder construction/material
Method, in order to solve the problems, such as that structure cannot cooperate with optimization with material in auto parts and components optimization design at present.
The purpose of the present invention can reach by using following technical solution：
A kind of optimization design method applied to FRP anticollisions girder construction/material includes the following steps：
Step 1：Anticollision beam model is constructed using B-spline curves, by changing its control vertex coordinate, to change its structure
Parameter changes collision prevention girders contour structures, and by changing each laying selection of composite material to change the material parameter of structure entirety；
Step 2：Random initial population about structural parameters and material parameter is created using MATLAB；
Step 3：According to the structural parameters in initial population, finite element modeling is completed；
Step 4：According to the material parameter in initial population, ply parameter is carried out to FRP collision prevention girders laminates in ANSYS
Setting；
Step 5：Is applied by constraint and after load, carries out finite element analysis and calculates for finite element model, the output phase stress
To txt file；
Step 6：It inputs in stress value to MATLAB, using Cai in Classical lamination strength theory-Wu's tensor theories, establishes
The relationship of intensity about anticollision girder construction, and obtain intensity ratio R；
Step 7：Fitness function is built, population is selected based on fitness, intersects, make a variation, reorganization operation.
Further, in the step 1, B-spline curves are adjusted by head and the tail point and two control vertexs.
Further, in the step 2, using binary system population to collision prevention girders carry out parameter setting, respectively with 2 two into
Every layer of laying angle of collision prevention girders laminate is shown in tabulation；With 1 binary representation collision prevention girders the selection of material；With 3 binary representations
Structural parameters x1；With 5 binary representation structural parameters x2.
Further, in the step 2, with every layer of laying angle of 2 binary representation collision prevention girders laminates, using 0,1,
2,3 45 °, 0 °, 45 ° and 90 ° laying angles are respectively represented；
With 1 binary representation collision prevention girders the selection of material, respectively represented using 0,1 multiple using aramid fiber and glass fibre
Condensation material；
X1 and x2 respectively represents the control vertex coordinate value in B-spline.
Further, in the step 3, B-spline curves construction, packet are carried out using B-spline curves construction anticollision beam model
Include following steps：
Step 11：The first point coordinates 0 (0,0) of B-spline, A (1000,100), P1 are determined in conjunction with the geometric dimension of collision prevention girders
(0, x1), P2 (x2,100)；
Step 12：X1, x2 numerical value are exported by binary system population in step 1, build B-spline curves, the output of node coordinate value
To txt file；
Step 13：For a segmentation U={ u on given parameters u axisi}(ui≤ui+1), (i=0,1,2 ..., m), by
The N that following recurrence relation definesi,p(u) it is known as p (p+1 ranks) B-spline basic function of U, i.e.,
If P0,P1,...,PnTo give the n+1 control vertex in space, then B-spline curves are shown in following formula (2)：
U={ u0,u1,...,umIt is m+1 knot vector.
Further, in the step 3, according to the structural parameters in initial population, B-spline curves are fitted using ANSYS,
Finite element model is built, B-spline node coordinate is inputted by txt file in ANSYS softwares, builds key point, is passed through included
Bsplin orders carry out spline curve fitting, form B-spline, and anticollision beam section, which is prolonged B-spline curves, carries out sweeping, completes limited
Meta Model applies constraint and load, carries out finite element analysis and calculates, and the output phase answers element stress to txt file.
Further, in the step 6, intensity ratio R indicates lamina in the case where applying stress, limit stress it is a certain
Corresponding the ratio between the application components of stress of component are intensity/stress ratio, shown in intensity ratio R such as formula (3)；
Wherein：F11、F1、F22、F2、F66、F12It is intensive parameter；
XtFor longitudinal tensile strength, XcFor longitudinal compressive strength, YtFor transverse tensile strength, YcFor transverse compression intensity.
Further, in shown step 7, specifically comprise the following steps：
Step 71：According to intensity ratio R values, fitness function is built；
Step 72：Selection operation is carried out to old population based on fitness function, retains more excellent solution；
Step 73：To remaining individual, intersected based on fitness, mutation operation, generates new population；
Step 74：Finite element model is rebuild to new population, and calculates fitness, recombination behaviour is carried out based on fitness
Make, it is ensured that more excellent solution will not intersect, be removed in mutation process；
Step 75：It repeats the above steps until maximum iteration MAXGEN；
Step 76：Structural parameters, material parameter, target function value of the output per a generation, and draw corresponding iterations
With the image of target function value.
