CN108645886B - Experimental device for low-temperature fluid condensation and flow visualization - Google Patents
Experimental device for low-temperature fluid condensation and flow visualization Download PDFInfo
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
- G01N25/14—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by using distillation, extraction, sublimation, condensation, freezing, or crystallisation
- G01N25/142—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by using distillation, extraction, sublimation, condensation, freezing, or crystallisation by condensation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N11/00—Investigating flow properties of materials, e.g. viscosity, plasticity; Analysing materials by determining flow properties
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of low-temperature fluid flow experiments, and discloses an experimental device for low-temperature fluid condensation and flow visualization, which comprises: the experimental device comprises: the loop heat pipe comprises a condenser and an evaporator which are connected into a loop in a closed loop manner; a refrigerator in contact with the condenser; and the heat insulation system surrounds at least part of the loop heat pipe and at least part of the refrigerator, and at least part of the heat insulation system transmits light, wherein the condenser comprises a bottom plate and a light-transmitting cover plate, a channel is arranged on the bottom plate, and the light-transmitting cover plate is attached to the bottom plate and encloses a condensing channel together with the channel on the bottom plate. The experimental device for the condensation and flow visualization of the low-temperature fluid can visualize the condensation and flow process of the low-temperature fluid and simultaneously solve the problems of structural strength caused by cold and hot impact, large difference of thermal expansion coefficients of structural members and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of low-temperature fluid flow experiments, in particular to an experimental device for low-temperature fluid condensation and flow visualization.
Background
Today, the fields of aerospace, superconducting technology, electronic devices and the like are rapidly developed, the cryogenic cooling technology faces more serious challenges, and the application field of cryogenic fluid as a cooling medium or a heat transfer medium is more and more widespread. The low-temperature fluid inevitably undergoes a vapor-liquid phase transformation thermal process such as evaporation or condensation in the application process, and a low-temperature vapor-liquid two-phase flow phenomenon is accompanied in the heat exchange process.
The physical parameters of the low-temperature working medium and the normal-temperature working medium are different, such as the surface tension and the vaporization latent heat of the low-temperature working medium such as nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen and the like are far smaller than those of the normal-temperature working medium such as water, ammonia, freon and the like, so that the flow and heat exchange process of the low-temperature working medium are greatly different from those of the normal-temperature working medium, and many empirical formulas established based on the normal-temperature working medium cannot accurately describe the real physical process at low temperature, so that the gas-liquid two-phase flow and heat exchange characteristics in the low-temperature environment need to be studied in depth. The gas-liquid two-phase flow and heat exchange process of the low-temperature fluid has complex scientific problems including gas-liquid interface and two-phase flow pattern change, gas-liquid distribution, flow resistance characteristics and the like, and the low-temperature gas-liquid two-phase flow and heat exchange is usually researched by utilizing numerical simulation and experimental means.
In the experimental study process, in order to grasp the gas-liquid interface and the two-phase flow pattern change and the gas-liquid distribution state in the low-temperature microchannel condensation process, the observation is needed by means of a visualization means, so that a visualization test device needs to be developed. The low-temperature visualization element is usually a nonmetallic transparent material, and is contacted with low-temperature fluid, so that the visualization requirement is met, and cold and heat impact of low temperature and normal temperature alternating changes can be born; the visual element is fixedly connected with the metal material, and the visual element is even broken due to the fact that the thermal expansion coefficients are very different and the sealing difficulty is higher at low temperature; the visualization element also meets the high pressure requirements. In addition, because of the limitation of low-temperature sealing and material requirements, the traditional pump driving device cannot be used in a low-temperature environment, and generally relies on gravity to drive the flow of gas-liquid two-phase working media, so that the research of horizontal two-phase flow is inconvenient to develop, and the flow rate is inconvenient to adjust. These challenges present significant challenges to the structural design and adiabatic design of the cryogenic visualization device.
Disclosure of Invention
First, the technical problem to be solved
The invention aims to provide an experimental device for visualizing condensation and flow of low-temperature fluid, which is used for visualizing the condensation and flow process of the low-temperature fluid, solving the problems of structural strength caused by cold and hot impact, large difference of thermal expansion coefficients of structural members and the like, and simultaneously solving the problems of flow driving and flow speed regulation of the low-temperature fluid under the action of independent pumps or gravity.
(II) technical scheme
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an experimental apparatus for visualization of condensation and flow of a cryogenic fluid, the experimental apparatus comprising: the loop heat pipe comprises a condenser and an evaporator which are connected into a loop in a closed loop manner; a refrigerator in contact with the condenser; and the heat insulation system surrounds at least part of the loop heat pipe and at least part of the refrigerator, and at least part of the heat insulation system transmits light, wherein the condenser comprises a bottom plate and a light-transmitting cover plate, a channel is arranged on the bottom plate, and the light-transmitting cover plate is attached to the bottom plate and encloses a condensing channel together with the channel on the bottom plate.
Preferably, a first groove is formed in one surface of the bottom plate, facing the light-transmitting cover plate, the light-transmitting cover plate is arranged in the first groove, and a preset gap is reserved between the inner peripheral surface of the first groove and the edge of the light-transmitting cover plate.
Preferably, the gap is filled with low-temperature glue.
Preferably, the condenser further comprises: and a fixing plate having a central portion opened and a peripheral portion fixing an edge of the light-transmitting cover plate to the bottom plate.
Preferably, a second groove is formed in one surface of the fixing plate, which faces the light-transmitting cover plate, and a gasket is arranged in the second groove.
Preferably, the channel on the bottom plate has a serpentine shape or a spiral shape.
Preferably, the loop heat pipe further comprises: a liquid line connecting the condenser and the evaporator; a gas line connecting the evaporator and the condenser; and the gas reservoir is connected with the gas pipeline.
Preferably, the insulation system comprises: a vacuum cover in a cylindrical shape; the bottom end cover and the top end cover are respectively arranged at the bottom end and the top end of the vacuum cover, and at least part of the loop heat pipe and at least part of the refrigerator are surrounded by the loop heat pipe and the vacuum cover, wherein a first window for observation and a second window for an external light source to enter are arranged on the top end cover, and the position of the first window corresponds to the position of the condenser.
Preferably, the first window and the second window each include: a window base fixed with the top end cap; a light-transmitting plate; and the connecting cover is used for fixing the light-transmitting plate and the window base, and a sealing ring is arranged between the light-transmitting plate and the window base.
Preferably, a conical opening is arranged on one side of the window base of the second window, which is opposite to the light-transmitting plate.
(III) beneficial effects
According to the experimental device for visualizing condensation and flow of the cryogenic fluid, which is provided by the invention, at least part of the heat insulation system is transparent, and the condenser comprises a transparent cover plate, so that the condensation process of the cryogenic fluid is visualized. The visualization research of the low-temperature condensation process is carried out by means of the gas-liquid two-phase flow phenomenon in the loop heat pipe, the gravity action or the additional arrangement of a driving pump is not needed, the capillary action in the evaporator is utilized to drive the gas-liquid two-phase working medium to circularly flow, and the restriction of the working medium flowing direction is avoided. The loop heat pipe is a closed device, no working medium flows in and out in the test process, no external discharge is caused, the flow speed of the working medium can be conveniently adjusted by adjusting the heating amount of the evaporator, the saturation pressure and the temperature in the condensation process can be adjusted and changed by adjusting the filling amount of the working medium and/or the heating amount of the evaporator, and the low-temperature condensation process under different working conditions is researched. In addition, the invention adopts the low-temperature refrigerator as a cold source, and can provide cooling for researching the condensation process of the low-temperature working medium in a wider working temperature area.
The condenser includes printing opacity apron and bottom plate, printing opacity apron and bottom plate laminating to with the channel on the bottom plate encloses into the condensation channel jointly, and the structural seal degree of difficulty of above-mentioned condenser reduces, can solve traditional visual condenser because cold and hot impact, structure thermal expansion coefficient differ greatly etc. and bring structural strength problem.
In a preferred embodiment, a first groove is formed in a surface of the bottom plate facing the light-transmitting cover plate, the light-transmitting cover plate is placed in the first groove, a predetermined gap is reserved between the inner peripheral surface of the first groove and the edge of the light-transmitting cover plate, the predetermined gap is used for buffering expansion or contraction deformation between the bottom plate and the light-transmitting cover plate, and further, low-temperature glue can be filled in the gap. In addition, the condenser also comprises a fixing plate, a second groove is formed in one surface of the fixing plate, which faces the light-transmitting cover plate, and a gasket is arranged in the second groove. Above-mentioned bottom plate of condenser and printing opacity apron circumference cooperation position are preset the clearance and are filled low temperature and glue, and the rethread fixed plate cooperation screw fastening mode is fixed, effectively avoids high low temperature change to lead to the fact the destruction to the condenser, alleviates the influence of the expansion, the shrink that produce because of the coefficient of thermal expansion difference between fixed plate, printing opacity apron and the fastening screw through the gasket, further improves condenser sealing performance and pressure-resistant ability.