The advantageous effects of the present invention：Collaboration optimization according to the invention applied to FRP anticollisions girder construction/material is set
Meter method, the optimization design method provided by the invention applied to FRP anticollisions girder construction/material, with genetic algorithm
Knowledge, while using selection and structural parameters as variable, first changing component structural, the structure after variation is excellent as microcosmic material
Model when change process carries out genetic optimization, and using elitism strategy is retained, counter adds one after every suboptimization, until greatest iteration
Number terminates, while considering the optimization of parts macrostructure and two factor of microcosmic optimization of material, and collaboration optimization is carried out to parts.
It utilizes MATLAB to call ANSYS softwares in the process, hind computation model stress, the optimal mould of rapid solving is realized with APDL language
Type reaches production structural requirement with this.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a preferred reality of the optimization design method according to the invention applied to FRP anticollisions girder construction/material
Apply structure/material collaboration optimized flow chart of example；
Fig. 2 is a preferred reality of the optimization design method according to the invention applied to FRP anticollisions girder construction/material
That applies example cooperates with optimized flow chart based on MATLAB and ANSYS；
Fig. 3 is a preferred reality of the optimization design method according to the invention applied to FRP anticollisions girder construction/material
Apply the anticollision beam stress and constraint schematic diagram of example；
Fig. 4 is a preferred reality of the optimization design method according to the invention applied to FRP anticollisions girder construction/material
Apply the mechanical property of 3 kinds of exemplary complex materials of example；
Fig. 5 is a preferred reality of the optimization design method according to the invention applied to FRP anticollisions girder construction/material
Apply the collaboration optimization schematic diagram of example.
Specific implementation mode
To make the more clear and clear technical scheme of the present invention of those skilled in the art, with reference to embodiment and attached drawing
The present invention is described in further detail, and embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
In the present embodiment, Fig. 1 is structure/material collaboration optimized flow chart, and Fig. 2 is the association based on MATLAB and ANSYS
Same optimized flow chart, Fig. 3 is anticollision beam stress and constraint schematic diagram, Fig. 4 are the mechanical property of 3 kinds of exemplary complex materials, and Fig. 5 is
Collaboration optimization schematic diagram.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, provided in this embodiment a kind of applied to FRP anticollisions girder construction/material Cooperative Optimization
Method includes the following steps：
Step 1：Parameter setting is carried out to collision prevention girders using binary system population, respectively with 2 binary representation collision prevention girders layers
Every layer of laying angle of plywood (0,1,2,3 respectively represent -45 °, 0 °, 45 °, 90 ° of laying angles), with 1 binary representation anticollision
Beam the selection of material (0,1 respectively represents using aramid fiber, glass fiber compound material), with 3 binary representation structural parameters
X1, with 5 binary representation structural parameters x2 (x1, x2 respectively represent the control vertex coordinate value in B-spline)；
Step 2：B-spline curves construct, and the first point coordinates 0 (0,0) of B-spline, A are determined in conjunction with the geometric dimension of collision prevention girders
(1000,100), P1 (0, x1), P2 (x2,100) export x1, x2 numerical value by population in step 1, build B-spline curves, node
Coordinate value is exported to txt file；
For a segmentation U={ u on given parameters u axisi}(ui≤ui+1), (i=0,1,2 ..., m), are passed by following
Push away the N of contextual definitioni,p(u) it is known as p (p+1 ranks) B-spline basic function of U, i.e.,
If P0,P1,...,PnTo give the n+1 control vertex in space, U={ u0,u1,...,umIt is m+1 node arrow
Amount, then B-spline curves are
Here modeled using cubic uniform B-splines, then shown in its basic function such as formula (4),
Step 3：ANSYS is fitted B-spline curves, builds finite element model, passes through txt file input B samples in ANSYS softwares
Node coordinate builds key point, passes through included bsplin orders and carries out spline curve fitting, formation B-spline, by collision prevention girders
Section prolongs B-spline curves and carries out sweeping, completes finite element modeling, applies constraint as shown in Figure 3 and load, carries out finite element fraction
Analysis and calculating, the output phase answer element stress to txt file；
Step 4：MATLAB calculates anticollision beam strength, is exported to the element stress of txt file, according to strong in invocation step 3
It spends criterion and carries out Strength co-mputation, here the intensity of Cai-Wu (E.M.Wu) tensor theories is used to compare formula：
Wherein：F11、F1、F22、F2、F66、F12It is intensive parameter；
XtFor longitudinal tensile strength, XcFor longitudinal compressive strength, YtFor transverse tensile strength, YcFor transverse compression intensity,
Numerical value is shown in Fig. 4；
Step 5：Genetic algorithm fitness function is built, every layer of intensity ratio is obtained according to step 4, builds fitness function, F
=Rmin- 1, it is denoted as the allowable stress multiple that can continue load；
Step 6：Genetic algorithm optimization operates, and is operated by selection algorithm, crossover algorithm, mutation algorithm, reassembly algorithm, real
Existing genetic optimization process, is as follows：
Step 6.1：Selection algorithm, based on the fitness value built in step 5, select orders are according to fitness to old kind
Group is selected (fitness value is bigger, easier to be left by selection), and new population is formed；
Step 6.2：Crossover algorithm intersects order xovsp according to single-point and is intersected to the population formed in step 6.1,
Mating to being ordered into, i.e., strange row is matched with its next even row, if population line number is strange line number, last column is not participated in
Pairing, is intersected with certain crossover probability, forms new population；
Step 6.3：Mutation algorithm, for the population formed in step 6.2, according to discrete variation order mut into row variation,
Each individual forms new population with certain mutation probability into row variation in population；
Step 6.4：Reassembly algorithm, the population formed in step 6.3, due to selection operation in 6.1 so that population scale
Under change, weight insertion operator reins orders are here utilized so that population scale restores to original value；
Step 6.5：Population after recombination, again according to steps 1 and 2,3,4,5,6 cycles, until maximum iteration gen
=MAXGEN stops, and terminates programming.