In the preferred embodiment, be equipped with the first window that is used for observing and the second window that is used for external light source to get into on the top end cover of adiabatic system, the window base of second window is facing away from the one side of light-transmitting plate sets up the toper opening, can make second window size compacter, and the angle that light got into adiabatic system is wider, guarantees that the light source sent is smooth to be directed towards the printing opacity apron of condenser.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an experimental apparatus for condensing and visualizing flow of a cryogenic fluid according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of an experimental set-up for visualization of cryogenic fluid condensation and flow in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a loop heat pipe of an experimental apparatus for condensing and flow visualization of a cryogenic fluid in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 shows a schematic cross-sectional structure of a condenser of an experimental apparatus for condensing and flow visualization of a cryogenic fluid in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 shows a top view of a condenser floor of an experimental set-up for visualization of cryogenic fluid condensation and flow in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 shows a schematic cross-sectional structure of an evaporator of an experimental apparatus for condensing and flow visualization of a cryogenic fluid according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the top end cap of an experimental apparatus for condensing and flow visualization of a cryogenic fluid in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The following describes in further detail the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings and examples. The following examples are illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
The invention provides an experimental device for visualizing condensation and flow of a low-temperature fluid, which is used for visualizing the flow process and condensation process of the low-temperature fluid. Fig. 1 and 2 show a schematic cross-sectional structure and an exploded perspective view of an experimental apparatus for condensing and flow visualization of a cryogenic fluid according to an embodiment of the present invention, respectively. The experimental setup for cryogenic fluid condensation and flow visualization includes loop heat pipe 100, a refrigerator, and an insulation system.
Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a loop heat pipe 100 of an experimental apparatus for condensing and flow visualization of a cryogenic fluid in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The loop heat pipe 100 includes a condenser 110 and an evaporator 120 connected in a closed loop.
The refrigerator may be a pulse tube refrigerator, a stirling refrigerator, a GM refrigerator or a cryocooler thereof, which is in contact with the condenser 110.
The insulation system encloses at least part of the loop heat pipe 100 and at least part of the refrigerator, the insulation system of this embodiment being at least partially light transmissive.
Fig. 4 shows a schematic cross-sectional structure of a condenser 110 of an experimental device for condensing and flow visualization of a cryogenic fluid according to an embodiment of the invention, the condenser 110 includes a bottom plate 111 and a transparent cover plate 112, fig. 5 shows a top view of the bottom plate 111, a channel 1111 is disposed on the bottom plate 111, and the transparent cover plate 112 is attached to the bottom plate 111 and encloses a condensation channel together with the channel 1111 on the bottom plate 111.
The channels 1111 in the base 111 may be serpentine or spiral in shape. The cross section of the channel 1111 in this embodiment is rectangular, and the cross section of the formed condensation channel is also rectangular. In other embodiments, the bottom plate 111 may be provided with a channel 1111 with a V-shaped cross section, and a condensation channel with a triangular cross section may be formed with the transparent cover plate 112, or the bottom plate 111 and the transparent cover plate 112 may be provided with channels with semicircular cross sections, and after assembly, a condensation channel with a circular cross section may be formed, and other cross-sectional shapes may be designed.
According to the experimental set-up for visualization of condensation and flow of a cryogenic fluid provided by the present invention, at least part of the light transmissive, condenser 110 of the insulation system comprises a light transmissive cover plate 112 to visualize the condensation process of the cryogenic fluid. The visual study of the low-temperature condensation process is carried out by means of the gas-liquid two-phase flow phenomenon in the loop heat pipe 100, the gravity action is not needed or a driving pump is additionally arranged, the capillary action in the evaporator 120 is utilized to drive the gas-liquid two-phase working medium to circularly flow, and the restriction of the working medium flowing direction is avoided. The loop heat pipe 100 is a closed device, no working medium flows in and out in the test process, no external discharge is caused, the flow speed of the working medium can be conveniently adjusted by adjusting the heating amount of the evaporator 120, the saturation pressure and the temperature in the condensation process can be adjusted and changed by adjusting the filling amount of the working medium and/or the heating amount of the evaporator 120, and the low-temperature condensation process under different working conditions is researched. In addition, the invention adopts the low-temperature refrigerator as a cold source, and can provide cooling for researching the condensation process of the low-temperature working medium in a wider working temperature area.
The condenser 110 comprises a light-transmitting cover plate 112 and a bottom plate 111, wherein the light-transmitting cover plate 112 is attached to the bottom plate 111, so that a condensation channel is formed by surrounding the light-transmitting cover plate 112 and a channel 1111 on the bottom plate 111, the structural sealing difficulty of the condenser 110 is reduced, and the structural strength problem caused by cold-hot impact, large difference of thermal expansion coefficients of structural members and the like of the traditional visualized condenser 110 can be solved.
Further, a first groove 1112 is disposed on a surface of the bottom plate 111 facing the transparent cover plate 112, the transparent cover plate 112 is disposed in the first groove 1112, a predetermined gap can be disposed between an inner peripheral surface of the first groove 1112 and an edge of the transparent cover plate 112, the gap can be further filled with low-temperature glue 114, and by disposing the gap or the low-temperature glue 114 between the bottom plate 111 and the transparent cover plate 112, expansion and contraction effects of the bottom plate 111 and the transparent cover plate 112 due to different thermal expansion coefficients can be relieved, so that sealing performance and structural strength of the condenser 110 are improved.
The external condenser 110 further includes a fixing plate 113, a central portion of the fixing plate 113 is opened, and a peripheral portion fixes an edge of the light-transmitting cover plate 112 to the bottom plate 111. Further, a second groove 1131 is disposed on a surface of the fixed plate 113 facing the transparent cover 112, and a gasket 115 is disposed in the second groove 1131.
In the embodiment of the invention, the circumferential matching position of the bottom plate 111 of the condenser 110 and the transparent cover plate 112 is preset with a gap and filled with low-temperature glue 114, and then the gap is fixed by the fixing plate 113 in a screw fastening mode, so that the damage to the condenser 110 caused by high-low temperature change is effectively avoided, the influence of expansion and contraction generated by different thermal expansion coefficients among the fixing plate 113, the transparent cover plate 112 and fastening screws is relieved by the gasket 115, and the sealing performance and the pressure resistance of the condenser 110 are further improved.
In the present embodiment, the loop heat pipe 100 further includes a liquid pipe 130, a gas pipe 140, and a gas reservoir 150. The liquid line 130 connects the condenser 110 with the evaporator 120, the gas line 140 connects the evaporator 120 with the condenser 110, and the gas reservoir 150 is connected with the gas line 140. The condenser 110, the liquid pipeline 130, the evaporator 120 and the gas pipeline 140 are sequentially connected to form a loop structure, and the gas reservoir 150 is communicated with the gas pipeline 140 through a gas reservoir connecting pipe 151 and a tee joint 152. The air reservoir 150 is used for alleviating the problem of the excessive pressure of the loop heat pipe 100 under the room temperature condition, and the size of the air reservoir 150 can be designed according to the air-liquid ratio and the working pressure requirement under the low-temperature environment. The liquid pipeline 130 and the gas pipeline 140 can be made of metal thin-wall pipes, and parameters such as the length and the diameter of the pipeline are designed according to the system requirements and the space layout conditions, for example, in order to make a low-temperature system more compact, the pipeline can also be bent into a U-shaped structure. In this embodiment, the air charging port 160 of the loop heat pipe 100 is disposed on the air reservoir 150, and is connected to the air charging port 160 through an external pipeline and a valve, so as to charge the low-temperature working medium into the loop heat pipe 100.
Fig. 6 shows a schematic cross-sectional structure of an evaporator 120 of an experimental apparatus for low-temperature fluid condensation and flow visualization in an embodiment of the present invention, where the evaporator 120 of the loop heat pipe 100 may include a capillary structure 121, a housing 122, an inlet end cover 125 and an outlet end cover 126, the housing 122 forms a cavity with the inlet end cover 125 and the outlet end cover 126, the capillary structure 121 is disposed inside the housing 122 as a liquid suction core, and a plurality of gas channels 123 are disposed between the outer surface of the capillary structure 121 and the inner wall of the housing 122, so that the gas working medium evaporated from the surface of the capillary structure 121 is timely discharged to the gas pipeline 140, and the capillary action of the capillary structure 121 provides a driving force for the circulating flow of the working medium in the loop without depending on a pump or gravity effect. The evaporator 120 may further be provided with a liquid reservoir 124, the liquid reservoir 124 may be made of stainless steel, titanium or other metal materials with smaller heat conductivity coefficients, the shell 122 of the evaporator 120 may be made of materials with larger heat conductivity coefficients such as red copper, a transition ring is arranged between the liquid reservoir 124 and the shell 122 for welding, the liquid reservoir 124 is communicated with the inside of the capillary structure 121 and is used for storing excessive liquid working medium, heat leakage of the evaporator 120 is controlled and regulated, operation stability of the evaporator 120 is improved, a secondary capillary structure (not shown in the figure) may be arranged between the liquid reservoir 124 and the capillary structure 121, and liquid in the liquid reservoir 124 is conveniently supplemented and flowed into the capillary structure 121.