In the present embodiment, in the present embodiment, at the same consider parts macrostructure optimization with microcosmic optimization of material two because
Element carries out collaboration optimization to parts, utilizes MATLAB to call ANSYS softwares in the process, and hind computation is realized with APDL language
Model stress, the optimal model of rapid solving reach production structural requirement with this.
In conclusion in the present embodiment, it is excellent according to the collaboration applied to FRP anticollisions girder construction/material of the present embodiment
Change design method, the optimization design method provided in this embodiment applied to FRP anticollisions girder construction/material, with heredity
The knowledge of algorithm, while using selection and structural parameters as variable, first changing component structural, using the structure after variation as microcosmic
Model when optimization of material process carries out genetic optimization, and using elitism strategy is retained, counter adds one after every suboptimization, until most
Big iterations terminate, while considering the optimization of parts macrostructure and two factor of microcosmic optimization of material, are assisted to parts
With optimization.It utilizes MATLAB to call ANSYS softwares in the process, hind computation model stress, rapid solving is realized with APDL language
Optimal model reaches production structural requirement with this.
The above, further embodiment only of the present invention, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, and it is any
Within the scope of the present disclosure, according to the technique and scheme of the present invention and its design adds those familiar with the art
With equivalent substitution or change, protection scope of the present invention is belonged to.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of optimization design method applied to FRP anticollisions girder construction/material, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
Step 1：Anticollision beam model is constructed using B-spline curves, by changing its control vertex coordinate, to change its structure ginseng
Number changes collision prevention girders contour structures, and by changing each laying selection of composite material to change the material parameter of structure entirety；
Step 2：Random initial population about structural parameters and material parameter is created using MATLAB；
Step 3：According to the structural parameters in initial population, finite element modeling is completed；
Step 4：According to the material parameter in initial population, FRP collision prevention girders laminates progress ply parameter is set in ANSYS
It is fixed；
Step 5：Is applied by constraint and after load, carries out finite element analysis and calculates for finite element model, the output phase stress to txt
File；
Step 6：Input in stress value to MATLAB, using Cai in Classical lamination strength theory-Wu's tensor theories, establish about
The relationship of the intensity of anticollision girder construction, and obtain intensity ratio R；
Step 7：Fitness function is built, population is selected based on fitness, intersects, make a variation, reorganization operation.
2. a kind of optimization design method applied to FRP anticollisions girder construction/material according to claim 1, special
Sign is, in the step 1, B-spline curves are adjusted by head and the tail point and two control vertexs.
3. a kind of optimization design method applied to FRP anticollisions girder construction/material according to claim 1, special
Sign is, in the step 2, parameter setting is carried out to collision prevention girders using binary system population, respectively with 2 binary representation anticollisions
Every layer of laying angle of beam laminate；With 1 binary representation collision prevention girders the selection of material；With 3 binary representation structural parameters x1；
With 5 binary representation structural parameters x2.
4. a kind of optimization design method applied to FRP anticollisions girder construction/material according to claim 3, special
Sign is, in the step 2,
With every layer of laying angle of 2 binary representation collision prevention girders laminates, using 0,1,2,3 respectively represent 45 °, 0 °, 45 ° and
90 ° of laying angles；
With 1 binary representation collision prevention girders the selection of material, respectively represented using aramid fiber and glass fibre composite wood using 0,1
Material；
X1 and x2 respectively represents the control vertex coordinate value in B-spline.
5. a kind of optimization design method applied to FRP anticollisions girder construction/material according to claim 4, special
Sign is, in the step 3, carries out B-spline curves construction using B-spline curves construction anticollision beam model, includes the following steps：
Step 11：Determine the first point coordinates 0 (0,0) of B-spline in conjunction with the geometric dimension of collision prevention girders, A (1000,100), P1 (0,
X1), P2 (x2,100)；
Step 12：X1, x2 numerical value are exported by binary system population in step 1, build B-spline curves, node coordinate value is exported to txt
File；
Step 13：For a segmentation U={ u on given parameters u axisi}(ui≤ui+1), (i=0,1,2 ..., m), by following
The N that recurrence relation definesi,p(u) it is known as p (p+1 ranks) B-spline basic function of U, i.e.,
Regulation
If P0,P1,...,PnTo give the n+1 control vertex in space, then B-spline curves are shown in following formula (2)：
U={ u0,u1,...,umIt is m+1 knot vector.
6. a kind of optimization design method applied to FRP anticollisions girder construction/material according to claim 1, special
Sign is, in the step 3, according to the structural parameters in initial population, is fitted B-spline curves using ANSYS, builds finite element
Model inputs B-spline node coordinate in ANSYS softwares by txt file, builds key point, passes through included bsplin orders
Spline curve fitting is carried out, B-spline is formed, anticollision beam section, which is prolonged B-spline curves, carries out sweeping, completes finite element modeling, applies
Addition of constraints and load, carry out finite element analysis and calculate, and the output phase answers element stress to txt file.
7. a kind of optimization design method applied to FRP anticollisions girder construction/material according to claim 1, special
Sign is, in the step 6, intensity ratio R indicates lamina in the case where applying stress, and a certain component of limit stress is right with it
The ratio between application components of stress answered are intensity/stress ratio, shown in intensity ratio R such as formula (3)；
Wherein：F11、F1、F22、F2、F66、F12It is intensive parameter；
XtFor longitudinal tensile strength, XcFor longitudinal compressive strength, YtFor transverse tensile strength, YcFor transverse compression intensity.
8. a kind of optimization design method applied to FRP anticollisions girder construction/material according to claim 1, special
Sign is, in shown step 7, specifically comprises the following steps：
Step 71：According to intensity ratio R values, fitness function is built；
Step 72：Selection operation is carried out to old population based on fitness function, retains more excellent solution；
Step 73：To remaining individual, intersected based on fitness, mutation operation, generates new population；
Step 74：Finite element model is rebuild to new population, and calculates fitness, reorganization operation is carried out based on fitness, really
Protecting more excellent solution will not intersect, be removed in mutation process；
Step 75：It repeats the above steps until maximum iteration MAXGEN；
Step 76：Structural parameters, material parameter, target function value of the output per a generation, and draw corresponding iterations and mesh
The image of offer of tender numerical value.
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| CN109800461A (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2019-05-24 | 北京航空航天大学 | Crucial gabarit parameter optimization method and device for tire construction light-weight design |
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| CN110750862A (en) * | 2019-09-16 | 2020-02-04 | 江苏理工学院 | Design method for reducing vibration of automobile roof based on structural material double-scale optimization |
| CN111125958A (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2020-05-08 | 江苏理工学院 | Structural material integrated design method applied to CFRP unmanned aerial vehicle wing |
| CN111563339A (en) * | 2020-04-27 | 2020-08-21 | 江苏理工学院 | CFRP (carbon fiber reinforced plastics) air guide sleeve integrated design method based on variable coupling and software integration |
| CN113281168A (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2021-08-20 | 云度新能源汽车有限公司 | Method for detecting firmness of carbon fiber accessory for automobile |
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| CN109800461A (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2019-05-24 | 北京航空航天大学 | Crucial gabarit parameter optimization method and device for tire construction light-weight design |
| CN110633498A (en) * | 2019-08-16 | 2019-12-31 | 江苏理工学院 | Function integration design method applied to CFRP automobile roof structure material |
| CN110750862A (en) * | 2019-09-16 | 2020-02-04 | 江苏理工学院 | Design method for reducing vibration of automobile roof based on structural material double-scale optimization |
| CN111125958A (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2020-05-08 | 江苏理工学院 | Structural material integrated design method applied to CFRP unmanned aerial vehicle wing |
| CN111563339A (en) * | 2020-04-27 | 2020-08-21 | 江苏理工学院 | CFRP (carbon fiber reinforced plastics) air guide sleeve integrated design method based on variable coupling and software integration |
| CN113281168A (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2021-08-20 | 云度新能源汽车有限公司 | Method for detecting firmness of carbon fiber accessory for automobile |
| CN114770977A (en) * | 2022-06-17 | 2022-07-22 | 成都飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | Design method, device and equipment of automatic wire laying tool and storage medium |
| CN114770977B (en) * | 2022-06-17 | 2022-10-25 | 成都飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | Design method, device and equipment of automatic fiber laying tool and storage medium |
| CN115107280A (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-09-27 | 重庆大学 | Voronoi porous structure intelligent generation method |
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