The insulation system of this embodiment includes a vacuum enclosure 310, a bottom end cap 320, and a top end cap 330. The vacuum enclosure 310 is cylindrical, and the bottom end cap 320 and the top end cap 330 are respectively disposed at the bottom end and the top end of the vacuum enclosure 310, and together with the vacuum enclosure 310, enclose at least a portion of the loop heat pipe 100 and at least a portion of the refrigerator. Wherein, the top end cap 330 is provided with a first window 331 for observation and a second window 332 for entrance of an external light source, and the position of the first window 331 corresponds to the position of the condenser 110.
The vacuum cover 310 is provided with a vacuum interface 311 and a lead interface 312, the vacuum cover 310 is connected with a vacuum unit through the vacuum interface 311, and leads such as a thermometer and a heating resistor inside are connected with an external acquisition system through the lead interface 312. The upper and lower ends of the vacuum cover 310 are respectively provided with a flange and a sealing groove, the sealing groove of the vacuum cover 310 is sealed by adopting a rubber ring or a polytetrafluoroethylene gasket, and the sealing grooves are fastened with the bottom end cover 320 and the top end cover 330 by bolts.
Fig. 7 shows a schematic cross-sectional structure of a top end cap 330 of an experimental apparatus for condensing and flow visualization of a cryogenic fluid according to an embodiment of the invention, and each of a first window 331 and a second window 332 includes a window base 3301, a light-transmitting plate 3302, and a connection cover 3303. The window base 3301 is fixed with the top end cover 330, and the connecting cover 3303 is fixed light-transmitting plate 3302 and window base 3301, sets up sealing washer 3304 between light-transmitting plate 3302 and the window base 3301, and window base 3301 can set up the seal groove towards light-transmitting plate 3302's one side for hold above-mentioned sealing washer 3304.
The high-speed camera can record the flowing state of the gas-liquid two-phase working medium in the condensation process in the condenser 110 through the first window 331. An ambient light source may impinge upon condenser 110 through second window 332 into the insulation system. The side of the window base 3301 of the second window 332 opposite to the light-transmitting plate 3302 can be provided with a conical opening, so that the size of the second window 332 is more compact, the angle of light entering the heat insulation system is wider, and the light emitted by the light source is ensured to be smoothly emitted to the light-transmitting cover plate 112 of the condenser 110.
On the top end cover 330, the first window 331 may protrude toward the direction of the top end cover 330 facing the loop heat pipe 100, so as to shorten the distance between the first window 331 and the condenser 110, which is more beneficial for the high-speed camera to shoot. The second window 332 protrudes toward the top end cover 330 and away from the loop heat pipe 100, and the distance between the second window 332 and the first window 331 on the top end cover 330 can be relatively closer, so that the opening size of the second window 332 can be more compact under the condition that the light of the light source is ensured to be smoothly irradiated to the condenser 110.
As previously mentioned, the refrigerator can be any of a variety of refrigerators, and is described herein as a pulse tube refrigerator, which includes a cold head 210, a cold finger 220, and a compressor connection 230, the cold head 210 being located within the insulation system and in contact with the condenser 110, the cold head 210 being connected to a compressor external to the insulation system via the cold finger 220 and the compressor connection 230 in sequence. In this embodiment, the refrigerator is disposed on a bottom end cover 320 of the heat insulation system, the bottom end cover 320 is used as a hot end of the refrigerator for heat dissipation of the refrigerator, wherein the cold head 210 and the cold finger 220 are located in the heat insulation system, and the bottom of the condenser 110 is tightly fixed to the cold head 210 of the refrigerator by screw connection or low-temperature adhesive bonding. The bottom end cap 320 may also be provided with a flange 321 at its edge for connection to the vacuum housing 310, and the experimental set-up may also include a bracket 400, which may also be attached to the flange 321, to provide support and fixation to the entire experimental set-up at its bottom.
In addition, thermometers may be provided on the bottom plate 110 of the loop heat pipe 100, the locations of the inlet and outlet of the condenser 110, the evaporator 120, and the cold head 210 of the refrigerator, respectively, to monitor temperature changes during the test. A heating device is arranged on the evaporator 120, and the surface of the capillary structure 121 generates capillary action by heating the evaporator 120, so that the working medium in the loop heat pipe 100 is driven to circularly flow.
The aluminized polyester film is wound on the outer surfaces of the loop heat pipe 100 and the cold finger 220 of the refrigerator to keep the transparent cover plate 112 area of the condenser 110 exposed, reduce the heat leakage from the external environment to the environment inside the system, and simultaneously, do not influence the observation process of the condenser 110.
A cold screen can be further arranged in the vacuum cover 310, the cold screen surrounds the cold finger 220 of the loop heat pipe 100 and the refrigerator, the cold screen is not contacted with the cold finger 220 of the loop heat pipe 100 and the refrigerator, heat leakage caused by heat conduction is avoided, a plurality of aluminized polyester films are wound on the cold screen, openings are formed in the cold screen and the plurality of aluminized polyester films in areas corresponding to the first window 331 and the second window 332, light rays of a light source are ensured to be smoothly emitted to the light-transmitting cover plate 112 of the condenser 110, and a high-speed camera can smoothly shoot and record a gas-liquid flowing process in the condenser 110. In addition, openings are provided in the cold shield for the thermometer leads and heating wires to extend through, and the leads are connected through the openings to lead interfaces 312 on the vacuum enclosure 310.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. An experimental set-up for visualization of cryogenic fluid condensation and flow, the experimental set-up comprising:
The loop heat pipe comprises a condenser and an evaporator which are connected into a loop in a closed loop manner;
A refrigerator in contact with the condenser; and
An insulation system surrounding at least a portion of said loop heat pipe and at least a portion of said refrigerator, said insulation system being at least partially light transmissive,
The condenser comprises a bottom plate and a light-transmitting cover plate, wherein a channel is formed in the bottom plate, the light-transmitting cover plate is attached to the bottom plate, and a condensing channel is formed by surrounding the light-transmitting cover plate and the channel in the bottom plate.
2. The experimental device according to claim 1, wherein a first groove is formed in a surface of the bottom plate facing the light-transmitting cover plate, the light-transmitting cover plate is placed in the first groove, and a predetermined gap is left between an inner peripheral surface of the first groove and an edge of the light-transmitting cover plate.
3. The assay device of claim 2 wherein the gap is filled with a low temperature glue.
4. The assay device of claim 1, wherein the condenser further comprises:
And a fixing plate having a central portion opened and a peripheral portion fixing an edge of the light-transmitting cover plate to the bottom plate.
5. The experimental device according to claim 4, wherein a second groove is formed in a surface of the fixing plate facing the light-transmitting cover plate, and a gasket is arranged in the second groove.
6. The assay device of claim 1 wherein the channel on the base plate is serpentine or spiral.
7. The experimental setup of claim 1, wherein the loop heat pipe further comprises:
a liquid line connecting the condenser and the evaporator;
a gas line connecting the evaporator and the condenser;
and the gas reservoir is connected with the gas pipeline.
8. The assay device of claim 1, wherein the thermal insulation system comprises:
A vacuum cover in a cylindrical shape;
The bottom end cover and the top end cover are respectively arranged at the bottom end and the top end of the vacuum cover and jointly enclose at least part of the loop heat pipe and at least part of the refrigerator with the vacuum cover,
The top end cover is provided with a first window for observation and a second window for entering of an external light source, and the position of the first window corresponds to the position of the condenser.
9. The experimental apparatus of claim 8, wherein the first window and the second window each comprise:
a window base fixed with the top end cap;
A light-transmitting plate; and
The connecting cover is used for fixing the light-transmitting plate and the window base, and a sealing ring is arranged between the light-transmitting plate and the window base.
10. The assay device of claim 9 wherein the window mount of the second window is provided with a tapered opening on a side of the window mount facing away from the light-transmissive plate.
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| CN110412029B (en) * | 2019-07-18 | 2021-11-26 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Multifunctional visual heat pipe capillary core testing device |
| CN112754756B (en) * | 2021-01-15 | 2022-07-12 | 金耀华 | Orthopedic nursing cold therapy instrument |
| CN113030154B (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2021-12-28 | 上海交通大学 | Villiaumite flowing solidification behavior simulation experiment system |
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